CN109549051A - 一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109549051A CN109549051A CN201811460048.5A CN201811460048A CN109549051A CN 109549051 A CN109549051 A CN 109549051A CN 201811460048 A CN201811460048 A CN 201811460048A CN 109549051 A CN109549051 A CN 109549051A
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- green juice
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉及其制备方法,其原料为:藤茶8~10份,甜茶5~7份,桑叶3~5份,小球藻3~5份,牛蒡子1~3份,荷叶1~2份,糖醇1~2份,竹盐1~2份。其制备方法为先对原料预处理,然后将藤茶、甜茶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶二次榨汁得到青汁,再烘干粉碎得到粗品青汁粉;将牛蒡子直接干燥粉碎得到牛蒡子粉末,与粗品青汁粉混合后再粉碎得到青汁粉,加入竹盐和糖醇后混合均匀,灭菌,得到高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉。本发明制备方法简单,制得的青汁粉不仅含有丰富的黄酮类、甜茶素等对降血糖、降血压和降血脂有显著效果的活性成分,而且还有丰富的膳食纤维,是“三高”人群的理想固体饮料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于及固体饮料技术领域,具体涉及一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
藤茶,系葡萄科植物显齿蛇葡萄Ampelopsis grossedentata(Hand-Mazz)W.T.Wang的茎叶,主要分布于我国广西、贵州、云南等地。藤茶性味甘淡,具有清热解毒功效,主治黄疸型肝炎、感冒风热、咽喉肿痛等。藤茶的化学成分有包括:黄酮类、有机酸、甾体、多糖等,以黄酮类成分为主要化学成分。现代药理学研究证明藤茶黄酮类成分在抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂、降血压等方面有较好的活性。含量最高的二氢杨梅素是一种极具药用价值的黄酮类物质,具广泛的药理活性:能够通过多环节阻滞或延缓肿瘤的发生发展,有较强的抗氧化作用,另外还具有抗炎、解酒护肝、抗病原微生物、调血脂、降血糖等药理作用,具有较大的临床应用潜力。膳食纤维是健康饮食不可缺少的一类化合物,其在保持消化系统健康上扮演着重要的角色,摄取足够的纤维可以预防心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病以及其它疾病。其具有清洁消化壁、增强机体消化的功能;同时可稀释和加速食物中的致癌物质和有毒物质的移除,保护脆弱的消化道,并预防结肠癌;还有研究发现,膳食纤维可减缓消化速度并快速排泄胆固醇,以保持血液中的血糖和胆固醇的理想水平。高血压、高血糖与高血脂被称为“三高症”,是人类致命的“头号杀手”。高血脂可以引起血管栓塞;高血压可以引起脑出血和脑血管破裂;高血糖可以引起糖尿病。世界卫生组织曾经明确提出,防止心血管病的第一道防线就是减少“三高”和控制“三高”。目前三高的治疗主要通过药物干预,但长期服用会有一定的副作用,且外出服用不太方便。目前市售一些保健品不仅起不到治疗的作用,还可能对人体产生伤害。目前食疗的方案极少,而且具有大量添加的非天然物质,口感较差。青汁是以嫩叶等天然绿色植物所榨成的汁或以此加工的超微粉末所冲调的具有保健功能的饮品,具有含水量低、便于携带、易保存运输等优点。青汁对机体有着重要的保健作用,在日本早就有食用青汁的习惯,近年来,随着国民健康意识的增强,以及对功能性食品的关注和重视,青汁已经走进了我国市场,并不断的被国人所认可和接受。因而,探索一种减少和控制“三高”的青汁粉具有重大的市场前景。发明内容本发明的目的是提供一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉及其制备方法,将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子、荷叶、糖醇和竹盐的功效进行融合,增强其降血压、降血糖和降血糖的功效,且具有高膳食纤维。
发明内容
