CN109392639A - A kind of implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng and its application - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng and its application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng.Its main points is that milpa selects to be suitable for the soil (500-1100 meters of height above sea level) of Ginseng Growth in Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region；Followed by solve the problems, such as ginseng seeds and planting.The seed of selection 15 years or more Ginseng under Forest, coating is made in ginseng seeds and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria under adopting, and after sowing in autumn, growth period 2-3 carries out artificial cultivation domestication, applies ionic silicates granulated fertilizer before sowing in autumn in the forest land chosen；Then 2-3 seedling is dissipated and is planted in the hayashishita plot chosen.Protection against rodents prevents and treats pest and disease damage work mainly based on tool far from raticide, is polluted with exempt from customs examination ginseng.The time for playing ginseng is annual mid-August, and ginseng age is 5 years.The cultural method can obtain no pesticide, the High-quality Cultivation ginseng that a kind of people far from chemical fertilizer trust.
Description
Technical field
This technology is related to a kind of implantation methods of ginseng, belongs to agriculture field, the plantation side of specifically a kind of cultivation under woods ginseng
Method.
Background technique
Ginseng is the dry root and rhizome of Araliaceae ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.) after steaming.It
As a kind of Chinese traditional herbs of China, it is recorded in medicine ancient books and records Shennong's Herbal.Ginseng is in China, Japan, South Korea
It is widely used with other Asian countries.Ginseng is sweet in flavor, slight bitter, warm-natured, returns spleen, lung, the heart, kidney channel, has and reinforces vital energy, multiple
It the effect of arteries and veins prevent prolapse, nourishing qi to stop, to be taken off for physically weak, cold weak pulse of limb is Qi dysfunction in blood control, metrostaxis[1].Containing more in ginseng
Kind chemical component, such as saponin(e, volatile oil, amino acid, protein, vitamin, polysaccharide, microelement[2].Red ginseng has enhancing
Immunity, decompression, antifatigue, anticancer isoreactivity[3-7]。
Ginseng is herbaceous plant.The mountainous region hayashishita that Ginseng Growth is 1000 millimeters in annual rainfall in suitable growth, for yin
Raw or half shade plant, required hidden degree is liked up to 70%~90% rich in humus, well-drained soil, generally gloomy in brown
It is grown in woods soil or mountain podzolic brown forest soil, mainly under mixed coniferous broad leaved forest.
Stem is upright, cylindrical, Glabrous, purple or green.Leaf is born in stem end by l-6 piece wheel, and blade face green is unglazed
Pool, the white green of blade back is glossy, and there is thin sharp sawtooth at edge.Basidixed dissipates shape inflorescence, pistac.Fruit is berry shape drupel,
Kidney-shaped, cerise when mature.The big meat of root fertilizer, spindle have root knot line, lower end bifurcated, and upper end is disk nodular subterranean stem.
Ginseng has following several cultural methods: the cultivation technique of 1 underwood planting ginseng at present;2 level land cultivated ginseng skills
Art；3 deforestation cultivated ginseng technologies.
Underwood planting ginseng is exactly the ecological environment for simulating wild ginseng, by ginseng seeds or planting plantation in hayashishita, in people
Slightly to manage and protect down, grow 13 years naturally or more, form the Root Morphology of the wild ginseng of underwood planting and its inherent quality and open country
The green crude drugs that wild ginseng compares favourably.Its cultivation step is summarized as follows:
One) selection of land: the wealthy mixed friendship Natural Secondary Forests of broad-leaf forest or needle of the Vegetation condition based on toothed oak, linden, color tree etc.；Slope aspect and slope
Preferably southeast slope, north slope, Northwest Slope, 10-25 ° of the gradient is advisable degree.Soil is with dark brown earth soil, humus content >=3.5%, soil
The fertile soil of earth PH5.5-6.5 is preferable；
Two) site preparation: generally can site preparation before the sowing of early October late September-.It is overstocked in 0.8 or so intermediate cutting according to canopy density
The woods and undershrub, by hayashishita weeds and influence 1 meter of bushes below of illumination all cut off, by physical relief determine plant join
Region, hugging one every 30-50m, ditch, plantation interband retain the isolation strip 30-50cm, vegetation reservation downstream.
Three) be broadcast live: variety selection, the full seed of annual production in selection have normal color, the long neck or two without infected seed
Gingival cyst of mucous gland in the newborn kind；Seed treatment: harvesting after the fruit maturation at the beginning of 7 the end of month Augusts, and stranding is removed pulp and washed in a pan only with clear water, and drift removes empty grain, fishing
It is placed at shady and cool ventilation or is dried under dim light out, seed moisture content is made then to carry out vernalization processing not less than 14%..Date of seeding, is general
Sowing in spring, the first tenday period of a month May late April are carried out, and generally broadcast vernalization seed.Sowing branch is broadcast, bunch planting and drilling.
Four) transplant: choosing is planted and should be selected based on long neck seedling, and weight is 1g or more, and neck is grown in 2cm or more, or choosing harvest quotient
Two gingival cyst of mucous gland in the newborn garden ginsent when product, it is desirable that the bodily form is natural, relatively slightly long, the disease-free ginseng of rhizome is as planting；Plant
It ditches in planting-site Hengshan Mountain, stands and plant, branch is put naturally, spacing in the rows 3-4cm, line-spacing 25-30cm, thickness of earth-fill cover 5-6cm,
And cover green grass and leaf.
Five) manage: illumination after Ginseng under Forest is grown 5 years, needs enough illumination, closing of standing-crop degree should be adjusted in time, annual
Summer, two season of autumn notice that woodland is observed, and the excessive place of discovery canopy density need to clear up tree crown in winter, adjust canopy density in 0.6-
0.7.Nip off the flowers, in 5 months, last ten-days period ginseng do not bloom before by bud pinch fall.General Ginseng under Forest is not collected seed, and can stay one after 7 years
Secondary kind；Weeding, in after planting one, two year, since seedling is small, spring should be sliced off the weeds for being more than ginseng plant height with knife；Draining, rain
Season should be noted that field examination, prevent erosion.Before early spring thaws and rainy season, when joining that moisture is excessive under seedling, can hug out near
Fallen leaves promote moisture loss；Envelope woods measure is taken to Ginseng under Forest after planting, people, animal is forbidden to endanger.
