CN109479539A

CN109479539A - The method for culturing seedlings of oleander

Info

Publication number: CN109479539A
Application number: CN201811299241.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘旭辉
Original assignee: Xinchang Tianlao Horticulture Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xinchang Tianlao Horticulture Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-02
Filing date: 2018-11-02
Publication date: 2019-03-19

Abstract

The method for culturing seedlings of present invention offer oleander, belong to botanical seedling culturing breeding field, after stalk material heap is macerated and domestic garbage mixing, application leavening, fermenting agent carry out fermented manure, and the fertilizer that then will ferment is mixed to prepare seedling medium with pine needle layer, orchard soil, turf；Cuttage enters on the seedbed for being equipped with seedling medium after separately taking oleander cuttings handle, toast through weak lye, impregnate rooting agent solution, dip active carbon powder, control relative humidity, the temperature, light transmittance in seedbed, with misty spraying pouring, disease and pest control and top dressing are paid attention to simultaneously, and greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants are gradually taken out in cuttage after 4~June.It has the beneficial effect that the method for the present invention is effectively reduced and continues to reduce the content of cadmium in seedling medium, reduces murder by poisoning of the cadmium to seedling, may additionally facilitate absorption of the seedling to silicon, strong xylem improves cutting plantation and survival rate.

Description

The method for culturing seedlings of oleander

Technical field

The invention belongs to botanical seedling culturing breeding fields, and in particular to the method for culturing seedlings of oleander.

Background technique

Bamboo peach also known as willow leaf peach are Apocynaceae Alstonia evergreen shrubs.For its leaf like bamboo, pollen is red, plump gorgeous. Pure white dyeing defect, it is white clean as avenged, since flower-shape exactly likes peach blossom, oleander of gaining the name.Oleander flower, leaf have an ornamental value, Hua great, gorgeous It is beautiful, the florescence is long, be a beautiful landscape for lacking the adolescence in midsummer.It transplants extensively in cell, school, park, factory, roadside, is Good ornamental flower.In addition, oleander has anti-flue dust, dust, poisonous substance and purification air, the ability of environment is protected.Oleander Like warm and moist and sun-drenched environment.Cold resistance is poor, and the method for culturing seedlings of oleander is intolerant to water-wet, the nursery side of oleander Resistance to half yin of method, the anti-air pollution power of the method for culturing seedlings of oleander are strong.Lower than -5 DEG C, then there is freeze injury to winter temperature in blade, soil with Fertile, loose and well-drained sandy loam is advisable.

With the continuous development of Chinese industrial and urbanization, industrial and life contaminated water discharge, sewage irrigation, automobile exhaust gas row Heavy metal pollution of soil problem caused by putting etc. is got worse.Plantation total is accounted for according to the area of measuring and calculating Chinese arable land heavy metal pollution 1/6 oleander method for culturing seedlings or so, in 8 kinds of effect of fertilizer, cadmium pollution probability is 25.2%.

Oleander nursery mostly use sowing, cuttage, press strip mode, based on cutting propagation, but abundant with nutriment Decomposed muck as cutting medium when, because of food chain enrichment, the cadmium content in muck is often higher, and high cadmium is to folder Bamboo peach has a variety of harm, and the growth of cell individual and entire plant all can be due to high cadmium by strong inhibition, under biological yield Drop, dry matter mitigate, and chloroplaset and mitochondria are damaged, and then influence photosynthesis and respiration, therefore easily cause and take root Slowly, root system rot, even seedling death phenomenon.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide the method for culturing seedlings of oleander, it can effectively reduce and continue to reduce cadmium in seedling medium Content, reduce murder by poisoning of the cadmium to seedling, promote absorption of the seedling to silicon, strong xylem improves cutting plantation and survives Rate.

The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:

The method for culturing seedlings of oleander,

Include: that stalk material heap is macerated into rear and domestic garbage mixing, applies leavening, fermenting agent progress fermented manure, so Fermentation fertilizer is mixed to prepare seedling medium with pine needle layer, orchard soil, turf afterwards；Oleander cuttings is separately taken to handle, dry through weak lye Cuttage enters to be equipped on the seedbed of seedling medium after baking, impregnate rooting agent solution, dipping active carbon powder, controls the opposite of seedbed Humidity, temperature, light transmittance with misty spraying pouring, while paying attention to disease and pest control and top dressing, and cuttage is gradually taken out after 4~June Greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants；

Specifically includes the following steps:

Fermentation: by the cleaning of at least one stalk and crushed after being dried to partial size is less than 5mm, and addition distilled water adjusts moisture content To 45~60%, natural stack retting is put in greenhouse, stack retting temperature is maintained at 25~35 DEG C, and every 1~2d turning is primary, keeps aqueous 12~15d of rate stack retting obtains compost made of stalks；It is crushed after house refuse is dried with compost made of stalks, is that 26~31:1 mixing is equal according to C/N ratio Even, addition distilled water adjusts moisture content to 50~65%, every 1000Kg containing water mixture apply 120~180g leavening, 1.5~ 3Kg fermenting agent, Phase Ⅱ composting, control pile core temperature are 55~70 DEG C, and every 2~3d turning is primary, keep moisture content fermentation 18~21d ferments fertilizer to obtain the final product；With stalk and house refuse preparation fermentation fertilizer, the manufacturing cost and raw material of matrix are not only reduced Processing cost, and avoid pollution environment, after fermented bacterium fermentation, the fiber that is highly combined in stalk and house refuse The carbohydrate such as element, protein, starch, which are fermented, is hydrolyzed to the relatively low soluble sugar of molecular weight, protein, starch etc., It can satisfy cuttings and originating the stage of taking root to the wilderness demand of carbohydrate；

Matrix treatments: fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil and turf are exposed to the sun 7~10d, partial size is crushed to and is less than 3mm, press It is uniformly mixed according to 5~8:4 of weight ratio~6:8~10:1, it is 45~50% that addition distilled water, which adjusts water content, then every 1000Kg Siccative applies 400~800g inorganic agent, is uniformly mixed up to seedling medium, and it is temporary to be placed in clammy place；Fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, fruit Garden mould provides the nutriments such as sufficient humic acid, organic matter for oleander cuttings and seedling, meets cuttage rooting and seedling Needed for growth, while turf can effectively reconcile the gas porosity and porosity of seedling medium, increase the water conservation moisture holding capacity of matrix, into One step increases seedling medium to the gain effect of nursery；After inorganic agent is added in matrix, can effectively facilitate cuttings and Absorption and utilization of the seedling to silicic acid, improve the intracorporal silicone content of seedling, and the enhancing that silicon absorbs helps to strengthen the shape of lignifying At with growth, and further suppress absorption and enrichment of the oleander to cadmium in seedling medium, reduce cadmium element to the poison of oleander Evil effect, promotes seedling to grow up healthy and sound, transplants early；

