CN109496727A - Make the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between a kind of corn, peanut - Google Patents
Make the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between a kind of corn, peanut Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496727A CN109496727A CN201811378183.5A CN201811378183A CN109496727A CN 109496727 A CN109496727 A CN 109496727A CN 201811378183 A CN201811378183 A CN 201811378183A CN 109496727 A CN109496727 A CN 109496727A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to make the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between a kind of corn, peanut.Make the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut of the present invention; on the basis of existing intercropping plant mode; the xylitol solution for being utilized respectively mass concentration 2-3wt% carries out protectiveness processing to corn seed; and protectiveness processing is carried out to peanut seed using the mannitol solution of mass concentration 0.5-1.5wt%; in such a way that seed impregnates and is sprayed on kind of plant hole; corn, peanut and the yield of winter wheat are greatly improved, unexpected technical effect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to make the plantation side of lower stubble winter wheat between a kind of corn, peanut
Method.
Background technique
Intercropping and interplanting is the marrow of Chinese traditional agriculture, is had a long history, and is all done in traditional agriculture and now agricultural
Tremendous contribution is gone out.The natural resources such as reasonable intercropping and interplanting mode energy intensive utilization light, heat, fertilizer, water, and increase field biological
One of multifarious effective measures, enhancing crop resist pest and disease damage and lodging tolerance, improve land area of one unit productivity.With
Population increase, the rigidity of grain demand is increased, intercropping and interplanting plantation is increasingly paid attention to and inquired by domestic and international agricultural experts.
Make to be that a kind of typical undergraduate course crop and legume intercropping mode, leguminous plant can be total with rhizobium between corn, peanut
Growing nitrogen-fixing not only can provide the nitrogen and getting fat soil fertility of leguminous plant itself, or improvement soil texture, increases soil fertility, ties up
Hold an important ecological response of the lasting productivity of soil.And the nitrogen that leguminous plant is fixed can also generate lower stubble plant
Beneficial effect, it was reported that just having 280g in every kilogram of the nitrogen accumulated in first batch of cereal crop is directly from first crop leguminous plant
(Glasener et al, 2002) obtained in the nitrogen fixed.Also some researches show that after legume harvest, soil is effective
State nitrogen NO3 -Content can generally improve 30kgN/hm2Left and right, and then promote the growth and development of second stubble crop.
Since corn competition stronger to nitrogen reduces the nitrogen content of peanut rhizosphere soil, peanut isoflavones gene is stimulated
Biosynthesis, induce the transcript and expression of the rhizobium nodulation gene of its symbiosis.To improve the dross and root of Roots of Peanut
The activity of tumor bacterium azotase, improves the nitrogen fixing capacity of peanut, increases amount of nitrogen fixation, improves in grass family and pulse family system
Nitrogen nutrition also improves nutrition foundation for the growth of second stubble crop.Based on corn, peanut Wheat yield, the stubble winter is small under interplanting
The plantation of wheat has biggish economic value to agricultural production.
Summary of the invention
For this purpose, technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide the plantation for making lower stubble winter wheat between a kind of corn, peanut
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, make the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut of the present invention, including
Following steps:
(1) plantation made between corn, peanut
Thin rake of deep ploughing is carried out to planting site, and takes the corn and peanut seed of full grains respectively, it is spare；
When plantation, to plant 2 row corns between 3 row peanuts, and controlling peanut line-spacing is 25-35 centimetres, and hill spacing is 20-25 lis
Rice, 2-3 peanut seeds of every cave program request；Row spacing of maize is 45-55 centimetres, and hill spacing is 30-35 centimetres, and every cave program request 2-3 beautiful
Rice seed；Line-spacing between corn and peanut is 62-66 centimetres, and it is interlaced to control corn cave and peanut cave；
Lower peanut cultivation fertilizer is spread in the cave of program request peanut and peanut inspires nutrient solution, and lower jade is spread in the cave of program request corn
Rice plantation fertilizer and corn inspire nutrient solution, then with the peanut seed and corn seed in the soil covering cave by cave；
Carrying out screening when to peanut and maize seedling plant height being 15-25 centimetres stays seedling to handle, and selects root just and healthy and strong
Seedling leaves, and each corn cave and peanut cave stay two plants, and selects root to have two plants of certain interval to leave in same cave；
Progress first time weeding fertilising in 10-20 days after seedling is stayed in screening, is carried out second within 55-65 days after first time weeding fertilising
Weeding fertilising；And it can be harvested when there is flower yellow leaf to peanut, harvesting when whitening of drying up to bracteal leaf of corn；
(2) plantation of stubble winter wheat under
At the beginning of 10 months of current year, after taking wheat seed to dry, Dressing is carried out with seed dressing, and by the wheat after seed dressing
Seed is sowed；
In the spring in next year, when ground temperature goes back up to 5 DEG C or more, gently pours and turn green water and carry out top dressing；
Florescence irrigation is carried out to wheat in late March in next year；Wheat is sprayed in third day after the florescence irrigates
Spill cycocel；
In late May in next year, pustulation period irrigation is carried out to wheat；And wheat is harvested in harvest time.
