CN109496661A - The rejuvenation method of many years Radix Rehmanniae cultivation Chinese rose - Google Patents

The rejuvenation method of many years Radix Rehmanniae cultivation Chinese rose Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109496661A
CN109496661A CN201811525927.1A CN201811525927A CN109496661A CN 109496661 A CN109496661 A CN 109496661A CN 201811525927 A CN201811525927 A CN 201811525927A CN 109496661 A CN109496661 A CN 109496661A
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chinese rose
soil
fertilizer
many years
radix rehmanniae
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CN201811525927.1A
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CN109496661B (en
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支秋娟
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Changzhou Horticultural Development Service Center
Changzhou Park Management Center
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Changzhou Hongmei Park Management Office (changzhou Rose Research Institute)
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants

Abstract

The invention discloses the rejuvenation methods that a kind of many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose, comprising the following steps: 1. detects many years Radix Rehmanniae and plants Chinese rose root soil situation;2. the Chinese rose of rejuvenation will be needed to scoop away, soil improvement is carried out, multiple cropping Chinese rose is simultaneously watered;3., according to growth time, carrying out growth period trimming and dormant pruning for the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping;4. the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping every time after trimming, is planted Chinese rose over the ground and is applied fertilizer.When the present invention carries out soil improvement, fertilizer deficiency fundamentally being solved the problems, such as, joined turf, composite microbe fertilizer, inorganic composite fertilizer and dregs of beans in the improvement soil of backfill, the degradation time of these organic matters is different, extends the soil fertilizer time.

