CN109534919A - A kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizers, are made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 6 ~ 15 parts of rice husk biomass carbon, 3 ~ 8 parts of potassium fulvate, 4 ~ 9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18 ~ 25 parts of urea, 6 ~ 11 parts of lignin, 9 ~ 20 parts of montmorillonite, contains 1 ~ 5 part of bacterium concentrate, 8 ~ 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 14 ~ 18 parts of cornstarch, 1 ~ 3 part of oxalic acid, 0.2 ~ 0.5 part of silica at 15 ~ 26 parts of organic fertilizer of fermentation.The present invention also provides preparation methods, the microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, it can be realized the multiple controlled release of fertilizer efficiency, microorganism fungus kind quantity is more, survival rate is high, probiotics environment can be formed after application in the soil rapidly, improve soil fertilizer water holding capacity, moreover it is possible to improve the disease resistance of crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
China is agricultural development big country, and in the world maximum chemical fertilizer production and using country, year applying quantity of chemical fertilizer account for
The 35% of world's total amount, but the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer is far below developed country, wherein utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer 30%~50%, phosphate fertilizer this season
Utilization rate 8%~20%, potassium utilization rate about 50%.The utilization rate for improving fertilizer mitigates it to the pollution of environment with important
Meaning.Developing sustained-controll-release fertiliser is the important channel for solving the problems, such as this.
Microbial manure is mainly that a large amount of beneficial microorganism vital movements for relying on it to contain are completed.Currently, China
Microorganism fertilizer have developed rapidly, and kind is continuously increased, unstable but there are fertilizer efficiency, the disadvantages of vulnerable to such environmental effects.Micro- life
The addition of object rests on mostly is directly added into microbial germ powder, and in production and use process, microorganism fungus kind is exposed in the external world
In environment, vulnerable to temperature, pH, salt influence and inactivate, furthermore pulvis is easy when applying together with granular chemical fertilizer to be lost, Bu Nengyu
Soil effectively combines, and the bacteria agent number of viable for causing to actually enter in soil is less or active too low, can not play it
It answers powerful.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing microbial manure, the present invention provides a kind of microorganism fungus kind activity height, not easily run off, no
Generate the microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer of secondary pollution.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 6~15 parts of rice husk biomass carbon, hair
15~26 parts of ferment organic fertilizer, 4~9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18~25 parts of urea, 6~11 parts of lignin, covers 3~8 parts of potassium fulvate
De- 9~20 parts of soil contains 1~5 part of bacterium concentrate, 8~12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 14~18 parts of cornstarch, 1~3 part of oxalic acid, dioxy
0.2~0.5 part of SiClx.
Further, the biomass carbon is that appropriate montmorillonite is mixed in rice husk, under anoxic conditions 500 DEG C of high anneal cracks
Solution is prepared, 1.0~2.0mm of partial size.
Further, for the fermentation organic fertilizer using animal dung as raw material, corn stover is conditioner, is added after adjusting moisture content
Add biomass carbon, be uniformly mixed, be aerated and prepared for aerobe fermentation, crushed after being dried, partial size is 3~4mm.
