CN109601224A - A kind of cultural method of peach - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of peach Download PDFInfo
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- CN109601224A CN109601224A CN201910000234.9A CN201910000234A CN109601224A CN 109601224 A CN109601224 A CN 109601224A CN 201910000234 A CN201910000234 A CN 201910000234A CN 109601224 A CN109601224 A CN 109601224A
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- peach
- plant
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods of peach, including addressing, site preparation, field planting, fertilizing management, tree body management, flower and fruit management, cultural method of the present invention passes through the selection of the selection environment to field and the processing turned over to garden soil, so that gardens are suitable for the plantation of peach, the fertile degree of garden soil is improved, guarantees that peach grows the demand to nitrogen, three kinds of phosphorus, potassium elements；The growth for promoting peach sapling improves peach quality, and then improves the yield of peach, improves the quality of peach；The fertilizer and water management that science is combined to the selection of nursery stock kind before planting not only improves the survival rate of peach sapling, and growth of seedling is healthy and strong, lays a good foundation to tie flower result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a kind of cultural method of peach.
Background technique
Peach, rosaceae, peach family plant seed.Belong to spherical edible fruits, there are the function such as skin makeup, clearing stomach, moistening lung, eliminating the phlegm
Effect.Its protein content doubles than apple, grape, more seven times higher than pear, and the content of iron is more than pear three times more than apple
Five times, it is rich in multivitamin, wherein vitamin C highest.Peach fruit is in nutritive value with higher and medical value
Meanwhile also there is preferable and ornamental value, in addition peach is of less demanding to conditions such as temperature, soil environment, moisture, therefore have
It is high can implanting, have the planting range of large area in China, but since the arrangement of traditional cultivation method is unreasonable, lead
Cause peach yield lower, it is difficult to meet existing market to the great demand of peach, hinder peach in the popularization and development in China.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of peach, the present invention takes structuring real the plantation of peach
It applies, combines the fertilizer and water management of science to the process that maturation is yielded positive results under peach sapling kind, meet the nutrition need of peach growth
It asks, guarantees the yield of peach, mouthfeel sugariness.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of cultural method of peach, which comprises the following steps:
(1) addressing: height above sea level 450-800 meters of selection, topography is flat, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous and draining is good, and the gradient exists
Mound hillock between 5-15 ° is field；
(2) site preparation: after quick lime, plant ash, moss soil and attapulgite are mixed in the ratio of 9:4:3:1, it is sprinkling upon soil
180-240kg per acre on earth；Spraying insecticide simultaneously makes soil moisture content be maintained at 45-55%, Surface mulch plastic film,
Sealing thermal insulation, sunning are opened ventilative after 3-5 days；
(3) it is colonized: excavating planting pit, cave depth 50-60cm, the circle of diameter 50-60cm by line space 3-5m, spacing in the rows 3-5m
Shape, every cave organic fertilizer 5-8kg organic fertilizer make base manure, then backfill planting pit, sprinkle profoundly water；Peach seedling is chosen, and by peach seedling
Root system be immersed in 15-20min in taking root liquid, then impregnate 5-8min with lime sulfur complete stool, then transplanted and handled well
Planting pit in, and 10-20cm is covered using soil after the completion of plantation, and along carrying out compression processing around cave, then use field
Mud is covered on base surface 1-2cm thickness；
(4) fertilizing management: plantation the 1st year is that instant nitrogenousfertilizer is applied in 5-7 month every cave, applies 0.3kg for every plant and dig cave application；
Before blooming every year, top dressing the 1st time when early spring root comes into play；2nd top dressing is before stone；Knot before falling leaves in 11-12 month every year