Description

The rejuvenation method of many years Radix Rehmanniae cultivation Chinese rose
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rejuvenation methods that a kind of many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose.
Background technique
Chinese rose is the flowering shrub for having certain service life, generally in growth condition, is classified as (1~5 year young age strain period It is raw), strong strain period in age (5~15-year-old), aged strain period (15 years or more).
Strain age is more than that in Chinese rose, 8 continuously grows in 1 year, blooms, and nutriment consumes excessively in plant body, and annual gas Wait it is changeable cause pest and disease damage, cause alkalization of soils serious using chicken manure year after year, it is easy to cause tree vigo(u)r weak.Time one Long, old branch are gradually withered, and the longer shoot the thinner, bloom less and less, and fragrance is faded, and appreciation effect has been seriously affected.
It is generally acknowledged that Chinese rose rejuvenation is searched reason from liquid manure, trimming, maintenance etc. and is suited the remedy to the case.
In terms of liquid manure, then exclusion damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging first is applied fertilizer, it is considered that yellowing leaf is spent less, spends that small and branch is thin and delicate to be The performance of fertilizer deficiency.The element lacked when fertilising for it adds fertilizer, while the other element fertilizers of compounding application, is somebody's turn to do with improving The utilization rate of element.Preferably a small amount of for weak plant repeatedly thin fertilizer is diligent to be applied, and prevents fertilizer damage.
Trimming is divided into Summerly pruning and winter pruning.Summerly pruning is cut first is that cut off bennet, withered branch after spending in time The stock tiller item sprouted except grafting plant base portion.Second is that split excessively colored annual shoot stays 8 to 12 after previous stubble blossom fall 20 days A bud cutting back, to obtain the spray of high quality.Winter pruning is the abundant reflux in order to promote branches and leaves nutrient, Yu Shuanhou 3 to 4 Zhou Jinhang.Trimming total principle is to wipe out sick branch, thin and delicate branch, removes parallel school, overstocked branch, interior to branch, goes directly to stay tiltedly, weak tree Weak school is cut by force, and tree vigorous branches light pruning is strengthened.
Maintenance aspect then includes prevention and treatment pest and disease damage.
There is only symptomatic treatment in existing rejuvenation method, without solving the problems, such as from source.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the rejuvenation methods that a kind of many years Radix Rehmanniae of significant effective plants Chinese rose.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is a kind of rejuvenation method of many years Radix Rehmanniae cultivation Chinese rose, comprising the following steps:
1. detecting many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose root soil situation.Soil sampling depth 20cm is surveyed according to the detection method of soil pH value Obtaining soil is alkalinity;When EC is greater than 3, which needs to repair, and has been not suitable with Chinese rose growth needs.
2. the Chinese rose of rejuvenation will be needed to scoop away, soil improvement is carried out.
Successively spread from the bottom to top first on the plot after the Chinese rose that scoops away one layer of turf layer, one layer of dregs of beans, one layer it is compound micro- Then 50 ± 5cm is ploughed deeply in above-mentioned plot by bio-fertilizer, turf layer, inorganic composite fertilizer layer are successively spread on the ground after ploughing deeply, Then insecticidal bactericide is sprayed, completes soil improvement after leveling land;Multiple cropping Chinese rose is simultaneously watered.
3., according to growth time, carrying out growth period trimming and dormant pruning for the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping.
4. the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping every time after trimming, is planted Chinese rose over the ground and is applied fertilizer, the fertilizer applied is micro- Biological compound fertilizer and/or inorganic composite fertilizer.
During Chinese rose rejuvenation reinforce pest and disease damage management, including in a first aspect, winter to Soil tillage, ploughed depth 50 ±5cm;Second aspect, when winter pruning, cut sick branch, and fallen leaves, weeds, disease fruit processing in garden is clean, concentration burns, It is buried;The third aspect applies preventive medicine according to the Growth season of pest and disease damage in advance.
1. step observes soil hardening situation, detection pH value and EC value, soil hardening, pH value are greater than 7 or EC value and are higher than 3 Soil, need to improve.
When step carries out soil improvement 2., on the plot after the Chinese rose that scoops away, 15~20kg of every square meter plot turf dosage, 3~5kg of dregs of beans dosage, 4~5kg of micro organism composite fertilizer dosage.
It is 15~20kg of every square meter plot turf dosage, inorganic on the ground after ploughing deeply when step carries out soil improvement 2. 0.3~0.5kg of compound fertilizer.
Step 4. in, for each residual flower trimming after Chinese rose, impose inorganic composite fertilizer, every square meter plot inorganic composite fertilizer 0.3~0.5kg of dosage;For the Chinese rose after the trimming of 8-9 month moderate, apply composite microbe fertilizer and inorganic composite fertilizer, ground plants the moon Season uses 700~1400kg of composite microbe fertilizer per acre, uses 200~300kg of inorganic composite fertilizer.
The present invention has the effect of positive:
