CN109566541B - Preparation method and application of oviposition medium of orius mirificus - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of oviposition medium of orius mirificus Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566541B CN109566541B CN201811543308.5A CN201811543308A CN109566541B CN 109566541 B CN109566541 B CN 109566541B CN 201811543308 A CN201811543308 A CN 201811543308A CN 109566541 B CN109566541 B CN 109566541B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a stink bug south-south egg laying medium, belonging to the technical field of insect feeding, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) transversely cutting the whole root of kidney bean pod to obtain a pod tip; 2) melting the solid paraffin to obtain liquid paraffin; 3) immersing the cut of the pod tip in the step 1) into the liquid paraffin in the step 2), sealing, and cooling to obtain a spawning medium of the orius similis; there is no chronological definition between the step 1) and the step 2). The oviposition medium for the orius pollidii prepared by the invention has good fresh-keeping effect, does not cause adverse effects on the quality and hatching rate of eggs, and more importantly, can improve the oviposition amount of the orius pollidii.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insect feeding, in particular to a preparation method and application of a stink bug south-breeding medium.
Background
The Orius miniatus Orius similis (zheng) is a dominant species in southern areas of China, has strong predatory capability, has obvious control effect on thrips, aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, leafhoppers, lepidoptera pest eggs and newly hatched larvae, and is a predatory natural enemy with wide application prospect. The orius miniatus is characterized in that eggs are laid in tissues of fresh and tender parts of plants, and materials such as new buds, tender leaves and buds of melons, beans and the like can be used as egg laying substrates of adults during feeding.
At present, a great deal of research on the selection of the oviposition substrate of the orius minutus exists at home and abroad. For example, Murai (Murai T, Narai Y, Sureura N.2001.utilization of the mature branched bean seeds as an ovisionation substrate in the mass retrieval of the predator bug, Orius sauterium (Poppius) (Heteroptera: Anthosporidae), apple Entomol Zool 36: 489. 495.) found by selective and non-selective tests that soybean stalks are more suitable for oviposition by Ornithodoma latus (O.sauteri), Lundgren and Fergen (Lundgren JG, Fergen JK.2006.the hybridization tester of the daius insect precursors: ace and prediction for plants, Controlation 217. 51. the selective and non-selective tests for soybean sprouts, soybean stems, soybean hulls, soybean stems, and soybean stems, etc., are found to selective, for selective and soybean stems, for selective tests, for soybean stems, for selective tests, for soybean stems, for soybean stems, for selective tests, soybean stems, etc., for selective tests, for soybean stems, for soybean stems, for selective tests, soybean stems, soybean; guojiangying and Wanfanghai (Guojiangying, Wanfanghao. 2001. an egg-laying plant suitable for breeding Oriulus similis, Shousihua. Chinese biocontrol, 17(2):53-56.) tested the egg-laying selectivity of Oriulus similis to soybean sprouts, Shousihua, etc., and found that Saiucaihua is its better egg-laying substrate, Zhang Shi, etc. (Zhang Shi, Zhongxing sprout, Wang Xiaoping, Lei Dynasty, Lei's luck. the egg-laying selectivity of Oriulus similis to host plants and the preservation conditions of their eggs. insect knowledge 2008, 600-. Furthermore, Zhongxing plantlet and the like have applied winter jasmine twigs to mass rearing of orius minutus indoors (application No.: CN201510397419. X). Zhengli et al proposed a method for raising orius minutus in east Asia, in which kidney bean pods were used as the main spawning substrate (application No.: 201620176955.7).
A large number of researches show that the kidney bean pods are also very suitable for the oviposition of the orius micus, have advantages in material taking and fresh keeping, have more than 80 percent of egg hatching rate and are an inexhaustible oviposition medium plant, but also have the defects in several aspects: 1) the size of the bean pods (the length is about 20cm, the width is about 2cm) is larger than that of other oviposition medium plants, the number of materials for the orius similis to oviposit in a limited space is small, and if the bean pods are excessively placed, parts for the orius similis to oviposit are invisibly lost due to the mutual overlapping of the bean pods; 2) the nymphs are easily killed in the turning process due to the size of the eggplants in the later-stage insect breeding process; 3) in cold storage, the size of the pods also causes inconvenience in space storage, and if eggs are used as products, the later packaging and transportation are also affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a stink bug oviposition medium, and the oviposition amount of the stink bug can be obviously improved by using the oviposition medium.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a stink bug south China stink bug spawning medium, which comprises the following steps:
1) transversely cutting the whole root of kidney bean pod to obtain a pod tip;
2) melting the solid paraffin to obtain liquid paraffin;
3) immersing the cut of the pod tip in the step 1) into the liquid paraffin in the step 2), sealing, and cooling to obtain a spawning medium of the orius similis;
there is no chronological definition between the step 1) and the step 2).