The every hole basal dressing of ploughing soil and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are closed, ploughed depth is in 20-30cm；Third year is previous in peach maturation
A month, with spade, four points applied phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer around every peach, and every plant is applied 0.5kg；
(5) tree body management: control peach height is in 2-3m, crown diameter length 5-7m；Select cup-shaped tree-like, in order to pick；
1st Nian Sheng seedling after kind heading height 60cm or so length limb be trunk, the 2nd year trunk 40-60cm at selection
Three azimuth distributions make sublateral shoot uniformly as major branch, side shoot are formed straggly, at 120 ° or so between three scaffold limbs
Major branch and mobile jib angle are maintained at 40-50 ° or so, and the distance between major branch is maintained at 10-15cm or so；2-3 is stayed on every major branch
Branch side shoot；Growth period pinching promotees the tip, and Spindling control branch adds lustre in conjunction with pruning technique density；By the long Tipping to 50-60cm
Inspire side shoot, 1 year cutting back trunk of novel species, stay 3-4 young sprout as major branch；The every major branch of elite stand that the above cutting back of life in 2 years updates
Stay 2 young sprouts as update major branch；
(6) flower and fruit management: it is 300-500 times of liquid of 15% paclobutrazol and 0.2% that concentration is used before Cheng Huaqian and physiological fallen fruit
The mixed liquor of potassium dihydrogen phosphate promotees flower, and every plant is applied 5L；Bud stage spray concentration is 5mg/L 2, and 4- butyl ester and concentration are 0.15%
The mixed liquor of borax, every plant is applied 4L, and spray in bloom stage concentration is 20mg/L gibberellin and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor, and every plant
Apply 3L；Thanking florescence, physiological fallen fruit phase using concentration is 50mg/L gibberellin and green fragrant prestige mixed liquor, and every plant is applied 3L.
The problem of selection of peach sapling kind should be noted that is variety problem, the growth that each Peach cultivars have its exclusive
Characteristic and requirement to environmental condition, only under optimum environmental condition, merit just can be expressed adequately,
Suitable kind should be selected according to the natural environmental condition of planting site, accomplishes suitable planting, generate greatest benefit, or according to kind
Requirement to environmental condition selects suitable cultural area.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: cultural method of the present invention is by the selection of the selection environment to field and to field soil
The processing that earth is turned over improves the fertile degree of garden soil so that gardens are suitable for the plantation of peach, guarantees peach growth pair
The demand of nitrogen, three kinds of phosphorus, potassium elements；The growth for promoting peach sapling improves peach quality, and then improves the production of peach
Measure, improve the quality of peach；The fertilizer and water management that science is combined to the selection of nursery stock kind before planting, not only improves peach sapling
Survival rate, growth of seedling is healthy and strong, lays a good foundation to tie flower result.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment, but technical solution provided by the invention
It not only include the content showed in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) addressing: height above sea level 600-800 meters of selection, topography is flat, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous and draining is good, and the gradient exists
Mound hillock between 5-15 ° is field, mound hillock content of organic matter 60-70%, salt content 0.1-0.15%, pH 5.5-
6.5；
(2) site preparation: after quick lime, plant ash, moss soil and attapulgite are mixed in the ratio of 9:4:3:1, it is sprinkling upon soil
220kg per acre on earth；Spraying insecticide simultaneously makes soil moisture content be maintained at 45-55%, Surface mulch plastic film, sealing
Heat preservation, sunning are opened ventilative after 3-5 days；
(3) it is colonized: excavating planting pit, cave depth 50-60cm, the circle of diameter 50-60cm by line space 3-5m, spacing in the rows 3-5m
Shape, every cave organic fertilizer 8kg organic fertilizer make base manure, then backfill planting pit, sprinkle profoundly water；Peach seedling is chosen, and by peach seedling
Root system is immersed in 18min in taking root liquid, then impregnates 5min with lime sulfur complete stool, is then transplanted in the planting pit handled well
