CN109566496B

CN109566496B - Cage for hanging and cultivating seawater pearl oyster overwintering and cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN109566496B
Application number: CN201910034253.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟锐
Original assignee: Beihai Huishan Jewelry Co ltd
Current assignee: Beihai Huishan Jewelry Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-15
Filing date: 2019-01-15
Publication date: 2021-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-15
Also published as: CN109566496A

Abstract

The invention discloses a sea water pearl oyster overwintering hanging cage and a cultivation method, wherein four corners at the upper ends of a large cage frame and a small cage frame are connected by net ropes to form a square at the upper ends, the net ropes are connected by plastic net wires to form an upper net layer and a lower net layer, an interlayer is formed between the upper net layer and the lower net layer, the net ropes are also connected by the plastic net wires in a vertical and horizontal loose joint manner, so that 20-30 cultivation net bags with the length of 13-15 cm and the width of 9-11 cm are formed between the upper net layer and the lower net layer, and cage frame feet with the height of 19-11 cm are formed at the lower ends of the large cage frame and the small cage frame. The invention adopts the culture mode of the suspended culture cage, the suspended culture is carried out vertically in summer or when the seawater temperature is high, the horizontal culture is carried out in winter or when the seawater temperature is low, the storm and the low temperature are avoided, the distance between the pearl shells and a seabed sand layer is 10 cm, the damage of various organisms on the pearl shells at the seabed is avoided, the overwintering survival rate of the pearl shells is improved, and the culture survival rate of the pearl shells is also improved.

Description

Cage for hanging and cultivating seawater pearl oyster overwintering and cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a seawater pearl overwintering hanging cage and a seawater pearl overwintering hanging cage culture method, and belongs to the technical field of seawater pearl culture.

Background

The traditional seawater pearl shell cultivation generally adopts spring seedling throwing and winter harvesting, because the temperature suitable for the growth of the pearl shell is 13-30 ℃, the growth is slow when the temperature is lower than 13 ℃, the death of the pearl shell can be caused when the temperature is lower than 8 ℃, and the main reason that the pearl shell is difficult to overwinter is. However, the fact that the seedlings are thrown in spring and harvested in winter means that the pearl shells can only be cultivated for one year, the pearl layer in one year is actually thin, the pearl layer can only grow to about 0.1 mm, the thin pearl layer is thought to have low quality, no other path is needed for improving the quality of the pearls, and the only method is to prolong the cultivation time of the pearl shells, which involves the overwintering problem of the pearl shells. In long-term cultivation practice, pearl oyster can be discovered to successfully overwinter and are related to the factors: the depth of the culture seawater, the growth position of the pearl oyster and the position of the pearl oyster away from the sea bottom can ensure that the pearl oyster can successfully live through the winter after being treated, otherwise, the pearl oyster can die greatly. The factors are related to the pearl oyster hanging culture cage, so that the cage enabling the pearl oyster to successfully overwinter and the culture method enabling the pearl oyster to successfully overwinter are provided, and the cage has practical significance for improving the overwinter survival rate, the culture survival rate and the pearl quality of the pearl oyster.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seawater pearl overwintering suspension culture cage and a culture method aiming at the defects of difficult overwintering culture and low overwintering survival rate of seawater pearl shells, and the overwintering survival rate of the pearl shells is improved by controlling factors related to the overwintering of the pearl shells.

The invention aims to realize the following technical scheme that the seawater pearl overwintering hanging cage comprises a large cage frame, a small cage frame and a net layer, wherein the large cage frame and the small cage frame are equal in length, the width of the large cage frame is slightly larger than the width of the small cage frame, so that the small cage frame can be sleeved in the large cage frame, the large cage frame and the small cage frame are correspondingly fixed at the middle point to form a cross shape, four corners at the upper ends of the large cage frame and the small cage frame are connected through net ropes to form a square at the upper ends, the net ropes are connected into an upper net layer and a lower net layer through plastic net ropes, an interlayer is formed between the upper net layer and the lower net layer, the distance between the upper net layer and the lower net layer is 2-3 cm, the net ropes are also connected through the plastic net ropes in a vertical and horizontal slipknot manner, so that 20-30 cultivation nets with the length of 13-15 cm and the width of 9-11 are formed between the upper net layer and, the lower ends of the large cage frame and the small cage frame form a cage frame foot with the height of 19-11 cm.