In the step (1), the peanut inspires the mannitol solution that nutrient solution is mass concentration 0.5-1.5wt%.
In the step (1), the corn inspires the xylitol solution that nutrient solution is mass concentration 2-3wt%.
It further include before planting that the corn seed is molten in the xylitol of mass concentration 2-3wt% in the step (1)
The step of 8-12h and drying is impregnated in liquid.
It further include before planting by the peanut seed in the sweet dew of mass concentration 0.5-1.5wt% in the step (1)
Carry out impregnating the step of 60-90min and drying in sugar alcohol solution.
In the step (1), the peanut cultivation fertilizer is rice-straw ash, and the corn planting fertilizer is ox barnyard manure.
In the step (2), the wheat seed according to thousand grams/acre of 10-20 plantation amount and 3-6cm planting depth into
Row plantation.
In the step (2), the seed dressing obtains golden for grain.
In the step (2), the fountain height of the cycocel is that 2-3mL cycocel is taken to be diluted with water to 50 kilograms per acre.
In the step (2), the top dressing step is additional nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, wherein applying phosphorus (P2O5) measure as 100-
120kg.hm-2, apply potassium (K2O) amount is 100-120kg.hm-2, amount of nitrogen 157-270kg.hm-2。
The implantation methods for making lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut of the present invention, on the basis of existing intercropping plant mode
On, the xylitol solution for being utilized respectively mass concentration 2-3wt% carries out protectiveness processing to corn seed, and utilizes mass concentration
The mannitol solution of 0.5-1.5wt% carries out protectiveness processing to peanut seed, and plantation is impregnated and be sprayed on by seed
The mode in cave greatly improves corn, peanut and the yield of winter wheat, achieves unexpected technical effect.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods for making lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut described in the present embodiment, include the following steps:
(1) plantation made between corn, peanut
Thin rake of deep ploughing is carried out to planting site, before planting 12h, takes the corn seed Zheng Dan 958 of full grains dense in quality
It spends in the xylitol solution of 2wt% and impregnates 12h and naturally dry to room temperature, the peanut seed flower of full grains is taken to educate 22 in quality
It carries out impregnating 60min in the mannitol solution of concentration 1.5wt% and naturally dries to room temperature, it is spare；
When plantation, to plant 2 row corns between 3 row peanuts, and controlling peanut line-spacing is 25 centimetres, and hill spacing is 20 centimetres, every cave
2 peanut seeds of program request；Row spacing of maize is 45 centimetres, and hill spacing is 30 centimetres, 2 corn seeds of every cave program request；Corn and peanut
Between line-spacing be 62 centimetres, and it is interlaced to control corn cave and peanut cave；
The rice-straw ash of lower standard volume and the mannitol solution of mass concentration 0.5wt% are spread in the cave of program request peanut
50mL spreads the ox barnyard manure of lower standard volume and the xylitol solution 50mL of mass concentration 2wt% in the cave of program request corn, then uses
The peanut seed and corn seed in soil covering cave by cave；
Carrying out screening when to peanut and maize seedling plant height being 15-25 centimetres stays seedling to handle, and selects root just and healthy and strong
Seedling leaves, and each corn cave and peanut cave stay two plants, and selects root to have two plants of certain interval to leave in same cave；
Screening stay progresss first time weeding in 10-20 days and application conventional fertilizer after seedling, first time weeding to apply fertilizer after 55-65 days into
Second of weeding of row and application conventional fertilizer；And can be harvested when there is flower yellow leaf to peanut, it dries up and whitens to bracteal leaf of corn
When harvest；Through detecting, the topsoil soils content of organic matter is 1.25%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 67.3mgkg-1, rapid available phosphorus
13.77mg·kg-1, available potassium 131.2mgkg-1；