In, when peach Seeding planting, guarantee peach seedling root system from fertilizer layer 10-20cm, avoids burning root；And soil is used after the completion of plantation
Cover 10-20cm, and along carrying out compression processing around cave, then be covered on base surface 1-2cm thickness with field mud；
Organic fertilizer is made of following raw material according to weight crushing: 28 parts of agricultural crop straw, 12 parts of chicken manure, earthworm dung
2 parts, 1 part of conch meal, 15 parts of leaf mould, 4 parts of modified coal slag, 24 parts of river sand, 7 parts of plant ash；
(4) fertilizing management: plantation the 1st year is that instant nitrogenousfertilizer is applied in 5-7 month every cave, applies 0.3kg for every plant and dig cave application；
Before blooming every year, top dressing the 1st time when early spring root comes into play；2nd top dressing is before stone；Knot before falling leaves in 11-12 month every year
The every hole basal dressing of ploughing soil and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are closed, ploughed depth is in 20-30cm；Third year is previous in peach maturation
A month, with spade, four points applied phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer around every peach, and every plant is applied 0.5kg；
(5) tree body management: control peach height is in 2-3m, crown diameter length 5-7m；Select cup-shaped tree-like, in order to pick；
1st Nian Sheng seedling after kind heading height 60cm or so length limb be trunk, the 2nd year trunk 40-60cm at selection
Three azimuth distributions make sublateral shoot uniformly as major branch, side shoot are formed straggly, at 120 ° or so between three scaffold limbs
Major branch and mobile jib angle are maintained at 40-50 ° or so, and the distance between major branch is maintained at 10-15cm or so；2-3 is stayed on every major branch
Branch side shoot；Growth period pinching promotees the tip, and Spindling control branch adds lustre in conjunction with pruning technique density；By the long Tipping to 50-60cm
Inspire side shoot, 1 year cutting back trunk of novel species, stay 3-4 young sprout as major branch；The every major branch of elite stand that the above cutting back of life in 2 years updates
Stay 2 young sprouts as update major branch；
(6) flower and fruit management: it is 300-500 times of liquid of 15% paclobutrazol and 0.2% that concentration is used before Cheng Huaqian and physiological fallen fruit
The mixed liquor of potassium dihydrogen phosphate promotees flower, and every plant is applied 5L；Bud stage spray concentration is 5mg/L 2, and 4- butyl ester and concentration are 0.15%
The mixed liquor of borax, every plant is applied 4L, and spray in bloom stage concentration is 20mg/L gibberellin and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor, and every plant
Apply 3L；Thanking florescence, physiological fallen fruit phase using concentration is 50mg/L gibberellin and green fragrant prestige mixed liquor, and every plant is applied 3L.
Embodiment 2
(1) addressing: height above sea level 500-600 meters of selection, topography is flat, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous and draining is good, and the gradient exists
Mound hillock between 5-15 ° is field, mound hillock content of organic matter 60-70%, salt content 0.1-0.15%, pH 5.5-
6.5；
(2) site preparation: after quick lime, plant ash, moss soil and attapulgite are mixed in the ratio of 9:4:3:1, it is sprinkling upon soil
200kg per acre on earth；Spraying insecticide simultaneously makes soil moisture content be maintained at 45-55%, Surface mulch plastic film, sealing
Heat preservation, sunning are opened ventilative after 3-5 days；
(3) it is colonized: excavating planting pit, cave depth 50-60cm, the circle of diameter 50-60cm by line space 3-5m, spacing in the rows 3-5m
Shape, every cave organic fertilizer 6kg organic fertilizer make base manure, then backfill planting pit, sprinkle profoundly water；Peach seedling is chosen, and by peach seedling
Root system is immersed in 20min in taking root liquid, then impregnates 6min with lime sulfur complete stool, is then transplanted in the planting pit handled well
In, when peach Seeding planting, guarantee peach seedling root system from fertilizer layer 10-20cm, avoids burning root；And soil is used after the completion of plantation
Cover 10-20cm, and along carrying out compression processing around cave, then be covered on base surface 1-2cm thickness with field mud；
Organic fertilizer is made of following raw material according to weight crushing: 24 parts of agricultural crop straw, 11 parts of chicken manure, earthworm dung