The overwintering cultivation method of seawater pearls mainly comprises the following specific technical steps;

(1) putting pearl oyster seedlings into a hanging cage, putting 1-2 pearl oyster seedlings into each cultivation net bag, clamping the pearl oyster in the cultivation net bags by an upper net layer and a lower net layer, relatively fixing, throwing the pearl oyster in 4-5 months, putting the pearl oyster into a seawater cultivation farm with a sandy bottom with the depth of 10-15 m, hanging the pearl oyster in an environment 1-2 m deep from the sea surface, and cultivating in a hanging mode, wherein the pearl oyster is in a vertical position;

(2) the method comprises the steps of putting a hanging cage into the sea bottom from 11 last months to 3 last months in the coming year or when the temperature of seawater is lower than 15 ℃, supporting cage legs on a seabed sand layer, keeping a distance of 10-11 cm between pearl shells in a cultivation net bag and the seabed sand layer, cultivating the pearl shells in a horizontal mode until the pearl shells are cultivated in 3 last months in the coming year or the temperature of the seawater rises to be higher than 15 ℃, and then cultivating the pearl shells in the hanging cage in the horizontal mode.

The pearl oyster cultivation method adopts the cultivation mode of the hanging cultivation cage, combines vertical hanging cultivation with horizontal cultivation, and adopts vertical hanging cultivation in summer or when the temperature of seawater is high, and horizontal cultivation in winter or when the temperature of seawater is low, so that the pearl oyster adopts a vertical body position to be beneficial to taking food nutrition, and adopts a horizontal body position to be beneficial to avoiding stormy waves and low temperature in winter or when the temperature is low, the distance between the pearl oyster and a seabed sand bed is 10 cm, the injury of various organisms on the pearl oyster in the seabed is avoided, the oyster can be washed by utilizing the natural flow of the seawater, and the cleanliness of the pearl oyster is improved. The invention improves the overwintering survival rate of the pearl oyster and also improves the culture survival rate of the pearl oyster.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front side of the seawater pearl overwintering cage according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a back side of the seawater pearl overwintering cage according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cage for hanging seawater pearls to breed in winter, which is provided with a large cage frame and a small cage frame.

The sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: the large cage comprises a large cage frame 1, a small cage frame 2, a middle point 3, net ropes 4, an upper net layer 5, a lower net layer 6, a slipknot connecting line 7, a breeding net bag 8, cage frame feet 9 and a hanging breeding rope 10.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in attached

drawings

1, 2 and 3, the seawater pearl overwintering cage comprises a large cage frame 1, a small cage frame 2, an upper net layer 5 and a lower net layer 6. As shown in figure 3, the large cage frame 1 and the small cage frame 2 are made of metal materials, the lengths of the large cage frame and the small cage frame are equal, the width of the large cage frame 1 is slightly larger than that of the small cage frame 2, so that the small cage frame 2 can be sleeved into the large cage frame 1, the large cage frame and the small cage frame are correspondingly fixed at the middle point 3, and the fixing mode is welding or fixing by a fixing piece to form a cross shape. As shown in figure 1, four corners at the upper ends of a large cage frame 1 and a small cage frame 2 are connected by a net rope 4 to form a square at the upper end, the net rope 4 is connected by a plastic net line to form an upper net layer 5 and a lower net layer 6, an interlayer is formed between the upper net layer 5 and the lower net layer 6, the distance between the upper net layer 5 and the lower net layer 6 is 2-3 cm, the mesh diameter of the upper net layer 5 and the lower net layer 6 is 1-1.5 cm, the net rope 4 is also connected with a longitudinal and transverse slipknot connecting line 7 by the plastic net line, so that 20-30 cultivation net pockets 8 with the length of 13-15 cm and the width of 9-11 cm are formed between the upper net layer 5 and the lower net layer 6, the cultivation net pockets 8 are used for placing pearl oyster to be cultivated, 1-2 pearl oysters are placed on each cultivation net pocket 8, the slipknot connecting line 7 is unfastened, the slipknots connected on the net rope 4 can be conveniently pulled out to take out the pearl oysters, the lower ends of the large cage frame and the small cage frame form a cage frame foot 9 with the height of 19-11 cm.