(2) plantation of stubble winter wheat under
At the beginning of 10 months of current year, after taking wheat seed Jimai 22 to dry, golden seed dressing is obtained with the grain of standard volume and is dressed seed
Processing, and by the wheat seed after seed dressing in plantation amount and 3- in the kind plant hole of the corn and peanut according to 10,000 grams/acre
The planting depth of 6cm carries out plantation sowing；
In the spring in next year, when ground temperature goes back up to 5 DEG C or more, gently pours and turn green water and carry out top dressing (urea
484.8kg.hm-2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 261kg.hm-2, potassium sulfate 204kg.hm-2)；
Florescence irrigation is carried out to wheat in late March in next year；Wheat is sprayed in third day after the florescence irrigates
Cycocel is spilt, the fountain height of the cycocel is that 2-3mL cycocel is taken to be diluted with water to 50 kilograms per acre；
In late May in next year, pustulation period normal irrigation is carried out to wheat；And wheat is harvested in harvest time.
Embodiment 2
The implantation methods for making lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut described in the present embodiment, include the following steps:
(1) plantation made between corn, peanut
Thin rake of deep ploughing is carried out to planting site, before planting 12h, takes the corn seed Zheng Dan 958 of full grains dense in quality
It spends in the xylitol solution of 3wt% and impregnates 8h and naturally dry to room temperature, the peanut seed flower of full grains is taken to educate 22 in quality
It carries out impregnating 90min in the mannitol solution of concentration 0.5wt% and naturally dries to room temperature, it is spare；
When plantation, to plant 2 row corns between 3 row peanuts, and controlling peanut line-spacing is 35 centimetres, and hill spacing is 25 centimetres, every cave
3 peanut seeds of program request；Row spacing of maize is 55 centimetres, and hill spacing is 35 centimetres, 3 corn seeds of every cave program request；Corn and peanut
Between line-spacing be 66 centimetres, and it is interlaced to control corn cave and peanut cave；
The rice-straw ash of lower standard volume and the mannitol solution of mass concentration 1.5wt% are spread in the cave of program request peanut
50mL spreads the ox barnyard manure of lower standard volume and the xylitol solution 50mL of mass concentration 3wt% in the cave of program request corn, then uses
The peanut seed and corn seed in soil covering cave by cave；
Carrying out screening when to peanut and maize seedling plant height being 15-25 centimetres stays seedling to handle, and selects root just and healthy and strong
Seedling leaves, and each corn cave and peanut cave stay two plants, and selects root to have two plants of certain interval to leave in same cave；
Screening stay progresss first time weeding in 10-20 days and application conventional fertilizer after seedling, first time weeding to apply fertilizer after 55-65 days into
Second of weeding of row and application conventional fertilizer；And can be harvested when there is flower yellow leaf to peanut, it dries up and whitens to bracteal leaf of corn
When harvest；
(2) plantation of stubble winter wheat under
At the beginning of 10 months of current year, after taking wheat seed Jimai 22 to dry, golden seed dressing is obtained with the grain of standard volume and is dressed seed
Processing, and by the wheat seed after seed dressing in plantation amount and 3- in the kind plant hole of the corn and peanut according to 20,000 grams/acre
The planting depth of 6cm carries out plantation sowing；
In the spring in next year, when ground temperature goes back up to 5 DEG C or more, gently pours and turn green water and carry out top dressing (urea
240.2kg.hm-2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 261kg.hm-2, potassium sulfate 204kg.hm-2)；
Florescence irrigation is carried out to wheat in late March in next year；Wheat is sprayed in third day after the florescence irrigates
Cycocel is spilt, the fountain height of the cycocel is that 2-3mL cycocel is taken to be diluted with water to 50 kilograms per acre；
In late May in next year, pustulation period normal irrigation is carried out to wheat；And wheat is harvested in harvest time.