本发明的技术方案:一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶8~10份,甜茶5~7份,桑叶3~5份,小球藻3~5份,牛蒡子1~3份,荷叶1~2份,糖醇1~2份,竹盐1~2份。作为技术方案的进一步优选,高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶10份,甜茶6份,桑叶4份,小球藻3.5份,牛蒡子3份,荷叶2份,糖醇1.5份,竹盐1份。上述藤茶、甜茶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶均采用采摘的鲜叶,采用新鲜原料能保持原料本身原滋原味的成分及功效。本发明的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)预处理①选料:选取新鲜的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,剔除原料中有病虫害和腐烂部分;②清洗:先将原料放入清水中浸泡5~10min;然后取出置于氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液中,三者的质量比3~5:1~3:3~5;利用超声波发生装置对混合溶液施加超声波,超声波的频率是1MHz~5MHz;随后至于清水中震荡清洗5~10min,再漂洗2~3次即可;作为技术方案的优选,混合溶液中氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠三者的质量比为5:2:4。(2)制取青汁①切碎:将清洗后的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶投入切碎机切碎成2~5cm;②叶片一次榨汁:将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶置于装有超声波震荡器的压榨机中,超声波震荡器的频率是1MHz~3MHz,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行一次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的一次汁液;③叶片二次榨汁:向压榨机中投入体积为一次榨汁后剩余物料体积2~2.3倍的清水或25%乙醇溶液,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行二次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的二次汁液;④汁液离心:将一次汁液和二次汁液混合,投入离心罐,控制转速过5000~8000r/min离心10~15min,取上层清液得青汁;(3)制取青汁粉①均质:将青汁投入均质机,控制均质机压力为80~100MPa,进行均质处理10~15min;②青汁干燥制粉:将均质后的青汁放入真空冷冻干燥机进行真空冻干,温度设置为-40~-20℃,30~40分钟后抽真空,真空度为40~50Pa,6~8小时后开始升华干燥,温度设置为50~60℃,时间为4~6小时,升华干燥后进行解析干燥,直至除去98%以上的水分后干燥结束,然后将所得固体用粉碎机粉碎得粗品青汁粉,粒径为120~400μm;③牛蒡子的干燥:将微波干燥机起始温度设置为90℃,放入牛蒡子,然后立即降温到60℃,在60℃下干燥6-8h,整个微波干燥过程保持鼓风;干燥后的牛蒡子重量为鲜重的1/5-1/4,含水量为3%以下;④牛蒡子的粉碎:将干燥后的牛蒡子用粉碎机粉碎,得到牛蒡子粉末,粒径为120~400μm;⑤将牛蒡子粉末与粗品青汁粉混合均匀,放入超微粉碎机粉碎后得到青汁粉,粒径为10~25μm;⑥混合,灭菌:将称量好的糖醇与竹盐粉碎后加入到青汁粉中,混合均匀后115~125℃高温灭菌或紫外辐射灭菌即得高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉成品。本发明制备出来的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉呈微青色,带有淡淡的清香味,便于携带与饮用,只需开水泡饮即可。本发明原料的功效:藤茶,系葡萄科植物显齿蛇葡萄Ampelopsis grossedentata(Hand-Mazz)W.T.Wang的茎叶,主要分布于我国广西、贵州、云南等地。藤茶性味甘淡,具有清热解毒功效,主治黄疸型肝炎、感冒风热、咽喉肿痛等。藤茶的化学成分有包括:黄酮类、有机酸、甾体、多糖等,以黄酮类成分为主要化学成分。现代药理学研究证明藤茶黄酮类成分在抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂、降血压等方面有较好的活性。含量最高的二氢杨梅素是一种极具药用价值的黄酮类物质,具广泛的药理活性:能够通过多环节阻滞或延缓肿瘤的发生发展,有较强的抗氧化作用,另外还具有抗炎、解酒护肝、抗病原微生物、调血脂、降血糖等药理作用,具有较大的临床应用潜力。甜茶,蔷薇科甜叶悬钩子Rubus suavissimus S.Lee的叶及嫩枝,是广西特有的无毒、低热能、高甜度和具有保健功能的野生珍稀甜味植物,主要用于瘴病、糖尿病、高血压和尿路感染的治疗。甜茶的主要甜味成分-甜茶素(又称甜叶悬钩子苷、甜茶苷)是一个天然甜味剂,甜度为蔗糖115倍,具有降血脂、降血糖、降低肾性高血压、防龋齿等作用,安全无毒,并且热量低,不会增加胆固醇,不致龋齿,因此心血管、肥胖、糖尿病等患者均可饮用。甜茶叶中含有大量的微量元素,蛋白质和氨基酸,此外还有维生素、有机酸、类胡萝卜素和纤维素等营养成分。