Preferably, before the step 1), the method further comprises the steps of washing and drying the whole kidney bean pods.
Preferably, the transverse cutting position in the step 1) is near the pod tips 1/5-1/3.
Preferably, the angle of the transverse cutting in the step 1) is 30-60 degrees.
Preferably, the time for immersing the incision at the pod tip in the liquid paraffin in the step 3) is 0.5-1.5 s.
Preferably, the cooling temperature in the step 3) is 20-25 ℃.
Preferably, the time for melting the solid paraffin in the step 2) is 80-90 s; the melting temperature of the solid paraffin is 70-90 ℃.
The invention provides a stink bug south stink bug laying medium prepared by the preparation method in the scheme.
The invention provides an application of the oviposition medium for the orius pollidii in the scheme in the oviposition of the orius pollidii, which comprises the following steps: and (3) flatly paving the oviposition medium of the orius pollidii in the open container, putting the orius pollidii in a female-male pairing mode, sealing with gauze, and culturing to obtain the orius pollidii eggs.
Preferably, the temperature of the culture is 25-30 ℃; the humidity of the culture is 60-80%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a preparation method and application of a stink bug south-south laying medium, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) transversely cutting the whole root of kidney bean pod to obtain a pod tip; 2) melting the solid paraffin to obtain liquid paraffin; 3) immersing the cut of the pod tip in the step 1) into the liquid paraffin in the step 2), sealing, and cooling to obtain a spawning medium of the orius similis; there is no chronological definition between the step 1) and the step 2). The oviposition medium for the orius pollidii prepared by the invention has good fresh-keeping effect, does not cause adverse effects on the quality and hatching rate of eggs, and more importantly, can improve the oviposition amount of the orius pollidii. Experiments prove that the oviposition medium of the orius pollidii and the whole pod are respectively used as the oviposition medium of the orius pollidii, and the obtaining efficiency of the daily egg laying amount of the orius pollidii is 1.5 times that of the orius pollidii.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram of the location of whole kidney bean pods, where M denotes the middle of the pod; t represents the pod tip; h represents a pod head; s represents a pod surface; g represents pod seams;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the tip of a kidney bean pod;
FIG. 3 is a medium for oviposition of orius minutus.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a stink bug south China stink bug spawning medium, which comprises the following steps:
1) transversely cutting the whole root of kidney bean pod to obtain a pod tip;
2) melting the solid paraffin to obtain liquid paraffin;
3) immersing the cut of the pod tip in the step 1) into the liquid paraffin in the step 2), sealing, and cooling to obtain a spawning medium of the orius similis;
there is no chronological definition between the step 1) and the step 2).
In the invention, the distribution of the whole root of kidney bean pods is shown in figure 1, wherein M represents the middle part of the bean pods; t represents the pod tip; h represents a pod head; s represents a pod surface; g represents pod seams.
Before transversely cutting the whole kidney bean pods, the whole kidney bean pods are preferably cleaned and air-dried; the kidney bean pods are preferably pods with no damage to the surface and complete bean tips; the kidney bean pods are commercially available; the kidney bean pods of the present invention are not particularly limited in length and width.
In the invention, the cleaning mode is preferably rinsing firstly and then washing; the rinsing agent is preferably liquid detergent; the volume ratio of the liquid detergent to the water in the liquid detergent is preferably 0.1-0.2: 1500-2500, and more preferably 0.15: 2000; the invention has no special requirement on the brand of the liquid detergent; the rinsing time is preferably 20-40 s, and more preferably 30 s; the rinsing agent is preferably water; the flushing time is preferably 10-25 s, and more preferably 15-20 s. In the invention, the cleaning function is to wash away the chemical agent remained on the surfaces of the bean pods.