Prepare cuttings: selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, luxuriant oleander maternal plant, at the apical cap of day side acquisition current year life, Semi-lignified edible tender branch intercepts cuttings, and cuttings rugosity is 0.3~0.8cm, and length is 6~10cm, retains 3~6 internodes, top End retains 2~3 blades, and the blade upper half is cut off, clammy after cuttings is handled with weak lye to store sth. in a cellar；Cuttings is taken out before cuttage, By cuttings lower part with fire baking, then cuttings is placed in rooting agent solution and is impregnated, dipped after taking-up specific surface area be 1200~ 1500m²The active carbon powder of/g can carry out cuttage；Current year raw spray differentiation capability and fertility at the apical cap of day side Relatively strong, on the one hand retaining partial blade facilitates blade progress photosynthesis, and on the other hand facilitating, which reduces the rising of blade, makees With, prevent cuttings from dry up because dehydration is serious, weak lye processing, toast, rooting agent solution be soaked in dip active carbon powder can To accelerate induction cuttings calli induction and differentiation, the rooting rate and rooting rate of cuttings are improved；In addition, cuttings surface is viscous After attached active carbon powder, the biggish active carbon powder of one side specific surface area helps to maintain cuttings surface wettability, in addition may be used also The matrix of unpolished rice scratches the delicate epidermis of cuttings when preventing cuttage, prevents cuttings from infecting, helps to improve survival rate and nursery Efficiency；

Cuttage: being arranged seedling bed in the greenhouse for being provided with Intelligent spray irrigation facility, makes furrow, ridge with width 1.5~2m ridging Furrow are deep-cut 28~32cm by wide 0.4~0.5m, and bottom is laid with one layer of common brick, is laid with 20~25cm seedling medium on common brick, irrigates Insert the kind plant hole that diameter is 1.5~2cm in matrix after water with 10~15cm of interval, the deep 4~6cm in cave sets cuttings vertically It is sealed in kind of plant hole and with matrix, a furrow are watered after having inserted with Intelligent spray irrigation facility, and with matrix, water is not degree；It is being provided with Seedling bed is set in the greenhouse of Intelligent spray irrigation facility, relative humidity, temperature, illumination when nursery can be controlled with more refining Degree, amount of water sprayed realize intensive management, whenever can train seedling in 1 year with nursery, increase economic efficiency；When cuttage, Cuttage can guarantee that the accurate spacing and vertical plantation of cuttings, the matrix that also can avoid unpolished rice scratch cuttings spray table in kind of plant hole Skin makes cuttings infection and necrosis, improves cuttings survival rate；

Manage after inserting: it is 80~95% that warm indoor relative humidity is controlled after inserting, and day temperature is 22~28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature It is 18~24 DEG C, light transmittance is 40~70%；Cuttage was completed between 2 months, and mist on daytime is 8~10 times spraying, the spray of night mist Mist 2~4 times；Spraying 5~8 times of mist on daytime after 2 months, night mist is 1~3 time spraying, every time 2~4min by spraying, infuses simultaneously Meaning disease and pest control and top dressing, cuttage gradually remove greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants after 4~June；Precision control after the completion of cuttage The relative humidity of cuttings and matrix processed, temperature, light transmittance, irrigation amount can promote cuttings and uniformly take root comprehensively, and it is living to improve root system Power increases root long degree, grows root system, enters the growth of seedling stage quickly, increases robust seedling seedling, improves breeding efficiency, and saving is educated Seedling cost expands economic benefit.

Preferably, at least one stalk is corn stover, wheat stalk, soybean stalk, sesame stalk, capsicum stalk In a kind or 2 kinds or mixture of more than two kinds；Crop waste stalk cellulose rich content, while containing there are many micro- Secondary element, is suitable as nursery base material after decomposed, both improved the economic value of crops, realizes the efficient benefit of material With, while the processing cost of waste crop materials is also reduced, avoid pollution environment.

Preferably, leavening is the water containing 15~17ppmN- N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N and 0.30~0.34 ‰ acetone Solution；The n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone of special proportion and acetone have cooperative gain effect in leavening, which can make Chelatropic reaction occurs for the cadmium in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and mixture, is formed and is co-precipitated with cadmium, produces so that cadmium be made to become inactivation Object and cannot be introduced into plant, most afterwards the leaching through soil and be moved to matrix bottom lower part, thus greatly reduce The content of cadmium in fermentation fertilizer, and will be after fermentation fertilizer is mixed into matrix with pine soil, orchard soil, turf, remaining N- methyl -2- Pyrrolidones alkane still can constantly solidify cadmium a small amount of in matrix, can reduce the cadmium content in entire matrix system, drop Murder by poisoning of the low cadmium to seedling promotes the growth of oleander seedling stalwartness.

Preferably, fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces, Bacteroides succinogenes, potassium solubilizing bacteria or phosphorus decomposing At least one kind of or 2 kinds or the Mixed Microbes of more than two kinds of bacterium；House refuse and stalk are carried out using Mixed Microbes as fermenting agent The macromolecules molecular weight such as protein, cellulose in raw material can be thoroughly degraded to small soluble molecules substance, are conducive to by fermentation Cuttings is absorbed and utilized, and carries out the coordinated effect that can be played between multiple-microorganism of fermenting with mix bacterium agent, fermentation is more Thoroughly, shorten fermentation time, reduce cost.

Preferably, inorganic agent is the aqueous solution of Dimethylsilanediol and ether, Dimethylsilanediol and second in inorganic agent The content of ether is 1.35~1.39ppm, and the content of ether is 27~27.5ppm, remaining is water；Because of plants enriched effect, stalk Meeting enrichment phase is to the heavy metal cadmium of high level with house refuse, and after oleander absorbs more cadmium, root stands in the breach Receive injury, cadmium can lead to large biological molecule conformational change in conjunction with the sulfydryl in protein, interfere cell eubolism mistake Journey causes oxidative stress and cell membrane damage, and appearance is stem, root growth is slow, blade yellowing, fold curling, photosynthetic work It is suppressed for transpiration, under the conditions of existing for the ether, it is in 2~5 ranges that the degree of polymerization, which can occur, for Dimethylsilanediol Oligomerization, the low polymer of generation can promote conveying and transhipment of the silicic acid from matrix solution to plant cell, that is, facilitate The absorption and utilization of silicic acid in oleander plant pair matrix, and the reinforcing of silicon is absorbed to cuttings root and seedling plants portion xylem Formation be of great significance, accelerate the speed of growth and development degree of the xylem of cuttings seedling, also, xylem is strong Strong further to enhance the absorption of silicon, the two has beneficial to circulation, finally substantially increases the rooting rate and survival rate of cuttings, promotees Grow up into seedling stalwartness.

Preferably, cuttings is immersed in weak lye after 3~5s and takes out i.e. clammy store sth. in a cellar when weak lye is handled；It is described Weak lye is the sodium hydroxide solution containing 2.3~2.5mM sparteine, and pH is 7.3~8.0；Cuttings leaf section surface wound compared with It is more, thus its surface can penetrate the tannic acid of more content, and the soluble protein in the tannic acid solidifiable soil liquid, Protein adherence has completely cut off the exchange interaction with matrix solution at cuttings cut surface after solidification, can also incision be hindered to be cured Injured tissue is taken root, thus be will cause part of the cuttings in matrix and occurred to rot, and it is slow to take root, and root system is weak, and rooting rate survives Rate decline, by cuttings leaf section after weak lye impregnates, the sodium hydroxide in weak lye can neutralize tannic acid, reduce containing for tannic acid Amount and its freezing action to soluble protein in matrix solution, and micro sparteine can be entered by osmosis Cuttings leaf section it is intracellular, sparteine can inhibit the table of tannic acid related gene in bracketplant leaf section cell in gene level It reaches, to reduce secretion of the bracketplant leaf section to tannic acid, reduces the content of tannic acid, mitigate it to egg soluble in matrix solution The freezing action of white matter, soluble sugar promotes the solution between blade and matrix actively to exchange with energy, accelerates rooting agent solution In active material enter the speed of cuttings wound, promote cuttage rooting growth, improve rooting rate and survival rate.