(1) it when the present invention plants Chinese rose progress rejuvenation to many years Radix Rehmanniae, focuses on soil improvement rather than applies fertilizer.
Chinese rose likes loose, fertile, ventilative, well-drained subacidity soil, loose ventilative soil and sufficient fertilizer It tries hard to keep and has hindered the vigorous growing power of Chinese rose and flowering quality.Over time, soil layer sinks seriously, the low-lying easy ponding in place, Turf and organic matter in soil rot to degrade substantially, and soil hardening situation is serious year by year, and Soil ventilation, water penetration reduce, Cause Chinese rose root can not eupnea, nutrient delivery is obstructed, and influences Chinese rose normal growth.Although annual winter all applies enough Fertilizer, often intertillage is loosened the soil, but can not be tackled the problem at its root.
When the present invention carries out soil improvement, Chinese rose is first dug out, 50cm or so is ploughed deeply digging out position, then backfills conditioned soil Earth, Chinese rose multiple cropping is watered again after prepartion of land, fundamentally solves the problems, such as fertilizer deficiency.It joined grass in the improvement soil of backfill Charcoal, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and soya-bean cake fertilizer, the degradation time of these organic matters is different, extends the soil fertilizer time.
(2) present invention also applied available fertilizer during Chinese rose rejuvenation, selection be composite microbe fertilizer and it is inorganic The combination of compound fertilizer.Composite microbe fertilizer is that one kind easily makes loosing soil, malleable soil acidity or alkalinity, but the acidity that fertility is inadequate Organic fertilizer solves the problems, such as that composite microbe fertilizer fertility is inadequate with the use of after inorganic composite fertilizer.
(3) present invention takes into account pruning and pest management, the moon on the basis of soil improvement and application available fertilizer Season, spring plant growing way, the first planting spent colored diameter size, pattern, Hua Liang after rejuvenation, did not had with the Chinese rose without soil improvement more Big difference, but under summer high temperature, the two difference is obvious, and the Chinese rose growing way after soil improvement is healthy and strong, and blade is strong, blooms and holds It is continuous;It especially trims and applies fertilizer by summer moderate, the Chinese rose growing way of rejuvenation is better than non-rejuvenation, blooms significantly more than not multiple Strong, and it is shorter from elapsed time of blooming is trimmed to.
Specific embodiment
So-called many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose in the present invention, refers to that plant age 8 years or more ground plants Chinese rose.
Ground plants Chinese rose, is different from potting Chinese rose, is to plant Chinese rose in natural land.
(embodiment 1)
Many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose and occurs that old branch are gradually withered, the longer shoot the thinner, less and less and fragrance of blooming fades this When a little problems, Chinese rose crosses presenility in order to prevent, needs to be updated rejuvenation.
The many years Radix Rehmanniae of rejuvenation in the present embodiment plants Chinese rose and is located at Jiangsu Province Changzhou cercis park, and cercis park is Changzhou Unique Chinese rose Botanical Garden has planted domestic and international nearly more than 1000 kinds in garden and has amounted to more than 15000 strain Chinese roses.The strain shortest moon in age Have in season 8 years, longest Chinese rose has 13 years.
The many years Radix Rehmanniae of the present embodiment plants the rejuvenation method of Chinese rose, comprising the following steps:
1. detecting many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose root soil situation, including hardened degree, pH value, EC value.
Visually, the present embodiment waits for that rejuvenation Chinese rose root soil is hardened serious.
Soil sampling depth 20cm, soil sample situation are glutinous heavy soil without rubble, measure soil according to the detection method of soil pH value PH value be 7.58;EC(mS/cm) 45.8.The soil sample needs to repair, and has been not suitable with Chinese rose growth needs.
Soil acidity or alkalinity is divided into Pyatyi by China: highly acid soil (pH is less than 5), acid soil (pH5.0~6.5), neutral soil (pH6.5~7.5), alkaline soil (pH7.5~8.5), strongly alkaline soil (pH is greater than 8.5).
Alkaline soil is unfavorable for Chinese rose growth, and Chinese rose likes loose, fertile, ventilative, well-drained subacidity soil.Soil Become alkaline soil from faintly acid soil, it may be possible to make salinity increase in soil due to irrigation water saliferous and application alkaline fertilizer At.After the salinization of soil, the osmotic pressure of the soil liquid increases, and soil body aeration, water penetration are deteriorated, and nutrient availability reduces, and makes Normal growth is unable at plant.
2. the Chinese rose of rejuvenation will be needed to scoop away, start soil improvement:
Successively spread one layer of turf layer, one layer of dregs of beans, one layer of complex microorganism from the bottom to top first on the plot after the Chinese rose that scoops away Fertilizer, every 2 bags of square meter plot turf dosage (every bag of weight in wet base 8kg), 3~5kg of dregs of beans dosage, 4~5kg of micro organism composite fertilizer dosage.
Then 50 ± 5cm is ploughed deeply into above-mentioned plot, turf layer, compound fertilizer's layer is successively spread on the ground after ploughing deeply, is often put down 2 bags of dosage of meter block turf (every bag of weight in wet base 8kg), inorganic composite fertilizer (N:P:K=16:16:16) 0.3~0.5kg, then spray Insecticidal bactericide completes soil improvement after leveling land.Insecticide and fungicide are selected according to local pest and disease damage.