Six) disease pest rat plague control: to ensure that Ginseng under Forest growing environment and quality close to wild ginseng, are not gone and buy Chinese medicine under normal circumstances
Prevention and treatment, disease when scab occur in ground plant, the leaf for removing spot are pinched with hand, prevents it from continuing to spread.When discovery black spot,
It when the roots diseased plants such as rust corruption, root rot, should excavate in time, and after the powder disinfection that limes, fill pollution-free new soil；Insect pest, acupuncture needle
Root is joined in the stem on the closely native surface of the pest damages such as worm and grub and underground, except capture when combining site preparation and loosening the soil, also can be used trapping,
The methods such as poison bait are catched and killed；The plague of rats, Ginseng under Forest are subject to the harm of Siberian chipmunk, zokor (blind mouse), mountain mouse, are that Ginseng under Forest production can not
The important prevention and treatment link ignored.Easily occurs for Siberian chipmunk in early spring and seed maturity period the phase；Zokor You Sheng after entire growth period, rain；
Mountain mouse is after spring rain, before autumn enters the winter.Prevention and treatment should take cage, net to capture Siberian chipmunk, then free remote in plague of rats suffering season
From ginseng ground region, to other muroids, except the instruments such as embedded arrow, folder, cage, pressing plate are catched and killed.
Seven) it harvesting, when growth year is 13 years or more, can reach harvesting standard, collecting time is to join Ye Bianhuang in autumn,
More hibernaculum carries out before growing up.(Han Zhaosheng, Xu Linxia, hayashishita ginseng planting technology Han Zhaosheng, agricultural and technology, 2003,
4th phase, 121-121 pages)
Level land plants ginseng
One) selection of land
Close to water source, traffic convenience, the topography slightly gradient (5~15 degree), the plot easily drained is advisable for selection.Generally windward,
Low-lying easy flooded chaor, the higher ground of level of ground water should not be selected；Soil selection soil aperture is larger, bulk density is small, and draining is preferable
Loam, oil-sand soil, yellow soil, the pH value 5~6 of soil, i.e., neutral and subacidity soil is preferably.Particularly viscous heavy, draining is not
Good soil property should not be selected；Preceding stubble preceding crop is generally preferably corn and soybean.
Two) site preparation
It after choosing ground, to accomplish idle 2 years, with culture fertility, degradation toxic component.Period answers multiple rotary tillage to loosen the soil weed eradication；
Sowing current year, March or October the float stone in net selected plot is hugged, 2~3kg/m2 decomposed good muck or green manure is uniform
It is sprinkling upon ground, turns over a time 20~25cm of depth of rake with rotary cultivator, while net 1 is killed with 50% carbendazim, 3~6 g/m2 or soil bacterium~
1.5g/m2 carries out soil disinfection；After soil progress carbendazim or ground bacterium kill decontamination 15 days or so, after applying microbial bacterial agent,
Rake is turned over second time with rotary cultivator, and depth is 20~30cm；After fertilising is completed 25 days or so, rake third time is turned over rotary cultivator.
Three) it chooses seeds
Garden ginsent kind substandard: first-class seed, mass of 1000 kernel are not less than 25g(dry seeds), plumpness is not less than 95%, and germination percentage is not low
In 90%, purity, cleanliness are not less than 95%, and dry seeds water content is no more than in 14%, and color it is yellowish-white, without corrupt smell, disease-free
Grain, without particle.Breach kind substandard: breach rate is 90% or more.Seedling quality: habit does seedling with 2 Nian Shengmiao, as seedling is answered
Color is normal, and slurry foot, body is long, disease-free, luxuriant is healthy.Level-one Miao Dan branch focuses on 7g or more, and second level Miao Dan branch focuses on 5g or more,
Three-level Miao Dan branch focuses on 3g or more.
Four) it sows
The spring sowing time can be sowed at 2 DEG C of 5cm ground temperature；Autumn sowing: it when freeze-up preceding 5cm ground temperature is down to 5 DEG C, can sow.Sowing
Method can bunch planting and drilling, 5 × 5cm of bunch planting density.Thickness of earth covering is 4~5cm, and earthing must be sieved, and then covers flat, covers rice
Grass is using not open country as standard.
Five) transplantation of seedlings is planted
To produce nuisanceless ginseng, the seedling of farmland seed ginseng must be also non-harmful.When autumn transplants 10 days before freezing
Interior operation terminates.10cm ground temperature can operation at 5 DEG C or more when spring planting.It points out, the digging of spring planting seedling is had to
It is synchronous with transplanting to carry out.It is required that the cauline leaf sprout in seedling bract is not allowed to be developed to breakthrough bract.
Six) it is managed after transplanting
Covering time front and back the Ching Ming Festival be April 5 is removed, being subject to bed surface, the accumulated snow melted away.It broadcasts seed bed and removes all coverings
Object, transplanting bed remove plastics, put even straw, promote to accumulate in the moisture evaporation in bed, to prevent the excessive leaching Bad bud bud of moisture.It beats
It is killed before medicine diseases prevention spring germination or transplanted seedling emergence with 0.5~0.8g/m2 soil bacterium and carries out bed surface disinfection only.No matter seedling
Or transplanted seedling will wait flattening leaf after spray the 1st medicine, with 2000 times of ambam of 45%, 80% 800 times of zineb liquid mixed liquor into
Row is spraying.After 2 weeks, continue with above-mentioned chemicals treatment 1 time, and its situation of backsight is every 2 weeks or longer a period of time, more than 50%
Bacterium spirit 1000 times, 1500 times of 45% ambam, 800 times of 80% zineb, 3 kinds of liquid medicine mixed liquor spraying treatment, annual medication is generally not
More than 5 times.
Appropriate progress Illumination adjusting and moisture regulation take precautions against drought and drain flooded fields；Late autumn is managed before entering the winter, after plant is withered, cleaning
The residual branch dead leaf in field and weeds transport over-the-counter burning or buried, to reduce pest and disease damage and convenient cold-proof object.It cleans out a drain,
Snow-broth, which is obstructed to overflow, when spring snow being avoided to melt goes up bed surface.Management bed surface before early spring weeding is spraying with 50% 500 times of liquid of carbendazim
Carry out bed surface disinfection.It breaks in the seed coat when the young shoot of seed bed is prominent, it is with wooden rake that bed surface is native when remaining young shoot stretching luxuriant is more than half
3~5cm is hugged out, harrows thin leveling, while adjusting the depth degree of earthing.
Growing season management nursery field does not have to generally loosen the soil.It loosens the soil and is carried out together in combination with weeding, loosen the soil and want first time subsoiling
(3~4cm of seedling field transplants 4~5cm), then gradually puts shallowly, and between annual furrow, furrow are helped, work road cannot have weeds (2014-06-
09 source 11:24: Chinese agriculture Information Network).