Preferably, by cuttings lower part apart from flame 20cm or more, being baked under cuttings when cuttings lower part is toasted with fire Portion has touched burning heat sensation；When with fire baking, high temperature helps to kill the microorganism on cuttings surface, prevents cuttings micro- Biological infection, while the stomata on cuttings surface obtains diastole after toasting, the tissue expanded by heating of cuttings wound and epidermis, not only its Internal cell liquid exchange velocity is accelerated, and cell activation is facilitated, and additionally aids rooting agent solution and enters performance rush in cuttings body It takes root function.

Preferably, cuttings is placed in when impregnating in rooting agent solution, cuttings is soaked into rooting agent solution in addition to blade In 15~30s, take out stand 3~5s；Rooting agent solution is the solution containing following ingredients: 20~25g/L of sucrose, fecula 30 ~45g/L, 8~11g/L of rice vinegar, 0.06~0.08g/L of aspirin, 5~15g/L of withy leachate, 12~16g/L of honey, 26~29mg/L of heteroauxin, 12~18mg/L of the basic element of cell division, 5~10g/L of salt, 18~25g/L of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5~1.8g/L, 0.6~1.0g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.6~0.9g/L of magnesium molybdate, surplus are water；Rooting agent solution can be cuttings The nutriments such as sufficient middle microelement, carbohydrate are provided, the division of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division with point Change, promote the growth of cuttings cell, elongation, it is made to accelerate differentiation, heteroauxin, which there can be the synthesis of RNA and DNA, to be promoted to make With promoting the gene expression of relevant enzyme, accelerate the synthesis of the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase Callus is generated, causes the generation of root restriction, promotes the generation of adventitious root to promote the dedifferentiation of cell with secretion, it is complete At taking root.

The present invention also provides a kind of application of the method for culturing seedlings of oleander in oleander nursery breeding.

The invention has the benefit that

1) seedling medium is prepared using stalk and house refuse as raw material, not only reduces the manufacturing cost and former material of matrix The processing cost of material, and pollution environment is avoided, while containing a large amount of soluble sugar, protein, starch etc. in matrix, it can The stage of taking root is being originated to the wilderness demand of carbohydrate to meet cuttings；

2) n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone of special proportion and acetone have cooperative gain effect in leavening, which makees Chelatropic reaction occurs with the cadmium that can make in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and mixture, is formed and is co-precipitated with cadmium, so that cadmium be made to become Inactive products and cannot be introduced into plant, most afterwards the leaching through soil and be moved to matrix bottom lower part, thus significantly Reduce the content of cadmium in fermentation fertilizer；

3) after fermentation fertilizer being mixed into matrix with pine soil, orchard soil, turf, remaining n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone alkane It still can constantly solidify cadmium a small amount of in matrix, the cadmium content in entire matrix system can be reduced, reduce cadmium to seedling Murder by poisoning, promote oleander seedling stalwartness growth；

4) under the conditions of existing for the ether, it is the oligomerization in 2~5 ranges that the degree of polymerization, which can occur, for Dimethylsilanediol, raw At low polymer can promote conveying and transhipment of the silicic acid from matrix solution to plant cell, facilitate strengthen silicic acid absorption With utilization, and the reinforcing of silicon absorption be of great significance to the formation of cuttings root and seedling plants portion xylem, accelerate slotting The speed of growth and development degree of the xylem of fringe seedling, also, the strong of xylem further enhances the absorption of silicon, the two With beneficial to circulation, the rooting rate and survival rate of cuttings are finally substantially increased, promotes the growth of seedling stalwartness；

5) cuttings is handled with weak lye, the content and continuous release of the tannic acid at cuttings wound can be reduced, in turn Freezing action of the tannic acid to soluble protein, soluble sugar in matrix solution is weakened, the solution between blade and matrix is promoted It is actively exchanged with energy, accelerates the speed that root-growing agent active material enters cuttings wound, promote cuttage rooting growth, raising is taken root Rate and survival rate；

6) precision control cuttings and the relative humidity of matrix, temperature, light transmittance, irrigation amount, can promote cuttings and unite comprehensively One takes root, and improves root activity, increases root long degree, grows root system, enters the growth of seedling stage quickly, increases robust seedling seedling, mentions High breeding efficiency saves seedling cost, expands economic benefit.

Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals to provide the method for culturing seedlings of oleander, compensates for the deficiencies in the prior art, if Meter is rationally, easy to operate.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of the method for culturing seedlings of oleander of the invention.

Specific embodiment

Unless otherwise directed, whole percentage, number, ratio etc. are by weight.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.

The method of the present invention is mixed with to obtain seedling medium to ferment fertilizer with pine needle layer, orchard soil, turf, by seedling medium Be laid in the furrow in greenhouse up to seedling bed, the fermentation fertilizer for by stalk material heap macerate afterwards with applied after domestic garbage mixing Enter leavening, fermenting agent is fermented；After clip oleander cuttings, cuttings is successively handled through weak lye, baking, leaching Bubble rooting agent solution dips active carbon powder, and cuttage enters in the kind plant hole on seedling bed, controls relative humidity, the temperature of seedling bed Degree, light transmittance with misty spraying pouring, while paying attention to disease and pest control and top dressing, and cuttage gradually takes out greenhouse top after 4~June Canopy and acclimatization and transplants；As long as the method for the present invention is to prepare after the fermented processing of raw material with agricultural wastes straw and house refuse Seedling medium, i.e. save the cost in turn avoid pollution environment, while handling seedling medium, reduce and are wherein enriched with Cadmium avoids harm of the high cadmium to oleander seedling, and matrix also has gain effect to the absorption of silicon to oleander seedling simultaneously, It is greatly improved the rooting rate of cuttings and the speed of growth of seedling, keeps its root system healthy and strong, flushes, is a kind of efficient folder The method for culturing seedlings of bamboo peach.

It is described in further detail below in conjunction with 1 pair of application principle of the invention of attached drawing:

S1: fermentation: by the cleaning of at least one stalk and crushed after being dried, moisture content is adjusted to 45~60%, is put in greenhouse Middle nature 12~15d of stack retting obtains compost made of stalks；Crush and be uniformly mixed after house refuse is dried with compost made of stalks, adjust moisture content to 50~65%, leavening, fermenting agent are applied, 18~21d of Phase Ⅱ composting ferments fertilizer to obtain the final product；

S2: matrix treatments: being exposed to the sun fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil and turf, crush, according to 5~8:4 of weight ratio~ 6:8~10:1 is uniformly mixed, and adjusting water content is 45~50%, applies inorganic agent, is uniformly mixed up to seedling medium, is placed in wet Cold place is temporary；

S3: preparation cuttings: edible tender branch is acquired at the apical cap of oleander maternal plant day side and intercepts cuttings, by cuttings with weak base It is clammy after liquid processing to store sth. in a cellar；Cuttings is taken out before cuttage, and cuttings lower part is toasted with fire, then cuttings is placed in rooting agent solution It impregnates, it is 1200~1500m that specific surface area is dipped after taking-up²The active carbon powder of/g can carry out cuttage；

S4: cuttage: seedling bed is set in the greenhouse for being provided with Intelligent spray irrigation facility and ridging makes furrow, furrow are deep-cut, bottom Portion is laid with one layer of common brick, is laid with seedling medium on common brick, inserts kind of a plant hole after sprinkling profoundly water, cuttings is vertically placed in kind of plant hole simultaneously It is sealed with matrix, a furrow are watered after having inserted with Intelligent spray irrigation facility；

S5: it is managed after inserting: controlling warm indoor relative humidity, temperature and light transmittance after inserting, cuttage is completed misty stage by stage It is spraying, while paying attention to disease and pest control and top dressing, greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants are gradually taken out in cuttage after 4~June.