In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 20-30 ℃, and more preferably 25-28 ℃; the drying time is preferably 20-40 min, more preferably 25-35 min, and most preferably 30 min; the drying mode is preferably air drying, more preferably, the cleaned bean pods are spread on filter paper, and water drops on the surfaces of the bean pods are wiped off by absorbent paper towels to be air dried; the air drying equipment is preferably an electric fan, more preferably a desk fan; the power of the electric fan is preferably 30-50 w, and more preferably 40 w; the number of the electric fans is preferably 2; the electric fans are preferably arranged on two sides of the bean pods in opposite directions; the blowing position of the electric fan is preferably a pod gap. In the invention, the drying function is to ensure that the pod gap is dry.
In the specific implementation process of the invention, the electric fan is preferably purchased from a American mechanical desk fan (300mm, 40 watts); during the treatment, the largest gear of the electric fan is preferably selected for blowing.
After cleaning and drying the whole kidney bean pod, transversely cutting the whole kidney bean pod to obtain a pod tip; the transverse cutting position is preferably close to 1/5-1/3 of pod tips, and is more preferably close to 1/4 of pod tips; in the specific implementation process of the invention, the transverse cutting position is located at a position where the bean tip profile bends and is straight and inward for 2-3 cm, in detail, see the position pointed by an arrow in a diagram at the tip of a kidney bean pod in fig. 2; the transverse cutting angle is preferably 30-60 degrees, more preferably 40-50 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees; the transecting tool is preferably a scalpel, more preferably a sterilized scalpel.
In the invention, the transverse cutting position is preferably 1/5-1/3 close to the pod tip, so that the pod tip is obtained, and the oviposition of the orius similis is facilitated.
The reason for selecting the bean pod tips is that the southern orius bugus prefers to lay eggs at the bean pod seams and the bean pod tips, and the egg laying amount of the bean pod tips accounts for more than 50% of the egg laying amount of the whole root of the kidney bean pod. Therefore, the spawning medium of the orius similis is prepared from the tips of the kidney bean pods, and compared with the whole kidney bean pods, the number of the spawning medium of the orius similis in a limited space can be increased, and meanwhile, the efficient utilization of the kidney bean pods can be realized.
In the invention, the transverse cutting angle is preferably 30-60 degrees, so that the subsequent sealing step is facilitated to be evenly waxed and tightly sealed.
In the invention, solid paraffin is melted to obtain liquid paraffin; the melting time of the solid paraffin is preferably 80-90 s, and more preferably 85 s; the melting temperature of the solid paraffin is preferably 70-90 ℃, and more preferably 80 ℃; the melting mode is preferably to put the solid paraffin into water for heating and melting in water bath, and more preferably to heat and melt in water bath under the stirring condition; the water is preferably distilled water; the mass of the solid paraffin and the area of the water surface are preferably in a proportion of 4-10 g: 90-120 cm2More preferably 5 to 8 g: 100-110 cm2. In the specific implementation process of the invention, the solid paraffin melting vessel is preferably a beaker, more preferably a glass beaker; the specification of the beaker is preferably 1L;the caliber of the beaker is preferably 12 cm; the paraffin wax is preferably paraffin wax particles; the particle size of the particles is preferably 3-4 mm; the total mass of the solid paraffin is preferably 4-6 g, and more preferably 5 g.
In the invention, the ratio of the mass of the solid paraffin to the area of the water surface is set to be 4-10 g: 90-120 cm2The device is beneficial to evenly waxing and tightly sealing the cut at the pod tip, and can avoid the waste caused by excessive paraffin and the invasion of too many pod gaps by the paraffin.
After a pod tip and liquid paraffin are obtained, immersing a cut of the pod tip into the liquid paraffin, sealing, and cooling to obtain a spawning medium of the orius miri; the time for immersing the incision at the pod tip into the liquid paraffin is preferably 0.5-1.5 s, and more preferably 1 s; the immersion angle of the pod tip is preferably vertical immersion; the cooling temperature is preferably 20-25 ℃, and more preferably 22-24 ℃; the cooling is preferably carried out by immersing the glass in distilled water.
In the invention, the sealing is used for wrapping the pod cut to prevent the infection and water loss of the pod tip and play a role in preserving the pod tip.
