CN109476585B - 用于改善皮肤炎症或老化的新型的自噬激活诱导化合物 - Google Patents
用于改善皮肤炎症或老化的新型的自噬激活诱导化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109476585B CN109476585B CN201780039322.9A CN201780039322A CN109476585B CN 109476585 B CN109476585 B CN 109476585B CN 201780039322 A CN201780039322 A CN 201780039322A CN 109476585 B CN109476585 B CN 109476585B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型的自噬激活诱导化合物、其盐及其用途,特别是包括能够诱导自噬激活的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的用于治疗和预防神经退行性疾病,II型糖尿病,或特应性皮炎或牛皮癣皮炎的药物组合物,用于缓解衰老、特应性或牛皮癣皮炎的化妆品组合物,和食物组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新化合物及其用途,更具体地,涉及一种具有优异的自噬激活能力、从而用于预防和治疗各种与衰老相关的代谢疾病和炎症性皮肤病如特应性皮炎和牛皮癣的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐及其用途。
背景技术
牛皮癣和特应性皮肤病的病因尚未明确揭示;然而,这些疾病被评为过敏性皮肤病。特应性皮炎被认为与遗传因素和免疫系统缺陷有关。除此之外,据报道,干燥的皮肤,与正常人相比容易感觉痒的特征,或情感和环境因素彼此一起出现。
特应性皮炎患者相关病变与Th2-细胞介导的免疫反应过度产生IL-6,IL-8和IL-10,血清免疫球蛋白(IgE)浓度增加,干扰素-γ(IFN)产生减少有关。牛皮藓是由皮肤中炎性细胞浸润的慢性激活和表皮角质形成细胞的控制紊乱诱导的免疫介导的自身免疫性皮肤病。根据现有报道,据报道其与一种复杂的机制有关,包括炎性细胞因子和免疫细胞浸润如T细胞之间的相互作用,最近,据报道不仅有Th1细胞,还有Th17细胞和Th-17介导的细胞因子如IL-17A和IL-22诱导促进牛皮癣产生。
同时,自噬是指一种当细胞内能量耗尽或细胞内应激因子过度产生时降解老化或受损的细胞内成分和细胞器的机制,从而使能量再生并去除受损成分,并且保证维持正常细胞。最近,各种研究已经报道,随着衰老或老化加速,细胞内自噬激活迅速减少。此外,当自噬被抑制时,老化的线粒体和错误折叠的蛋白质等在细胞中过度积累,导致细胞中自由基和氧化应激的增加,最终导致细胞凋亡和促进老化。
因此,通过激活自噬机制迅速除去未折叠或错误折叠的蛋白质,过量的脂滴,受损的线粒体等,该自噬机制降解细胞内老化的成分和细胞器,并从其中再循环分解的产物,从而提供细胞以更健康状态存活的环境。
从以前的报道可知,自噬调节可用于治疗和预防II型糖尿病,以及神经退行性疾病,例如阿尔茨海默病,亨廷顿舞蹈病和帕金森氏病。
此外,自噬维持细胞内稳态,并且还与免疫细胞反应和炎症途径有关。自噬适配器提供了去除细胞内微生物的机制。因此,需要开发一种通过促进细胞内自噬激活来治疗和预防神经退行性疾病和II型糖尿病,并减轻皮肤炎症的自噬激活物质。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的一个目的是提供一种新型的自噬激活诱导化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
此外,本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于治疗和预防神经退行性疾病、II型糖尿病和炎性皮肤病如特应性皮炎或牛皮癣的药物组合物,其包括本发明的自噬激活诱导化合物和其药学上可接受的盐作为有效成分。
另外,本发明的另一个目的是提供一种化妆品组合物,其包含本发明的自噬激活诱导化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
此外,本发明的另一个目的是提供一种食品组合物,其包含本发明的自噬激活诱导化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
解决方案
在一个方面,本发明提供了诱导细胞内自噬激活的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中本发明的化合物的结构如以下化学式1所示:
化学式1
其中
R为H或-X-R1;X为单键或-CO-;R1为取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基,例如取代或未取代的C2-C18烷基,例如取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在一示例性实施例中,所述的R1为取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在另一示例性实施例中,R1为取代或未取代的C15烷基。在各种更多的实施例中,R1为未取代的C15烷基。
在本发明的一示例性实施例中,化学式1可为下列的化学式2
化学式2
其中
R’为H或-X-R2;X为单键或-CO-;R2为取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基,例如取代或未取代的C2-C18烷基,例如取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在一示例性实施例中,所述的R2为取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在另一示例性实施例中,R2为取代或未取代的C15烷基。在各种更多的实施例中,R2为未取代的C15烷基。
优选地,在本发明的一优选实施例中,化学式2中的X可为-CO-,R2可为C1-C20烷基。
而且,本发明的另一个目的是提供一种治疗和预防神经退行性疾病、II型糖尿病或炎性皮肤病如特应性皮炎和牛皮癣的药物组合物,其包括本发明中如化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐作为有效成分。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述神经退行性疾病可为阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病或帕金森病。
优选地,本发明一实施方案中所述的药物组合物可包含0.0001至10wt%的如化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,并且其可以以片剂、丸剂、胶囊、颗粒、粉状剂、粉剂、液体剂、贴剂或注射剂的形式使用。
此外,本发明提供了一种包含本发明的如化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的化妆品组合物。
优选地,本发明一示例性实施方案中所述的化妆品组合物可包含0.0001至1wt%的如化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,并且其可以是悬浮液、乳液、膏、凝胶、霜、乳液、粉末、皂、含表面活性剂的清洁剂、油、粉底、乳液粉底、蜡粉底或喷雾剂型。
此外,本发明提供了一种包含本发明的如化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的食物组合物。
发明有益效果
本发明的如化学式1所示的新型自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐可以增加自噬相关蛋白的表达以激活自噬,从而保护细胞免受氧化应激,并且补救,预防和治疗各种氧化应激引起的疾病和症状。