Application effect of the invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

The method for culturing seedlings of white flower oleander: the following steps are included:

S1: fermentation:

S1.1: wheat stalk and corn stover cleaning and crushed after being dried to partial size stack retting: are less than 5mm, addition distillation Water adjusts moisture content to 45%, is put in greenhouse natural stack retting, stack retting temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C, and daily turning is primary, keeps containing Water rate stack retting 12d obtains compost made of stalks；

S1.2: compost: crushing after house refuse is dried with compost made of stalks, is uniformly mixed according to C/N ratio for 26:1, addition is steamed Distilled water adjusts moisture content to 50%, and every 1000Kg applies the mixed of 120g leavening, 1.5Kg actinomyces and phosphate solubilizing bacteria containing water mixture Combined bacteria agent, Phase Ⅱ composting, control pile core temperature are 55 DEG C, and every 2d turning is primary, keep moisture content fermentation 18d up to fermenting Fertilizer；With stalk and house refuse preparation fermentation fertilizer, the manufacturing cost of matrix and the processing cost of raw material are not only reduced, and Pollution environment is avoided, after fermented bacterium fermentation, cellulose, protein, the starch etc. that are highly combined in stalk and house refuse Carbohydrate, which is fermented, is hydrolyzed to the relatively low soluble sugar of molecular weight, protein, starch etc., can satisfy cuttings and is rising Begin to take root the stage to the wilderness demand of carbohydrate；

S2: matrix treatments:

S2.1: mixing: fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil and turf are exposed to the sun 7d, are crushed to partial size less than 3mm, according to weighing Amount is uniformly mixed than 5:4:8:1, and it is 45% that addition distilled water, which adjusts water content,；Fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil are inserted for oleander Fringe and seedling provide the nutriments such as sufficient humic acid, organic matter, needed for meeting cuttage rooting and growth of seedling, while grass Charcoal can effectively reconcile the gas porosity and porosity of seedling medium, increase the water conservation moisture holding capacity of matrix, further increase nursery base The gain effect of confrontation nursery；

S2.2: it post-processing: prepares the aqueous solution containing 1.35ppm Dimethylsilanediol and ether and 27ppm ether and handles Agent, every 1000Kg siccative apply 400g inorganic agent, are uniformly mixed up to seedling medium, and it is temporary to be placed in clammy place；Inorganic agent is added After adding in matrix, the absorption and utilization of cuttings and seedling to silicic acid can be effectively facilitated, improves the intracorporal silicone content of seedling, The enhancing that silicon absorbs helps to strengthen the formation and growth of lignifying, and further suppresses suction of the oleander to cadmium in seedling medium It receives and enrichment, toxic action of the reduction cadmium element to oleander promotes seedling to grow up healthy and sound, transplant early；Because of plants enriched work With meeting enrichment phase is to the heavy metal cadmium of high level in stalk and house refuse, and after oleander absorbs more cadmium, root is first When the injury that receives of its punching, cadmium can lead to large biological molecule conformational change in conjunction with the sulfydryl in protein, and interference cell is normal Metabolic process causes oxidative stress and cell membrane damage, and appearance is stem, root growth is slow, blade yellowing, fold curling, Photosynthesis is suppressed in transpiration, and under the conditions of existing for the ether, it is 2~5 that the degree of polymerization, which can occur, for Dimethylsilanediol Oligomerization in range, the low polymer of generation can promote conveying and transhipment of the silicic acid from matrix solution to plant cell, i.e., Facilitate the absorption and utilization of silicic acid in oleander plant pair matrix, and the reinforcing of silicon is absorbed to cuttings root and seedling plants portion The formation of xylem is of great significance, and accelerates the speed of growth and development degree of the xylem of cuttings seedling, also, wooden The strong of portion further enhances the absorption of silicon, the two have finally substantially increased beneficial to circulation the rooting rate of cuttings at Motility rate promotes the growth of seedling stalwartness；

S3: preparation cuttings:

S3.1 clip: selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, luxuriant oleander maternal plant, at the apical cap of day side acquisition current year give birth to, Semi-lignified edible tender branch intercepts cuttings, and cuttings rugosity is 0.3cm, length 6cm, retains 3 internodes, top retains 2 leaves Piece, the blade upper half are cut off；Current year raw spray differentiation capability and fertility at the apical cap of day side is stronger, retains partial blade On the one hand facilitate blade and carry out photosynthesis, on the other hand facilitate the transpiration for reducing blade, prevent cuttings because of dehydration Seriously dry up；

S3.2: weak lye processing: preparing pH is 7.3 and the sodium hydroxide solution containing 2.3mM sparteine, and cuttings is soaked I.e. clammy store sth. in a cellar is taken out after 3s not in weak lye；Cuttings leaf section surface wound is more, thus its surface can penetrate more contain The tannic acid of amount, and the soluble protein in the tannic acid solidifiable soil liquid, protein adherence is in cuttings notch after solidification At surface, the exchange interaction with matrix solution is completely cut off, also incision callus can have been hindered to take root, thus will cause cuttings and exist Part in matrix occurs to rot, and it is slow to take root, and root system is weak, and rooting rate, survival rate decline soak cuttings leaf section through weak lye After bubble, the sodium hydroxide in weak lye can neutralize tannic acid, reduce the content of tannic acid and its to egg soluble in matrix solution White freezing action, and micro sparteine can enter intracellular, the sparteine of cuttings leaf section by osmosis It can inhibit the expression of tannic acid related gene in bracketplant leaf section cell in gene level, to reduce bracketplant leaf section to tannic acid Secretion, reduce the content of tannic acid, mitigate its freezing action to soluble protein, soluble sugar in matrix solution, promote It is actively exchanged into the solution between blade and matrix with energy, the active material accelerated in rooting agent solution enters cuttings wound Speed promotes cuttage rooting growth, improves rooting rate and survival rate；

S3.3: baking: taking out cuttings before cuttage, when cuttings lower part is toasted with fire, by cuttings lower part apart from flame 20cm More than, it is baked to cuttings lower part and has touched burning heat sensation；When with fire baking, high temperature helps to kill the micro- of cuttings surface Biology, preventing cuttings by microorganism infection, while after baking, the stomata on cuttings surface obtains diastole, the group of cuttings wound and epidermis Knit expanded by heating, not only its internal cell liquid exchange velocity is accelerated, and facilitates cell activation, additionally aid rooting agent solution into Enter and plays growth-promoting root functionality in cuttings body；