Further, yeast waste liquor and the mass fraction for being 30% by mass fraction containing bacterium concentrate is 2% to answer
It closes microbial inoculum to be uniformly mixing to obtain, wherein complex microorganism bacterium solution is purple photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, huge
Bacillus and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering individually ferment, and the bacterium solution after fermentation is mixed to get, and living bacteria count >=2 ×
109cfu/g。
A kind of preparation method of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the fixation of microorganism: rice husk biomass carbon, 30 DEG C of constant temperature are added according to 30g/L to containing in bacterium concentrate
Shake culture abandons supernatant, with sterile water washing, nylon gauze is drained to get physical absorption biomass carbon to stationary phase in shaking table；
Physical absorption biomass carbon is laid into thin layer, 30 DEG C under confined conditions, in methyl orthosilicate atmosphere be incubated for 2h to get
Silica hydrogel biomass carbon takes out, 4 DEG C of stand for standby use；
Step 2: lignin/montmorillonite sustained release processing: lignin being added in reactor, is added water and stirred, is then added and covers
De- soil continues to stir 30min, adds urea, potassium fulvate, monoammonium phosphate, and drying is after heating stirring 30min to get wooden
Element/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer；
Step 3: the preparation of mixed material: the silication fixation of microbe and fermentation organic fertilizer that step 1 is prepared
Grain, lignin/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer pour into the rotary drum that rotary drum granulator is rotating, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixed material, standby
With；
Step 4: the preparation of coating liquid: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water, stir evenly, be heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature is to complete
Fully dissolved；Poly-vinyl alcohol solution is transferred in reactor, is cooled to 70 DEG C, oxalic acid, corn starch solution, titanium dioxide is added
Silicon is warming up to 80 DEG C, obtains glue, that is, coating liquid after insulation reaction 1h；
Step 5: coating is handled: the hybrid particles object high-pressure spray gun even application coating liquid into rotary drum is subsequently placed in hole
30 DEG C of dry 2~3h are in road drying device to get product.
Of the invention used containing complex microorganism bacterium solution is not only contained in bacterium concentrate, battalion can be provided for microorganism by also containing
Feeding yeast waste liquor selects rice husk biomass carbon to be used as microorganism carrier, and addition montmorillonite, can as catalyst when carbonization
Promote lignin carbonization, while reducing the production quantity of reducing sugar, furfural, organic acid, is inhaled in rice husk biomass carbon physics
While attached fixation of microbe, the nutritional ingredient in yeast waste liquor is also adsorbed by biomass carbon, guarantees that later period microbial life is living
Dynamic nutrition supply；In addition, the porous structure of rice husk biomass carbon can also avoid methyl orthosilicate pair in silication fixation procedure
The damage of microbial cells, so that microorganism fungus kind keeps very high survival rate.After compound fertilizer is administered in soil, rice husk is raw
Substance charcoal can rapidly in adsorption moisture and soil organic matter, used for microorganism, be conducive to the activity for improving microorganism, promote
Into its vital movement.
Urea exists in being manured into soil with molecular state, and crop is to the few of molecular state urea absorption, soil particle absorption
The ability of urea molecule is very weak, this results in being largely lost for urea nutrient, humus is rich in the organic fertilizer that ferments, with urea
Product NH after hydrolysis4 +It with the prefabricated geometry of covalent bond after contact, is fixed, is discharged again again when crop needs.Thus originally
Invention using multiple controlled release method, by urea and fermentation organic fertilizer it is reasonably combined, first use lignin/montmorillonite to urea into
The processing of row sustained release, lignin are polycyclic, solid netted macromolecule organic, there is 1/3 free phenol hydroxyl and catechol in molecule
Base has very strong chelating, can form a variety of chelates and complex compound with metal ion, to have slow release characteristic, with illiteracy
De- soil lamellar structure interweaves with forming honeycomb structure, further improves sustained release effect of montmorillonite, thus preferably performance pair
The slow releasing function of urea, monoammonium phosphate.In addition, lignin generates humic acid by microbial degradation in the soil, soil can be improved
Earth physicochemical property, improve soil permeability, prevent it is hardened.
The present invention carries out lignin/montmorillonite sustained release processing, Neng Gouchong after mixing potassium fulvate with urea, monoammonium phosphate
The effect of potassium fulvate " steady nitrogen mends phosphorus control potassium ", is waved in distribution, has first step slow-release function, potassium fulvate is a kind of pure natural mine
Species activity potassium element fertilizer, also containing a variety of nutrition such as microelement, rare earth element, plant growth regulator, viral inhibitors at
Point, make nutrient it is more sufficient, supply it is more reasonable, so as to avoid crop due to lacking element caused by various physiological disturbances hair
It is raw, keep the more vigorous leaf color of crop plant type more dark green, lodging tolerance is stronger.Potassium fulvate, which can be supplemented timely in soil, to be lost
Nutrient, make soil activating, have vitality.