本发明的药物组合物包括诱导自噬活化的本发明的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,从而非常有效地治疗和预防自噬相关疾病,特别是牛皮癣,特应性皮炎,神经退行性疾病或II型糖尿病。
本发明的化妆品组合物(特别是用于缓解和治疗牛皮癣和特应性皮炎)和食物组合物也可包括能增加自噬相关蛋白的表达的本发明的自噬激活诱导化合物或药学上其可接受的盐,从而保护细胞,组织和器官免受氧化应激,因此在抗炎方面非常有效。
附图说明
以下附图结合给出的优选实施例的描述使本发明上述和其他对象,特征和优点变得显而易见,其中,
图1为本发明化合物8处理后,自噬激活和其相关的蛋白质表达的分析结果。
图2-4为本发明化合物8处理后,特应性皮炎和牛皮癣相关标志物的基因表达和蛋白质表达的分析结果。
图5至7为本发明化合物8在特应性和牛皮癣免疫应答中出现的细胞因子IL-6(白细胞介素-6)和IL-8(白细胞介素-8)的免疫测定结果。
图8和9为在特应性和牛皮癣免疫应答中出现的细胞因子的基因表达的分析结果。
图10为使用免疫测定法,本发明化合物8和对比实施例化合物对特应性和牛皮癣免疫应答中出现的细胞因子IL-1β(白细胞介素-1β)作用的比较结果。
图11和12为显示牛皮癣动物模型实验的整个过程和具体实验方法的示意图。
图13至15为本发明化合物8在牛皮癣动物模型中的临床和组织学结果。
图16为用本发明化合物8治疗牛皮癣动物模型后体重变化的分析结果。
图17为用本发明化合物8治疗牛皮癣动物模型后的经表皮水分流失(TEWL)的分析结果。
图18为本发明化合物8处理牛皮癣动物模型的耳后分析耳部皮肤厚度变化的结果。
具体实施方式
本发明最佳实施方式
[定义]
除非另有说明,术语“烷基”本身或作为另一取代基的一部分,是指直链或支链,或环烃基或其组合,其可以是完全饱和的,单不饱和或多不饱和的,并且可以包括具有指定碳原子数的单价,二价和多价基团(即,C1-C10表示1-10个碳原子)。饱和烷基的实例包括但不限于诸如甲基,亚甲基,乙基,亚乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,叔丁基,异丁基,仲丁基,环己基,(环己基)甲基,环丙基甲基,例如正戊基,正己基,正庚基,正辛基等基团的同系物和异构体。不饱和烷基是具有一个或多个双键或三键的烷基。不饱和烷基的实例包括但不限于乙烯基,2-丙烯基,巴豆基,2-异戊烯基,2-(丁二烯基),2,4-戊二烯基,3-(1,4-戊二烯基),乙炔基,1-和3-丙炔基,3-丁炔基,以及更高级的同系物和异构体。
除非另有说明,术语“烷基”包括“亚烷基”和任选地下面更详细定义的那些烷基衍生物,例如“杂烷基”。
除非另有说明,术语“杂烷基”本身或与另一术语组合是指由所述碳原子数和至少一个选自O,N,Si,P和S的杂原子组成的稳定的直链或支链,或环烃基或其组合,其中氮和硫原子可任选被氧化,氮杂原子可任选被季铵化。杂原子O,N,S,P和Si可以位于杂烷基的任何内部位置或烷基与分子其余部分连接的位置。例子包括但不限于-CH2-CH2-O-CH3,-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3,-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)-CH3,-CH2-S-CH2-CH3,-CH2-CH2,-S(O)-CH3,-CH2-CH2-S(O)2-CH3,-CH=CH-O-CH3,-Si(CH3)3,-CH2-CH=N-OCH3,和-CH=CH-N(CH3)-CH3。最多两个杂原子可以是连续的,例如-CH2-NH-OCH3和-CH2-O-Si(CH3)3。类似地,术语“杂亚烷基”本身或作为另一取代基的一部分是指衍生自杂烷基的二价基团,例如但不限于-CH2-CH2-S-CH2-CH2-和-CH2-S-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-。对于杂亚烷基,杂原子也可占据链末端中的任一个或两个(例如亚烷氧基,亚烷二氧基,亚烷基氨基,亚烷基二氨基等)。此外,对于亚烷基和杂亚烷基连接基团,连接基团的所画的方向并不暗示连接基团的取向。例如,式-C(O)2R'-表示-C(O)2R'-和-R'C(O)2-。
除非另有说明,术语“环烷基”和“杂环烷基”本身或与其它术语组合分别表示“烷基”和“杂烷基”的环状形式。还包括二价和多价物质,例如“亚环烷基”。另外,对于杂环烷基,杂原子可以占据杂环与分子其余部分连接的位置。环烷基的实例包括但不限于环戊基,环己基,1-环己烯基,3-环己烯基,环庚基等。杂环烷基的实例包括但不限于1-(1,2,5,6-四氢吡啶基),1-哌啶基,2-哌啶基,3-哌啶基,4-吗啉基,3-吗啉基,四氢呋喃-2-基,四氢呋喃-3-基,四氢噻吩-3-基,1-哌嗪基,2-哌嗪基等。
示例性的“烷基”,“烷氧基”和其它含有“烷基”片段的取代基包括直链和支链形式,并且具有1至20个碳原子,优选为1至17个,更优选为1至15个碳原子。
除非另有说明,术语“卤代”或“卤素”本身或作为另一取代基的一部分是指氟,氯,溴或碘原子。另外,诸如“卤代烷基”的术语意在包括单卤代烷基和多卤代烷基。例如,术语“卤代(C1-C4)烷基”意指包括但不限于诸如三氟甲基,2,2,2-三氟乙基,4-氯丁基,3-溴丙基等物质。
除非另有说明,术语“芳基”是指多不饱和芳族烃取代基,其可以是单环或多环(优选1至3个环),它们稠合在一起或共价连接。术语“杂芳基”是指含有1-4个选自N,O和S的杂原子的芳基(或环),其中氮和硫原子任意被氧化,并且氮原子任选被季铵化。杂芳基可以通过杂原子与分子的其余部分连接。芳基和杂芳基的非限制性实例包括苯基,1-萘基,2-萘基,4-联苯基,1-吡咯基,2-吡咯基,3-吡咯基,3-吡唑基,2-咪唑基,4-咪唑基,吡嗪基,2-恶唑基,4-恶唑基,2-苯基-4-恶唑基,5-恶唑基,3-异恶唑基,4-异恶唑基,5-异恶唑基,2-噻唑基,4-噻唑基,5-噻唑基,2-呋喃基,3-呋喃基,2-噻吩基,3-噻吩基,2-吡啶基,3-吡啶基,4-吡啶基,2-嘧啶基,4-嘧啶基,5-苯并噻唑基,嘌呤基,2-苯并咪唑基,5-吲哚基,1-异喹啉基,5-异喹啉基,2-喹喔啉基,5-喹喔啉基,3-喹啉基和6-喹啉基。还包括二价和多价连接基团,例如“亚芳基”。上述每个芳基和杂芳基环系统的取代基选自下述可接受的取代基。
为简洁起见,术语“芳基”当与其他术语(例如芳氧基,芳硫基氧基,芳基烷基)组合使用时,包括如上定义的芳基和杂芳基环。因此,术语“芳基烷基”意指包括其中芳基与烷基连接的那些基团(例如,苄基,苯乙基,吡啶基甲基等),包括碳原子已经被例如氧原子(例如,苯氧基甲基,2-吡啶氧基甲基,3-(1-萘氧基)丙基等)代替了烷基基团(例如亚甲基)。
上述术语(例如,“烷基”,“杂烷基”,“芳基”和“杂芳基”)中的每一个包括所示基团的取代和未取代形式。下面提供了每种类型基团的示例性取代基。
烷基和杂烷基的取代基(包括常规称为亚烷基,亚烯基,亚杂烷基,杂烯基,炔基,环烷基,杂环烷基,环烯基和杂环烯基的那些基团)可以是选自但不限于的各种基团中的一种或多种:-OR',=O,=NR',=N-OR',-NR'R”,-SR',-卤素,-SiR'R”R”',-OC(O)R',-(O)R',-CO2R',-CONR'R”,-OC(O)NR'R”,-NR”C(O)R',SO3R',NR'C(O)NR”R”',-NR”C(O)2R',-NR-C(NR'R”R”')=NR””,NRC(NR'R”)=NR”',-S(O)R',-S(O)2R',-S(O)2NR'R”,NRSO2R',-CN和-NO2,取代基数量范围为0到(2m'+1),其中m'是基团中碳原子总数。R',R”,R”'和R””各自独立地优选为氢,取代或未取代的杂烷基,取代或未取代的芳基,例如被1-3个卤素取代的芳基,取代或未取代的烷基,烷氧基或硫代烷氧基,或芳烷基。当本发明的化合物包括多于一个R基团时,例如,当存在多于一个这样的基团时,每个R基团独立地选自R',R”,R”'和R””基团。当R'和R”连接在同一个氮原子时,它们可与氮原子连接形成5-,6-或7-元环。例如,-NR'R”意指包括但不限于1-吡咯烷基和4-吗啉基。因此,根据上述对取代基的讨论,本领域技术人员将理解,术语“取代烷基”和“杂烷基”意指包括碳原子与氢原子以外的基团键合的基团,例如卤代烷基(例如,-CF3和-CH2CF3)和酰基(例如,-C(O)CH3,-C(O)CF3,-C(O)CH2OCH3等)。