The invention provides a stink bug south tiny flower stink bug oviposition medium prepared by the preparation method in the scheme; the oviposition medium of the orius mirificus is shown in figure 3.
The invention provides an application of the oviposition medium for the orius pollidii in the scheme in the oviposition of the orius pollidii, which comprises the following steps: spreading the oviposition medium of the orius pollidii in the scheme in an open container, putting the orius pollidii in a female-male matched mode, sealing with gauze, and culturing to obtain the orius pollidii eggs; the culture temperature is preferably 25-30 ℃, more preferably 26-28 ℃, and most preferably 27 ℃; the humidity of the culture is preferably 60 to 80%, more preferably 65 to 75%, and most preferably 70%; the preferable photoperiod (L: D) of the culture is 12-16: 8-12, and more preferably 14: 10. The invention has no special requirement on the placing position of the orius pollidii, and the orius pollidii can automatically lay eggs at the pod tips.
In the present invention, the open container is preferably placed with the opening inclined upward; the inclined upward angle is preferably 40-50 degrees, and more preferably 45 degrees; the open container is preferably a transparent glass container; the volume of the glass container is preferably 4-5 dm3Most preferably 4.5dm3(ii) a The cross section of the glass container is preferably 2.5-3.5 dm2Most preferably 3dm2(ii) a The aperture of the opening of the glass container is preferably 10-15 cm, and more preferably 12-14 cm; the number of the layers of the gauze is preferably 1-2; the aperture of the gauze is preferably 60-100 meshes, and more preferably 70-80 meshes; the gauze functions to prevent the orius pollidipennis from escaping from the container.
In the practice of the present invention, the open container is preferably purchased from Shandong Chunfeng glass (4.5 cubic decimeter capacity, beveled storage glass jar).
The preparation method and application of the oviposition medium for orius pollicis provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but the preparation method and the application are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1 preparation method of oviposition medium for orius minutus
1. Kidney bean pod cleaning method
Selecting kidney bean pods with undamaged surfaces and complete bean tips, placing the kidney bean pods in 2L of clear water, adding 0.15mL of detergent, rinsing, holding the kidney bean pods tightly in the water, repeatedly washing the kidney bean pods for 30s up and down, and washing the kidney bean pods under tap water for 15s after completely lifting the kidney bean pods. This process is intended to wash away the chemical agent remaining on the surface of the pod.
2. Drying the washed kidney bean pod
The washed pods are paved on filter paper one by one, water drops on the pods are lightly wiped by using a water absorption paper towel, then the two sides of the pods are blown by using an electric fan, and the pod gap position needs to be aligned to the wind direction to ensure that the pod gap position is dry and comfortable, the blowing time is 30min, and the temperature is 28 ℃.
3. Cutting pod tips
A sterilized scalpel was prepared and the pod was transected using the scalpel at 1/4 near the pod tip at a 45 ° angle to obtain the pod tip.
4. Waxing the incision
Adding 700mL of distilled water into a 1000mL glass beaker, weighing 5g of granular solid wax, and putting the granular solid wax into the beaker; then the whole beaker is placed into a digital display constant temperature water bath kettle, the temperature is set to be 75 ℃, when the temperature is close to the set temperature, a glass rod can be used for stirring clockwise in the beaker (60rpm), and the paraffin in the beaker is observed to be completely melted (90 s). Taking the cut bean tip part, enabling the cut part to face downwards, vertically and quickly entering a wax layer floating on the water surface, then quickly taking out, finishing the process that beans enter and exit the water surface for 1s, and then putting the cut with the wax into cold distilled water (24 ℃) in the same way, so that the wax can be quickly condensed, tightly wrapping the cut, and obtaining the oviposition medium of the orius similis.
Example 2 verification of preservation of oviposition media of orius mirificus of example 1
Placing the prepared oviposition medium of the orius mirificus and equal amount of pod tips and whole pods under the environment conditions of 27 +/-1 ℃ and 70 +/-5% humidity, observing the oviposition medium of the orius mirificus and the fresh-keeping condition of the whole pods, and repeating each treatment for 10 times. See table 1 for comparative results showing: the oviposition medium in example 1 was substantially similar to the preservation of whole kidney bean pods.