Embodiment 3
The implantation methods for making lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut described in the present embodiment, include the following steps:
(1) plantation made between corn, peanut
Thin rake of deep ploughing is carried out to planting site, before planting 12h, takes the corn seed Zheng Dan 958 of full grains dense in quality
It spends in the xylitol solution of 2.5wt% and impregnates 10h and naturally dry to room temperature, the peanut seed flower of full grains is taken to educate 22 in matter
It measures and carries out impregnating 75min in the mannitol solution of concentration 1wt% and naturally dry to room temperature, it is spare；
When plantation, to plant 2 row corns between 3 row peanuts, and controlling peanut line-spacing is 30 centimetres, and hill spacing is 22 centimetres, every cave
2 peanut seeds of program request；Row spacing of maize is 50 centimetres, and hill spacing is 32 centimetres, 3 corn seeds of every cave program request；Corn and peanut
Between line-spacing be 64 centimetres, and it is interlaced to control corn cave and peanut cave；
The rice-straw ash of lower standard volume and the mannitol solution 50mL of mass concentration 1wt% are spread in the cave of program request peanut,
The ox barnyard manure of lower standard volume and the xylitol solution 50mL of mass concentration 2.5wt% are spread in the cave of program request corn, then use cave
Peanut seed and corn seed in other soil covering cave；
Carrying out screening when to peanut and maize seedling plant height being 15-25 centimetres stays seedling to handle, and selects root just and healthy and strong
Seedling leaves, and each corn cave and peanut cave stay two plants, and selects root to have two plants of certain interval to leave in same cave；
Screening stay progresss first time weeding in 10-20 days and application conventional fertilizer after seedling, first time weeding to apply fertilizer after 55-65 days into
Second of weeding of row and application conventional fertilizer；And can be harvested when there is flower yellow leaf to peanut, it dries up and whitens to bracteal leaf of corn
When harvest；
(2) plantation of stubble winter wheat under
At the beginning of 10 months of current year, after taking wheat seed Jimai 22 to dry, golden seed dressing is obtained with the grain of standard volume and is dressed seed
Processing, and by the wheat seed after seed dressing in the kind plant hole of the corn and peanut, plantation amount and 3- according to 15,000 grams/acre
The planting depth of 6cm carries out plantation sowing；
In the spring in next year, when ground temperature goes back up to 5 DEG C or more, gently pours and turn green water and carry out top dressing (urea 387kg.hm-2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 261kg.hm-2, potassium sulfate 204kg.hm-2)；
Florescence irrigation is carried out to wheat in late March in next year；Wheat is sprayed in third day after the florescence irrigates
Cycocel is spilt, the fountain height of the cycocel is that 2-3mL cycocel is taken to be diluted with water to 50 kilograms per acre；
In late May in next year, pustulation period normal irrigation is carried out to wheat；And wheat is harvested in harvest time.
Comparative example 1
The implantation methods for making lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut described in this comparative example are same as Example 3, and difference only exists
In not applying that the corn inspires nutrient solution and peanut inspires nutrient solution in the step (1).
Comparative example 2
The implantation methods for making lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut described in this comparative example are same as Example 3, and difference only exists
In in the step (1), the soaking step of the corn and peanut seed is only carried out with clear water.
Comparative example 3
The implantation methods for making lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut described in this comparative example are same as Example 3, and difference only exists
In, in the step (1), do not apply that the corn inspires nutrient solution and peanut inspires nutrient solution, meanwhile, the corn and peanut
The soaking step of seed is only carried out with clear water.