以上段落中列出的取代基在本文中称为“烷基取代基”。
类似于对烷基描述的取代基,芳基和杂芳基的取代基是多样的,并且选自,例如:卤素,OR',=O,=NR',=N-OR',-NR'R”,-SR',-卤素,-SiR'R”R”',OC(O)R',-C(O)R',CO2R',-CONR'R”,-OC(O)NR'R”,-NR”C(O)R',NR'C(O)NR”R”',-NR”C(O)2R”,NRC(NR'R”)=NR”',-S(O)R',-S(O)2R',SO3R',-S(O)2NR'R”,NRSO2R',-CN和-NO2,-R',-N3,-CH(Ph)2,氟(C1-C4)烷氧基和氟代(C1-C4)烷基,取代基数量范围为0到芳环系统上的开放价态的总数;其中R',R”,R”'和R””独立地优选自氢,(C1-C8)烷基和杂烷基,未取代的芳基和杂芳基,(未取代的芳基)-(C1-C4)烷基和(未取代的芳基)氧基-(C1-C4)烷基。例如,当本发明的化合物包括多于一个R基团时,当存在多于一个这样基团时,每个R基团独立地选自R',R”,R”'和R””基团。
芳基或杂芳基环的相邻原子上的两个取代基可任选地被式-T-C(O)-(CRR')q-U-的取代基取代,其中T和U独立地为-NR-,-O-,-CRR'-或单键,q是0至3的整数。或者,芳基或杂芳基环的相邻原子上的两个取代基可任选地被式-A(CH2)rB-的取代基取代。其中A和B独立地为-CRR'-,-O-,-NR-,-S-,-S(O)-,S(O)2-,-S(O)2NR'-或单键,r是1至4的整数。这样形成的新环的单键之一可任选地被双键取代。或者,芳基或杂芳基环的相邻原子上的两个取代基可任选地被式-(CRR')s-X-(CR”R””)d-的取代基取代,其中s和d独立地为0到3的整数,X为-O,-NR'-,-S,-S(O)-,-S(O)2-或-S(O)2NR'-。取代基R,R',R”和R”'独立地优选自氢或取代或未取代的(C1-C6)烷基。
以上两段中列出的取代基在本文中称为“芳基取代基”。
在下文中,将用参考附图详细描述本发明的实施例。
本发明提供一种如以下化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其可以诱导自噬激活以有效地用于各种用途:
化学式1
其中
R为H或-X-R1;X为单键或-CO-;R1为取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基,例如取代或未取代的C2-C18烷基,例如取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在本发明一示例性实施例中,所述的R1为取代或未取代的C13-C17烷基。在本发明另一示例性实施例中,R1为取代或未取代的C15烷基。在各种更多的实施例中,R1为未取代的C15烷基。
细胞内自噬激活在年轻人的组织和细胞中频发,但随着年龄的增长,细胞内自噬相关蛋白的表达迅速降低。因此,自噬活性迅速降低,从而使得细胞内老化的蛋白质,脂质和线粒体不能及时除去,导致细胞迅速老化。
因此,自噬被激活,从而抑制细胞,组织和器官的老化,可以治疗由衰老引起的各种疾病。
此外,自噬的激活通过去除细胞内有害蛋白质和细胞器来改善老化细胞的活力,并与每个个体的寿命增加密切相关。
根据现有技术的报道,自噬的激活减少了引起阿尔茨海默氏病的主要原因的β-淀粉样蛋白积聚,从而起到保护细胞免受细胞毒性影响的作用,使神经细胞的损伤最小化(Hung et al.Autophagy,2009,5,4,502-510)。自噬的激活降解并去除造成亨廷顿氏病的主要原因的突变亨廷顿蛋白(htt)蛋白,从而缓解症状并治疗亨廷顿氏病(Qi et al.PLOSone,2012,7,10,e46834)。自噬的激活起到抑制引起帕金森氏病的主要原因的α-突触核蛋白积聚的作用,从而减轻神经退行(Xilouri et al.Brain,2013,136,2130-2146)。此外,自噬的激活去除通过破坏胰腺β细胞引起II型糖尿病的人胰腺淀粉样蛋白多肽的毒性寡聚体,从而减轻症状并治疗II型糖尿病(Kim et al.The Journal of ClinicalInvestigation,2014,124,8,3311-3324)。
另外,最近报道了由于环境污染引起的皮炎如特应性皮炎,牛皮癣和痤疮或皮肤病的发病率正在增加。虽然尚未阐明这些疾病发病的确切机制,但人们普遍认为细胞因子通过许多信号转导途径向各种细胞发送下游信号并通过与表面上的细胞因子受体结合来调节免疫和皮肤炎症,从而导致角质细胞的增生和抑制角质细胞分化(Arijit Coondoo,Indian J Dermatol,57,90-96,2012)。
因此,发明人努力开发促进自噬活化的物质,结果发现如化学式1所示的化合物通过增加细胞内自噬相关基因转录和蛋白质表达而具有激活自噬的作用,并且其在抑制炎性细胞因子的分泌中具有重要作用,从而完成了本发明。
因此,本发明中如下化学式1所示的诱导自噬激活的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐具有增加自噬激活相关蛋白的表达和激活自噬的作用,因此,包含它们的组合物可能非常适用于抗衰老,或预防,补救或治疗神经退行性疾病(阿尔茨海默病,亨廷顿舞蹈病,帕金森病等),II型糖尿病或皮炎,如牛皮癣和特应性皮炎。
优选地,本发明一示例性实施方案中所述的如化学式1所示的诱导自噬激活的化合物可如以下化学式2所示:
化学式2
其中
R’为H或-X-R2;X为单键或-CO-;R2为取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基,例如取代或未取代的C2-C18烷基,例如取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在本发明一示例性实施例中,所述的R2为取代或未取代的C13-C17烷基。在本发明另一示例性实施例中,R2为取代或未取代的C15烷基。在各种更多的实施例中,R2为未取代的C15烷基。
优选地,本发明一示例性实施方案中,化学式2中的X可为-CO-,R2可为取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基,例如取代或未取代的C2-C18烷基,例如取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在本发明一示例性实施例中,所述的R2为取代或未取代的C3-C17烷基。在本发明另一示例性实施例中,R2为取代或未取代的C15烷基。在各种更多的实施例中,R2为未取代的C15烷基。
具体地,本发明的如化学式1所示的诱导自噬激活的化合物可如由以下化学式3所示:
化学式3
其中
此外,本发明提供了一种用于预防或治疗神经退行性疾病,II型糖尿病或牛皮癣和特应性皮炎的药物组合物,其包含如本发明的化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
具体地,本发明的药物组合物通过激活自噬功能在预防或治疗由突变的α-淀粉样蛋白,亨廷顿蛋白,α-突触核蛋白和人胰腺淀粉样多肽的毒性寡聚体引起的阿尔茨海默氏病,亨廷顿氏病,帕金森病,II型糖尿病,牛皮癣或特应性皮炎方面非常有效。
本发明一示例性实施方案中,所述的神经退行性疾病可以是阿尔茨海默氏病,亨廷顿舞蹈病或帕金森氏病。