中医认为甜茶性甘、平,归肝、肺、膀胱经;具有清热,润肺,祛痰,止咳的功效,用于痰多咳嗽,或作甜味剂。壮医性甜、平,凉。具有解热毒,通龙路,调气道、水道。用于瘴病,啊肉甜(糖尿病),血压桑(高血压),肉扭(尿路感染)。桑叶,桑科植物桑Morus alba L.的干燥叶,中医又称“铁扇子”,是桑树的主要产,约占地上部生物产量的64%,桑叶每年可摘3-6次。桑叶不仅含有丰富的氨基酸、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素和钙、铁、锰、锌等矿物质,且富含人体所需多种生物活性成分。现代医学经过大量的研究证明桑叶对高血糖、高血压、高血脂等成人病、老年病及富贵病有辅助疗效。小球藻,绿藻门小球藻属普生性单细胞绿藻,是一种球形单细胞淡水藻类,富含丰富的优质蛋白质、脂类、多糖、叶绿素、CGF生长因子、膳食纤维、维生素和矿物质,能提供18种氨基酸(其中有9种为必须氨基酸),其氨基酸种类齐全且比例接近标准模式,同时,小球藻富含丰富的维生素和矿物质,20g小球藻粉所含的维生素和矿物质相当于1kg蔬菜的量,具有增强人体免疫、防止病毒增殖、抑制癌细胞增殖、抑制血糖上升,降低血清胆固醇含量,排除毒素,迅速修复机体的损伤等功能。牛蒡子,菊科植物牛蒡Arctium lappa L.的干燥成熟果实,古称恶实、大力子、东洋参等,牛蒡的花、叶、根、果实均可入药,牛蒡花、叶可疏散风热、清利咽喉,用于感冒咽痛、咽喉不利等,其嫩叶外用可治头痛、乳痛、皮肤瘙痒;牛蒡子味苦,性寒,入脾、肺经,有疏风散热、解毒消肿之功,用于风热感冒、咳嗽、咽喉肿痛、痈疽疮疥等;牛蒡子被历版《中华人民共和国药典》收录,味辛、苦,性寒,入肺、胃经,有疏散风热、清利咽候、解毒透疹、止痛消肿之功,是临床常用中药材之一。近年来,随着对牛蒡及其提取物研究的不断深入,发现牛蒡子、叶和根中含有丰富的牛蒡子苷元、牛蒡子苷等多种活性成分,这些成分除了以上作用外,尚有新的应用价值,如其对高脂血症、糖尿病、高血压病等并发症的调节和治疗以及抗肿瘤等作用。荷叶,睡莲科植物莲Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.的干燥叶,具有清香气味,其成分十分复杂,至今已从荷叶中分离出生物碱、黄酮、挥发油、有机酸、皂苷、甾体等多种化学成分,有降血压、血糖和血脂的功效。糖醇,是一种多元醇,含有两个以上的羟基。糖醇具有甜味,口感清爽宜人,属于无毒无公害甜味产品,同时具有防龋齿;不为人体所消化吸收,进而不为人体提供热量;不影响人体血糖波动等优点,是理想的糖尿病、高血糖或肥胖人群的甜味替代品。竹盐是以盐与竹子为原料制成的具有保健功能和治病作用的物质。竹盐含有丰富维生素及多糖,能活化人体细胞,促进人体的新陈代谢,调节人体机能平衡,保持人体健康,具有排毒解酒、养颜、止咳化痰、止血消炎、消脂降压、防癌抗癌等功效。本发明中的竹盐可以通过市场上购买得到。本发明的优点:1、本发明针对所取原料的特点选择不同的制取青汁粉的方法,能最大限度地把原料中的有效成分提取出来。对于含汁量丰富的叶类原料采取二次榨汁的方式再通过干燥青汁得到青汁粉;对于质地比较坚硬的牛蒡子则采取直接干燥粉碎的方式得到牛蒡子粉末,然后再与前面得到的青汁粉相混合,保证得到的成品青汁粉中能最大限度地保留原料中各个组分的有效成分。2、本发明采用氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液对原料进行浸泡,不仅起到杀菌消毒的作用,还能起到护色的作用。通过一次浸泡,杀菌消毒和护色处理同步进行,不仅实现了资源的有效利用,也节约了生产时间和成本。在氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的质量比为5:2:4时,混合溶液对原料的杀菌消毒及护色的协同效果最好。3、本发明的藤茶青汁粉的主要原料是藤茶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,原料中不仅含有丰富的黄酮类、甜茶素等对降血糖、降血压和降血脂有显著效果的活性成分,而且还有丰富的膳食纤维,是“三高”人群的理想固体饮料。
具体实施方式
本发明用下列实施例进行说明,但不限制本发明的范围。
实施例1一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶8~10份,甜茶5~7份,桑叶3~5份,小球藻3~5份,牛蒡子1~3份,荷叶1~2份,糖醇1~2份,竹盐1~2份。