CN109661351A - 用于包含食品的包装的气密密封装置 - Google Patents

用于包含食品的包装的气密密封装置 Download PDF

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CN109661351A
CN109661351A CN201780043215.3A CN201780043215A CN109661351A CN 109661351 A CN109661351 A CN 109661351A CN 201780043215 A CN201780043215 A CN 201780043215A CN 109661351 A CN109661351 A CN 109661351A
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rheostat
annular body
section
terminal
packaging
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CN109661351B (zh
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M·斯克里瓦尼
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Building Automatic Machinery Manufacturing Acma S P A
Azionaria Costruzioni Macchine Automatiche ACMA SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/28—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
    • B65B7/2842—Securing closures on containers
    • B65B7/2878—Securing closures on containers by heat-sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/224—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip being a resistive ribbon, a resistive band or a resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/228—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for electrically connecting the ends of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7461—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool for making welds and cuts of other than simple rectilinear form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B29C65/7847—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • B29C65/787—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using conveyor belts or conveyor chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2422—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
    • B29C66/24221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/433—Casing-in, i.e. enclosing an element between two sheets by an outlined seam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849—Packaging machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B41/00—Supplying or feeding container-forming sheets or wrapping material
    • B65B41/02—Feeding sheets or wrapper blanks
    • B65B41/04—Feeding sheets or wrapper blanks by grippers