本发明一示例性实施方案中,所述的药物组合物中包含的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的含量可以根据所述组合物的用途,应用形式,使用目的和所需效果进行适当调整。考虑到含量影响效果,例如,基于组合物的总重量,其可以为0.0001至10wt%,优选0.001至5wt%,最优选0.03至1wt%。当含量低于上述范围时,可能无法获得基本的自噬活化效果,并且当含量高于上述范围时,由于本发明物质的高吸湿性,制剂的稳定性可能劣化,因此,上述范围是优选的。
本发明化合物的药学上可接受的盐可以使用本领域已知的常规技术制备,术语“药学上可接受的盐”包括衍生自药学上可接受的无机酸,有机酸或碱的盐。合适的酸的实例可包括盐酸,溴酸,硫酸,硝酸,高氯酸,富马酸,马来酸,磷酸,乙醇酸,乳酸,水杨酸,琥珀酸,对甲苯磺酸,酒石酸,乙酸,三氟乙酸,柠檬酸,甲磺酸,甲酸,苯甲酸,丙二酸,萘-2-磺酸,苯磺酸等。衍生自合适碱的盐可含有碱金属如钠,碱土金属如镁,铵等。
本发明的药物组合物可主要通过口服,静脉内,腹膜内,肌肉内和皮下给药方法使用。此外,它可以通过常规方法配制成口服制剂,例如粉末,颗粒,片剂,胶囊,悬浮液,乳液,糖浆和气溶胶,外用制剂,栓剂,无菌注射溶液等,但是,对制剂形式没有特殊限制。
本发明的药物组合物还可包含常规用于制备药物组合物的药学上可接受的添加剂。所述药学上可接受的添加剂是指载体或稀释剂,其既不显著刺激生物体也不抑制生物活性和性质,以及给药化合物。此外,添加剂可以改善制剂的制备,压缩,外观和味道,例如,可根据需要添加稳定剂,表面活性剂,润滑剂,增溶剂,缓冲剂,甜味剂,碱,吸附剂,增味剂,粘合剂,悬浮剂,硬化剂,抗氧化剂,增白剂,香料成分,调味剂,颜料,涂层剂,润湿剂,润湿调节剂,填料,消泡剂,清新剂,咀嚼剂,抗静电剂,着色剂,糖衣剂,等渗剂,软化剂,乳化剂,粘着剂,增稠剂,发泡剂,pH调节剂,赋形剂,分散剂,崩解剂,防水剂,杀菌剂,防腐剂,助溶剂,溶剂,流化剂等。
例如,口服给药的制剂包括片剂,丸剂,粉剂,颗粒剂,胶囊剂等,该制剂可包括至少一种赋形剂和/或润滑剂等。用于口服给药的液体制剂可以是悬浮液,口服液体,乳液,糖浆等,并且除了常用的简单稀释剂,水和液体石蜡之外,还包括各种赋形剂,例如润湿剂,甜味剂,芳香剂,防腐剂等。此外,肠胃外给药的制剂可包括无菌水溶液,非水溶剂,悬浮溶剂,乳液,冷冻干燥制剂,栓剂等。
药物组合物的优选剂量随患者的状态和体重,疾病的严重程度,药物形式,给药途径和持续时间而变化,但可由本领域技术人员适当选择。对于更优选的效果,优选本发明组合物基于有效组分的剂量为每天0.1mg/kg至100mg/kg,但不限于此。给药可以是每天一次,也可以一天多次。本发明的药物组合物的药物给药形式可以是有效成分的药学上可接受的盐的形式,也可以单独使用,与其他药物活性化合物组合使用,或者作为适当的聚集体使用。
本发明的药物组合物可以口服或胃肠外给药,在肠胃外给药的情况下,可以使用静脉内注射,皮下注射,肌内注射,腹膜内注射,透皮给药等。
本发明的药物组合物可包含药学上可接受的载体。本发明药物组合物中所包含的药学上可接受的载体可以常用于制备,包括乳糖,右旋糖,蔗糖,山梨糖醇,甘露醇,淀粉,阿拉伯树胶,磷酸钙,藻酸盐,明胶,硅酸钙,微晶纤维素,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,纤维素,水,糖浆,甲基纤维素,甲基羟基苯甲酸酯,丙基羟基苯甲酸酯,滑石,硬脂酸镁,矿物油等,但不限于此。除上述组分外,本发明的药物组合物还可包含润滑剂,润湿剂,甜味剂,调味剂,乳化剂,悬浮剂,防腐剂等。
本发明的药物组合物可以使用药学上可接受的载体和/或赋形剂,通过本发明所属领域的技术人员可以容易地实施的方法配制成常规的制剂,从而制备成单位剂型或通过注射到多容量容器中制备。常规的制剂是指,例如,口服(片剂,胶囊,粉剂),口内,舌下,直肠内,阴道内,鼻内,局部或肠胃外(包括静脉内,海绵体内,肌肉内,皮下和静脉内)给药制剂。例如,本发明的自噬激活诱导化合物可以以含有淀粉或乳糖的片剂的形式,或者单独形成或含有赋形剂的胶囊,或含有调味或着色化学品的酏剂或悬浮液形式口服,口内或舌下给药。液体制剂可以与药学上可接受的添加剂一起制备,例如悬浮液(例如甲基纤维素,半合成甘油酯例如witepsol,或甘油酯混合物例如杏仁油和PEG-6酯的混合物,或PEG-8和辛酸/癸酸甘油酯的混合物)。此外,当在肠胃外,例如,静脉内,海绵体内,肌内,皮下和腔内注射时,最优选以无菌水溶液的形式使用,其中溶液可以含有其他物质(例如,盐或单糖如甘露醇或葡萄糖)以便与血液具有等渗性。
优选地,本发明一示例性实施方案中所述的药物组合物可以以片剂,丸剂,胶囊剂,颗粒剂,粉状剂,粉剂,液体剂,贴剂或注射溶液的形式使用。
此外,本发明提供了一种化妆品组合物,其包含本发明中如化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的化妆品组合物是一种用于缓解和治疗特应性皮炎或抗衰老的功能性化妆品组合物,并且根据给药途径,它可以是能够皮肤外,透皮或皮下给药的组合物,优选皮肤外部或透皮给药,更优选皮肤外给药。
本发明的化妆品组合物是指可以透皮应用于皮肤,头皮或头发的组合物,并且可以用于制备所有化妆品,例如基础化妆品,化妆品,身体产品,剃须产品和护发产品,并且可以配制成悬浮液,乳液,糊剂,凝胶,霜剂,洗剂,粉末,皂剂,含表面活性剂的清洁剂,油,粉底,乳液粉底,蜡粉底或喷雾剂,但是对形式没有特别限制。
本发明的化妆品组合物中包含的如化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物的含量可以根据所述组合物的用途,应用形式,使用目的和所需效果进行适当调整。考虑到含量影响效果,例如,基于组合物的总重量,其可以为0.0001至1wt%,优选0.001至0.5wt%,最优选0.03至0.1wt%。当含量低于上述范围时,可能无法获得基本的自噬活化效果,并且当含量高于上述范围时,由于本发明物质的高吸湿性,制剂的稳定性可能劣化,因此,上述范围是优选的。
本发明一示例性实施方案中的化妆品组合物还可包含可用于常规生产或制备的所有组分,例如调味剂,着色剂,消毒剂,抗氧化剂,杀菌剂,保湿剂,稳定剂,乳化剂,增稠剂,液晶薄膜增强剂,颜料,赋形剂,稀释剂,无机盐和合成聚合物等,以及如本发明的化学式1所示的自噬激活诱导化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其种类和含量可根据最终产品的用途和使用目的适当调整。
只要是本领域常用的材料,其可进一步含有的添加剂即不受限制,作为其具体实例,抗菌剂如丙二醇,1,2-己二醇,乙基己基甘油,苯氧基乙醇,己基异羟肟酸和辛酸甘油酯;紫外线吸收剂如甲氧基肉桂酸衍生物,二苯基丙烯酸衍生物,水杨酸衍生物,对氨基苯甲酸衍生物,三嗪衍生物,二苯甲酮衍生物,苯甲醛丙二酸酯衍生物,蒽烷衍生物,咪唑啉衍生物,4,4-二芳基丁二烯衍生物和苯基苯并咪唑衍生物体系;脂肪醇如十六醇,十八醇和二十二醇;稳定剂选自有机硅聚合物如双PEG-15/甲基乙基二甲基硅烷,二甲基硅氧烷/聚二甲基硅氧烷PEGT-10/15,聚二甲基硅氧烷/聚甘油-3,聚二甲基硅氧烷/二甲基硅氧烷醇,聚二甲基硅氧烷/聚二甲基硅氧烷乙烯基二甲基聚硅氧烷,环甲硅油/聚二甲基硅氧烷,环甲聚硅氧烷/二甲聚硅氧烷,环甲聚硅氧烷/三甲基甲硅烷,环戊硅氧烷/聚二甲基硅氧烷,环戊硅氧烷/PEG-12聚二甲基硅氧烷,环戊硅氧烷/鲸蜡硬脂二甲基硅氧烷/乙烯基聚二甲基,环戊硅氧烷/聚二甲基硅氧烷/乙烯基聚二甲基,和聚二甲基硅氧烷/乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷交联聚合物;乳化剂选自阳离子表面活性剂,阴离子表面活性剂,两性表面活性剂,非离子表面活性剂等或其混合,优选地,当然也可以通过聚甘油和脂肪酸与聚甘油脂肪酸酯基表面活性剂反应直接制备乳化剂,如聚甘油-4辛酸酯/癸酸酯,聚甘油-5辛酸酯/癸酸酯,聚甘油-6辛酸酯/癸酸酯,聚甘油-7辛酸酯/癸酸酯,聚甘油-8辛酸酯/癸酸酯,聚甘油-9辛酸酯/癸酸酯,聚甘油-10辛酸酯/癸酸酯,聚甘油基-4癸酸酯,聚甘油-5癸酸酯,聚甘油-6癸酸酯,聚甘油-7癸酸酯,聚甘油-8癸酸酯,聚甘油-9癸酸酯,聚甘油-10癸酸酯,聚甘油-4月桂酸酯,聚甘油-5月桂酸酯,聚甘油-6月桂酸酯,聚甘油-7月桂酸酯,聚甘油-8月桂酸酯,聚甘油-9月桂酸酯,聚甘油-10月桂酸酯,聚甘油-6椰油酸酯,聚甘油-7椰油酸酯,聚甘油-8椰油酸酯,聚甘油-9椰油酸酯,聚甘油-10椰油酸酯,聚甘油-11椰油酸酯,聚甘油-12椰油酸酯,聚甘油-6肉豆蔻酸酯,聚甘油-7肉豆蔻酸酯,聚甘油-8肉豆蔻酸酯,聚甘油-9肉豆蔻酸酯,聚甘油-10肉豆蔻酸酯,聚甘油-11肉豆蔻酸酯,聚甘油-12肉豆蔻酸酯,聚甘油-10油酸酯,聚甘油-11油酸酯,聚甘油-12油酸酯,聚甘油-10硬脂酸酯,聚甘油-11硬脂酸酯,聚甘油-12硬脂酸酯和聚甘油-6山嵛酸盐,或购自市售产品并使用。增稠剂用于赋予化妆品组合物合适的粘度以改善制剂的使用感和稳定性,并且可选自卡波姆,卡波普,明胶,黄原胶,天然纤维素,Hycel,甲基纤维素等,但不限于此。液晶薄膜增强剂用于增加液晶的强度,并紧密连接以保持液晶的长期稳定性,其可以是植物鞘氨醇,二羟乙基双乙酰基马来酰胺,胆固醇异硬脂酸酯,胆固醇油酸酯,胆固醇硬脂酸酯,卵磷脂,神经酰胺(例如,神经酰胺3,神经酰胺6)等,但不限于此。