Example 2

The invention relates to a seawater pearl overwintering culture method which mainly comprises the following specific technical steps;

(1) putting pearl oyster seedlings into hanging cage tools, putting 1-2 pearl oyster seedlings into each cultivation net bag 8, sealing the cultivation net bags 8 through slipknot connecting lines 7 after putting the pearl oyster seedlings, enabling the pearl oysters to grow in the cultivation net bags 8, putting 20-50 pearl oyster seedlings into each hanging cage tool, clamping the pearl oyster seedlings in the cultivation net bags 8 by an upper net layer 5 and a lower net layer 6, fixing the pearl oyster seedlings relatively, putting the pearl oysters in 4-5 months, putting the pearl oysters into a seawater cultivation field with a sandy bottom with the depth of 10-15 meters, hanging a hanging rope 10 on a floater, hanging the pearl oysters in an environment with the depth of 1-2 meters from the sea surface, and cultivating the pearl oysters in a hanging mode, wherein the pearl oysters are vertically placed;

(2) the method comprises the steps of putting a hanging cage into the sea bottom from 11 last months to 3 last months in the coming year or when the temperature of seawater is lower than 15 ℃, enabling cage frame feet 9 to be supported on a sand layer on the sea bottom, enabling pearl shells in a cultivation net bag 8 to be 10-11 cm away from the sand layer on the sea bottom, cultivating the pearl shells in a horizontal mode until the temperature of the seawater rises to be higher than 15 ℃ in the 3 last months in the coming year, then cultivating the pearl shells in a hanging mode, and then circularly cultivating until the pearl shells are mature.

Example 3

The cages and the method of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 are adopted for cultivation, 20000 pearl oyster fries are put in, the putting is ten days before 4 months in the year, the detection is ten days after 4 months in the second year or the third year or the fourth year, 100 suspended cultivation cages are randomly extracted, the survival rate of the pearl oyster is calculated, 2000 pearl oyster fries are put in the traditional cultivation method for comparison test, the cultivation conditions are the same, the survival rate is calculated by random extraction, and the results are that the survival rate of the pearl oyster cultivated by the cages and the method is more than 90% after 1 year of cultivation and one winter, more than 80% after 2 years of cultivation and more than 70% after 3 years of cultivation and 3 winter. The survival rates of the pearl shells cultured by the traditional method in the 1 year period, the 2 year period and the 3 year period are respectively below 50%, below 25% and below 5%. Therefore, compared with the traditional method, the method has obvious technical advantages.

Claims

1. A seawater pearl overwintering cultivation method using a seawater pearl oyster overwintering suspension cultivation cage comprises a large cage frame (1), a small cage frame (2) and net layers, wherein the large cage frame (1) and the small cage frame (2) are equal in length, the width of the large cage frame (1) is slightly larger than that of the small cage frame (2), so that the small cage frame (2) can be sleeved into the large cage frame (1), the large cage frame and the small cage frame are correspondingly fixed at a midpoint (3) to form a cross shape, four corners at the upper ends of the large cage frame (1) and the small cage frame (2) are connected through net lines (4) to form a square at the upper end, an upper net layer (5) and a lower net layer (6) are connected through plastic net lines on the net lines (4), an interlayer is formed between the upper net layer (5) and the lower net layer (6), the distance between the upper net layer (5) and the lower net layer (6) is 2-3 cm, and a vertical and horizontal movable connecting line (7) is also connected to the net lines on the upper net line (4) through the plastic net lines, so that 20-30 breeding net bags (8) with the length of 13-15 cm and the width of 9-11 cm are formed between the upper net layer (5) and the lower net layer (6), and cage frame feet (9) with the height of 19-11 cm are formed at the lower ends of the large cage frame (1) and the small cage frame (2), and the breeding method is characterized by mainly comprising the following specific steps:

putting pearl oyster seedlings into a suspended culture cage, putting 1-2 pearl oyster seedlings into each culture net bag (8), clamping the pearl oyster seedlings by an upper net layer (5) and a lower net layer (6) in the culture net bags (8), relatively fixing, throwing the pearl oyster seedlings in 4-5 months, throwing the pearl oyster seedlings into a seawater culture farm with a sand bottom with the depth of 10-15 m, hanging the pearl oyster seedlings in an environment 1-2 m deep from the sea surface, and culturing the pearl oyster seedlings in a suspended culture mode, wherein the pearl oyster is vertically placed;

step (2) placing the suspended culture cage on the seabed from 11 last month in winter to 3 last month in the next year, or when the temperature of seawater is lower than 15 ℃, supporting cage legs (9) on a seabed sand layer, enabling pearl shells in the culture net bags (8) to have a distance of 10-11 cm from the seabed sand layer, horizontally placing the suspended culture cage for culture, placing the pearl shells in a horizontally placed position, culturing until 3 last month in the next year or the temperature of the seawater rises to be higher than 15 ℃, then adopting the suspended culture mode for culture, and circularly culturing until the pearl shells are mature.