    • B65B41/06—Feeding sheets or wrapper blanks by grippers by suction-operated grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)

Abstract

构成本发明的目的的用于包含食品的包装(100)的密封装置(1)包括：用于抓持和/或馈送薄柔性材料块(Sp)的单元(2)，薄柔性材料块形成薄膜，薄膜用于覆盖并至少部分地密封食品；密封元件(5)，密封元件包括变阻器(6)，变阻器具有环形主体(7)和两个端子(8)，端子从环形主体(7)延伸且能连接至电压发生器，电压发生器能够在两个端子(8)的端部处产生并保持电势差，以便引起电流沿变阻器(6)的流动，电流能够将环形主体(7)加热至预定的密封温度。每个端子(8)在其与变阻器(6)的环形主体(7)的连接点处具有截面，该截面的表面积与端子(8)的所有其他点处的截面相比是最小的。

Description

用于包含食品的包装的气密密封装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于包含食品的包装的气密密封装置。
本公开中用来描述本发明和要求权利的术语具有以下含义：
-包装表示：包裹封套；容器；囊体。
-覆盖和密封元件表示：盖子、覆盖物、密封件覆盖物、覆盖和密封薄膜。
术语“食品”用来表示糖果、巧克力、夹心糖、零食、用于咖啡或包含用于冲泡的产品的囊体和壳体。
背景技术
用于制备冲泡物的囊体是单用途类型的，且通常包括容器，该容器用于保持一部分芳香物质且设置有可穿孔的盖子和底部，水可被馈送通过该可穿孔的盖子，用水冲泡存在于容器中的芳香物质而产生的饮品通过该底部而被分配。
用于制作囊体的现有技术包装机十分简略地包括传送线，该传送线用于使容器沿预定路径在馈送方向上移动。
在沿馈送路径的第一工位中设有如下系统，在设置有该系统之处，用于馈送连续的片材幅材，其至少部分地位于容器传送线上方，且囊体底部内衬从该系统被切割出并插入到容器中。
在该工位中，每个底部内衬从幅材被切割出、向下馈送并插入到相应的容器中。在设置有的情况下，在同一工位中，底部内衬被密封于容器。
接着，在充填工位中，容器被充填有适当地量度的芳香物质量。
沿馈送方向在充填工位下游，现有技术的机器包括用于闭合囊体的工位，在该工位处，将盖子施加至每个容器。
以与底部内衬基本相同的方式，闭合工位通常设置有用于馈送连续薄膜幅材的系统，其至少部分地位于容器传送线上方，且盖子从该系统中被切割出并被施加至每个容器顶部处的嘴部。
每个盖子从幅材被切割出、向下馈送且被施加并密封于相应容器。
一般而言，为了施加盖子和(如果设有的话)底部内衬，上述操作通过致动器装置来执行，致动器装置配备有用于切割盖子或底部内衬的刀具，配备有用于保持盖子或底部内衬的拾取元件，以及如果需要的话配备有密封件。在容器被加工时以相同间隔隔开的致动装置各自基本上包括可在升高位置与降低位置之间移动的杆，用于将底部内衬或盖子施加/定位在容器中或容器上。在各端部位置之间的中间位置处，如所提及的，底部内衬或盖子从相应的连续幅材被切割。
在与本申请的申请人相同的专利申请BO2013A000390中描述了一种用于制作囊体的机器的示例。
该机器包括切割工位和密封工位。还有在切割工位与密封工位之间运行的传输装置，以传输将形成囊体盖子的幅材块。
用于食品的包装还可包括用于诸如巧克力、糖果之类的食物的包装纸。
申请人已发现，该机器由于以下事实而是低效的：必须将幅材块从切割工位传输至密封工位，且由于密封工位是基于由焦耳效应产生的热量，因而密封工位效率低下。事实上，现有技术密封工位的第一个缺陷在于，密封温度在整个密封表面上不是恒定的。另一个缺陷是由于不可能将在高密封温度下操作的需求同时结合有限的泄漏所导致的。事实上，尽管在一方面，升高运行电流允许增加密封温度，但另一方面，回路泄漏与该运行电流的平方成正比。
发明内容
在本文中，本发明的主要技术目的在于克服上述缺点。
本发明的一个目的在于提出一种用于密封食品包装的装置，该食品包装比如是包含用于冲泡的芳香物质的囊体或壳体，该装置立刻有效且能够协调相反需求，以优化密封和电气效率。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种用于密封包含用于冲泡的芳香物质的囊体或壳体的装置，该装置紧凑且能够在整体上提高机器的效率。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种用于气密密封糖果、巧克力等的装置。
所明确的技术目的和目标基本上由包括所附权利要求中一项或多项中描述的技术特征的用于密封包含用于冲泡的芳香物质的密封囊体的装置来实现。
附图说明
本发明的其他特征和其优点在以下的非限制性说明中更为明显，该说明参考如附图中所示的密封装置的优选但非排他性的实施例，附图中：
-图1是用于气密密封包含食品的包装的根据本发明的装置的分解立体图；
-图2以示意性正视图和部分剖视图示出了已组装的图1中的密封装置；
-图3示出了沿图2中的线III－III的剖视图；
-图4－7分别以示意性侧视图、正视图、俯视图和立体图示出了图1中的密封装置的变阻器；
-图8以放大示意图示出了图7的细节A；