它的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)预处理①选料:选取新鲜的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,剔除原料中有病虫害和腐烂部分;②清洗:先将原料放入清水中浸泡8min;然后取出置于氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液中,三者的质量比5:2:4;利用超声波发生装置对混合溶液施加超声波,超声波的频率是3MHz;随后至于清水中震荡清洗8min,再漂洗3次即可;(2)制取青汁①切碎:将清洗后的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶投入切碎机切碎成3cm;②叶片一次榨汁:将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶置于装有超声波震荡器的压榨机中,超声波震荡器的频率是2MHz,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行一次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的一次汁液;③叶片二次榨汁:向压榨机中投入体积为一次榨汁后剩余物料体积2.2倍的25%乙醇溶液,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行二次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的二次汁液;④汁液离心:将一次汁液和二次汁液混合,投入离心罐,控制转速过7000r/min离心12min,取上层清液得青汁;(3)制取青汁粉①均质:将青汁投入均质机,控制均质机压力为90MPa,进行均质处理12min;②青汁干燥制粉:将均质后的青汁放入真空冷冻干燥机进行真空冻干,温度设置为-30℃,35分钟后抽真空,真空度为45Pa,7小时后开始升华干燥,温度设置为55℃,时间为5小时,升华干燥后进行解析干燥,直至除去98%以上的水分后干燥结束,然后将所得固体用粉碎机粉碎得粗品青汁粉,粒径为120~200μm;③牛蒡子的干燥:将微波干燥机起始温度设置为90℃,放入牛蒡子,然后立即降温到60℃,在60℃下干燥8h,整个微波干燥过程保持鼓风;干燥后的牛蒡子重量为鲜重的1/5,含水量为1%;④牛蒡子的粉碎:将干燥后的牛蒡子用粉碎机粉碎,得到牛蒡子粉末,粒径为120~200μm;⑤将牛蒡子粉末与粗品青汁粉混合均匀,放入超微粉碎机粉碎后得到青汁粉,粒径为10~15μm;⑥将称量好的糖醇与竹盐粉碎后加入到青汁粉中,混合均匀后120℃灭菌即得高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉成品。制备出来的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉呈微青色,带有淡淡的清香味,便于携带与饮 用,只需开水泡饮即可。
实施例2一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶10份,甜茶7份,桑叶5份,小球藻5份,牛蒡子3份,荷叶2份,糖醇2份,竹盐2份。它的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)预处理①选料:选取新鲜的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,剔除原料中有病虫害和腐烂部分;②清洗:先将原料放入清水中浸泡10min;然后取出置于氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液中,三者的质量比5:3:5;利用超声波发生装置对混合溶液施加超声波,超声波的频率是5MHz;随后至于清水中震荡清洗10min,再漂洗3次即可;(2)制取青汁①切碎:将清洗后的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶投入切碎机切碎成5cm;②叶片一次榨汁:将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶置于装有超声波震荡器的压榨机中,超声波震荡器的频率是3MHz,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行一次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的一次汁液;③叶片二次榨汁:向压榨机中投入体积为一次榨汁后剩余物料体积2.3倍的25%乙醇溶液,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行二次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的二次汁液;④汁液离心:将一次汁液和二次汁液混合,投入离心罐,控制转速过8000r/min离心15min,取上层清液得青汁;(3)制取青汁粉①均质:将青汁投入均质机,控制均质机压力为100MPa,进行均质处理15min;②青汁干燥制粉:将均质后的青汁放入真空冷冻干燥机进行真空冻干,温度设置为-35℃,40分钟后抽真空,真空度为50Pa,8小时后开始升华干燥,温度设置为60℃,时间为6小时,升华干燥后进行解析干燥,直至除去98%以上的水分后干燥结束,然后将所得固体用粉碎机粉碎得粗品青汁粉,粒径为200~250μm;③牛蒡子的干燥:将微波干燥机起始温度设置为90℃,放入牛蒡子,然后立即降温到60℃,在60℃下干燥8h,整个微波干燥过程保持鼓风;干燥后的牛蒡子重量为鲜重的1/5,含水量为1.8%;④牛蒡子的粉碎:将干燥后的牛蒡子用粉碎机粉碎,得到牛蒡子粉末,粒径为200~250μm;⑤将牛蒡子粉末与粗品青汁粉混合均匀,放入超微粉碎机粉碎后得到青汁粉,粒径为12~18μm;⑥将称量好的糖醇与竹盐粉碎后加入到青汁粉中,混合均匀后125℃灭菌即得高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉成品。制备出来的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉呈微青色,带有淡淡的清香味,便于携带与饮用,只需开水泡饮即可。