S3.4: impregnate rooting agent solution: prepare rooting agent solution are as follows: sucrose 20g/L, fecula 30g/L, rice vinegar 8g/L, Aspirin 0.06g/L, withy leachate 5g/L, honey 12g/L, heteroauxin 26mg/L, basic element of cell division 12mg/L, salt 5g/L, urea 18g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5g/L, ferrous sulfate 0.6g/L, magnesium molybdate 0.6g/L, surplus are water；It will be toasted Cuttings be soaked into 15s in rooting agent solution in addition to blade, take out and stand 3s；Rooting agent solution can provide in abundance for cuttings The nutriments such as microelement, carbohydrate, the division and differentiation of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division promote cuttings thin Intracellular growth, elongation, make it accelerate differentiation, and heteroauxin can have facilitation to the synthesis of RNA and DNA, promote relevant enzyme Gene expression, accelerate the synthesis and secretion of the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase, to promote Into the dedifferentiation of cell, callus is generated, causes the generation of root restriction, promotes the generation of adventitious root, complete to take root；

S3.5: dip active carbon powder: the cuttings after impregnating rooting agent solution and standing, which is dipped specific surface area, is 1200m²Then the active carbon powder of/g carries out cuttage；After cuttings surface adhesion active carbon powder, one side specific surface area is larger Active carbon powder help to maintain cuttings surface wettability, when in addition it can prevent cuttage unpolished rice matrix scratch cuttings it is delicate Epidermis, prevent cuttings from infecting；

S4: cuttage:

S4.1: setting seedling bed: seedling bed is set in the greenhouse for being provided with Intelligent spray irrigation facility, with width 1.5m ridging Furrow are made, furrow are deep-cut 28cm by row spacing 0.4m, and bottom is laid with one layer of common brick, is laid with 20cm seedling medium on common brick；It is being provided with intelligence Seedling bed can be set in the greenhouse of equipment of sprinkler irrigation, can control with more refining relative humidity when nursery, temperature, illuminance, Amount of water sprayed realizes intensive management, whenever can train seedling in 1 year with nursery, increase economic efficiency；

S4.2: it completes cuttage: inserting diameter with interval 10cm in matrix after sprinkling profoundly water as the kind plant hole of 1.5cm, cave is deep Cuttings is vertically placed to seal in kind of plant hole and with matrix by 4cm, and a furrow are watered after having inserted with Intelligent spray irrigation facility, not with matrix Water is degree；When cuttage, cuttage can guarantee the accurate spacing and vertical plantation of cuttings in kind of plant hole, also can avoid the base of unpolished rice Matter scratches cuttings spray epidermis, makes cuttings infection and necrosis, improves cuttings survival rate；

S5: it is managed after inserting:

S5.1: control temperature and humidity: it is 80% that warm indoor relative humidity is controlled after inserting, and day temperature is 22 DEG C, nocturnal temperature It is 18 DEG C, light transmittance 40%；

S5.2: cuttage was completed between 2 months, and mist on daytime spraying 8 times, night mist is 2 times spraying, every time 2min by spraying；

Mist on daytime is 5 times spraying after S5.3:2 months, and night mist is 1 time spraying, every time 2min by spraying, while paying attention to controlling Pest and disease damage and top dressing gradually remove greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants after cuttage 4 months；After the completion of cuttage precision control cuttings with The relative humidity of matrix, temperature, light transmittance, irrigation amount can promote cuttings and uniformly take root comprehensively, improve root activity, increase root Length grows root system, enters the growth of seedling stage quickly, increases robust seedling seedling, improves breeding efficiency, saves seedling cost, expands Big economic benefit.

Wherein, leavening is the aqueous solution containing 15ppmN- N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N and 0.30 ‰ acetone；In leavening The n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and acetone of special proportion have cooperative gain effect, which can make N- methyl -2- pyrroles Chelatropic reaction occurs for the cadmium in alkanone and mixture, is formed and is co-precipitated with cadmium, so that cadmium be made to become inactive products and cannot be introduced into In plant, most afterwards leaching through soil and be moved to matrix bottom lower part, thus greatly reduce cadmium in fermentation fertilizer Content, and will after fermentation fertilizer is mixed into matrix with pine soil, orchard soil, turf, remaining n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone alkane according to It so can constantly solidify cadmium a small amount of in matrix, the cadmium content in entire matrix system can be reduced, reduce cadmium to seedling It poisons, promotes the growth of oleander seedling stalwartness.

Comparative example 1:

On the basis of embodiment 1, the Dimethylsilanediol in embodiment 1 in S2.2 post-processing step is deleted, remaining Step is same as Example 1 with parameter.

Embodiment 2:

The method for culturing seedlings of Luckynut Thevetia Seed: the following steps are included:

S1: fermentation:

S1.1: stack retting: by soybean stalk cleaning and crushed after being dried to partial size is less than 5mm, and addition distilled water adjusts aqueous Rate is put in greenhouse natural stack retting, stack retting temperature is maintained at 35 DEG C, and every 2d turning is primary, keeps moisture content stack retting 15d to 60% Obtain compost made of stalks；

S1.2: compost: crushing after house refuse is dried with compost made of stalks, is uniformly mixed according to C/N ratio for 31:1, addition is steamed Distilled water adjusts moisture content to 65%, and every 1000Kg applies 180g leavening, 3Kg actinomyces and produce succinic acid containing water mixture intends bar The mix bacterium agent of bacterium, Phase Ⅱ composting, control pile core temperature are 70 DEG C, and every 3d turning is primary, keep moisture content fermentation 21d to obtain the final product Fermentation fertilizer；With stalk and house refuse preparation fermentation fertilizer, the manufacturing cost of matrix and the processing cost of raw material are not only reduced, And pollution environment is avoided, and after fermented bacterium fermentation, the cellulose, the protein, shallow lake that are highly combined in stalk and house refuse The carbohydrate such as powder, which are fermented, is hydrolyzed to the relatively low soluble sugar of molecular weight, protein, starch etc., can satisfy cuttings The stage of taking root is being originated to the wilderness demand of carbohydrate；

S2: matrix treatments:

S2.1: mixing: fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil and turf being exposed to the sun 10d, partial size is crushed to and is less than 3mm, according to Weight ratio 8:6:10:1 is uniformly mixed, and it is 50% that addition distilled water, which adjusts water content,；Fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil are folder bamboo Peach cuttings and seedling provide the nutriments such as sufficient humic acid, organic matter, needed for meeting cuttage rooting and growth of seedling, together When turf can effectively reconcile the gas porosity and porosity of seedling medium, increase the water conservation moisture holding capacity of matrix, further increase and educate Gain effect of the seedling matrix to nursery；

S2.2: post-processing: the aqueous solution inorganic agent containing 1.39ppm Dimethylsilanediol Yu 27.5ppm ether is prepared, often 1000Kg siccative applies 800g inorganic agent, is uniformly mixed up to seedling medium, and it is temporary to be placed in clammy place；Inorganic agent is added to base After in matter, the absorption and utilization of cuttings and seedling to silicic acid can be effectively facilitated, improves the intracorporal silicone content of seedling, silicon absorbs Enhancing help to strengthen the formation and growth of lignifying, and further suppress oleander to the absorption of cadmium in seedling medium and rich Collection reduces toxic action of the cadmium element to oleander, promotes seedling to grow up healthy and sound, transplant early；Because of plants enriched effect, stalk Meeting enrichment phase is to the heavy metal cadmium of high level with house refuse, and after oleander absorbs more cadmium, root stands in the breach Receive injury, cadmium can lead to large biological molecule conformational change in conjunction with the sulfydryl in protein, interfere cell eubolism mistake Journey causes oxidative stress and cell membrane damage, and appearance is stem, root growth is slow, blade yellowing, fold curling, photosynthetic work It is suppressed for transpiration, under the conditions of existing for the ether, it is in 2~5 ranges that the degree of polymerization, which can occur, for Dimethylsilanediol Oligomerization, the low polymer of generation can promote conveying and transhipment of the silicic acid from matrix solution to plant cell, that is, facilitate The absorption and utilization of silicic acid in oleander plant pair matrix, and the reinforcing of silicon is absorbed to cuttings root and seedling plants portion xylem Formation be of great significance, accelerate the speed of growth and development degree of the xylem of cuttings seedling, also, xylem is strong Strong further to enhance the absorption of silicon, the two has beneficial to circulation, finally substantially increases the rooting rate and survival rate of cuttings, promotees Grow up into seedling stalwartness；