此外,颜料包括体质颜料,白色颜料,着色颜料,珠光颜料,金属粉末,有机粉末等,体质颜料可以是滑石,云母,高岭土,碳酸钙,氧化铝,硅酸钡,沸石,白云母,碳酸镁,硫酸钡等,白色颜料可以是氧化钛,氧化锌等,着色颜料可以是红色氧化物,硫酸铁,氧化铁黑,氧化铬,深蓝色,普鲁士蓝,炭黑等,珠光颜料可以是二氧化钛,云母钛,钛酸铁和氧化钛涂覆的云母,二氧化硅,氧化锡,亚铁氰化铁等,金属粉末可以是金,银,铜,钯,铂等,有机粉末可以是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,尼龙,纤维素,淀粉等。此外,化妆品领域中公知的天然,无机和有机颜料全部可以使用,并且天然颜料可以是选自栀子黄,栀子蓝,栀子绿,栀子红,红曲红色着色剂,红曲黄色着色剂,红花黄色着色剂,胭脂红着色剂,胭脂红着色剂,紫胶色素,高粱着色剂,葡萄皮着色剂,红甘蓝着色剂,接骨木着色剂,蓝莓着色剂,辣椒粉着色剂,焦糖着色剂,红萝卜着色剂,柿子着色剂,Jeonryuhwa着色剂,核黄素,β-胡萝卜素,可可着色剂,姜黄色素,玉米红色着色剂,甜菜红色着色剂,花色素,花青素,藻青蛋白,藻蓝蛋白,叶绿素着色剂中的一种或其组合,无机颜料可选自金属氧化物(特别是氧化铁(红色,黑色,黄色,棕色),二氧化钛,氧化锌,氧化铬,铋氧氯化铝,氧化铝,氧化锆,氧化钴,氧化铈,氧化镍,氢氧化钙,氢氧化铁,氢氧化铝,氢氧化铬,氢氧化镁),和亚铁氰化铁铵,普鲁士蓝,硫化铁,锰紫,炭黑,云母,高岭土及其组合,有机颜料可以是天然或合成的有机染料,例如靛蓝色淀,胭脂红色淀,众所周知的FD&C和D&C染料系列衍生的色淀,例如D&C红21铝色淀,D&C红7钙色淀,芳香族偶氮,靛类,三苯甲烷,蒽醌和黄原胶染料。
本发明的化妆品组合物是一种用于抗衰老的功能性化妆品组合物,或为一种用于减轻特应性皮炎的化妆品组合物,并且根据给药途径,它可以是能够皮肤外,透皮或皮下给药的组合物,优选为皮肤外或透皮给药,更优选皮肤外给药,特别地用于缓解和治疗特应性皮炎的化妆品组合物优选是皮肤外用制剂。
此外,化妆品组合物可包括使用形式常规所包含的溶剂,例如,可包括选自乙醇,甘油,丁二醇,丙二醇,聚乙二醇,1,2,4-丁三醇,山梨糖醇酯,1,2,6-己三醇,苯甲醇,异丙醇,丁二醇,二乙二醇单乙醚,二甲基异山梨醇,N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,碳酸亚丙酯,甘油酯-26,甲基葡萄糖苷-20,肉豆蔻酸异十六烷酸酯,异十六烷基辛酸酯,辛基十二烷基肉豆蔻酸酯,辛基十二烷醇,异硬脂基异硬脂酸酯,十六烷基辛酸酯,新戊二醇二癸酸酯等中的一种或多种。当使用溶剂制备本发明的组合物时,化合物在溶剂中的溶解度根据化合物的种类或溶剂的混合配比略有不同,然而,本领域技术人员可以根据产品的性质适当地选择溶剂的量,并使用。
此外,化妆品组合物可包括各种用于在透皮给药时增强透皮渗透的物质。例如,它可包括月桂酸胺衍生物和油酸,单油酸酯衍生物的酯衍生物,爱达肤利,维甲酸,视黄醛,他扎罗汀,水杨酸,壬二酸,乙醇酸,乙氧基二甘醇,Tween 80,卵磷脂醇盐等。此外,为了向本发明的化妆品组合物中增加附加功能,可以添加辅助成分如辅助表面活性剂,表面活性剂,去头皮屑剂,角蛋白柔软剂,血液循环促进剂,细胞活化剂,清新剂,保湿剂,抗氧化剂,pH调节剂和纯净水,并且根据所应用的形式,在不抑制赋予本发明的自噬激活作用效果的组合物的效果的基础上,可以包含合适的添加剂,例如香料,颜料,防腐剂和赋形剂。
此外,本发明提供了一种食品组合物,其包含本发明的如化学式1所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的食物组合物可包括可接受的食物辅助添加剂,并且还包括常规用于制备功能性食物的合适的载体,赋形剂和稀释剂。
本发明中的食品是指含有一种或多种营养素的天然或加工产品,优选处于通过一定程度的加工直接食用的状态,在典型意义上,指包括所有各种食品,健康功能食品,饮料,食品添加剂和饮料添加剂。作为食物的实例,有各种食物,饮料,口香糖,茶,维生素复合物,功能食品等。此外,本发明的食品包括特殊营养食品(例如,改良奶,婴儿饮食等),肉制品,鱼制品,豆腐,果冻食品,面条(例如拉面,面条等),健康补充食品,调味食品(如酱油,豆酱,苦椒酱,混合酱油等),酱汁,糖果(如零食),乳制品(如发酵乳,奶酪等),其他加工食品,泡菜,咸食(各种泡菜,腌制蔬菜等),饮料(如果汁饮料,蔬菜饮料,豆浆,发酵饮料,冰淇淋等),天然调味料(如拉面汤底等),维生素复合物,酒精饮料,酒精和其他健康补充食品,但不限于此。健康功能食品,饮料,食品添加剂或饮料添加剂可以用常规制备方法制得。
此外,基于食品的总重量,包含在食品组合物中的本发明的如化学式1所示的化合物或其盐的含量可以是0.00001wt%至50wt%,并且当食品是饮料时,基于100mL食品,本发明化合物或其盐的含量可以为0.001g至50g,优选0.01g至10g,但不限于此。
以下将通过实施例的具体内容描述本发明。然而下述实施例仅仅是对本发明的阐述,而非任何限制。
实施例1化合物1的合成
实施例1-1化合物1a的合成
2-氯三苯甲基氯树脂(100-200目,Novabiochem,20g,1eq.),Fmoc-赖氨酸(Dde)-OH(Nα-Fmoc-Nε-Dde-L-赖氨酸,Nα-Fmoc-Nε-[1-(4,4-二甲基-2,6-二氧环己亚基)乙基]-L-赖氨酸)(21.3g,2eq.),和DIPEA(29.9mL,8eq.)以及DCM(700mL)加入到800mL反应容器中,室温下反应12h。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用500mL的DCM(二氯甲烷)和MeOH,DCM,和DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)洗涤。真空干燥得到化合物1a(Fmoc-赖氨酸(Dde)-氧-2-氯三苯甲基树脂)(固体,23g,99%收率)。
实施例1-2化合物1b的合成
化合物1a和700mL含20%哌啶的DMF溶液加入到800mL反应容器中,室温下反应5min,过滤除去反应溶液。再次加入700mL含20%哌啶的DMF溶液,在室温下反应5min。过滤除去反应液,合成的树脂依次用500mL DCM,MeOH,DCM和DMF洗涤。向通过真空干燥除去固体形式的Fmoc的产品中,加入600mL溶解Fmoc-赖氨酸(Fmoc)-OH(47.3g,4eq.),HOBt(10.8g,4eq.)和DIC(12.4mL,4eq.)的DMF,室温下反应4h。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用500mL的DCM,MeOH,DCM和DMF洗涤。真空干燥得到化合物1b(Fmoc-赖氨酸(Fmoc)-赖氨酸(Dde)-氧-2-氯三苯甲基树脂)(固体,25g,98%收率)。
实施例1-3化合物1c的合成