The third deforestation plants ginseng since forest conservation of nature has been forbidden to use.
A kind of cultivation under woods ginseng that the present invention recommends, can obtain no pesticide, what a kind of people far from chemical fertilizer trusted
High-quality ginseng.Cultivation under woods people participates in that hayashishita method for planting ginseng is roughly the same, and only Ginseng under Forest generally requires growth 13 years or more
It is equivalent to wild ginseng for a long time, and does not need generally to manage and protect, as long as but the general 4-5 of cultivation under woods ginseng, people is cultivated with level land
It is suitable to join growth year.Since it needs growth more faster than Ginseng under Forest, each of Ginseng Growth needs is provided by fertile soil completely
Kind of composition is far from satisfying, thus we add in phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and silicate fertilizer.Its advantage is as described below.Changbai Mountain woods
Area is suitable for the soil of Ginseng Growth mostly at 500-1100 meters of height above sea level.
Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region is typically chosen in suitable for the soil of Ginseng Growth mostly at 500-1100 meters of height above sea level.Selected plot
Afterwards, the problem of being to solve ginseng seeds and planting first.We take the method for concentrating nursery, establish seedling base.
In nursery base coating is made, sowing is same in ginseng seeds and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria by the seed sowing of 10 years or more Ginseng under Forest with selecting seedling
When growth period 2-3, carry out cultivation domestication, before sowing in autumn in the forest land chosen apply ionic silicates granular fertilizer；Then
2-3 seedling is dissipated and is planted in the plot chosen.Take building ditch hydroponics: 15-20 centimetres of ditch depth, spacing in the rows is 3-5 centimetres, and line-spacing is
It 20 centimetres, meets tree and hides tree, when cultivation does not touch tree root, and trunk is not touched in weeding, plants ginseng far from setting greatly.Guarantee that tree crown is vigorous, plants in this way
It is not gone to pot with certain waterproof ability.Management: it as the saying goes that three points of kinds seven are in charge of.First have to do manpower weeding 2 times well be
Preferably, grass roots is kept, vegetation is kept for main Weeding tool with scissors, and achieve the purpose that grass does not take advantage of seedling, and to natural calamity
Evil, which also enhances, resists pre- ability.Bud is pinched when long to 5-6 centimetres of ginseng flower bud, guarantees the growth matter of ginseng
Amount.It is exactly protection against rodents prevention and treatment pest and disease damage work there are also more importantly one work.Mouse is the natural enemy of ginseng, even if not eating ginseng
Joining hole ginseng is stamped also in ground can not survive.So to reinforce mouse killing working.Mainly far from raticide based on tool, with exempt from customs examination
Ginseng pollutes.It to find that pest and disease damage is accomplished to prevent and treat in time often regularly to every ginseng inspection, guarantee ginseng
The growth of normal health.In the growth medium of ginseng, representative ginseng is selected to carry out underground part in different direction
It checks, note abnormalities timely analysis processing, in order to avoid cause heavy losses.The above work is all carried out while to be done as around ginseng ground
Imitative shield, is trampleed on fat people and animals and causes the unnecessary underproduction.
The harvest time of ginseng: having to see the time limit of planting, planting be it is biennial, from counting 3 years in planting to ground
Ginseng.Planting is triennial from planting counting two Nian Qican in ground.Headquarters of the General Staff age is 5 years.The time for playing ginseng is in annual August
Ten days.
In Changbai Mountain Ginseng Growth area, the content of total Phosphorus In Soil is very abundant, reaches 1300mg/kg, but available have
Effect phosphorus only has 8.063mg/kg(Du Lingyan, the Primary Study of Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrient under the Different Forest Types of Changbaishan area,
Northeast Normal University master opinion, 2009), it is far from satisfying the demand of Ginseng Growth.So addition phosphorus is very necessary.But
If phosphatization fertilizer is used continuously, being largely not easy the phosphorus absorbed can be detained in the soil, and excessive phosphorus does not simply fail to solve in soil
Certainly nutritional deficiency problem, and actually may be and causing blade sallow and to injure the beneficial microbe of life in the soil
Thing is set to become even worse.The phosphorus of high-content can slow down the growth of plant by preventing the absorption of iron and zinc in soil.Phosphate fertilizer
A possibility that another major defect is water pollution is very high.The phosphorus for entering soil by phosphate fertilizer and combining closely with soil particle
It is less likely to remove from soil.But if excessive phosphate fertilizer is used for soil, excessive phosphorus be easy to through stormwater channel and
Pipeline enters water system.Grass cuttings and leaf from plant are grown in the soil, and phosphorus content is excessively high, and phosphorus can be discharged into water,
Lead to algae and bacterium breaks out and water pollution problems.
So necessary using phosphorus bacteria fertilizer or fungi.It was reported that isolated from the southern soil of Alberta province
Fungi is found to have more reactive phosphate solubilizer than bacterium isolate.For the phosphate and Idaho rock phosphate newly precipitated
This ability is had been found that.Ability and the ability of the dissolving phosphoric acid rock salt height for dissolving the calcium phosphate of precipitating are significant related
(1983. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and fungi in various of Kucev, R. M. N.
Cultivated and virgin Alberta soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 63:671-678).Present invention application
Penicillium notatum (Penicilillium flavonim) Z08 bacterial manure (one plant of new Penicillium notatum and its metabolite pacify his quasi- acid A,
107488594A..) significantly improve the yield of ginseng.Stranger joins yield 1.10kg/m2 within 4 years, with 0.99 kg/ of control group
M2 compares volume increase 10%.
Early stage studies have shown that Si can pass through on blade face deposit keratin-double-layer structure or reduce plant transpiration
Loss is to improve efficiency of water application (Guntzer, F, etal, Benefits of plant silicon for crops:a
Review, Agron, sustain, 2012:32,201-213)
Silicate ion fertilizer can mean the stem for having more powerful with firm plant cell wall, strong cell, so as to
Entire plant body absorption and convey more moisture, nutrients and plant secretion object can promote plant quickly grow with it is stronger
It is strong, increase the resistance to environmental pressure.It relies the immune system kept fit since plant lacks animal, silicon facilitates
Many identical functions are played, supper vitamin is considered and there is Immunotherapy effect to plant.