2 parts, 2 parts of conch meal, 15 parts of leaf mould, 6 parts of modified coal slag, 22 parts of river sand, 7 parts of plant ash；
(4) fertilizing management: plantation the 1st year is that instant nitrogenousfertilizer is applied in 5-7 month every cave, applies 0.3kg for every plant and dig cave application；
Before blooming every year, top dressing the 1st time when early spring root comes into play；2nd top dressing is before stone；Knot before falling leaves in 11-12 month every year
The every hole basal dressing of ploughing soil and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are closed, ploughed depth is in 20-30cm；Third year is previous in peach maturation
A month, with spade, four points applied phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer around every peach, and every plant is applied 0.5kg；
(5) tree body management: control peach height is in 2-3m, crown diameter length 5-7m；Select cup-shaped tree-like, in order to pick；
1st Nian Sheng seedling after kind heading height 60cm or so length limb be trunk, the 2nd year trunk 40-60cm at selection
Three azimuth distributions make sublateral shoot uniformly as major branch, side shoot are formed straggly, at 120 ° or so between three scaffold limbs
Major branch and mobile jib angle are maintained at 40-50 ° or so, and the distance between major branch is maintained at 10-15cm or so；2-3 is stayed on every major branch
Branch side shoot；Growth period pinching promotees the tip, and Spindling control branch adds lustre in conjunction with pruning technique density；By the long Tipping to 50-60cm
Inspire side shoot, 1 year cutting back trunk of novel species, stay 3-4 young sprout as major branch；The every major branch of elite stand that the above cutting back of life in 2 years updates
Stay 2 young sprouts as update major branch；
(6) flower and fruit management: it is 300-500 times of liquid of 15% paclobutrazol and 0.2% that concentration is used before Cheng Huaqian and physiological fallen fruit
The mixed liquor of potassium dihydrogen phosphate promotees flower, and every plant is applied 5L；Bud stage spray concentration is 5mg/L 2, and 4- butyl ester and concentration are 0.15%
The mixed liquor of borax, every plant is applied 4L, and spray in bloom stage concentration is 20mg/L gibberellin and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor, and every plant
Apply 3L；Thanking florescence, physiological fallen fruit phase using concentration is 50mg/L gibberellin and green fragrant prestige mixed liquor, and every plant is applied 3L.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cultural method of peach, which comprises the following steps:
(1) addressing: height above sea level 450-800 meters of selection, topography is flat, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous and draining is good, and the gradient is in 5-
Mound hillock between 15 ° is field；
(2) it site preparation: after quick lime, plant ash, moss soil and attapulgite are mixed in the ratio of 9:4:3:1, is sprinkling upon on soil
180-240kg per acre；Spraying insecticide simultaneously makes soil moisture content be maintained at 45-55%, Surface mulch plastic film, sealing
Heat preservation, sunning are opened ventilative after 3-5 days；
(3) be colonized: by line space 3-5m, spacing in the rows 3-5m excavate planting pit, cave depth 50-60cm, the circle of diameter 50-60cm, often
Cave organic fertilizer 5-8kg organic fertilizer makees base manure, then backfills planting pit, sprinkles profoundly water；Peach seedling is chosen, and by the root system of peach seedling
It is immersed in 15-20min in taking root liquid, then impregnates 5-8min with lime sulfur complete stool, is then transplanted in the field planting handled well
In cave, and 10-20cm is covered using soil after the completion of plantation, and along carrying out compression processing around cave, then with the covering of field mud
On base surface, 1-2cm is thick；
(4) fertilizing management: plantation the 1st year is that instant nitrogenousfertilizer is applied in 5-7 month every cave, applies 0.3kg for every plant and dig cave application；Every year
Before blooming, top dressing the 1st time when early spring root comes into play；2nd top dressing is before stone；Soil is combined before falling leaves in 11-12 month every year
Every hole basal dressing and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are turned in ground, and ploughed depth is in 20-30cm；Third year is previous in peach maturation
Month, with spade, four points apply phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer around every peach, and every plant is applied 0.5kg；