Complex microorganism bacterium solution used in the present invention is purple photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and glue
Freeze sample bacillus individually to ferment, the bacterium solution after fermentation is mixed to get, living bacteria count >=2 × 109cfu/g.Compound fertilizer's system
It is combined by physical absorption in rice husk biomass carbon during standby, then deposits one layer of titanium dioxide on surface by the meteorological precipitation method
Silica hydrogel is sustained to prevent the loss of strain during production and transport with fermentation organic fertilizer particles, lignin/montmorillonite
Fertilizer coating again after mixing, reduces influence of the external environment to microbial activity significantly, is conducive to the activity of microorganism
It keeps；Biomass carbon provides suitable place for microbe survival and breeding, and after compound fertilizer is applied to soil, microorganism can
It using the nutriment in fermentation organic fertilizer, breeds rapidly, it is thus possible to improve plant root environment, promote crop plant to feeding
The absorption divided, to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.
Water absorption rate, stress and expansion and contraction are the important parameters of fertilizer coating material.Water absorption rate is lower, then coated fertilizer is slow
Release that effect is better, i.e., its ability for controlling nutrients release is better.And stress and retractility are stronger, film forming is better, and coating material
Material is less susceptible to be destroyed, also opposite to improve slow release effect.The addition of oxalic acid of the present invention is so that the reduction of hydrophilic radical hydroxyl, energy
The water absorption rate for enough significantly reducing polyvinyl alcohol film, increases the expansion and contraction of material, is conducive to the sustained release performance for improving coating, but same
Shi Zaocheng coated fertilizer stress decrease, further study show that the addition of silica can increase polyvinyl alcohol film significantly
Stress, while silica is firmly combined with oxalic acid/polyvinyl alcohol using the caking property of cornstarch, it impregnates in water
It is not easily broken dispersion, the requirement of production coated fertilizer is complied with, and degradable, not will cause secondary pollution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) microorganism fungus kind is fixed on rice by " two step fixations " by microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer provided by the invention
On shell biomass carbon carrier, microorganism fungus kind is prevented to be lost, adsorbing yeast waste liquor using biomass carbon in fixation procedure is strain
Store nutriment, solve microorganism fertilizer strain quantity it is few, production and use process in microbial activity easily it is affected by environment,
The problems such as strain is easy to run off；
(2) urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium fulvate, fermentation organic fertilizer are carried out rational proportion by the present invention, according to its release speed
The difference of rate mixes urea, monoammonium phosphate with potassium fulvate, this is the processing of first step sustained release, and it is de- then to carry out lignin/illiteracy
Soil processing, the processing of second step sustained release, then handled by last coating, totally three step sustained releases are handled；And the organic fertilizer that ferments only carries out most
Coating is handled afterwards, to realize the multiple controlled release of fertilizer efficiency, is provided and crop different stages of growth Different Nutrients demand phase
The nutrient of adaptation improves utilization rate of fertilizer, guarantees the entire growth cycle sufficient nutrient supply of crop, promotes increase harvest；
(3) microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer provided by the invention, preparation method is simple, raw materials used abundance, and price is low
It is honest and clean, and easily biological-degradable, secondary pollution will not be caused to soil.
Specific embodiment
Further to illustrate technological means and its effect adopted by the present invention, below according to preferred implementation of the invention
Example is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of rice husk biomass carbon, fermentation have
Machine fertilizer 15 parts, 3 parts of potassium fulvate, 4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18 parts of urea, 6 parts of lignin, 9 parts of montmorillonite, containing 1 part of bacterium concentrate,
8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 14 parts of cornstarch, 1 part of oxalic acid, 0.2 part of silica.
Further, the biomass carbon is that 500 DEG C of Pintsch process are prepared rice husk under anoxic conditions, partial size 1.0
~2.0mm.
Further, for the fermentation organic fertilizer using animal dung as raw material, corn stover is conditioner, is added after adjusting moisture content
Add biomass carbon, be uniformly mixed, be aerated and prepared for aerobe fermentation, crushed after being dried, partial size is 3~4mm.