-图9－12示出了呈用于气密密封咖啡囊体的一系列构造的图3中的密封装置；
-图13以放大示意图示出了图12的细节；
-图14－18示出了用于气密密封包含特别是糖果、巧克力和类似制品的食品包装的根据本发明的装置。
具体实施方式
参考图1－3，附图标记1标示出根据本发明的装置，该装置用于密封囊体100，囊体100包含用于冲泡的芳香物质。
例如，图13示出了囊体100，该囊体100基本上包括容器101，容器101例如是杯形的。容器101具有充填嘴部102和底部103，在囊体100的使用期间通过用水冲泡存在于容器中但未示出的芳香物质所生产的饮品经由该底部103被分配。
参考囊体100是单用途囊体，且还包括可穿孔的盖子104，水可被馈送通过该可穿孔的盖子104，且该穿孔的盖子104被密封施加。囊体100还可包括底部内衬105，例如是过滤器元件，其在所示的示例中定位在容器101的底部103上。
容器101具有限定嘴部102的自由边缘106，盖子104被施加且密封在该嘴部102上。
盖子104由柔性材料幅材W制成，薄的柔性材料块Sp被切割自该柔性材料幅材W。盖子的形状可特别地根据容器101和嘴部102的形状而变化。一般而言，盖子具有盘状，但也可设想替代的实施例。
密封装置1包括抓持单元2，抓持单元2例如通过抽吸进行操作。更具体地，抓持单元2是设有抽吸导管3的抽吸杯。
抓持单元2沿纵向轴线4延伸且可沿纵向轴线4移动，用于拾取并保持用于制作囊体100的盖子104的柔性材料薄膜块Sp。
密封装置1还包括密封元件5，密封元件5包括变阻器6，变阻器6具有环形主体7和从环形主体7延伸的两个端子8。环形主体7优选地具有平坦形式，换言之，其具有上环形表面7a和下环形表面7b，两者都是环形且置于平行平面中。
抓持单元2与变阻器6的环形主体7同轴设置且沿纵向轴线4穿过变阻器6的环形主体7。
图4－7示出了变阻器6的可能实施例。在所示示例中为圆形的环形主体7的形状取决于囊体100和盖子104的形状。
端子8可连接至电压发生器，电压发生器能够在两个端子的端部处产生并保持电势差ΔV，以便引起电流沿变阻器6流动，该电流能够将环形主体7加热至预定的密封温度。附图标记9示意性地指示出与电压发生器10的电气连接件，其构成密封元件的一部分。
如图8中更详细地示出的，每个端子8在其与变阻器6的环形主体7的连接点处具有截面S1，截面S1的表面积与端子的所有其他点处的截面相比是最小的。
应指出的是，变阻器6的环形主体7意在与薄膜块Sp相接触，薄膜块Sp定位成其外边缘与囊体100的嘴部102的自由外边缘106接触预定的时长，该时长足以沿囊体的边缘密封薄膜块Sp，由此闭合囊体。
参考图8，每个端子8与变阻器6的环形主体7的接触点限定电气节点11，在此处，电流i被分成两个次级电流i1和i2，这两个次级电流i1和i2沿环形主体7流动并在另一端子处汇聚。更具体地，图8示出了变阻器的节点11的立体图，其突出显示了电流所流动通过的表面S’、S1和S2。
表面S’是变阻器的两个端子中的一个的横截面的表面。另一端子和对应的节点形状相似。如从该图中明显的是，S1<S’。
两个表面S2是环形主体7的横截面。
在每个节点11处，端子的处于表面积与端子的所有其他点处的截面相比最小的截面S1周围的一部分限定了预定的电阻R1，电阻R1是在相应端子的任何其他截面处测量的那些电阻中最大的。
事实上，如已知的，电阻R是电导G的倒数，且定义如下：
其中，是电导(其倒数是电阻)，L是跨接于其间来测量电阻的各点之间的距离(因此是变阻器的长度)，S是垂直于电流方向的截面面积。
因此推出，由表面S’提供的对电流i的电阻R’低于由表面S1提供的电阻R1和由表面S2提供的电阻R2，因为表面越小，电阻越高。
在端子的处于表面积与端子的所有其他点处的截面相比为最小的截面S1周围的一部分处，焦耳效应产生的温度高于可能在端子的任何其他点处产生的温度。
事实上，增加电阻值增加了可通过焦耳效应根据已知关系式P＝RI2转化成热量的功率值。
减小端子在其与环形主体7连接点处的横截表面积的效果允许将变阻器的环形主体7保持在所需的密封温度而无需增加电流i。
因此，减小端子在其与环形主体7的连接点处的横截面增加了节点11处的热量，这与如果在节点处相交的各表面(即，环形主体7的横向表面和端子8的横向表面)被加总的话可能在节点处发生的冷却效应作用相反。此外，节点11处的电流i被分成分别流向表面S1的左侧和右侧的两个电流i1和i2，且电流i1和i2能够将变阻器的环形主体7保持在所需的密封温度处。
这允许防止节点处的过度冷却、限制电流i的值并防止泄漏增加，该泄漏与电流i本身的平方成正比。
除上述之外，应指出的是，对于节点11而言，长度是可忽略的，因而，相关的电阻仅受截面S1的值直接影响。相反，环形主体7的长度不仅不是可忽略的，而且大于变阻器的其他部件，因而进一步且显著地增加在所用电流相同条件下可获得的密封温度。
参考附图，端子8具有平直伸展部8a，用于与支承套管12机械连接且用于与电压发生器10电气连接。平直伸展部8a垂直于环形主体7的平坦形状延伸，且优选地设有狭槽8c，用于将其紧固至套管12。
每个端子8还具有相对于平直伸展部8a成角度且相对于环形主体7的平坦形状成角度设置的连接伸展部8b。优选地，平直伸展部8a的截面S’是恒定的，而连接伸展部8b的横截面在与环形主体7的连接点处减小至其最小值S1。