S3: preparation cuttings:

S3.1 clip: selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, luxuriant oleander maternal plant, at the apical cap of day side acquisition current year give birth to, Semi-lignified edible tender branch intercepts cuttings, and cuttings rugosity is 0.8cm, length 10cm, retains 6 internodes, top retains 3 leaves Piece, the blade upper half are cut off；Current year raw spray differentiation capability and fertility at the apical cap of day side is stronger, retains partial blade On the one hand facilitate blade and carry out photosynthesis, on the other hand facilitate the transpiration for reducing blade, prevent cuttings because of dehydration Seriously dry up；

S3.2: weak lye processing: preparing pH is 8.0 and the sodium hydroxide solution containing 2.5mM sparteine, and cuttings is soaked I.e. clammy store sth. in a cellar is taken out after 5s not in weak lye；Cuttings leaf section surface wound is more, thus its surface can penetrate more contain The tannic acid of amount, and the soluble protein in the tannic acid solidifiable soil liquid, protein adherence is in cuttings notch after solidification At surface, the exchange interaction with matrix solution is completely cut off, also incision callus can have been hindered to take root, thus will cause cuttings and exist Part in matrix occurs to rot, and it is slow to take root, and root system is weak, and rooting rate, survival rate decline soak cuttings leaf section through weak lye After bubble, the sodium hydroxide in weak lye can neutralize tannic acid, reduce the content of tannic acid and its to egg soluble in matrix solution White freezing action, and micro sparteine can enter intracellular, the sparteine of cuttings leaf section by osmosis It can inhibit the expression of tannic acid related gene in bracketplant leaf section cell in gene level, to reduce bracketplant leaf section to tannic acid Secretion, reduce the content of tannic acid, mitigate its freezing action to soluble protein, soluble sugar in matrix solution, promote It is actively exchanged into the solution between blade and matrix with energy, the active material accelerated in rooting agent solution enters cuttings wound Speed promotes cuttage rooting growth, improves rooting rate and survival rate；

S3.4: impregnate rooting agent solution: prepare rooting agent solution are as follows: sucrose 25g/L, fecula 45g/L, rice vinegar 11g/L, Aspirin 0.08g/L, withy leachate 15g/L, honey 16g/L, heteroauxin 29mg/L, basic element of cell division 18mg/L, food Salt 10g/L, urea 25g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.8g/L, ferrous sulfate 1.0g/L, magnesium molybdate 0.9g/L, surplus are water；It will be through The cuttings of baking is soaked into 30s in rooting agent solution in addition to blade, takes out and stands 5s；Rooting agent solution can provide abundance for cuttings Middle microelement, the nutriments such as carbohydrate, the division and differentiation of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division promote to insert The growth of fringe cell, elongation, make it accelerate differentiation, and heteroauxin can have facilitation to the synthesis of RNA and DNA, promote phase The gene expression of enzyme is closed, the synthesis and secretion of the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase are accelerated, from And promote the dedifferentiation of cell, callus is generated, causes the generation of root restriction, promotes the generation of adventitious root, complete to take root；

S3.5: dip active carbon powder: the cuttings after impregnating rooting agent solution and standing, which is dipped specific surface area, is 1500m²Then the active carbon powder of/g carries out cuttage；After cuttings surface adhesion active carbon powder, one side specific surface area is larger Active carbon powder help to maintain cuttings surface wettability, when in addition it can prevent cuttage unpolished rice matrix scratch cuttings it is delicate Epidermis, prevent cuttings from infecting；

S4: cuttage:

S4.1: setting seedling bed: seedling bed is set in the greenhouse for being provided with Intelligent spray irrigation facility, is made with width 2m ridging Furrow are deep-cut 32cm by furrow, row spacing 0.5m, and bottom is laid with one layer of common brick, is laid with 25cm seedling medium on common brick；It is being provided with intelligence Seedling bed is set in the greenhouse of equipment of sprinkler irrigation, relative humidity, temperature, illuminance, spray when nursery can be controlled with more refining Water realizes intensive management, whenever can train seedling in 1 year with nursery, increase economic efficiency；

S4.2: it completes cuttage: inserting diameter with interval 15cm in matrix after sprinkling profoundly water as the kind plant hole of 2cm, cave is deep Cuttings is vertically placed to seal in kind of plant hole and with matrix by 6cm, and a furrow are watered after having inserted with Intelligent spray irrigation facility, not with matrix Water is degree；When cuttage, cuttage can guarantee the accurate spacing and vertical plantation of cuttings in kind of plant hole, also can avoid the base of unpolished rice Matter scratches cuttings spray epidermis, makes cuttings infection and necrosis, improves cuttings survival rate；

S5: it is managed after inserting:

S5.1: control temperature and humidity: it is 95% that warm indoor relative humidity is controlled after inserting, and day temperature is 28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature It is 24 DEG C, light transmittance 60%；

S5.2: cuttage was completed between 2 months, and mist on daytime spraying 10 times, night mist is 4 times spraying, every time 4min by spraying；

Mist on daytime is 8 times spraying after S5.3:2 months, and night mist is 3 times spraying, while paying attention to disease and pest control and top dressing, Greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants are gradually removed after cuttage 6 months；After the completion of cuttage precision control cuttings and matrix it is relatively wet Degree, temperature, light transmittance, irrigation amount can promote cuttings and uniformly take root comprehensively, improve root activity, increase root long degree, keep root system strong Greatly, enter the growth of seedling stage quickly, increase robust seedling seedling, improve breeding efficiency, save seedling cost, expand economic benefit.

Wherein, leavening is the aqueous solution containing 17ppmN- N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N and 0.34 ‰ acetone；In leavening The n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and acetone of special proportion have cooperative gain effect, which can make N- methyl -2- pyrroles Chelatropic reaction occurs for the cadmium in alkanone and mixture, is formed and is co-precipitated with cadmium, so that cadmium be made to become inactive products and cannot be introduced into In plant, most afterwards leaching through soil and be moved to matrix bottom lower part, thus greatly reduce cadmium in fermentation fertilizer Content, and will after fermentation fertilizer is mixed into matrix with pine soil, orchard soil, turf, remaining n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone alkane according to It so can constantly solidify cadmium a small amount of in matrix, the cadmium content in entire matrix system can be reduced, reduce cadmium to seedling It poisons, promotes the growth of oleander seedling stalwartness.

Comparative example 2:

On the basis of embodiment 2, by the N- methyl -2- pyrroles in the leavening in embodiment 2 in S1.2 composting step Alkanone is deleted, remaining step and parameter are same as Example 2.