Further, yeast waste liquor and the mass fraction for being 30% by mass fraction containing bacterium concentrate is 2% to answer
It closes microbial inoculum to be uniformly mixing to obtain, wherein complex microorganism bacterium solution is purple photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, huge
Bacillus and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering individually ferment, and the bacterium solution after fermentation is mixed to get, and living bacteria count >=2 ×
109cfu/g。
A kind of preparation method of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the fixation of microorganism: rice husk biomass carbon, 30 DEG C of constant temperature are added according to 30g/L to containing in bacterium concentrate
Shake culture abandons supernatant, with sterile water washing, nylon gauze is drained to get physical absorption biomass carbon to stationary phase in shaking table；
Physical absorption biomass carbon is laid into thin layer, 30 DEG C under confined conditions, in methyl orthosilicate atmosphere be incubated for 2h to get
Silica hydrogel biomass carbon takes out, 4 DEG C of stand for standby use；
Step 2: lignin/montmorillonite sustained release processing: lignin being added in reactor, is added water and stirred, is then added and covers
De- soil continues to stir 30min, adds urea, potassium fulvate, monoammonium phosphate, and drying is after heating stirring 30min to get wooden
Element/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer；
Step 3: the preparation of mixed material: the silication fixation of microbe and fermentation organic fertilizer that step 1 is prepared
Grain, lignin/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer pour into the rotary drum that rotary drum granulator is rotating, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixed material, standby
With；
Step 4: the preparation of coating liquid: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water, stir evenly, be heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature is to complete
Fully dissolved；Poly-vinyl alcohol solution is transferred in reactor, is cooled to 70 DEG C, oxalic acid, corn starch solution, titanium dioxide is added
Silicon is warming up to 80 DEG C, obtains glue, that is, coating liquid after insulation reaction 1h；
Step 5: coating is handled: the hybrid particles object high-pressure spray gun even application coating liquid into rotary drum is subsequently placed in hole
30 DEG C of dry 2~3h are in road drying device to get product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of rice husk biomass carbon, fermentation have
Machine fertilizer 18 parts, 6 parts of potassium fulvate, 7 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 22 parts of urea, 9 parts of lignin, 15 parts of montmorillonite, containing 4 parts of bacterium concentrate,
10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 16 parts of cornstarch, 2 parts of oxalic acid, 0.3 part of silica.
Further, the biomass carbon is that 500 DEG C of Pintsch process are prepared rice husk under anoxic conditions, partial size 1.0
~2.0mm.
Further, for the fermentation organic fertilizer using animal dung as raw material, corn stover is conditioner, is added after adjusting moisture content
Add biomass carbon, be uniformly mixed, be aerated and prepared for aerobe fermentation, crushed after being dried, partial size is 3~4mm.
Further, yeast waste liquor and the mass fraction for being 30% by mass fraction containing bacterium concentrate is 2% to answer
It closes microbial inoculum to be uniformly mixing to obtain, wherein complex microorganism bacterium solution is purple photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, huge
Bacillus and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering individually ferment, and the bacterium solution after fermentation is mixed to get, and living bacteria count >=2 ×
109cfu/g。
A kind of preparation method of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the fixation of microorganism: rice husk biomass carbon, 30 DEG C of constant temperature are added according to 30g/L to containing in bacterium concentrate
Shake culture abandons supernatant, with sterile water washing, nylon gauze is drained to get physical absorption biomass carbon to stationary phase in shaking table；
Physical absorption biomass carbon is laid into thin layer, 30 DEG C under confined conditions, in methyl orthosilicate atmosphere be incubated for 2h to get
Silica hydrogel biomass carbon takes out, 4 DEG C of stand for standby use；
Step 2: lignin/montmorillonite sustained release processing: lignin being added in reactor, is added water and stirred, is then added and covers
De- soil continues to stir 30min, adds urea, potassium fulvate, monoammonium phosphate, and drying is after heating stirring 30min to get wooden
Element/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer；
Step 3: the preparation of mixed material: the silication fixation of microbe and fermentation organic fertilizer that step 1 is prepared
Grain, lignin/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer pour into the rotary drum that rotary drum granulator is rotating, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixed material, standby
With；
Step 4: the preparation of coating liquid: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water, stir evenly, be heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature is to complete
Fully dissolved；Poly-vinyl alcohol solution is transferred in reactor, is cooled to 70 DEG C, oxalic acid, corn starch solution, titanium dioxide is added
Silicon is warming up to 80 DEG C, obtains glue, that is, coating liquid after insulation reaction 1h；
Step 5: coating is handled: the hybrid particles object high-pressure spray gun even application coating liquid into rotary drum is subsequently placed in hole
30 DEG C of dry 2~3h are in road drying device to get product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 15 parts of rice husk biomass carbon, fermentation have
26 parts of machine fertilizer, 9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 25 parts of urea, 11 parts of lignin, 20 parts of montmorillonite, contains bacterium concentrate 5 at 8 parts of potassium fulvate
Part, 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 18 parts of cornstarch, 3 parts of oxalic acid, 0.5 part of silica.