TABLE 1 preservation of oviposition media, pod tips and whole pods from Orchis mirificus
Example 3 Effect of the Ottelia liriosa oviposition medium of example 1 on the hatchability of insect eggs
The stinkbug eggs obtained by using the oviposition medium of the stinkbug and the whole pod as the oviposition medium of example 1 were incubated, and the hatchability (temperature of 27 + -1 deg.C, humidity of 70 + -5%) was observed for 15 repetitions of each treatment. The results are shown in table 2, showing: the oviposition medium of the orius mirificus in the example 1 and the whole root of bean pod are used as oviposition medium, the obtained insect eggs have no obvious difference in hatching time, the eggs are basically and completely hatched in 7 days, and the hatching rate is as high as 80%. Therefore, the oviposition medium of the orius pollidii does not have adverse effect on the quality of the orius pollidii ovum and does not influence the incubation of the ovum.
Table 2 hatchability of orius pollidii eggs at different incubation times for different incubation media (%)
Example 4 oviposition amount verification of oviposition medium of orius mirificus in example 1
Setting 15 standard spaces, wherein the standard spaces are averagely divided into 3 groups, a south orius detail oviposition medium group, a whole-root pod small-amount group and a whole-root pod large-amount group, the standard spaces are glass containers, and the specification of the glass containers is 4.5dm3Space of 3dm2Cross-section of (a). Paving 10 stinkbug spawning mediums of the example 1 in glass containers of the stinkbug spawning medium group; 3 whole bean pods are respectively paved in a small number of groups of glass containers of the whole bean pods; 6 whole bean pods are respectively paved in a multi-group glass container of the whole bean pods, and the bean pods are more crowded to be paved; 5 pairs of female and male paired orius miniatus are respectively connected into each glass container, the ambient temperature is set to be 27 ℃, the humidity is set to be 70%, and the photoperiod is 14:10 (L: D), and then counting the daily egg laying amount. Experimental results referring to table 3, the experimental results showed that the number of eggs collected using the oviposition medium group of orius mirificus of example 1 was greater than that of the whole pod multiple group and the whole pod small group.
TABLE 3 daily egg laying amount of orius pollidii under different egg laying conditions
According to the embodiment, the preparation method and the application of the oviposition medium of the orius miri are provided, and compared with the whole bean pod, the oviposition medium of the orius miri can obviously improve the collection efficiency of the orius miri eggs.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of an oviposition medium of orius pollidii comprises the following steps:
1) transversely cutting the whole root of kidney bean pod to obtain a pod tip; the angle of the transverse cut is 45 °; the transected position is near pod tip 1/4;
2) melting the solid paraffin to obtain liquid paraffin; the time for melting the solid paraffin is 90 s; the melting temperature of the solid paraffin is 75 ℃; the melting mode is that 5g of solid paraffin is put into 700ml of distilled water and heated and melted by water bath under the condition of stirring;
3) immersing the cut of the pod tip in the step 1) into the liquid paraffin in the step 2), sealing, and cooling to obtain a spawning medium of the orius similis; the time for immersing the incision at the pod tip into the liquid paraffin is 1 s; the cooling temperature is 24 ℃;
no chronological definition exists between the step 1) and the step 2);
before the step 1), the method further comprises the steps of cleaning and drying the whole kidney bean pods.
2. The oviposition medium of orius mirificus prepared by the preparation method of claim 1.
3. The use of the oviposition medium for orius mirificus as claimed in claim 2 for oviposition of orius mirificus, comprising the steps of: spreading the oviposition medium of the orius pollidii as the claim 2 in an open container, putting the orius pollidii in a female-male pairing mode, sealing with gauze, and culturing to obtain the orius pollidii eggs.
4. The use according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the culture is 27 ± 1 ℃; the humidity of the culture was 70. + -. 5%.
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| 《The suitability of some natural and artificial substrates as oviposition sites for the insidious flower bug, Orius insidiosus》;E C. Richards & J. M. Schmidt;《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》;19961231;第80卷;第325-333页 * |
| 《不同生存基质对中华淡翅盲蝽生长发育和繁殖的影响》;谢宇凯 等;《浙江农业学报》;20180331;第30卷(第3期);第432－436页 * |
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