实施例3一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶9份,甜茶6份,桑叶5份,小球藻4.5份,牛蒡子2.5份,荷叶2份,糖醇1.5份,竹盐1.5份。它的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)预处理①选料:选取新鲜的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,剔除原料中有病虫害和腐烂部分;②清洗:先将原料放入清水中浸泡6min;然后取出置于氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液中,所述混合溶液中三者的质量比2:1:2;利用超声波发生装置对混合溶液施加超声波,超声波的频率是3.5MHz;随后至于清水中震荡清洗7min,再漂洗2次即可;(2)制取青汁①切碎:将清洗后的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶投入切碎机切碎成4cm;②叶片一次榨汁:将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶置于装有超声波震荡器的压榨机中,超声波震荡器的频率是2.5MHz,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行一次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的一次汁液;③叶片二次榨汁:向压榨机中投入体积为一次榨汁后剩余物料体积2.2倍的清水,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行二次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的二次汁液;④汁液离心:将一次汁液和二次汁液混合,投入离心罐,控制转速过6500r/min,离心13min,取上层清液得青汁;(3)制取青汁粉①均质:将青汁投入均质机,控制均质机压力为93MPa,进行均质处理14min;②青汁干燥制粉:将均质后的青汁放入真空冷冻干燥机进行真空冻干,温度设置为-20℃,37分钟后抽真空,真空度为46Pa,6.5小时后开始升华干燥,温度设置为58℃,时间为5.5小时,升华干燥后进行解析干燥,直至除去98%以上的水分后干燥结束,然后将所得固体用粉碎机粉碎得粗品青汁粉,粒径为250~300μm;③牛蒡子的干燥:将微波干燥机起始温度设置为90℃,放入牛蒡子,然后立即降温到60℃,在60℃下干燥6.5h,整个微波干燥过程保持鼓风;干燥后的牛蒡子重量为鲜重的1/4,含水量为2.3%;④牛蒡子的粉碎:将干燥后的牛蒡子用粉碎机粉碎,得到牛蒡子粉末,粒径为250~300μm;⑤将牛蒡子粉末与粗品青汁粉混合均匀,放入超微粉碎机粉碎后得到青汁粉,粒径为18~22μm;⑥将称量好的糖醇与竹盐粉碎后加入到青汁粉中,混合均匀后115℃灭菌即得高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉成品。制备出来的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉呈微青色,带有淡淡的清香味,便于携带与饮用,只需开水泡饮即可。
实施例4一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶9.5份,甜茶6.5份,桑叶4.5份,小球藻4份,牛蒡子3份,荷叶2份,糖醇2份,竹盐2份。它的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)预处理①选料:选取新鲜的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,剔除原料中有病虫害和腐烂部分;②清洗:先将原料放入清水中浸泡8min;然后取出置于氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液中,所述混合溶液中三者的质量比4:1:4;利用超声波发生装置对混合溶液施加超声波,超声波的频率是4.5MHz;随后至于清水中震荡清洗9min,再漂洗2次即可;(2)制取青汁①切碎:将清洗后的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶投入切碎机切碎成3cm;②叶片一次榨汁:将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶置于装有超声波震荡器的压榨机中,超声波震荡器的频率是4.5MHz,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行一次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的一次汁液;③叶片二次榨汁:向压榨机中投入体积为一次榨汁后剩余物料体积2.1倍的清水,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行二次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的二次汁液;④汁液离心:将一次汁液和二次汁液混合,投入离心罐,控制转速过5500r/min,离心11min,取上层清液得青汁;(3)制取青汁粉①均质:将青汁投入均质机,控制均质机压力为84MPa,进行均质处理14min;②青汁干燥制粉:将均质后的青汁放入真空冷冻干燥机进行真空冻干,温度设置为-25℃,37分钟后抽真空,真空度为43Pa,6.5小时后开始升华干燥,温度设置为53℃,时间为5.5小时,升华干燥后进行解析干燥,直至除去98%以上的水分后干燥结束,然后将所得固体用粉碎机粉碎得粗品青汁粉,粒径为300~350μm;③牛蒡子的干燥:将微波干燥机起始温度设置为90℃,放入牛蒡子,然后立即降温到60℃,在60℃下干燥7.2h,整个微波干燥过程保持鼓风;干燥后的牛蒡子重量为鲜重的1/4,含水量为2.3%;④牛蒡子的粉碎:将干燥后的牛蒡子用粉碎机粉碎,得到牛蒡子粉末,粒径为300~350μm;⑤将牛蒡子粉末与粗品青汁粉混合均匀,放入超微粉碎机粉碎后得到青汁粉,粒径为18~22μm;⑥将称量好的糖醇与竹盐粉碎后加入到青汁粉中,混合均匀后紫外辐射灭菌即得高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉成品。制备出来的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉呈微青色,带有淡淡的清香味,便于携带与饮用,只需开水泡饮即可。
实施例5一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶8份,甜茶5份,桑叶3份,小球藻3份,牛蒡子1份,荷叶1份,糖醇1份,竹盐1份。它的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)预处理①选料:选取新鲜的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,剔除原料中有病虫害和腐烂部分;②清洗:先将原料放入清水中浸泡5min;然后取出置于氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液中,所述混合溶液中三者的质量比3:1:3;利用超声波发生装置对混合溶液施加超声波,超声波的频率是1MHz;随后至于清水中震荡清洗5min,再漂洗2次即可;(2)制取青汁①切碎:将清洗后的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶投入切碎机切碎成2cm;②叶片一次榨汁:将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶置于装有超声波震荡器的压榨机中,超声波震荡器的频率是1MHz,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行一次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的一次汁液;③叶片二次榨汁:向压榨机中投入体积为一次榨汁后剩余物料体积2倍的清水,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行二次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的二次汁液;④汁液离心:将一次汁液和二次汁液混合,投入离心罐,控制转速过5000r/min,离心10min,取上层清液得青汁;(3)制取青汁粉①均质:将青汁投入均质机,控制均质机压力为80MPa,进行均质处理10min;②青汁干燥制粉:将均质后的青汁放入真空冷冻干燥机进行真空冻干,温度设置为-40℃,30分钟后抽真空,真空度为40Pa,6小时后开始升华干燥,温度设置为50℃,时间为4小时,升华干燥后进行解析干燥,直至除去98%以上的水分后干燥结束,然后将所得固体用粉碎机粉碎得粗品青汁粉,粒径为350~400μm;③牛蒡子的干燥:将微波干燥机起始温度设置为90℃,放入牛蒡子,然后立即降温到60℃,在60℃下干燥6h,整个微波干燥过程保持鼓风;干燥后的牛蒡子重量为鲜重的1/4,含水量为3%;④牛蒡子的粉碎:将干燥后的牛蒡子用粉碎机粉碎,得到牛蒡子粉末,粒径为350~400μm;⑤将牛蒡子粉末与粗品青汁粉混合均匀,放入超微粉碎机粉碎后得到青汁粉,粒径为20~25μm;⑥混合,灭菌:将糖醇与竹盐加入到青汁粉中,混合均匀后紫外辐射灭菌即得成品青汁粉。制备出来的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉呈微青色,带有淡淡的清香味,便于携带与饮用,只需开水泡饮即可。