Further, the biomass carbon is that 500 DEG C of Pintsch process are prepared rice husk under anoxic conditions, partial size 1.0
~2.0mm.
Further, for the fermentation organic fertilizer using animal dung as raw material, corn stover is conditioner, is added after adjusting moisture content
Add biomass carbon, be uniformly mixed, be aerated and prepared for aerobe fermentation, crushed after being dried, partial size is 3~4mm.
Further, yeast waste liquor and the mass fraction for being 30% by mass fraction containing bacterium concentrate is 2% to answer
It closes microbial inoculum to be uniformly mixing to obtain, wherein complex microorganism bacterium solution is purple photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, huge
Bacillus and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering individually ferment, and the bacterium solution after fermentation is mixed to get, and living bacteria count >=2 ×
109cfu/g。
A kind of preparation method of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the fixation of microorganism: rice husk biomass carbon, 30 DEG C of constant temperature are added according to 30g/L to containing in bacterium concentrate
Shake culture abandons supernatant, with sterile water washing, nylon gauze is drained to get physical absorption biomass carbon to stationary phase in shaking table；
Physical absorption biomass carbon is laid into thin layer, 30 DEG C under confined conditions, in methyl orthosilicate atmosphere be incubated for 2h to get
Silica hydrogel biomass carbon takes out, 4 DEG C of stand for standby use；
Step 2: lignin/montmorillonite sustained release processing: lignin being added in reactor, is added water and stirred, is then added and covers
De- soil continues to stir 30min, adds urea, potassium fulvate, monoammonium phosphate, and drying is after heating stirring 30min to get wooden
Element/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer；
Step 3: the preparation of mixed material: the silication fixation of microbe and fermentation organic fertilizer that step 1 is prepared
Grain, lignin/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer pour into the rotary drum that rotary drum granulator is rotating, and are uniformly mixed, obtain mixed material, standby
With；
Step 4: the preparation of coating liquid: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water, stir evenly, be heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature is to complete
Fully dissolved；Poly-vinyl alcohol solution is transferred in reactor, is cooled to 70 DEG C, oxalic acid, corn starch solution, titanium dioxide is added
Silicon is warming up to 80 DEG C, obtains glue, that is, coating liquid after insulation reaction 1h；
Step 5: coating is handled: the hybrid particles object high-pressure spray gun even application coating liquid into rotary drum is subsequently placed in hole
30 DEG C of dry 2~3h are in road drying device to get product.
Comparative example 1
In addition to without containing bacterium concentrate, i.e., unlocked microorganism on rice husk biomass carbon used, remaining is the same as embodiment 2.
Comparative example 2
In addition to without potassium fulvate, remaining is the same as embodiment 2.
Comparative example 3
In addition to without lignin, i.e., sustained release processing only is carried out with montmorillonite in step 2, remaining is the same as embodiment 2.