化合物1b和700mL含20%哌啶的DMF溶液加入到800mL反应容器中,室温下反应5min,过滤除去反应溶液。再次加入700mL含20%哌啶的DMF溶液,在室温下反应5min。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用500mL的DCM,MeOH,DCM和DMF洗涤。向通过真空干燥除去固体形式的Fmoc的产品中,加入600mL溶解叔丁基溴乙酸酯(59.1mL,20eq.)和DIPEA(69.7mL,20eq.)的DMF,室温下反应12h。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂用500mL DMF洗涤。再加入600mL溶解1,8-双(二甲氨基)萘(85.7g,20eq.),叔丁基溴乙酸酯(59.1mL,20eq.),和DIPEA(69.7mL,20eq.)的DMF,室温下反应12h。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用500mL的DCM,MeOH,DCM和DMF洗涤。真空干燥得到化合物1c(叔丁氧羰基甲基)2-赖氨酸(叔丁氧羰基甲基)2-赖氨酸(Dde)-氧-2-氯三苯甲基树脂)(固体,31g,95%收率)。
实施例1-4化合物1d的合成
化合物1c和700mL含2%肼的DMF溶液加入到800mL反应容器中,室温下反应5min。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂用500mL DMF洗涤。再加入700mL含10%DIPEA的DMF溶液,在室温下反应5min。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用500mL DCM(二氯甲烷),MeOH,DCM和DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)洗涤。真空干燥得到化合物1d(叔丁氧羰基甲基)2-赖氨酸(叔丁氧羰基甲基)2-赖氨酸(氨基)-氧-2-氯三苯甲基树脂)(固体,30g,99%收率)。
实施例1-5树脂和保护基脱除反应制备化合物1
化合物1d(1g,1eq.)和5mL裂解混合液(cleavage cocktail)(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5)加入到10mL的反应容器中,在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应溶液,加入45mL乙醚,有产物析出。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。得到的固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mm X 22mm),冻干得到化合物1(181mg,77%收率,LC-mass测得的分子量为506.5)。
实施例2化合物2的合成
化合物1d(460mg,1eq.)及5mL溶解有乙酸酐(200uL,8eq.)和DIPEA(200uL,8eq.)的DMF加入到10mL反应容器中,室温下反应30min。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用5mL的DCM,MeOH和DCM洗涤。真空干燥后,加入5mL裂解混合液(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5),在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应溶液,加入45mL乙醚析出产物。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。所得固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mmX 22mm),冻干得到80mg的化合物2(LC-mass测得的分子量为548.54),收率为66%。
实施例3化合物3的合成
化合物1d(460mg,1eq.),和5mL溶有丁酸酐(200ul,8eq.)及DIPEA(200ul,8eq.)的DMF溶液加入到10mL反应容器中,室温下反应1h,过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用5mL的DCM,MeOH,DCM洗涤。真空干燥后,加入5mL裂解混合液(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5),在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应溶液,加入45mL乙醚,有产物析出。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。所得固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mmX 22mm),冻干得到化合物3(75mg,68%收率,LC-mass测得的分子量为567.59)。
实施例4化合物4的合成
化合物1d(460mg,1eq.),和5mL溶有己酸(186ul,8eq.),DIC(248ul,8eq.)及HOBt(216mg,8eq.)的DMF溶液加入到10mL反应容器中,室温下反应2h,过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用5mL的DCM,MeOH和DCM洗涤。真空干燥后,加入5mL裂解混合液(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5),在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应液,加入45mL乙醚,有产物析出。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。所得固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mm X 22mm),冻干得到化合物4(77mg,64%收率,LC-mass测得的分子量为604.65)。
实施例5化合物5的合成
化合物1d(460mg,1eq.),和5mL溶有辛酸(230ul,8eq.),DIC(248ul,8eq.)及HOBt(216mg,8eq.)的DMF溶液加入到10mL反应容器中,室温下反应2h。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用5mL的DCM,MeOH和DCM洗涤。真空干燥后,加入5mL裂解混合液(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5),在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应溶液,加入45mL乙醚,有产物析出。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。所得固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mm X 22mm),冻干得到化合物5(62mg,56%收率,LC-mass测得的分子量为632.7)。
实施例6化合物6的合成
化合物1d(460mg,1eq.),和5mL溶有癸酸(275ul,8eq.),DIC(248ul,8eq.)及HOBt(216mg,8eq.)的DMF溶液加入到10mL反应容器中,室温下反应2h,过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用5mL的DCM,MeOH和DCM洗涤。真空干燥后,加入5mL裂解混合液(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5),在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应溶液,加入45mL乙醚,有产物析出。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。所得固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mm X 22mm),冻干得到化合物6(79mg,66%收率,LC-mass测得的分子量为660.36)。