Potassium silicate is a kind of natural bactericidal agent, it helps to make plant from insect, the invasion of fungi.It is heavy that potassium silicate passes through
Itself epidermal cell wall of product helps plant growth, and enhancing plant keeps ability of the leaf to light source.It also adds the intensity of bar,
It makes it easier to keep more weight.Since plant facilitates balance nutrient absorption and distribution using potassium silicate, and increase leaf
The concentration of piece Determination of Chlorophyll and carboxydismutase (RUBP carboxylase).
Potassium silicate is immersed in cuticular cellulose, and as powdery mildew is prevented, stain, corruption is mould to invade with fungi caused by phytophthora
The barrier and more fertilizer issues attacked.Silicate can also increase the mechanical strength of plant, to help it in thermal extremes
With cold fluctuation, the salt accumulated in soil or increase total dissolved solidss (TDS) in water, and controls the transpiration rate of plant.
Potassium silicate is in the production by polyphenolic substance come to positive effect is played in antifungal growth, this is that plant is supported
The major part of the natural protection of imperial fungi and attack of insect.
The potassium silicate that leaves of plants system will quickly combine in tissue and cell wall in intake in 24 hours.Therefore, continuous to add
The supply of strength silicate is extremely important.When plant absorption silicate, since it will be growing earlier, and works into new
Growth, to help to establish the mechanical strength of plant.
When spraying silicate ion solution to leaf, it will be helpful to reduce the speed of seizure of disease, and facilitate
The leaf for protecting plant new is from spider mite, the infringement of aphid and many other suctorial type insects.Make disease and phytopathogen
It is more difficult to enter plant.
It has been proved that anti-blight ability can be improved in silicate, anti-water stress ability can be helped to anti-heat stress
Excessively.If plant has an excessive transpiration, plant will stop its metabolic function, depauperation or stop growing.It is also
The breeding potential (bud growth) of plant can be improved.Increase the tolerance to zinc deficiency, excessive phosphorus, manganese, the toxicity of sodium and aluminium.
Potassium silicate can reduce expenses, this is not the sale publicity an of industry, sometimes want to believe that one kind can solve
Magic medicine certainly of all the problems, potassium silicate may just meet this description.Potassium silicate is the fitness supplements of plant, plant can be made to become
Must be bigger, it is strongr, more there is diseases and insect pests resistance and the thing of more energy can be generated.
When plant growth is in the case where no silicon, they will face structural weak risk.They may be easier
Attack by fungal pathogens and pest, it is also possible to be easier the injury of any toxic metals gathered by root zone.
Plant can only absorb silicon in the form of single silicic acid, and when silicon mine is decomposed and is dissolved in water, these silicon can nature
Ground occurs.In hydroponics applications, the most common silicon additive form is potassium silicate.Once being absorbed, silicon is transported to plant steaming
Place needed for rising system, it is deposited as the hydrated SiO 2 between plant cell and (effectively stores moisture in plant
Son) or as silica (spawn) bion cell wall.Silicon " building " plant, serve as brick in cell wall it
Between or practical cell itself between cement.It increases the structural intergrity of plant, keeps stem and branch thicker stronger, leaf is more
It is green, it is more tough and tensile.
Silicon is added in plan of fertilizer application can generate incredible shadow to the growth of plant, yield and holistic health
It rings.It can improve plant cell development, and plant absorption silicon, it will permanently be deposited in cell wall in 24 hours.These depositions
Object formed silicon dioxide fiber element skeleton, it is stronger and can be than not including silicon the case where quickly generate.Total comes
It says, when it absorbs silicon, it quickly can develop and grow.
The presence for absorbing silicon in the nutrient solution of various elements can energetically influence several macroscopic views and micronutrient is taken the photograph
It takes and absorbs.Silicon is absorption, growth and the photosynthetic fundamental for increasing plant zinc.
Silicon can increase plant to the utilization rate of nitrogen, because its application (in the soil) will reduce loss (soil of the nitrogen to ammonia
Natural process in earth).Nitrogen is the key that the vegetative phase of development of plants, because it can sanatory new foliage development.
Silicon can balance absorption of the plant to phosphorus, reduce the risk of plant absorption toxic level and prevent metal toxicity.It is known
Silicon can with competing certain metallic elements available to plant absorption.These metals include aluminium, manganese and iron, are all to plant growth
It is essential, but excess any in these three elements may cause damages to plant.
If plant, which can absorb these metallic elements, reaches toxic level there are silicon shortage around root.This
It may cause not only to yield nocuousness, but also be difficult to diagnose, seriously reduce yield in the harvest season.
The dosage of silicon can be used by increasing plant, silica deposit will be increase accordingly in cell wall, and silicon will be with nutrition
Metal competition in liquid, prevents noxious material from gathering.Therefore, metal toxicity can be prevented by silicon being added in plan of fertilizer application.
Keep cell integrity and plant intensity, this be add silicon become apparent from one of effect.Plant will significantly become
It is strongr, there is wider, thicker stem and branch.The intake and transpiration of the wider water of stem and nutrient are more.Therefore, from theory
On say, plant can become much larger, and the speed of growth is faster.
This is an extraordinary advantage of silicate ion for pest control and disease, is not desired to especially for those with killing
The grower of worm agent or fungicide sprinkling plant.Silicon is dual to the protection of fungal pathogens.In view of above-mentioned advantage, the present invention
Ion silicon is applied in hayashishita ginseng cultivating.
It can be seen that cultivation under woods ginseng is aided with the Penicillium notatum Z08 of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (Penicilillium flavonim),
Ion silicon fertilizer is applied simultaneously, is obtained the high-quality ginseng of China far from pesticide far from chemical fertilizer, is had broad application prospects.
Summary of the invention
A kind of cultivation under woods ginseng method: it selects to be suitable for soil (the height above sea level 500-1100 of Ginseng Growth in Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region
Rice), the problem of what is solved first is ginseng seeds and planting.The method for concentrating nursery is taken, seedling base is established.Selection 10 years
The seed of the above Ginseng under Forest, coating is made in ginseng seeds and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria under adopting for the year, after sowing in autumn, growth period 2-3, into
Pedestrian's work cultivation domestication applies ion silicon particle fertilizer in the forest land chosen before sowing in autumn；Then 2-3 seedling is dissipated and is planted
To in the plot chosen.Take building ditch hydroponics: 15-20 centimetres of ditch depth, spacing in the rows is 3 centimetres, and line-spacing is 15 centimetres, meets and sets tree of hiding,
Tree root is not touched when cultivation, trunk is not touched in weeding, plants ginseng far from big tree.Guarantee that tree crown is vigorous in this way, vegetation does not go to pot with one
Fixed waterproof ability.Management: it as the saying goes that three points of kinds seven are in charge of.It first has to do manpower weeding 2 times well to be advisable, is mainly to remove with scissors
Careless tool, keeps grass roots, keeps vegetation, and has achieved the purpose that grass does not take advantage of seedling, and also enhance to natural calamity anti-pre-
Ability.Bud is pinched when long to 5-6 centimetres of ginseng flower bud, guarantees the growth quality of ginseng.There are also prior
Be one work be exactly protection against rodents prevention and treatment pest and disease damage work.Mainly polluted based on tool far from raticide with exempt from customs examination ginseng.It wants
The often regularly inspection to ginseng plant, discovery pest and disease damage are accomplished to prevent and treat in time, guarantee the normal health of ginseng
Growth.The above work is all carried out while to do well to join the protection around ground, tramples on to prevent people and animals and causes the unnecessary underproduction.Ginseng
Harvest time: rise ginseng time be annual mid-August, ginseng age be 4-5.