Chinese cabbage growth test
Test method: test carries out in the Zhengzhou City Henan Province Zhongmou County town Huang Dian vegetable plot.Six groups of processing, each processing are set
If three repetitions, totally 9 regions, the long 10m in each region, width 2m.CK is that fertilizer treatment, T1 are not common urea processing, and T2 is
The processing of embodiment 2, T3 are the processing of comparative example 1, and T4 is the processing of comparative example 2, and T5 is the processing of comparative example 3.All processing, which are converted, is
Identical nitrogen content is " Tianjin 60 " for examination breeds of Chinese cabbage, on July 26th, 2017 starts to plant, other farming operations are all the same.11
It carries out for 2nd the moon surveying producing harvest.Repeat region is averaged.The results are shown in Table 1.
The influence that 1 different disposal of table grows Chinese cabbage
| Processing | Stem thickness (cm) | Yield (t/hm2) |
| CK | 30.26±0.65 | 61.48±1.53 |
| T1 | 32.14±0.85 | 65.73±1.26 |
| T2 | 37.81±0.66 | 76.24±1.51 |
| T3 | 34.24±1.02 | 68.57±1.65 |
| T4 | 35.59±0.94 | 70.09±1.42 |
| T5 | 34.88±1.25 | 71.46±1.38 |
From table 1 it follows that the Chinese cabbage stem thickness and yield of all fertilizer treatments are above the processing CK not applied fertilizer.With
The CK not applied fertilizer is compared, the processing stem thickness of common urea increases 2cm or so, output increased 6.91%；Compared with CK, locating
It manages in T2, T3, T4, T5, Chinese cabbage yield has been respectively increased 24%, 11.53%, 14% and 16.24%.With the place for applying common urea
Manage T1 in comparison, embodiment 2, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 effectively increase Chinese cabbage stem thickness and Chinese cabbage yield.This
It is that there are multiple nutritional components, also there is sustained release performance since rear four kinds of processing fertilizer is compared to single urea.Comparative example 1 is free of
Containing bacterium concentrate, Chinese cabbage stem thickness and yield are significantly lower than embodiment 2, and disease incidence is also above embodiment 2, this is because institute
The photosynthetic bacteria of addition can increase biological nitrogen fixation, improve rhizosphere fixed nitrogen effect, promote soil fertility, bacillus subtilis
It is able to suppress the growth and breeding of pathogen, plays antibacterial and protection effect, moreover it is possible to accelerate nutriment humification, retain water and nutrients mention
High utilization rate of fertilizer.Comparative example 2 is free of potassium fulvate, and Chinese cabbage stem thickness and yield are below embodiment 2, this is because without yellow rotten
Sour potassium, first step slowly releasing effect disappears, while also having lacked potash fertilizer, microelement, rare earth element, plant growth regulator, disease
The multiple nutritional components such as malicious inhibitor cause 2 Chinese cabbage growing way of comparative example and yield to decline.Comparative example 3 is free of lignin, Chinese cabbage stem
Thick and yield decreases than embodiment 2, this is because causing second step slowly releasing effect to weaken without lignin.
Wheat field experiment
Test method: test carries out in the Zhengzhou City Henan Province Zhongmou County town Huang Dian crop field.Select illumination abundance, topography flat
The plot whole, soil fertility is medium carries out wheat planting as experimental field, will experimental field be divided into two pieces, and one piece of application is commercially available
Biologic compound fertilizer, the microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer that another piece of application embodiment of the present invention 2 provides, dose is identical, and 2017
Sowing on October 1, other planting conditions are identical, after on June 1st, 2018 harvests, compare the wheat yield on two pieces of ground, apply this hair
The plot for the microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer that bright embodiment 2 provides increases production compared with the plot for applying commercially available biologic compound fertilizer
30.5%.