Experimental example
Method in -3 and comparative example 1-3 in accordance with the above-mentioned embodiment 1, in 2015-2016 in Dezhou City Shandong Province Linyi County
Enrich people home farm experimental plot progress planting experiment, and the yield (kg/hm of record corn, peanut and wheat respectively in Deping town2),
It is recorded in the following table 1.
| Number | Corn (kg/hm2) | Peanut (kg/hm2) | Winter wheat (kg/hm2) |
| Embodiment 1 | 13529.4 | 3621.5 | 12110.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 14087.2 | 3745.7 | 12335.8 |
| Embodiment 3 | 16318.4 | 3922.0 | 13726.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 10124.8 | 2374.6 | 9298.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 10945.7 | 2833.9 | 9972.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 8105.9 | 1532.8 | 7022.5 |
From upper table data as it can be seen that making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut of the present invention, make at existing
On the basis of planting patterns, by it is specific inspire nutrient solution seed is impregnated and is planted plant hole sprinkling in the way of, substantially
Improve corn, peanut and the yield of winter wheat.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between a kind of corn, peanut, which comprises the steps of:
(1) plantation made between corn, peanut
Thin rake of deep ploughing is carried out to planting site, and takes the corn and peanut seed of full grains respectively, it is spare；
When plantation, to plant 2 row corns between 3 row peanuts, and controlling peanut line-spacing is 25-35 centimetres, and hill spacing is 20-25 centimetres, often
2-3 peanut seeds of cave program request；Row spacing of maize is 45-55 centimetres, and hill spacing is 30-35 centimetres, 2-3 maize seeds of every cave program request
Son；Line-spacing between corn and peanut is 62-66 centimetres, and it is interlaced to control corn cave and peanut cave；
Lower peanut cultivation fertilizer is spread in the cave of program request peanut and peanut inspires nutrient solution, and lower maize seed is spread in the cave of program request corn
It plants fertilizer and corn inspires nutrient solution, then with the peanut seed and corn seed in the soil covering cave by cave；
Carrying out screening when to peanut and maize seedling plant height being 15-25 centimetres stays seedling to handle, and selects root just and healthy and strong seedling stays
Under, each corn cave and peanut cave stay two plants, and select root to have two plants of certain interval to leave in same cave；
Progress first time weeding fertilising in 10-20 days after seedling, second of the weeding of progress in 55-65 days after first time weeding fertilising are stayed in screening
Fertilising；And it can be harvested when there is flower yellow leaf to peanut, harvesting when whitening of drying up to bracteal leaf of corn；
(2) plantation of stubble winter wheat under
At the beginning of 10 months of current year, after taking wheat seed to dry, Dressing is carried out with seed dressing, and by the wheat seed after seed dressing
It is sowed；
In the spring in next year, when ground temperature goes back up to 5 DEG C or more, gently pours and turn green water and carry out top dressing；
Florescence irrigation is carried out to wheat in late March in next year；Wheat is sprayed short in third day after the florescence irrigates
Strong element；
In late May in next year, pustulation period irrigation is carried out to wheat；And wheat is harvested in harvest time.
2. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(1) in, the peanut inspires the mannitol solution that nutrient solution is mass concentration 0.5-1.5wt%.
3. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
In step (1), the corn inspires the xylitol solution that nutrient solution is mass concentration 2-3wt%.
4. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that
It further include before planting impregnating the corn seed in the xylitol solution of mass concentration 2-3wt% in the step (1)
8-12h and the step of drying.
5. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that
It further include before planting by the peanut seed in the mannitol solution of mass concentration 0.5-1.5wt% in the step (1)
The middle step for carrying out impregnating 60-90min and drying.
6. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that
In the step (1), the peanut cultivation fertilizer is rice-straw ash, and the corn planting fertilizer is ox barnyard manure.
7. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that
In the step (2), the wheat seed is planted according to thousand grams/acre of 10-20 of plantation amount and the planting depth of 3-6cm.
8. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that
In the step (2), the seed dressing obtains golden for grain.
9. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between corn, peanut according to claim 1-8, which is characterized in that
In the step (2), the fountain height of the cycocel is that 2-3mL cycocel is taken to be diluted with water to 50 kilograms per acre.
10. making the implantation methods of lower stubble winter wheat between -9 described in any item corn, peanuts according to claim 1, feature exists
In in the step (2), the top dressing step is additional nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, wherein applying phosphorus (P2O5) measure as 100-120kg.hm-2,
Apply potassium (K2O) amount is 100-120kg.hm-2, amount of nitrogen 157-270kg.hm-2。
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| CN112075159A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-15 | 慈溪市农业技术推广中心(慈溪市种子管理站) | Saline-alkali-resistant high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for peanuts |
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