2, the production of Maotai ginseng liquor: taking fresh ginseng 100g to add 225ml pure water, be placed in ultra-high pressure apparatus, adjusts pressure
Power is kept for 8 minutes to 250 megapascal, obtains fresh ginseng aqueous extract 1, fresh ginseng adds 175ml water again, ties up under 150 megapascal pressure
It holds 8 minutes, obtains fresh ginseng aqueous extract 2, merge 2 ginseng aqueous extracts and add water to 450ml, filter, diatomite is added in filtrate,
It stirs evenly, is stood overnight at 4 DEG C, filter, by vacuum freeze drying, obtain fresh ginseng freeze-dried powder；Take 1000ml53 degree Maotai
Appropriate fresh ginseng freeze-dried powder is added to get fresh ginseng Maotai in wine.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention:
(1) a kind of cultivation under woods ginseng that the present invention recommends, can obtain no pesticide, and a kind of people far from chemical fertilizer trust excellent
Matter ginseng.It is new resource food (Ministry of Public Health announce 2012 No. 17) that the Ministry of Public Health, which ratifies ginseng, explicitly points out its source: 5
The ginseng of year and 5 years or less artificial growth.The Ginseng under Forest of underwood planting generally requires growth 13 years or the longer time is equivalent to open country
Wild ginseng is generally not required to manage and protect, although growth year is very long, growing way is very slow, so increment very little, it is difficult to meet people day
The hope of the beneficial high-quality ginseng of increased requirement, and this ginseng clear stipulaties cannot function as food to apply；Cultivation in farmland ginseng
Due to utilizing farmland, growing environment and soil are obviously not so good as forest, and soil improvement needs a large amount of chemical agent etc. in addition
Measure, these can all influence the quality of ginseng, and pay heavy cost.
(2) new Penicillium notatum Z08 is successfully applied to agricultural production by the present invention, improves the yield of cultivation under woods ginseng.Generation
For application phosphatization fertilizer, solves the problems, such as phosphorus excessive in soil and ginseng nutrient is caused to lack, phosphate fertilizer is avoided to cause water pollution
Problem.
(3) ion silicon is introduced into cultivation under woods ginseng planting by the present invention, is promoted the growth of seedling, is extended annual ginseng
Growth period, and have the function of diseases prevention insect prevention, instead of the use of pesticide, for create high yield and high quality ginseng make it is indelible
Contribution.
(4) present invention is compared with farmland ginseng planting with many advantages: natural forest humus soil is utilized, without improvement
Soil carries out soil improvement without the use of chemical agent, is not necessarily to the ginseng canopy of masking, does not pour in cumbersome field management process
Water does not have to pesticide, not to fertilize, to save lot of materials, saves a large amount of artificial.And natural force is mainly utilized, people is completed
The growth course of ginseng sufficiently cultivates the wild nature and anima of ginseng, this keeps cultivation in farmland ginseng too far behind to catch up, incomparable.
(5) present invention produces successfully by Moutai (Spirit) in conjunction with 5 years raw cultivation under woods ginsengs with long RADIX GINSENG ALBA's taste
The Maotai in road.
Specific embodiment
One ginseng seedling artificial acclimation method of embodiment
The method for concentrating nursery is taken, seedling base is established.Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region is selected to be suitable for the needle broad-leaf forest hayashishita of Ginseng Growth
Plot (500-800 meters of height above sea level).The seed of picking 10 years or more Ginseng under Forest carries out autumn sowing, after sowing in autumn for the year, growth period 2
Year, carry out artificial cultivation domestication.
Two ginseng seedling artificial acclimation method of embodiment
The method for concentrating nursery is taken, seedling base is established.Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region is selected to be suitable for the needle broad-leaf forest hayashishita of Ginseng Growth
Plot (500-800 meters of height above sea level).The seed of picking 10 years or more Ginseng under Forest carries out autumn sowing, the drying ginseng seeds under adopting for the year
The Penicillium notatum Z08 of 100g and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria culture medium dry powder 0.1g(Penicillium notatum (Penicilillium flavonim), biology are protected
Hide information: 2016 .06 .29 of CGMCC NO .12761；107488594 A) coating.After current year sows in autumn, growth period 2
Year, carry out artificial cultivation domestication.
Three ginseng seedling artificial acclimation method of embodiment
The method for concentrating nursery is taken, seedling base is established.Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region is selected to be suitable for the needle broad-leaf forest hayashishita of Ginseng Growth
Plot (500-800 meters of height above sea level).The seed of picking 10 years or more Ginseng under Forest carries out autumn sowing, the drying ginseng seeds under adopting for the year
The Penicillium notatum Z08 of 100g and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria culture medium dry powder 0.04g(Penicillium notatum (Penicilillium flavonim), biology
Preservation information: 2016 .06 .29 of CGMCC NO .12761；107488594 A) coating.After current year sows in autumn, growth period 2
Year, carry out artificial cultivation domestication.7 centimetres of early summer height of seedling of seedling Productivity or so start to spray 1000 times of ionic silicates,
Season in midsummer sprays once again.
Example IV ginseng seedling artificial acclimation method
The method for concentrating nursery is taken, seedling base is established.Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region is selected to be suitable for the needle broad-leaf forest hayashishita of Ginseng Growth
Plot (500-800 meters of height above sea level).The seed of picking 10 years or more Ginseng under Forest carries out autumn sowing, after sowing in autumn for the year, growth period 3
Year, carry out artificial cultivation domestication.