Embodiment 3:

Spend the method for culturing seedlings of oleander again, comprising: fermentation, matrix treatments, preparation cuttings, cuttage, insert after manage, specific packet Include following steps:

Fermentation: by the cleaning of at least one stalk and crushed after being dried to partial size is less than 5mm, and addition distilled water adjusts moisture content To 52%, natural stack retting is put in greenhouse, stack retting temperature is maintained at 32 DEG C, and every 2d turning is primary, and moisture content stack retting 14d is kept to obtain Compost made of stalks；It crushes after house refuse is dried with compost made of stalks, is uniformly mixed according to C/N ratio for 30:1, addition distilled water adjusting contains Water rate is to 55%, and every 1000Kg applies 160g leavening, 2Kg fermenting agent containing water mixture, and Phase Ⅱ composting controls pile core temperature Degree is 65 DEG C, and every 3d turning is primary, and moisture content fermentation 21d is kept to ferment to obtain the final product fertilizer；It is fertile with stalk and house refuse preparation fermentation, The manufacturing cost of matrix and the processing cost of raw material are not only reduced, and avoids pollution environment, after fermented bacterium fermentation, The carbohydrate such as cellulose, protein, the starch highly combined in stalk and house refuse, which are fermented, is hydrolyzed to molecular weight phase To lower soluble sugar, protein, starch etc., it can satisfy cuttings and originating the stage of taking root to a large amount of need of carbohydrate It asks；

Matrix treatments: fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil and turf are exposed to the sun 8d, are crushed to partial size less than 3mm, according to weighing Amount is uniformly mixed than 7:5:9:1, and it is 45% that addition distilled water, which adjusts water content, and then every 1000Kg siccative applies 750g processing Agent is uniformly mixed up to seedling medium, and it is temporary to be placed in clammy place；Fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil are oleander cuttings and seedling The nutriments such as sufficient humic acid, organic matter are provided, needed for meeting cuttage rooting and growth of seedling, while turf can be effective The gas porosity and porosity of reconciliation seedling medium, increase the water conservation moisture holding capacity of matrix, further increase seedling medium to nursery Gain effect；After inorganic agent is added in matrix, the absorption and utilization of cuttings and seedling to silicic acid can be effectively facilitated, The intracorporal silicone content of seedling is improved, the enhancing that silicon absorbs helps to strengthen the formation and growth of lignifying, and further suppresses folder Absorption and enrichment of the bamboo peach to cadmium in seedling medium reduce toxic action of the cadmium element to oleander, seedling are promoted to grow up healthy and sound, It transplants early；

Prepare cuttings: selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, luxuriant oleander maternal plant, at the apical cap of day side acquisition current year life, Semi-lignified edible tender branch intercepts cuttings, and cuttings rugosity is 0.5cm, length 8cm, retains 4 internodes, top retains 2 leaves Piece, the blade upper half are cut off, clammy after cuttings is handled with weak lye to store sth. in a cellar；Cuttings is taken out before cuttage, by cuttings lower part with fire Cuttings, is then placed in rooting agent solution and impregnates by baking, and it is 1400m that specific surface area is dipped after taking-up²The active carbon powder of/g, It can carry out cuttage；Current year raw spray differentiation capability and fertility at the apical cap of day side is stronger, retains one side of partial blade Face facilitates blade and carries out photosynthesis, on the other hand facilitates the transpiration for reducing blade, prevents cuttings serious because of dehydration And dry up, weak lye processing, baking, rooting agent solution be soaked in dip active carbon powder can accelerate induce cuttings callus Formation and differentiation, improve the rooting rate and rooting rate of cuttings；In addition, after cuttings surface adhesion active carbon powder, on the one hand The biggish active carbon powder of specific surface area helps to maintain cuttings surface wettability, the matrix of unpolished rice when in addition it can prevent cuttage The delicate epidermis of cuttings is scratched, prevents cuttings from infecting, helps to improve survival rate and breeding efficiency；

Cuttage: being arranged seedling bed in the greenhouse for being provided with Intelligent spray irrigation facility, makes furrow, row spacing with width 2m ridging Furrow are deep-cut 30cm by 0.5m, and bottom is laid with one layer of common brick, are laid with 24cm seedling medium on common brick, after sprinkling profoundly water in matrix with It is spaced 15cm and inserts the kind plant hole that diameter is 2cm, cuttings is vertically placed to seal in kind of plant hole and with matrix, a furrow by cave depth 5cm With the watering of Intelligent spray irrigation facility after having inserted, with matrix, water is not degree；It is arranged in the greenhouse for being provided with Intelligent spray irrigation facility and educates Seedbed, can control relative humidity, temperature, illuminance, amount of water sprayed when nursery with more refining, and realize intensive management, and one Whenever seedling can be trained with nursery in year, increased economic efficiency；When cuttage, cuttage can guarantee the essence of cuttings in kind of plant hole True spacing and vertical plantation, the matrix that also can avoid unpolished rice scratch cuttings spray epidermis, make cuttings infection and necrosis, improve cuttings at Motility rate；

Manage after inserting: it is 92% that warm indoor relative humidity is controlled after inserting, and day temperature is 26 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 20 DEG C, Light transmittance is 55%；Cuttage was completed between 2 months, and mist on daytime spraying 10 times, night mist is 3 times spraying, every time 3min by spraying； Spraying 6 times of mist on daytime after 2 months, night mist is 2 times spraying, every time 3min by spraying, while paying attention to disease and pest control and top dressing, Cuttage gradually removes greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants after May；After the completion of cuttage precision control cuttings and matrix relative humidity, Temperature, light transmittance, irrigation amount can promote cuttings and uniformly take root comprehensively, improve root activity, increases root long degree, grows root system, Enter the growth of seedling stage quickly, increase robust seedling seedling, improve breeding efficiency, save seedling cost, expands economic benefit.

At least one stalk be corn stover, wheat stalk, soybean stalk mixture；Crop waste stalk cellulose Rich content contains various trace elements simultaneously, nursery base material is suitable as after decomposed, has both improved the economic valence of crops Value, realizes the efficient utilization of material, while also reducing the processing cost of waste crop materials, avoids pollution environment.

Leavening is the aqueous solution containing 16ppmN- N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N and 0.32 ‰ acetone；It is special in leavening to match The n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone of ratio and acetone have a cooperative gain effect, the synergistic effect can make n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and Chelatropic reaction occurs for the cadmium in mixture, is formed and is co-precipitated with cadmium, so that cadmium be made to become inactive products and cannot be introduced into plant It is interior, most afterwards the leaching through soil and be moved to matrix bottom lower part, thus greatly reduce fermentation fertilizer in cadmium content, and And will be after fermentation fertilizer is mixed into matrix with pine soil, orchard soil, turf, remaining n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone alkane still can be with Constantly solidify cadmium a small amount of in matrix, the cadmium content in entire matrix system can be reduced, reduces murder by poisoning of the cadmium to seedling, promote Grow up into oleander seedling stalwartness.

Fermenting agent is the Mixed Microbes of actinomyces, Bacteroides succinogenes, potassium solubilizing bacteria；It is fermenting agent to life using Mixed Microbes Rubbish living ferments with stalk, the macromolecules molecular weight such as protein, cellulose in raw material thoroughly can be degraded to small point Sub- solable matter carries out the collaboration that can be played between multiple-microorganism of fermenting conducive to being absorbed and utilized for cuttings with mix bacterium agent Mating reaction is fermented more thorough, is shortened fermentation time, is reduced cost.