To sum up, microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer provided by the invention, microorganism fungus kind quantity is more, survival rate is high, energy after application
It is enough to form probiotics environment in the soil rapidly, promote crumb structure to be formed, improve soil fertilizer water holding capacity, increases soil and dredge
Looseness promotes root growth.The present invention can be realized the multiple controlled release of fertilizer efficiency, there is synergistic effect between each component used,
Nutrient corresponding with crops different stages of growth Different Nutrients demand is provided, utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, good water-retaining property is reduced
Input cost, compared with commercially available bio-feritlizer, microorganism fungus kind not easy in inactivation and loss, fertilizer efficiency and good water-retaining property can improve agriculture
Crop yield, moreover it is possible to improve the disease resistance of crops.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, ability
Other modifications or equivalent replacement that domain those of ordinary skill makes technical solution of the present invention, without departing from skill of the present invention
The spirit and scope of art scheme, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, which is characterized in that be made of the raw material of following parts by weight: rice husk biomass carbon 6 ~
15 parts, fermentation 15 ~ 26 parts of organic fertilizer, 3 ~ 8 parts of potassium fulvate, 4 ~ 9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18 ~ 25 parts of urea, 6 ~ 11 parts of lignin,
9 ~ 20 parts of montmorillonite contains 1 ~ 5 part of bacterium concentrate, 8 ~ 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 14 ~ 18 parts of cornstarch, 1 ~ 3 part of oxalic acid, titanium dioxide
0.2 ~ 0.5 part of silicon.
2. microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biomass carbon is to mix in rice husk
Enter appropriate montmorillonite, 500 DEG C of Pintsch process are prepared under anoxic conditions, 1.0 ~ 2.0 mm of partial size.
3. microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fermentation organic fertilizer is with animal dung
Raw material, corn stover are conditioner, add biomass carbon after adjusting moisture content, are uniformly mixed, and are aerated and are prepared for aerobe fermentation, are done
It is crushed after dry, partial size is 3 ~ 4 mm.
4. microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bacterium concentrate that contains is by mass fraction
The complex microorganism bacterium solution that yeast waste liquor for 30% is 2% with mass fraction is uniformly mixing to obtain, wherein complex microorganism bacterium solution
It individually ferments for purple photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, by the bacterium after fermentation
Liquid is mixed to get, living bacteria count >=2 × 109 cfu/g。
5. a kind of preparation method of any one according to claim 1 ~ 4 microorganism slow-release compound fertilizer, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
Step 1: the fixation of microorganism: to containing rice husk biomass carbon is added according to 30 g/L in bacterium concentrate, 30 DEG C of constant temperature are shaken
Shake culture abandons supernatant, with sterile water washing, nylon gauze is drained to get physical absorption biomass carbon to stationary phase in bed；It will
Physical absorption biomass carbon is laid into thin layer, and 30 DEG C are under confined conditions, be incubated in methyl orthosilicate atmosphere 2 h to get
Silica hydrogel biomass carbon takes out, 4 DEG C of stand for standby use；
Step 2: lignin/montmorillonite sustained release processing: lignin being added in reactor, is added water and stirred, it is de- that illiteracy is then added
Soil continues to stir 30 min, adds urea, potassium fulvate, monoammonium phosphate, and drying is after 30 min of heating stirring to get wooden
Element/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer；
Step 3: the preparation of mixed material: the silication fixation of microbe and fermentation organic fertilizer particles, wood that step 1 is prepared
Quality/montmorillonite slow-release fertilizer pours into the rotary drum that rotary drum granulator is rotating, and is uniformly mixed, obtains mixed material, spare；
Step 4: the preparation of coating liquid: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water, stir evenly, be heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature is to complete
Dissolution；Poly-vinyl alcohol solution is transferred in reactor, is cooled to 70 DEG C, oxalic acid, corn starch solution, silica is added,
80 DEG C are warming up to, obtains glue, that is, coating liquid after 1 h of insulation reaction；
Step 5: coating is handled: it is dry to be subsequently placed in trunk for the hybrid particles object high-pressure spray gun even application coating liquid into rotary drum
30 DEG C of 2 ~ 3 h of drying are in dry device to get product.
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| CN109879705A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-14 | 新昌县大船畈生物科技有限公司 | Polynary microbial manure of corn stover fermenting and producing and preparation method thereof |
| CN110330377A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-15 | 湖北仙粼化工有限公司 | Multi-Functional Fertilizers and its steam granulation fertilizer manufacture |
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