Five ginseng seedling artificial acclimation method of embodiment
The method for concentrating nursery is taken, seedling base is established.Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region is selected to be suitable for the needle broad-leaf forest hayashishita of Ginseng Growth
Plot (500-800 meters of height above sea level).The seed of picking 10 years or more Ginseng under Forest carries out autumn sowing, the drying ginseng seeds under adopting for the year
100g and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria culture medium dry powder 0.3g(Penicillium notatum (Penicilillium flavonim) Z08, biological deposits information:
CGMCC NO .12761 2016 .06 .29；107488594 A) coating.After current year sows in autumn, growth period 3 years, people is carried out
Work cultivation domestication.
Six ginseng seedling artificial acclimation method of embodiment
The method for concentrating nursery is taken, seedling base is established.Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region is selected to be suitable for the needle broad-leaf forest hayashishita of Ginseng Growth
Plot (500-800 meters of height above sea level).The seed of picking 10 years or more Ginseng under Forest carries out autumn sowing, the drying ginseng seeds under adopting for the year
100g and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria culture medium dry powder 0.1g Penicillium Penicillium notatum (Penicilillium flavonim) Z08 biological deposits are believed
Breath: 2016 .06 .29 of CGMCC NO .12761；107488594 A) Cotton seeds.After current year sows in autumn, growth period 3
Year, carry out artificial cultivation domestication.7 centimetres of early summer height of seedling of seedling Productivity or so start to spray 1000 times of silicate ion fertilizer
Material, season in midsummer are primary in sprinkling；At the beginning of seedling growth regulation three high 10 centimetres of summer sporelings (of laminaria) or so start spray 2000 times of silicates from
Sub- fertilizer, season in midsummer spray once again.
Seven ginseng plantlet of transplant of embodiment
Embodiment one resulting 2 year raw seedling is dissipated and is planted in the plot chosen, takes an animal-drawn seed plough ditch hydroponics: 15-20 centimetres of ditch depth, strain
Away from being 3 centimetres, line-spacing is 20 centimetres, meets tree and hides tree, and when cultivation does not touch tree root, and trunk is not touched in weeding, plants ginseng far from setting greatly.In this way
Guarantee that tree crown is vigorous, vegetation does not go to pot with certain waterproof ability.Management: it as the saying goes that three points of kinds seven are in charge of.It first has to do
It is advisable for good manpower weeding 2 times, with scissors for main Weeding tool, keeps grass roots, keep vegetation, and has reached grass and do not taken advantage of seedling
Purpose, and natural calamity is also enhanced and resists pre- ability.Bud is pinched when long to 5-6 centimetres of ginseng flower bud,
Guarantee the growth quality of ginseng.It is exactly protection against rodents prevention and treatment pest and disease damage work there are also more importantly one work.Mainly it is with tool
Main separate raticide, is polluted with exempt from customs examination ginseng.Will the often regularly inspection to ginseng plant, discovery pest and disease damage accomplish in time
It prevents and treats, guarantees the growth of the normal health of ginseng.The above protection all carried out while done as around ginseng ground that works, with
Anti- people and animals trample on and cause the unnecessary underproduction.The harvest time of ginseng: the time for playing ginseng is annual mid-August, and ginseng age is 4 years.
The every square meter 0.65kg of yield.
Eight ginseng plantlet of transplant of embodiment
Embodiment two gained, 2 years seedlings, which dissipate, plants in the plot chosen.Take building ditch hydroponics, 15-20 centimetres of ditch depth, spacing in the rows 3
Centimetre, line-spacing is 20 centimetres, meets tree and hides tree, and when cultivation does not touch tree root, and trunk is not touched in weeding, plants ginseng far from setting greatly.It is colonized first 1
Month, it has dug ditch and has mixed 0.8g ion silicon particle fertilizer and forest humus, applied in ditch, autumn takes seedling to be colonized in ditch,
About 120 plants of every square meter.Guarantee that tree crown is vigorous in this way, vegetation does not go to pot with certain waterproof ability.Management: three be as the saying goes
Kind seven is divided to be in charge of.It first has to do manpower weeding 2 times well to be advisable, with scissors for main Weeding tool, keeps grass roots, keep vegetation,
And achieve the purpose that grass does not take advantage of seedling, and also enhance to natural calamity and resist pre- ability.When ginseng flower bud is long to 5-6 centimetres
When by bud pinch fall, guarantee the growth quality of ginseng.Second year early summer after plant starts to 10 centimetres of height of seedling or so
2000 times of silicate ion fertilizer are sprayed, season in midsummer sprays once again.It is exactly that protection against rodents is anti-there are also more importantly one work
Insect pest of curing the disease work.Mainly polluted based on tool far from raticide with exempt from customs examination ginseng.It will be often regularly to ginseng plant
Inspection, discovery pest and disease damage accomplishes to prevent and treat in time, guarantees the growth of the normal health of ginseng.The above work is all carried out same
When to do for ginseng ground around protection, to prevent people and animals trample on cause the unnecessary underproduction.The harvest time of ginseng: rise ginseng time be
Annual mid-August, ginseng age are 4 years.The every square meter 0.85kg of yield.
Nine ginseng plantlet of transplant of embodiment
Embodiment three gained, 2 years seedlings, which dissipate, plants in the plot chosen.Take building ditch hydroponics, 15-20 centimetres of ditch depth, spacing in the rows 3
Centimetre, line-spacing is 20 centimetres, meets tree and hides tree, and when cultivation does not touch tree root, and trunk is not touched in weeding, plants ginseng far from setting greatly.It is colonized first 1
Month, it has dug ditch and has mixed 0.8g ion silicon particle fertilizer and forest humus, applied in ditch, autumn takes seedling to be colonized in ditch,
About 120 plants of every square meter.Guarantee that tree crown is vigorous in this way, vegetation does not go to pot with certain waterproof ability.Management: three be as the saying goes
Kind seven is divided to be in charge of.It first has to do manpower weeding 2 times well to be advisable, with scissors for main Weeding tool, keeps grass roots, keep vegetation,
And achieve the purpose that grass does not take advantage of seedling, and also enhance to natural calamity and resist pre- ability.When ginseng flower bud is long to 5-6 centimetres
When by bud pinch fall, guarantee the growth quality of ginseng.Second year early summer after plant starts to 10 centimetres of height of seedling or so
2000 times of ion silicon fertilizers are sprayed, season in midsummer sprays once again.It is exactly that protection against rodents is anti-there are also more importantly one work to cure the disease
Insect pest work.Mainly polluted based on tool far from raticide with exempt from customs examination ginseng.It will the often regularly inspection to ginseng plant
It looks into, discovery pest and disease damage is accomplished to prevent and treat in time, guarantees the growth of the normal health of ginseng.The above work is all carried out while being wanted
It does to join the protection around ground, is trampleed on to prevent people and animals and cause the unnecessary underproduction.The harvest time of ginseng: it is annual for playing the time of ginseng
Mid-August, ginseng age be 4 years.The every square meter 1.00kg of yield.