实施例7化合物7的合成
化合物1d(460mg,1eq.),和5mL溶有十二碳酸(320ul,8eq.),DIC(248ul,8eq.)及HOBt(216mg,8eq.)的DMF溶液加入到10mL反应容器中,室温下反应2h。过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用5mL的DCM,MeOH和DCM洗涤。真空干燥后,加入5mL裂解混合液(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5),在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应溶液,加入45mL乙醚,有产物析出。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。所得固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mm X 22mm),冻干得到化合物7(72mg,62%收率,LC-mass测得的分子量为688.81)。
实施例8化合物8的合成
化合物1d(460mg,1eq.),和5mL溶有棕榈酸(308mg,8eq.),DIC(248ul,8eq.)及HOBt(216mg,8eq.)的DMF溶液加入到10mL反应容器中,室温下反应3h,过滤除去反应溶液,合成的树脂依次用5mL的DCM,MeOH和DCM洗涤。真空干燥后,加入5mL裂解混合液(三氟乙酸:三异丙基硅烷:蒸馏水=95:2.5:2.5),在室温下反应3h。过滤得到反应溶液,加入45mL乙醚,有产物析出。离心机离心收集固体产物,并用45mL乙醚洗涤两次。所得固体用制备HPLC纯化(C18柱,10um,250mm X 22mm),冻干得到化合物8(80mg,70%收率,LC-mass测得的分子量为744.93)。
实施例9本发明化合物8增加自噬激活
为了分析本发明化合物8增加的细胞内自噬激活,用蛋白质印迹法分析LC3(轻链3)蛋白。
具体的实验方法:将人表皮角质形成细胞HaCaT以3×105个细胞的密度接种在6孔板上,用DMEM(Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Media,Gibco BRL)培养,并在37℃,5%CO2的培养箱中培养24小时。将本发明的化合物8溶解在DMSO中配成10mM浓度的浓缩物,并用培养基稀释至20μM浓度。然后,在每个孔中首先加入1mL培养基的状态下,再向其中加入1mL的各稀释溶液进行处理,培养一定时间,培养完成后,除去培养基,然后用SDS样品缓冲液破碎细胞,用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分离每种蛋白质,并转移到PVDF(聚偏二氟乙烯)膜上。随后,使用阻断缓冲液消除非特异性结合,LC3蛋白的抗体和HRP结合的第二抗体(抗兔IgG HRP(sigma))进行反应,然后使用ECL prime试剂盒(Amersham Pharmacia)进行增强化学发光(ECL)反应,再进行ChemiDoc分析。
如图1所示的结果表明本发明的化合物8增加LC3-II(微管相关蛋白1A/1B-轻链3)的生成。
实施例10本发明的化合物8调节自噬激活蛋白
为了分析哪种基因的表达与本发明的化合物8增加的自噬激活有关,对与自噬激活密切相关的Beclin-1和ULK-1(丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶-1)蛋白进行蛋白质印迹法分析。
具体的实验方法,将人源角质形成细胞HaCaT以3×105个细胞的密度接种在培养皿上,用DMEM(Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Media,Gibco BRL)培养,并在37℃和5%CO2的培养箱中培养24小时。将本发明的化合物8溶解在DMSO中配制成10mM浓度的浓缩物,并用培养基稀释至20μM。然后,在每个孔中首先加入1mL培养基的情况下,再向其中加入1mL各稀释溶液进行处理,培养一定时间,培养完成后,除去培养基,然后用SDS样品缓冲液破碎细胞,用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分离每种蛋白质,并转移到PVDF膜上。随后,使用阻断缓冲液消除非特异性结合,Beclin-1和Ulk-1蛋白的抗体与HRP结合的二抗(抗兔IgG HRP(sigma))进行反应,然后使用ECL prime试剂盒(Amersham Pharmacia)进行增强化学发光(ECL)反应,再进行ChemiDoc分析。
结果如图1所示,图1中可以看出,在用本发明化合物8处理的情况下,与自噬激活高度相关的基因的Beclin-1和ULK-1蛋白的表达显着增加。
实施例11本发明的化合物8缓解牛皮癣
用本发明化合物8处理HaCaT细胞,从cDNA阵列结果中筛选出牛皮癣相关基因。为了分析化合物8是否对牛皮癣缓解有影响,对与牛皮癣密切相关的IL-36η(白细胞介素36γ),KLK7(激肽释放酶相关肽酶7),OASL(2'-5'-寡聚腺苷酸合成酶样)和ALOX12B(花生四烯酸12-脂氧合酶,12R型)进行RT-PCR分析。此外,通过蛋白质印迹法分析证实了牛皮癣相关的增殖,分化标志物KRT16(角蛋白16),KRT6(角蛋白6)和KRT1(角蛋白1)。具体的实验方法,将人源性表皮角质形成细胞HEKa(人表皮角质形成细胞,成人)以1×105个细胞的密度接种在24孔板上,用EpiLife培养基(1x人角质形成细胞生长补充剂,1X抗生素)培养,在37℃和5%CO2的培养箱中培养24小时。将本发明的化合物8溶解于DMSO中配成10mM浓度的浓缩物,再溶解到培养基中配成20μM浓度,然后向24孔板加入1mL各稀释溶液进行处理,然后培养一段时间,培养完成后,用Trizol(Life Science)破碎细胞,用氯仿/异丙醇收集全部的mRNA,然后用逆转录酶合成cDNA,用每个基因的特异性引物进行PCR。用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析PCR产物,结果如图2所示。
如图2和图3所示,证实了用本发明的化合物8处理时,与牛皮癣高度相关的IL-36G(白细胞介素36γ),KLK7(激肽释放酶相关肽酶7),OASL(2'-5'-寡聚腺苷酸合成酶样)和ALOX12B(花生四烯酸12-脂氧合酶,12R型)基因的表达水平显著减少。此外,(化合物8处理IL-17A(白细胞介素-17A)/TNFα(肿瘤坏死因子α)-或IL-17A/IFNγ(干扰素γ)诱导的炎性,证实了与牛皮癣有关的转录因子Tbet(T-box转录因子),STAT3(信号转导和转录激活因子3)和Foxp3(叉头盒P3)的表达水平降低。在图4中,化合物8处理后,证实了增殖标记物KRT6(角蛋白6)和角蛋白16(角蛋白16)减少,分化标记物KRT1(角蛋白1)增加。
实施例12本发明的化合物8对抗特应性和牛皮癣缓解的作用
为了分析化合物8是否具有特应性缓解作用,对特应性炎症和牛皮癣非常密切相关的IL-6(白细胞介素6)和IL-8(白细胞介素8)进行ELISA(酶联免疫吸附测定)。
具体的实验方法,将人源性表皮角质形成细胞HEKa(人表皮角质形成细胞,成人)以1×105个细胞的密度接种在24孔板上,用EpiLife培养基(1x人角质形成细胞生长补充剂,1X抗生素)培养,在37℃和5%CO2的培养箱中培养24小时。