套管12限定贯通腔体13，贯通腔体13沿纵向轴线4延伸，且抓持单元2同轴地设置在贯通腔体13内部。更具体地，抓持单元2可借助未示出的移动装置沿纵向轴线4相对于套管12移动。参考图9－12，抓持单元2可在套管12内部、在图11中所示的升高位置与图10中所示的降低位置之间移动，在该降低位置处，其紧接在块Sp已被切割之后拾取块Sp。
如随着本说明的继续而会变得更清楚的升高位置对应于密封位置。换言之，抓持单元2可沿纵向轴线4相对于变阻器6(附连至套管12)在升高位置与降低位置之间移动。
密封装置1还包括与抓持单元2同轴且与变阻器的环形主体7同轴设置的刀片14。更具体地，刀片14是管状的，且抓持单元2位于刀片本身内部。刀片14被设计成从柔性材料幅材W切割下薄膜块Sp，该薄膜块Sp被抓持单元2拾取。
更具体地，刀片14安装在支承件15上，且可沿纵向轴线4移动，纵向轴线4因此代表切割方向，优选是竖直的且相对于幅材W成直角。刀片可在图9中所示的升高的待用位置与图10中所示的降低的切割位置之间移动。更具体地，在相应的降低位置中，刀片14沿幅材W的馈送路径P拦截幅材W。
优选地，如下所述，支承件15和包括变阻器6的密封元件5在切割刀片14的移动期间沿纵向轴线4整体移动。
根据本发明的密封装置1可应用于用来制作囊体100的机器(未示出)，其包括例如用于使容器沿预定路径移动的装置。该机器还可包括用于使柔性材料幅材W沿预定馈送路径P移动的装置。
图9－12示出了在用于制作囊体100的机器中的密封装置1所遵循的切割和密封次序。
在机器运行中的一个步骤中，密封装置1可定位在幅材W上方，例如如图9中所示，其中，抓持单元2和刀片14两者都处于升高位置。
此后，密封装置1可在幅材W的路径P处操作，以切割块Sp。该操作步骤例如在图10中示出，其中，刀片14(与支承件15一起)已到达降低的切割位置。在切割步骤期间，幅材W会停止，或者密封装置1可沿路径P与幅材W同步移动。图10还示出了，当抓持单元2达到降低位置时，其抓住块Sp。
该机器可包括基底(matrix)(未示出)，其与刀片14结合作用，以向幅材W提供轮廓鲜明的切割。
接着，例如如图11中所示，抓持单元2相对于刀片14和变阻器6升高，从而将块Sp的顶表面带至与环形主体7的底侧表面7a接触。
在后续步骤中，例如在图12中所示的，容器101被放置在密封装置1下方，且块Sp的下侧表面被放置成与限定充填嘴部102的自由边缘106相接触。该位置对应于图13中更详细地示出的密封位置。
有利地，根据本发明的密封装置是高效的且能够协调优化密封和电气效率两者的相反需求。更具体地，具有变化截面的端子被用于避免节点处的过度冷却，从而将一方面在高密封温度下操作的需求与另一方面限制泄漏的需求结合。此外，变阻器和刀片的组合允许提高机器效率，这是由于无需对薄膜块的中间传输，薄膜块从其被切割至其被密封的时刻保持与同一抓持单元相关联。
在图14至18中，附图标记16标示诸如巧克力、糖果或类似制品之类的食品。
抓持单元2是抽吸杯17，用于拾取并馈送构成薄膜的薄柔性材料块Sp，薄柔性材料块Sp用于覆盖并至少部分地密封巧克力16。
包装由围绕巧克力16包裹的封套18构成。
封套包括包装材料片材19，其设计成在其一个面上接纳巧克力16。
多个片材19在传送带20上被馈送并使之前进。
抓持单元2将柔性材料块Sp放置在巧克力16上。
如图中所示且以与囊体100的情形中完全相同的方式，变阻器6的环形主体7被设计成与薄膜块Sp接触，薄膜块Sp通过其边缘围绕产品16而与片材19的表面接触，巧克力16被定位在片材19的表面上。
对于设置有变阻器6的密封元件5的所有特征的前述描述也适用于图14至18中所示的实施例，其中，变阻器6的环形主体7可连接至电压发生器10。
因此，环形主体7设置有两个端子8，当这两个端子8连接至同一电压发生器10时，使得电压发生器10在两个端子8的各端处生成并保持电势差，从而引起电流沿变阻器6流动，该电流能够将环形主体7加热至预定的密封温度。
变阻器6的环形主体7意在与定位成接触包装的预定部分的薄膜块Sp实际上是沿围绕巧克力16的边缘接触预定的时长，该时长足以将薄膜块Sp密封于片材19，以便在包装、即片材19与薄膜块Sp之间气密地密封产品。
一旦块料Sp围绕巧克力16被密封并将巧克力16封围在内，片材19就围绕由巧克力和块料Sp所构成的组合包折，以便获得构成包装100的封套18。
应指出的是，变阻器6的环形主体7可具有不同的内直径，使得其可在上述密封操作期间围绕食品16放置而不触碰或损坏食品16。