Ten ginseng plantlet of transplant of embodiment
3 years seedlings, which dissipate, obtained by example IV plants in the plot chosen, and takes and hugs ditch hydroponics: 15-20 centimetres of ditch depth, spacing in the rows 4
Centimetre, line-spacing is 20 centimetres, meets tree and hides tree, and when cultivation does not touch tree root, and trunk is not touched in weeding, plants ginseng far from setting greatly.Guarantee in this way
Tree crown is vigorous, and vegetation does not go to pot with certain waterproof ability.Management: it as the saying goes that three points of kinds seven are in charge of.It first has to do people well
Work, which is hoed up weeds 2 times, to be advisable, and with scissors for main Weeding tool, keeps grass roots, keeps vegetation, and has reached the mesh that grass does not take advantage of seedling
, and natural calamity is also enhanced and resists pre- ability.Bud is pinched when long to 5-6 centimetres of ginseng flower bud, is protected
The growth quality of witness's ginseng.It is exactly protection against rodents prevention and treatment pest and disease damage work there are also more importantly one work.Mainly based on tool
Far from raticide, polluted with exempt from customs examination ginseng.Will the often regularly inspection to ginseng plant, discovery pest and disease damage is accomplished pre- in time
Anti- and treatment guarantees the growth of the normal health of ginseng.The above protection all carried out while done as around ginseng ground that works, to prevent
People and animals trample on and cause the unnecessary underproduction.The harvest time of ginseng: the time for playing ginseng is annual mid-August, and ginseng age is 5 years.It produces
Measure every square meter 1.15kg.
11 ginseng plantlet of transplant of embodiment
Embodiment five gained, 3 years seedlings, which dissipate, plants in the plot chosen.It takes and hugs ditch hydroponics, 15-20 centimetres of ditch depth, spacing in the rows is
3.3 centimetres, line-spacing is 20 centimetres, meets to set and does not touch tree root when hiding tree cultivation, and trunk is not touched in weeding, plants the separate big tree of ginseng.Field planting preceding 1
It a month, has dug ditch and has mixed 0.8g ion silicon particle fertilizer and forest humus, applied in ditch, autumn takes seedling to be colonized in ditch
In, about 120 plants of every square meter.Guarantee that tree crown is vigorous in this way, vegetation does not go to pot with certain waterproof ability.Management: proverb
Say that three points of kinds seven are in charge of.It first has to do manpower weeding 2 times well to be advisable, with scissors for main Weeding tool, keeps grass roots, keep plant
Quilt, and achieved the purpose that grass does not take advantage of seedling, and also enhance to natural calamity and resist pre- ability.When ginseng flower bud is long to 5 one 6
Centimetre when by bud pinch fall, guarantee the growth quality of ginseng.It is opened for high 10 centimetres of summer sporelings (of laminaria) or so at the beginning of seedling growth regulation four
Begin 1000 times of silicate ion fertilizer of sprinkling, and season in midsummer sprays 1000 times of silicate ion fertilizer again；Seedling growth regulation
Start to spray 2000 times of silicate ion fertilizer for high 10 centimetres of summer sporelings (of laminaria) or so at the beginning of five；Season in midsummer spray again one time 1000 times from
Sub- silicon fertilizer.It is exactly protection against rodents prevention and treatment pest and disease damage work there are also more importantly one work.The mainly separate raticide based on tool,
It is polluted with exempt from customs examination ginseng.Will the often regularly inspection to ginseng plant, discovery pest and disease damage accomplish to prevent and treat in time,
Guarantee the growth of the normal health of ginseng.The above work is all carried out while to do to join the protection around ground, to prevent people and animals' trample
Cause the unnecessary underproduction.The harvest time of ginseng: the time for playing ginseng is annual mid-August, and ginseng age is 5 years.The every square meter of yield
1.60kg。
The production of 12 ginseng Maotai of embodiment
It takes fresh ginseng 100g to add 225ml pure water, is placed in ultra-high pressure apparatus, adjust pressure to 250 megapascal, kept for 8 minutes, obtained
To fresh ginseng aqueous extract 1, fresh ginseng adds 175ml water again, maintains 8 minutes under 150 megapascal pressure, obtains fresh ginseng aqueous extract
2, merge 2 ginseng aqueous extracts and add water to 450ml, filters, diatomite is added in filtrate, stirs evenly, is stood overnight at 4 DEG C,
Filtering, by vacuum freeze drying, obtains fresh ginseng freeze-dried powder；53 degree of Maotai of 1000ml are taken, appropriate fresh ginseng freeze-dried powder is added
(being equivalent to 20g fresh ginseng) is to get fresh ginseng Maotai.
The detection of one ginseng Maotai physical and chemical index of experimental example
Maotai is made by 12 method of embodiment according to cultivation under woods ginseng method of the present invention, 5 years fresh ginsengs of acquisition in sample
Ginseng liquor.
1 polysaccharide determination: polyoses content in fresh ginseng Maotai is measured according to phend-sulphuric acid
The made fresh ginseng Maotai of Example 12 and Guizhou 53 degree of Maotai samples of ageing in 5 years are a certain amount of respectively, use benzene
Phenol-sulfuric acid method is measured.
Measurement result: contain 675.8mg/L, blank Maotai 102.3mg/L in fresh ginseng Maotai.
2 free amine group acidity tests: it is measured using automatic amino acid analyzer
Measurement result: fresh ginseng Maotai: glutamic acid 175.4mg/L, arginine 116.9mg/L, threonine 41.8mg/L, third
Propylhomoserin 2.5mg/L, tyrosine 3.2mg/L, valine 1.5mg/L, with leucine 3.0mg/L, leucine 5.6mg/L,
Phenylalanine-3,4-quinone .1mg/L；Total amino acid content 352.9mg/L.
Maotai: glutamic acid 158.1mg/L, threonine 12.4mg/L；Total amino acid content 170.5mg/L.