Multiple cropping Chinese rose is simultaneously watered.
By the soil of improvement, pH value 5.76, EC(mS/cm) 0.70,64.39 g/kg of organic matter.
Soil after improvement is weakly acidic, and loose ventilating drainage is good.
Soil EC value be for measuring soluble-salt concentration in solution, the solubility salt of high concentration can make plant by Damage or cause the death of plant root.Soluble-salt content (EC value) is excessively high in matrix, may will form reverse osmotic pressure, by root Moisture in system cements out, and makes tip of a root browning or withered.The soil EC value reference value of plant is after 0.5-3.0, improvement Soil EC value is normal.
The content of organic matter reaches 60 or more, and explanation is fertile soil.
3., according to growth time, carrying out growth period trimming and dormant pruning for the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping.
The trimming time in Chinese rose growth period of In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, the trimming work during this was mainly in May~November Residual flower is trimmed, Chinese rose result is avoided;It is trimmed in 8-9 month one more moderate, the purpose of moderate trimming is in order to which Chinese rose is on National Day Period largely bursts forth.On the one hand the unnecessary consumption of tree nutrient is reduced;On the other hand, by controlling apical dominance, make Chinese rose root The branch of tiller or stem lower part kryptoblast germination and growth becomes innovation shoot.
Chinese rose dormant period refers to New Year's Day later at the beginning of 2 months, and dormant pruning is to wipe out useless branch (the old and the weak's branch, is done sick branch Deadwood, lateral branch, crossing branch, cella branch), 3-5 healthy and strong skeleton branches are generally retained according to the size of plant, every is at least stayed Take 5 healthy and strong buds.If plant skeleton branch aging is serious, we can use root turion branch and the foundation portion branch of excessive growth is updated and replaces It changes.It is appropriate to reject the root branch of excessive growth, weight cutting back is carried out, Chinese rose is forced to form vigorous branches or skeleton branch, thus maintains Chinese rose branch Item, tree-like continuous renewal.
In Chinese rose growth course, to the bough artificially damaged, especially because the skeleton branch of moth stemness pest damage want and When implement in cutting back or weight cutting back, force aggrieved branch lower part to sprout sprouting, form new branch.It needs to disinfect in alcohol before trimming to repair Secateurs.Fine day trimming, the easily dry healing of wound, forbids the rainy day to trim, to prevent wound infection.The limb of branch marrow discoloration is downward It cuts, cuts until branch marrow color is normal.
4. the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping every time after trimming, is planted Chinese rose over the ground and is applied fertilizer.
For the Chinese rose after the trimming of each residual flower, inorganic composite fertilizer is imposed, every square meter plot inorganic composite fertilizer dosage 0.3~ 0.5kg。
For the Chinese rose after the trimming of 8-9 month moderate, apply composite microbe fertilizer and inorganic composite fertilizer, ground plants Chinese rose to be made per acre With 700~1400kg of composite microbe fertilizer, 200~300kg of inorganic composite fertilizer is used.
It is additional that the rainy day can be taken advantage of when fertilising, or is watered after applying.
Micro organism composite fertilizer used in the present embodiment is the complex microorganism of Jiangyin Lianye Biotechology Co., Ltd. Fertilizer, registration number: microorganism fertilizer (2014) faces word (2285) number.
For 1. alkaline soil that step detects, when fertilising, does not use chicken manure, and chicken manure is easy to cause alkalization of soils serious.
In addition, reinforcing the management of pest and disease damage during Chinese rose rejuvenation.First aspect winter to Soil tillage, makes in the soil The exposed earth's surface of overwintering pest freezes to death or is pecked at by natural enemy and reduce quantity, and ploughed depth is advisable with 50 ± 5 centimetres.It is turning over Before can first impose fungicide and carry out disinfection.Second aspect cuts sick branch in conjunction with winter pruning, fallen leaves in garden, weeds, Disease fruit processing is clean, and concentration burns, is buried, to reduce a large amount of pest and disease damages.The third aspect is mentioned according to the Growth season of pest and disease damage Preceding application preventive medicine.
According to the method for the present embodiment, the blooming of the non-rejuvenation in Chinese rose difference of the same race plot and rejuvenation compares as follows:
For Chinese rose after rejuvenation, spring plant growing way, the first planting spend colored diameter size, pattern, Hua Liang, with the moon without soil improvement Season is not much different, but according to the record of upper table, and under summer high temperature, the two difference is obvious, and the Chinese rose after soil improvement is long Gesture is healthy and strong, and blade is strong, blooms and continues.It especially trims and applies fertilizer by summer moderate, the Chinese rose growing way of rejuvenation is better than not Rejuvenation, significantly greater than non-rejuvenation of blooming, and it is shorter from elapsed time of blooming is trimmed to.
It compares unconspicuous in upper table, illustrates that the varietal adaptation is strong, it is of less demanding to soil.