Inorganic agent is the aqueous solution of Dimethylsilanediol and ether, and the content of Dimethylsilanediol is in inorganic agent The content of 1.38ppm, ether are 27.6ppm, remaining is water；It, can enrichment phase in stalk and house refuse because of plants enriched effect To the heavy metal cadmium of high level, after oleander absorbs more cadmium, what root stood in the breach receives injury, and cadmium can be with albumen Sulfydryl in matter combines, and leads to large biological molecule conformational change, interferes cell normal metabolic processes, causes oxidative stress and cell Membrane damage, appearance is stem, root growth is slow, and blade yellowing, fold curling, photosynthesis are suppressed in transpiration, Under the conditions of existing for the ether, it is the oligomerization in 2~5 ranges, the oligomerization of generation that the degree of polymerization, which can occur, for Dimethylsilanediol Object can promote conveying and transhipment of the silicic acid from matrix solution to plant cell, that is, facilitate silicic acid in oleander plant pair matrix Absorption and utilization, and the reinforcing of silicon absorption be of great significance to the formation of cuttings root and seedling plants portion xylem, add The fast speed of growth and development degree of the xylem of cuttings seedling, also, the strong of xylem further enhances the suction of silicon It receives, the two has beneficial to circulation, finally substantially increases the rooting rate and survival rate of cuttings, promotes the growth of seedling stalwartness.

When weak lye processing, cuttings is immersed in weak lye after 4s and takes out i.e. clammy store sth. in a cellar；The weak lye be containing The sodium hydroxide solution of 2.4mM sparteine, pH 7.5；Cuttings leaf section surface wound is more, thus its surface can penetrate compared with The tannic acid of more contents, and the soluble protein in the tannic acid solidifiable soil liquid, protein adherence is in cuttings after solidification At cut surface, the exchange interaction with matrix solution is completely cut off, also incision callus can have been hindered to take root, thus will cause slotting Part of the fringe in matrix occurs to rot, and it is slow to take root, and root system is weak, rooting rate, survival rate decline, by cuttings leaf section through weak base After liquid impregnates, the sodium hydroxide in weak lye can neutralize tannic acid, reduce the content of tannic acid and its to solvable in matrix solution The freezing action of property albumen, and micro sparteine can enter the intracellular of cuttings leaf section by osmosis, goldspink Flower alkali can inhibit the expression of tannic acid related gene in bracketplant leaf section cell in gene level, to reduce bracketplant leaf section to list The secretion of peaceful acid, reduces the content of tannic acid, mitigates it and makees to the solidification of soluble protein, soluble sugar in matrix solution With the solution between promotion blade and matrix is actively exchanged with energy, and the active material accelerated in rooting agent solution enters cuttings The speed of wound promotes cuttage rooting growth, improves rooting rate and survival rate.

When by cuttings lower part with fire baking, by cuttings lower part apart from flame 20cm or more, it is baked to cuttings lower part and is touched with hand Touch with burning heat sensation；When with fire baking, high temperature helps to kill the microorganism on cuttings surface, prevents cuttings by microorganism sense Dye, while the stomata on cuttings surface obtains diastole after toasting, the tissue expanded by heating of cuttings wound and epidermis, not only it is internal Cell liquid exchange velocity is accelerated, and cell activation is facilitated, and additionally aids rooting agent solution and enters performance growth-promoting root function in cuttings body Energy.

Cuttings is placed in when being impregnated in rooting agent solution, cuttings is soaked into 20s in rooting agent solution in addition to blade, taken out Stand 4s；Rooting agent solution is the solution containing following ingredients: sucrose 24g/L, fecula 40g/L, rice vinegar 10g/L, Ah Si Woods 0.07g/L, withy leachate 14g/L, honey 15g/L, heteroauxin 28mg/L, basic element of cell division 15mg/L, salt 8g/L, Urea 24g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.6g/L, ferrous sulfate 0.8g/L, magnesium molybdate 0.7g/L, surplus are water；Rooting agent solution can The nutriments such as sufficient middle microelement, carbohydrate, point of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division are provided for cuttings It splits and breaks up, promote the growth of cuttings cell, elongation, it is made to accelerate differentiation, heteroauxin can have the synthesis of RNA and DNA Facilitation promotes the gene expression of relevant enzyme, accelerates the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase Synthesis and secretion generate callus, cause the generation of root restriction, promote adventitious root to promote the dedifferentiation of cell It generates, completes to take root.

Comparative example 3:

For embodiment 3, the n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in the leavening in embodiment 3 in fermentation step is deleted, together When the Dimethylsilanediol in the inorganic agent in 3 mesostroma processing step of embodiment is deleted, remaining step and parameter with reality It is identical to apply example 3.

Test case 1:

The root system level of each bracketplant kind in Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1~3 and level of growth are counted, as a result such as Shown in table 1.

The root system level and growth level statistic of 1. bracketplant seedling of table

As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 3, the rooting rate and transplanting survival rate of oleander seedling have reached 100%, The upgrowth situation of its root system situation and aerial part is also more excellent simultaneously, illustrates that the method for the present invention is a kind of high rooting rate, height The oleander method for culturing seedlings of survival rate.

The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail It repeats.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander, characterized by comprising:

After oleander cuttings is handled through weak lye, toasted, impregnated rooting agent solution, dip active carbon powder, cuttage enters to be laid with Have on the seedling bed of seedling medium, control relative humidity, temperature, light transmittance, poured with misty spraying, pays attention to disease and pest control and Greenhouse ceiling and acclimatization and transplants are gradually taken out in top dressing, cuttage after 4~June；

The seedling medium is the mixture of fermentation fertilizer, pine needle layer, orchard soil and turf, and adjusting water content is 45~50%, is applied Enter inorganic agent, is uniformly mixed up to seedling medium.

2. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when weak lye processing, by cuttings Be immersed in after weak lye take out it is i.e. clammy store sth. in a cellar, the weak lye is molten for the sodium hydroxide containing 2.3~2.5mM sparteine Liquid, pH are 7.3~8.0.

3. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when the baking, by cuttings lower part with Fire baking, cuttings lower part is baked to cuttings lower part and has touched burning heat sensation apart from flame 20cm or more.

4. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surface area of the active carbon powder is 1200~1500m²/g。

5. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the misty pouring step are as follows:

Cuttage was completed between 2 months, and mist on daytime spraying 8~10 times, night mist is 2~4 times spraying, every time 2~4min by spraying；

After cuttage is completed 2 months, mist on daytime spraying 5~8 times, night mist is 1~3 time spraying, every time 2~4min by spraying.

6. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the preparation step of the fermentation fertilizer are as follows: It crushes, is uniformly mixed after house refuse is dried with compost made of stalks, addition distilled water adjusts moisture content to 50~65%, applies fermentation Agent, fermenting agent, Phase Ⅱ composting must ferment fertilizer；

The leavening is the aqueous solution containing 15~17ppmN- N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone N and 0.30~0.34 ‰ acetone.

7. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the house refuse is mixed with compost made of stalks Uniformly when according to C/N ratio be 26~31:1.

8. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dosage of the inorganic agent is every 1000Kg siccative applies 400~800g inorganic agent.

9. the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that: the inorganic agent is to contain 1.35 The aqueous solution of~1.39ppm Dimethylsilanediol and 27~27.5ppm ether.

10. application of the method for culturing seedlings of oleander according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in oleander nursery breeding.