培养后,每个孔中用TNF-α(肿瘤坏死因子-α)/IFN-γ(干扰素-γ)或IL-17A(白细胞介素-17A)/IL-22(白细胞介素-22)处理诱导炎症,然后用10μM浓度的本发明化合物8进行进一步处理,然后将细胞培养一段时间。培养结束后,收集培养基,然后对IL-6和IL-8进行ELISA。如图5至7所示,本发明的化合物8显着降低了IL-6和IL-8的分泌。
如图8所示,证实在用本发明的化合物8处理的情况下,IL-24(白细胞介素-24),IL-20(白细胞介素-20)和CXCL2(趋化因子(CXC基序)配体2)的表达水平在TNFα/IFN-γ诱导的炎性病症中减少。如图9所示,证实了化合物8降低了IL-18(白细胞介素-8),IL-36γ(白细胞介素36γ)和CCL20(趋化因子(CC基序)配体20)在IL-17A/TNF-α中的表达水平。
因此,本发明化学式1的诱导自噬激活的化合物可以非常有效地用于缓解,治疗和预防特应性皮炎和牛皮癣。
实施例13和对比实施例1本发明化合物8对抗特应性和牛皮癣缓解作用
与特应性炎症和牛皮癣密切相关的IL-1β(白细胞介素-1β)进行ELISA(酶联免疫吸附测定)。
具体的实验方法,将人源性表皮角质形成细胞HEKa(人表皮角质形成细胞,成人)以1×105个细胞的密度接种在24孔板上,用EpiLife培养基(1x人角质形成细胞生长补充剂,1X抗生素)培养,在37℃和5%CO2的培养箱中培养24小时。
培养后,在各孔中用LPS(脂多糖)处理诱导炎症,同时用本发明的化合物8和下述对比例化合物以10μM的浓度进行进一步处理,然后将细胞培养一段时间。培养完成后,收集培养基,然后对IL-1β进行ELISA,结果如图10所示。
对比例化合物
如图10所示,本发明的诱导自噬激活的化合物8显著降低了细胞因子IL-1β的分泌水平,而用对比例化合物处理的情况下,细胞因子IL-1β的降低可忽略不计。
实施例14和对比实施例2包含本发明化合物8的化妆品组合物
制备包含本发明实施例8中制备的化合物8的化妆品组合物,其组分和含量列于表1中。
将本发明的化合物8,羧乙烯基聚合物,丁二醇和甘油在纯水中混合搅拌,同时加热至80℃,并加入到乳化反应器中,并加入除三乙醇胺以外的所有组分并加热至80℃乳化。此后,当乳化完成时,用搅拌器进行搅拌并冷却至室温,从而制备得到化妆品组合物。
表1
为了证实制备得到的实施例14和对比实施例2的化妆品组合物在特应性皮炎和牛皮癣上的缓解作用,向20名患有特应性和牛皮癣症状(瘙痒,糜烂或严重干燥)的10至60岁受试者提供本发明的实施例14和对比实施例2的化妆品组合物,将组合物用于表现出特应性和牛皮癣症状的部位,每天两次,持续12周。治疗12周后,通过调查研究特应性和牛皮癣症状的改善程度。该调查是针对代表性特应性或牛皮癣皮炎症状的改善程度,例如“瘙痒”,“干燥”,“角质化”,“头皮屑”,“红斑”,“肿胀”,“皮肤裂纹”和“流浓和湿疹”。在出现症状的情况下,受试者评估每种症状的改善程度,然后对程度进行平均,对每个受试者的特应性或牛皮癣皮炎的改善程度进行评估,然后将这些程度进行平均,再评价每个受试者总体的特应性或牛皮癣皮炎改善程度,每种程度改善的受试者数量见表2。
表2
如表2所示,使用包含本发明的自噬激活诱导化合物的化妆品组合物显著改善特应性和牛皮癣症状。
在下文中,为了证实本发明化合物8在牛皮癣治疗中有效,建立了牛皮癣动物模型进行实验,实验方法如下:
牛皮癣动物模型的建立方法
为了证实本发明化合物8在牛皮癣治疗上的效果,使用脱毛膏(Veet,Oxy ReckittBenckiser,Cedex,France)除去8周龄的BALB/c小鼠(雌性)的背毛,然后将5%咪喹莫特乳膏(3M Pharmaceuticals,UK;62.5mg)于早晨和下午涂在小鼠的背部和两只耳朵上(致敏化;第0天)。然后,2天的屏障恢复期后,重复涂抹5%咪喹莫特乳膏(62.5mg/天)7天(诱导阶段;第2-8天),诱导形成牛皮癣动物模型。
本发明化合物8在牛皮癣动物模型背部的治疗方法
在诱导建立牛皮癣动物模型后,每天早晨,将溶于乙醇的本发明化合物8(0.5%)和含有本发明化合物8的乳膏(除含有0.5%重量的本发明化合物8外,与实施例14的化妆品组合物相同的组合物)用在模型背部,持续5天(治疗阶段;第8-12天)。用不含本发明化合物8的乳膏(对比实施例2的化妆品组合物)和乙醇处理未处理的对照组和疾病对照组(空白对照),并且在处理期间,隔天将5%咪喹莫特乳膏涂于模型上,从而维持牛皮癣。在第12天的下午按图11所示方法进行动物屠宰。
本发明化合物8在牛皮癣动物模型的耳朵上的治疗方法
如上所述,在致敏后第8天用本发明化合物8处理小鼠耳朵并持续6天。对照组的左耳不做处理,右耳用不含咪喹莫特和乙醇的乳膏处理。实验组的左耳仅用咪喹莫特和乙醇处理,而实验组的右耳用本发明的化合物8或化合物8乳膏与咪喹莫特一起处理,该方法具体见图12。
表皮水分流失(TEWL)测试
在屠宰实验动物(第0,8,11和14天)之前,将动物放置在恒温/恒定湿度的地方30分钟,然后用角膜测量仪的探针与背部的左侧和右侧上的皮肤表面紧密接触,并轻轻地按压在其上,记录出现的数值。
动物耳厚度的测量
当屠宰动物时,使用数字卡尺(Digital caliper,Marathon Inc.Belleville,ON,Canada)测量两只耳朵中央部分的厚度。
苏木精和伊红(H&E)染色
将实验动物的背部组织(2cm×2cm)在4%多聚甲醛中固定1天,然后用石蜡包埋。嵌入后,使用切片机(Leica RM 2235,Leica Biosystems Inc.Buffalo Grove,IL,USA)将组织切成5μm的厚度,广谱H&E(苏木精和伊红)染色(Jonathan M.S.et al.,J.Clin.Invest.101,1614-1622,1998)。然后,使用显微镜拍摄每个组织的三个随机部分的照片。
实施例15本发明化合物8治疗对牛皮癣的临床和组织学发现的影响
在由5%咪喹莫特乳膏诱导的牛皮癣动物组(空白对照)中证实了牛皮癣的临床变化(图13和14)和组织学变化(图15),如皮肤损伤,例如红斑和角质层厚度增加。如图13所示,当用溶解在乙醇中的本发明化合物8和含有0.5%本发明化合物8的乳膏进行处理6天,由咪喹莫特增加的红斑显著减少。特别是,如图14所示,和用化合物8治疗14天后的红斑比较,降低水平非常显着。如图15所示,用H&E染色观察到的组织变化的比较结果可知使用化合物8和含有化合物8的乳膏的实验组的角质层厚度显著降低。另外,如图16所示,观察用本发明化合物8处理后的重量变化,发现与对照组的数值几乎相似。
因此可知本发明的化合物8在牛皮癣治疗中非常有效。因此,本发明的化合物8可以用作治疗牛皮癣的外用制剂。
实施例16本发明化合物8在表皮水分流失(TEWL)的影响
如图17所示,已经证实将溶解在乙醇中的本发明化合物8和含有0.5%本发明化合物8的乳膏使用5天可以显著降低通过用5%咪喹莫特处理显著增加的TEWL值。如图17所示,本发明的化合物8可有效增强牛皮癣皮肤的保湿作用。
实施例17本发明的化合物8减小耳朵的厚度
在未处理的对照组中,未观察到未处理的左耳和用不含咪喹莫特的乳膏,和乙醇处理右耳之间的厚度差异。然而,如图18所示,与用5%咪喹莫特和乙醇处理的左耳相比,溶解在乙醇中本发明化合物8和含有0.5%本发明化合物8的乳膏的右耳的厚度显著减少。如图18所示,本发明的化合物8可有效治疗包括牛皮癣在内的炎性皮肤病,如同TEWL中结果。
Claims (7)
4.如权利要求3所述的药物组合物,其中所述的神经退行性疾病为阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病或帕金森病。
5.如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其中其以片剂、丸剂、胶囊、颗粒、粉剂、液体剂、贴剂、包衣剂或注射剂的形式使用。
7.如权利要求6所述的化妆品组合物,其中其为悬浮液、乳液、膏、凝胶、霜、粉末、皂、含表面活性剂的清洁剂、油、乳液粉底、蜡粉底或喷雾剂型。
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