Claims (6)

1. the rejuvenation method that a kind of many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1. detecting many years Radix Rehmanniae plants Chinese rose root soil situation;
2. the Chinese rose of rejuvenation will be needed to scoop away, soil improvement is carried out;
Successively spread one layer of turf layer, one layer of dregs of beans, one layer of complex microorganism from the bottom to top first on the plot after the Chinese rose that scoops away Then 50 ± 5cm is ploughed deeply in above-mentioned plot by fertilizer, turf layer, inorganic composite fertilizer layer are successively spread on the ground after ploughing deeply, then Insecticidal bactericide is sprayed, completes soil improvement after leveling land;Multiple cropping Chinese rose is simultaneously watered;
3., according to growth time, carrying out growth period trimming and dormant pruning for the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping;
4. the Chinese rose of step 2. multiple cropping every time after trimming, is planted Chinese rose over the ground and is applied fertilizer, the fertilizer applied is microorganism Compound fertilizer and/or inorganic composite fertilizer.
2. the rejuvenation method that many years Radix Rehmanniae according to claim 1 plants Chinese rose, it is characterised in that: add during Chinese rose rejuvenation The management of strong pest and disease damage, including in a first aspect, winter to Soil tillage, 50 ± 5cm of ploughed depth;Second aspect, winter pruning When sick branch is cut, fallen leaves in garden, weeds, disease fruit processing is clean, and concentration burns, is buried;The third aspect, according to pest and disease damage Growth season, apply preventive medicine in advance.
3. the rejuvenation method that many years Radix Rehmanniae according to claim 1 plants Chinese rose, it is characterised in that: 1. step observes soil plate Situation, detection pH value and EC value are tied, soil hardening, pH value are greater than the soil that 7 or EC value is higher than 3, need to improve.
4. the rejuvenation method that many years Radix Rehmanniae according to claim 1 plants Chinese rose, it is characterised in that: 2. step carries out soil and changes When good, on the plot after the Chinese rose that scoops away, 15~20kg of every square meter plot turf dosage, 3~5kg of dregs of beans dosage, microorganism are multiple Hefei 4~5kg of dosage.
5. the rejuvenation method that many years Radix Rehmanniae according to claim 4 plants Chinese rose, it is characterised in that: 2. step carries out soil and changes When good, on the ground after ploughing deeply, 15~20kg of every square meter plot turf dosage, 0.3~0.5kg of inorganic composite fertilizer.
6. the rejuvenation method that many years Radix Rehmanniae according to claim 1 plants Chinese rose, it is characterised in that: step 4. in, for every Chinese rose after secondary residual flower trimming, imposes inorganic composite fertilizer, 0.3~0.5kg of every square meter plot inorganic composite fertilizer dosage;For 8-9 Chinese rose after moon moderate trimming, applies composite microbe fertilizer and inorganic composite fertilizer, and ground plants Chinese rose and uses composite microbe fertilizer per acre 700~1400kg uses 200~300kg of inorganic composite fertilizer.
CN201811525927.1A 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Rejuvenation method for perennial cultivated Chinese rose Active CN109496661B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112119858A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-25 上海辰山植物园 Efficient fertilization method for vine rose' Anjila
CN112470807A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-12 金埔园林股份有限公司 Method for rejuvenating and repairing climbing type field-planted Chinese rose
CN114938768A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-08-26 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Rejuvenation and repair method for potted miniature Chinese roses

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CN1415180A (en) * 2002-11-13 2003-05-07 胡春发 High yield method for planting good quality and nuisance free roses
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112119858A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-25 上海辰山植物园 Efficient fertilization method for vine rose' Anjila
CN112470807A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-12 金埔园林股份有限公司 Method for rejuvenating and repairing climbing type field-planted Chinese rose
CN114938768A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-08-26 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Rejuvenation and repair method for potted miniature Chinese roses
CN114938768B (en) * 2022-06-30 2023-09-01 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Rejuvenation and repair method for potted miniature China rose

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