Claims (9)
1.一种高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其特征在于:其原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶8~10份,甜茶5~7份,桑叶3~5份,小球藻3~5份,牛蒡子1~3份,荷叶1~2份,糖醇1~2份,竹盐1~2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其特征在于:所述高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉原料各组分及重量份数为:藤茶10份,甜茶6份,桑叶4份,小球藻3.5份,牛蒡子3份,荷叶2份,糖醇1.5份,竹盐1份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉,其特征在于:所述藤茶、甜茶、桑叶、荷叶均采用采摘的鲜叶。
4.一种如权利要求1~3任一所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:(1)预处理①选料:选取新鲜的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻、牛蒡子和荷叶,剔除原料中有病虫害和腐烂部分;②清洗:先将原料放入清水中浸泡5~10min;然后取出置于氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠的混合溶液中,所述混合溶液中三者的质量比3~5:1~3:3~5;利用超声波发生装置对所述混合溶液施加超声波,超声波的频率是1MHz~5MHz;随后至于清水中震荡清洗5~10min,再漂洗2~3次即可;(2)制取青汁①切碎:将清洗后的藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶投入切碎机切碎成2~5cm;②叶片一次榨汁:将藤茶嫩叶、甜茶嫩叶、桑叶、小球藻和荷叶置于装有超声波震荡器的压榨机中,超声波震荡器的频率是1MHz~3MHz,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行一次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的一次汁液;③叶片二次榨汁:向压榨机中投入体积为一次榨汁后剩余物料体积2~2.3倍的清水或25%乙醇溶液,开启超声波震荡器和压榨机,进行二次榨汁,并收集此时榨出的二次汁液;④汁液离心:将一次汁液和二次汁液混合,投入离心罐,控制转速过5000~8000r/min离心10~15min,取上层清液得青汁;(3)制取青汁粉①均质:将青汁投入均质机,控制均质机压力为80~100MPa,进行均质处理10~15min;②青汁干燥制粉:将均质后的青汁放入真空冷冻干燥机进行真空冻干,温度设置为-40~-20℃,30~40分钟后抽真空,真空度为40~50Pa,6~8小时后开始升华干燥,温度设置为50~60℃,时间为4~6小时,升华干燥后进行解析干燥,直至除去98%以上的水分后干燥结束,然后将所得固体用粉碎机粉碎得粗品青汁粉,粒径为120~400μm;③牛蒡子的干燥:将微波干燥机起始温度设置为90℃,放入牛蒡子,然后立即降温到60℃,在60℃下干燥6-8h,整个微波干燥过程保持鼓风;④牛蒡子的粉碎:将干燥后的牛蒡子用粉碎机粉碎,得到牛蒡子粉末;⑤将牛蒡子粉末与粗品青汁粉混合均匀,放入超微粉碎机粉碎后得到青汁粉;⑥混合,灭菌:将称量好的糖醇与竹盐粉碎后加入到青汁粉中,混合均匀后灭菌即得高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉的制备方法,其特征在于:所述混合溶液中氯化钠、次氯酸钠和碳酸氢钠三者的质量比为5:2:4。
6.根据权利要求4所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉的制备方法,其特征在于:所述干燥后的牛蒡子重量为鲜重的1/5-1/4,含水量为3%以下。
7.根据权利要求4所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉的制备方法,其特征在于:所述粗品青汁粉和牛蒡子粉末的粒径为120~400μm。
8.根据权利要求4所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉的制备方法,其特征在于:所述青汁粉的粒径为10~25μm。
9.根据权利要求4所述的高膳食纤维藤茶青汁粉的制备方法,其特征在于:所述灭菌采用115~125℃高温灭菌或者紫外辐射灭菌。
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