(5) tree body management: control peach height is in 2-3m, crown diameter length 5-7m；Select cup-shaped tree-like, in order to pick；1st year
In raw seedling, heading height in the limb of 60cm or so length is trunk, the 2nd year three sides of selection trunk 40-60cm at after kind
Bit distribution makees sublateral shoot uniformly as major branch, side shoot is formed straggly, between three scaffold limbs 120 ° or so major branches with
Mobile jib angle is maintained at 40-50 ° or so, and the distance between major branch is maintained at 10-15cm or so；2-3 side shoots are stayed on every major branch；
Growth period pinching promotees the tip, and Spindling control branch adds lustre in conjunction with pruning technique density；The long Tipping to 50-60cm is inspired into side
Branch, 1 year cutting back trunk of novel species, stay 3-4 young sprout as major branch；The every major branch of elite stand that the above cutting back of life in 2 years updates stay 2 it is new
The tip is as update major branch；
(6) flower and fruit management: it is 300-500 times of liquid of 15% paclobutrazol and 0.2% phosphoric acid that concentration is used before Cheng Huaqian and physiological fallen fruit
The mixed liquor of potassium dihydrogen promotees flower, and every plant is applied 5L；Bud stage spray concentration is 5mg/L 2, and 4- butyl ester and concentration are 0.15% borax
Mixed liquor, every plant is applied 4L, and spray in bloom stage concentration is 20mg/L gibberellin and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor, and every plant is applied 3L；
Thanking florescence, physiological fallen fruit phase using concentration is 50mg/L gibberellin and green fragrant prestige mixed liquor, and every plant is applied 3L.
2. the cultural method of peach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) described organic fertilizer is by following original
Material is made according to weight crushing: 20-30 parts of agricultural crop straw, 10-12 parts of chicken manure, 2-4 parts of earthworm dung, conch meal 1-2
Part, 13-15 parts of leaf mould, 4-6 parts of modified coal slag, 20-24 parts of river sand, 5-7 parts of plant ash.
3. the cultural method of peach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mound hillock content of organic matter 60-
70%, salt content 0.1-0.15%, pH 5.5-6.5.
4. the cultural method of peach according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when peach Seeding planting, guarantee peach seedling root
It is to avoid burning root from fertilizer layer 10-20cm.
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| CN201910000234.9A CN109601224A (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2019-01-04 | A kind of cultural method of peach |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110214619A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 武汉宋桃农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods that can improve peach yield |
| CN110402740A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 合肥市都宝利农业科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of peach |
| CN111328615A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 山东康顿生态农业有限公司 | Method for constructing stable tree body structure of mountain peach orchard |
| CN115226555A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 桐乡市梧桐操杰种植农场 | Planting method for increasing yield of peach trees |
| CN115299285A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-08 | 湖北七仙红园区管理服务有限公司 | High-yield high-efficiency high-ridge thin planting cultivation method capable of saving fertilizer, water and pesticide for peach orchard |
-
2019
- 2019-01-04 CN CN201910000234.9A patent/CN109601224A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110214619A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 武汉宋桃农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods that can improve peach yield |
| CN110402740A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 合肥市都宝利农业科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of peach |
| CN111328615A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 山东康顿生态农业有限公司 | Method for constructing stable tree body structure of mountain peach orchard |
| CN115226555A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 桐乡市梧桐操杰种植农场 | Planting method for increasing yield of peach trees |
| CN115299285A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-08 | 湖北七仙红园区管理服务有限公司 | High-yield high-efficiency high-ridge thin planting cultivation method capable of saving fertilizer, water and pesticide for peach orchard |
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Application publication date: 20190412 |