Ginsenoside measures in 3 fresh ginseng Maotai
Measurement result ginseng Maotai: ginsenoside Re: 5.07 μ g/ml, ginsenoside Rg1: 23.88 μ g/ml, ginsenoside
Rb1:9.69 μ g/ml, Ginsenoside Rc: 9.42 μ g/ml, ginsenoside Rb2: 8.78 μ g/ml, ginsenoside Rd: 7.36 μ g/
ml。
The Organochlorine Pesticide Residues of table fresh ginseng and fresh ginseng Maotai
The ginseng ABA content of 13 cultivation under woods of embodiment measures
1 instrument and reagent
The ten a ten thousandth electronics day LC-20A type high performance liquid chromatograph (Japanese Shimadzu, SPD-20A UV detector) BP211D
Flat (German Sartorious company).Abscisic acid reference substance is purchased from Sigma Co., USA, and purity > 98%, methanol is chromatographically pure,
Water is Wahaha Pure Water, other reagents are that analysis is pure.
4 batch complete stool fresh ginsengs used in this experiment pick up from 5 Nian Shengcan of Jilin Province Huinan County cultivation under woods, through Jilin agricultural
Chinese medicine institute, university professor Zheng Yinan be accredited as Araliaceae ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. )。
Method and result
The preparation of 2.1 solution
2.1.1 reference substance solution preparation precision weighs 5.51 mg of abscisic acid reference substance, sets in 50 mL volumetric flasks, adds 80%
Methanol makes it dissolve and is diluted to scale, shakes up, and obtaining concentration is 0.1102 mgmL-1Reference substance solution.
2.1.2 test solution rinses each section of fresh ginseng sample well, respectively takes suitable sample, is put into pre-cooling
In mortar, 80% methanol of appropriate -20 DEG C of pre-coolings is added, repeatedly ground sample to paste, 25 mL80% pre-cooling is then added
Methanol, it is respectively 8 h, 4 h, 4 h that the time three times, extracted every time is extracted in 4 DEG C, merges extracting solution three times, filters, will filter
Liquid is concentrated under reduced pressure into water phase, with hydrochloric acid tune pH to 2.8-3.0, ethyl acetate is added and extracts 2 times, ethyl acetate phase is obtained, by second
Acetoacetic ester is mutually concentrated to dryness, then with 80% methanol constant volume into 10 mL volumetric flasks, cross 0.45 μm of filter membrane to get sample
Solution.It is stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, it is spare.
2.2 chromatographic conditions and system suitability test chromatographic column: Dalian Yi Lite HypersilODS2(250 mm ×
4.6 mm, 5 μm)；Column temperature: 45 DEG C；Mobile phase: -0.2% phosphate aqueous solution of methanol (55:45)；Flow velocity: 0.8 mLmin-1；
Detection wavelength: 260 nm；Sample volume: 20 μ L.Abscisic acid retention time under above-mentioned chromatographic condition, in sample and reference substance
Almost the same, theoretical cam curve is all larger than 3000.
3. result
After measured, the content of abscisic acid is respectively 12.45mg/kg, 20.43mg/kg, 18.77mg/ in 4 batch cultivation under woods ginseng
Kg and 25.83mg/kg.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng, which comprises the steps of:
1) nursery: cultivating 2 years raw seedlings, the mature seed of selection 15 years or more Ginseng under Forest, and the ginseng seeds under adopting are used containing molten
The coating of phosphorus bacterium coating agent, sows in autumn for the year, broadcasts in the forest land chosen, ion silicon particle fertilizer, next year kind are applied in forest land in advance
After son germination is unearthed, until early summer sprinkling ion silicon foliage fertilizer is primary, period in midsummer is primary in sprinkling, and growth course guarantees weeding 2
Secondary, grass roots is kept in weeding, and purpose is protected forest vegetation, and next year is equally handled, and cultivates triennial seedling, and measure is ibid handled, different
To be third year pinch when long to 2-3 centimetres of ginseng flower bud by bud, every year in the Ginseng Growth phase, spray 2-3 times
Ion silicon foliage fertilizer；
2) 5 years stranger's method for planting ginseng: resulting 2 years raw seedlings, which dissipate, plants in the plot chosen, and takes an animal-drawn seed plough ditch hydroponics, ditch depth
15-20 centimetres, spacing in the rows be 3 centimetres, line-spacing be 20 centimetres, be colonized first 1 month, dug ditch and by 0.8g silicate granules fertilizer with it is gloomy
Woods fertile soil mixes, and applies in ditch, and autumn takes seedling to be colonized in ditch, every square meter 50-200 plant, meets to set and hide tree, and when cultivation does not touch
Trunk is not touched in tree root, weeding, plants ginseng far from big tree, guarantee tree crown in this way is vigorous, and vegetation does not go to pot with certain anti-water energy
Power, is advisable for manpower weeding 2 times, with scissors for main Weeding tool, keeps grass roots, keeps vegetation, and has reached grass and do not taken advantage of seedling
Purpose, and natural calamity is also enhanced and resists pre- ability, pinch bud when long to 5-6 centimetres of ginseng flower bud
Fall, protection against rodents prevents and treats pest and disease damage work, is mainly polluted based on tool far from raticide with exempt from customs examination ginseng, Yao Jingchang is regularly
Inspection to ginseng plant, discovery pest and disease damage are accomplished to prevent and treat in time, guarantee the growth of the normal health of ginseng, the above work
All carry out while to do as the protection around ginseng ground, trampleed on to prevent people and animals and cause the unnecessary underproduction, harvest time of ginseng with
The time for playing ginseng is annual mid-August, and ginseng age is 4-5.
2. the implantation methods of cultivation under woods according to claim 1 ginseng, which is characterized in that selection 15 years or more Ginseng under Forest
Mature seed is as raising ginseng seedlings.
3. the implantation methods of cultivation under woods according to claim 1 ginseng, which is characterized in that ginseng seeds need to be with containing mould
The phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria of bacterium Z08 is coated, and the dosage of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria is 0.4-3g/kg.
4. the implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng according to claim 1, which is characterized in that do base fertilizer and leaf using ion silicon
Leaven.
5. the implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 4-5 raw cultivation under woods ginseng
Single-strain fresh weight is 5-20g/ plants, and ginseng yield is 0.65-1.6kg/ square metres.
6. the ginseng that the implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng according to claim 1 obtain, which is characterized in that abscisic acid contains
Amount is 12-25mg/kg.
7. the implantation methods of cultivation under woods ginseng according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 4-5 raw cultivation under woods ginseng
Transplanting survival rate is greater than 95%, and year is lost less than 2.0%.
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| CN113647299A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-16 | 云南中医药大学 | Polygonatum kingianum planting method based on mode of under-forest herbal co-cultivation |
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| CN101496483A (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2009-08-05 | 郑俊华 | Method for planting ginseng under forest |
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