同样明显的是，环形主体7可具有不同形状，比如举例来说，三角形、矩形或正方形。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于包含食品的包装(100)的气密密封装置(1)，所述气密密封装置包括：用于抓持和/或馈送薄柔性材料块(Sp)的单元(2)，所述薄柔性材料块形成薄膜，所述薄膜用于在所述包装上覆盖并至少部分地密封食品；密封元件(5)，所述密封元件包括变阻器(6)，所述变阻器具有环形主体(7)和两个端子(8)，所述两个端子从所述环形主体(7)延伸且能连接至电压发生器(10)，所述电压发生器能够在所述两个端子(8)的端部处产生并保持电势差，以便引起电流沿所述变阻器(6)的流动，所述电流能够将所述环形主体(7)加热至预定的密封温度；每个端子(8)在其与所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)的连接点处具有截面，该截面的表面积(S’)与所述端子(8)的所有其他点处的截面相比是最小的；所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)意在与被定位成接触所述包装的预定部分的薄膜块(Sp)接触预定的时长，该时长足以将所述薄膜块(Sp)沿所述包装密封，以便将所述食品气密地密封在所述包装与所述薄膜块(Sp)之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的气密密封装置(1)，其特征在于，所述包装是囊体(100)，所述囊体包含用于冲泡的芳香物质，包括用于抓持和/或馈送薄柔性材料块(Sp)的单元(2)，所述薄柔性材料块形成薄膜，所述薄膜用于制作杯形囊体(100)的盖子(104)，所述杯形囊体具有限定出充填嘴部(102)的自由边缘(106)；密封元件(5)，所述密封元件包括变阻器(6)，所述变阻器具有环形主体(7)和两个端子(8)，所述两个端子从所述环形主体延伸且能连接至电压发生器(10)，所述电压发生器能够在所述两个端子(8)的端部处产生并保持电势差，以便引起电流沿所述变阻器(6)的流动，所述电流能够将所述环形主体(7)加热至预定的密封温度；每个端子(8)在其与所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)的连接点处具有截面，该截面的表面积(S’)与所述端子(8)的所有其他点处的截面相比是最小的；所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)意在与所述薄膜块(Sp)接触，所述薄膜块被定位成其外边缘与所述囊体(100)的所述嘴部(102)的所述自由边缘(106)接触预定的时长，该时长足以沿所述囊体的边缘密封所述薄膜块(Sp)，由此闭合所述囊体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的气密密封装置(1)，其特征在于，所述包装(100)是单独的包装纸，每个围绕诸如巧克力、糖果之类的食品进行包裹，所述包装纸包括包装材料片材，所述包装材料片材设计成在其一个表面上接收一个这种制品，并包括用于抓持和/或馈送柔性材料薄膜块(Sp)的单元(2)，所述柔性材料薄膜块用于制作元件，该元件用于在所述包装材料片材上覆盖并密封所述食品；密封元件(5)，所述密封元件包括变阻器(6)，所述变阻器具有环形主体(7)和两个端子(8)，所述两个端子从所述环形主体延伸且能连接至电压发生器(10)，所述电压发生器能够在所述两个端子(8)的端部处产生并保持电势差，以便引起电流沿所述变阻器(6)的流动，所述电流能够将所述环形主体(7)加热至预定的密封温度；每个端子(8)在其与所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)的连接点处具有截面，该截面的表面积(S’)与所述端子(8)的所有其他点处的截面相比是最小的；所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)成形为，使得被覆盖件和密封元件所覆盖的所述制品能穿过所述变阻器，所述变阻器被设计成围绕所述制品的基部，且与被放置成接触所述包装材料片材的所述薄膜块(Sp)接触预定的时长，该时长足以将所述薄膜块(Sp)以其围绕所述制品本身的所述基部的全长密封到所述包装材料片材上。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一权利要求所述的气密密封装置，其特征在于，所述气密密封装置包括刀片(14)，所述刀片与抓持单元(2)同轴地安装且与所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)同轴地安装，所述刀片(14)被设计成从柔性材料幅材(W)切割出所述薄膜块(Sp)，所述薄膜块会被所述抓持单元(2)拾取。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的气密密封装置，其特征在于，在每个端子(8)与所述变阻器(6)的所述环形主体(7)的接触点处限定有电气节点(11)，在所述电气节点处，电流(i)被分成两个次级电流(i1、i2)，所述两个次级电流沿所述环形主体(7)流动并在另一端子(8)处汇聚；在每个节点(11)处，所述端子(8)的处于表面积(S’)与该端子的所有其他点处的截面相比为最小的截面周围的部分限定了预定的电阻(R’)，该电阻是在相应端子的任何其他截面处测量的那些电阻中最大的。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的气密密封装置，其特征在于，在所述端子(8)的处于表面积(S’)与该端子的所有其他点处的截面相比为最小的截面周围的部分处，焦耳效应产生的温度高于能在该端子的任何其他点处产生的温度。
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