CN1096564C - 用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入海上风力设备的装置 - Google Patents

用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入海上风力设备的装置 Download PDF

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CN1096564C
CN1096564C CN99813540A CN99813540A CN1096564C CN 1096564 C CN1096564 C CN 1096564C CN 99813540 A CN99813540 A CN 99813540A CN 99813540 A CN99813540 A CN 99813540A CN 1096564 C CN1096564 C CN 1096564C
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CN1326535A (zh
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S·西格费胜
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Aerodyn Engineering GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/905—Natural fluid current motor
    • Y10S415/908—Axial flow runner

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入海上风力设备的发电机和传动室的装置，它包括气压发生装置和过滤装置，该气压发生装置产生加压空气，并安装在发电机和传动室的至少一个基本封闭的部分中；该过滤装置沿气流方向安装在发电机和传动室的上游，用于使水分和盐粒与要籍由所述气压发生装置引入到该室中的空气相分离。

Description

用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入海上风力设备的装置
本发明涉及一种用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入风力设备、尤其是海上风力设备的发电机和传动装置区域的装置。
设计用于海上使用的风力设备具有大致密封的发电机和传动装置区域，而仅仅养护发电机和传动装置就可能需要相当大的精力和费用，籍此，用以将故障和维修的风险减至最小。
海上应用的一个特殊的问题在于自然存在的含盐空气，有少量会通过密封装置渗入到内部，这样长此以往就会在其中形成含盐、并由此而吸湿的润滑薄膜，由于这些薄膜具有导电性，因此会引起控制和监视设备的短路，还会带来腐蚀性的问题。
本发明的目的在于防止此类具有腐蚀作用的薄膜的形成，即防止盐粒的渗入。
根据本发明，一种具有本发明主权项特征的装置可解决这个问题。诸子权项给出了有利的实施例。
可通过利用空气发生装置来将过压状态下的空气引入到基本密封的发电机和传动装置区域中来取代更为复杂的密封装置，但该密封装置必须被打开的话，仍然能接触到外界空气。最好采用由气压发生器和用于使液体与盐粒相分离的过滤装置，以便在操作期间能以连续的方式引入干燥且不含盐粒的空气，就可防止形成润滑薄膜，同时所产生的过压还能防止外部空气通过较小的间隙不经意间的逆向渗透。
所述过滤装置可为湍流腔，它位于一空气压缩机的上游。在该湍流腔中，空气沿圆形路线飞速流动，且必定是与离心力相反地在中心处离开湍流腔。但是，水或盐粒却由于离心力的作用而沉积在外侧边缘上，继而被去除。
在另一种实施例中，当进气口设置在风力设备的背部时，利用风力设备的塔柱(tower)长度、并带有设置在底部的收集装置的长沉淀或沉积软管可将空气传送到发电机和传动装置区域的过压区域中。
还可提供一种可借助远程控制来监视必要气压产生的压力传感器。倘若例如压缩机的必要负荷量增大，或者如果尽管已是满负荷、压缩机仍无法维持压力，则这样就能得出涉及压缩机的状态或者发电机和传动装置封装件的密封状态有问题的结论。
此外，在外部高风速的情况下，可适当地增大发电机和传动装置区域中的压力。通过使干燥空气流出而在内部形成高压，从而可防止通过外部高压渗入的任何盐粒在内部中形成润滑薄膜。
风力设备的其它中空构件也可用这种方式来设置成加压状态。
不利用电源来运行的装置、例如形成动压气流进气口和/或形成抽吸真空出气口将以极可靠的方式工作，而不会带来较大的附加成本。
通过以下结合附图对一较佳实施例的描述可了解本发明进一步的优点，图1示出了一种风力设备的示意性侧视图，其中塔柱部分被剖开。
用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入位于图1中所示的风力设备的塔柱中的发电机和传动装置区域的装置基本包括位于塔柱的较高区域中的下风侧上、即位于发电机和传动装置附近的进气口10，该进气口与位于塔柱内部的沉淀或沉积软管12相连接，这些软管有利地终止于下部区域中的沉淀或沉积槽14。为便于排出任何渗入的水，该沉积槽较佳地位于水面之上。
塔柱下部22固定在海床24上，并通过水层26伸出。自沉积槽向上至少存在有另一根沉积软管，它将干燥空气有利地通过另一个过滤装置16和压缩机18引入到过压区域、即发电机和传动装置区域20中。
这样就能将长长的垂直通道中的微粒有利地收集在沉积槽14中，而只有极少量的微粒(倘若确实还是存在的话)才会进入到过滤装置16中。
倘若形成动压气流进气口10和/或形成吸压出气口在将空气引入到发电机和传动装置区域20的过程中形成引入压差的话，则可省去压缩机18。
为了确保该区域过压，还可设置一真空套壳或外壳。这种过压可确保不会有盐粒或水分通过通道等渗入传动装置-发电机区域20，而会在该区域中形成外皮(crust)，倘若这些盐粒或水分更多地沉积在齿轮上的话，则会导致齿轮过早地磨损，尤其会缩短维修保养周期。

Claims (14)

1.用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入风力设备的发电机和传动装置区域的装置，其特征在于，
-气压发生器将过压状态下的空气引入到所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)的至少一个基本封闭的部分中，以及
-沿气流方向连接于所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)的上游的过滤装置(16)使水分和盐粒与要籍由所述气压发生器引入到所述区域中的空气相分离。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述气压发生器是压缩机(18)，在其上游连接有所述过滤装置(16)。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，进气口(10)位于下风侧、所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)的附近。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述过滤装置(16)是湍流腔。
5.如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述过滤装置(16)是湍流腔。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述过滤装置(16)被构成为一种具有大致垂直地置于塔柱内部的长沉积软管的沉积装置。
7.如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述过滤装置(16)被构成为一种具有大致垂直地置于塔柱内部的长沉积软管的沉积装置。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，监视所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)中的气压、并调节所述气压发生器的负荷量的气压传感器。
9.如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，监视所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)中的气压、并调节所述气压发生器的负荷量的气压传感器。
10.如权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，监视所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)中的气压、并调节所述气压发生器的负荷量的气压传感器。
11.如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，监视所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)中的气压、并调节所述气压发生器的负荷量的气压传感器。
12.如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，监视所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)中的气压、并调节所述气压发生器的负荷量的气压传感器。
13.如权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，监视所述发电机和传动装置区域(20)中的气压、并调节所述气压发生器的负荷量的气压传感器。
14.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述气压发生器是至少一个用于形成引入压差的、形成动压气流进气口和/或形成抽吸真空出气口。
CN99813540A 1998-12-23 1999-12-10 用于防止具有腐蚀作用的盐粒渗入海上风力设备的装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1096564C (zh)

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EP0811764A1 (de) * 1996-06-03 1997-12-10 aerodyn Energiesysteme GmbH Getriebe-Generator-Kombination für Windkraftanlage

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PT1141544E (pt) 2003-02-28
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ES2180343T3 (es) 2003-02-01
WO2000039459A1 (de) 2000-07-06
AU2428100A (en) 2000-07-31
CN1326535A (zh) 2001-12-12
JP4425474B2 (ja) 2010-03-03
EP1141544A1 (de) 2001-10-10
US6439832B1 (en) 2002-08-27
EP1141544B1 (de) 2002-09-25
DK1141544T3 (da) 2003-01-06

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