CN109312309B - 工程化的病毒 - Google Patents
工程化的病毒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种溶瘤病毒,其包含:(i)CM‑CSF编码基因;(ii)免疫共刺激途径激活分子或免疫共刺激途径激活分子编码基因。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及溶瘤免疫治疗剂和该溶瘤免疫治疗剂在治疗癌症中的用途。
背景技术
病毒具有以高效率进入细胞的独特能力。进入细胞后,表达病毒基因并复制病毒。这通常导致受感染细胞的死亡和细胞的抗原成分的释放,因为当细胞死亡时细胞破裂。结果,病毒介导的细胞死亡倾向于导致对这些细胞组分的免疫应答,所述细胞组分包括源自宿主细胞的那些和由病毒本身编码或掺入病毒本身的那些,并且,由于宿主识别辅助免疫应答激活的所谓的损伤相关分子模式(DAMP),因此免疫应答也得到增强。
病毒也与先天免疫应答的各种介质相互作用,作为宿主对下述识别的反应的一部分:例如,通过toll样受体和cGAS/STING信号传导识别病毒感染和识别病原体相关分子模式(PAMP),所述识别导致干扰素反应和炎症(它们也是对宿主的免疫原性信号)的激活。这些免疫应答可以对癌症患者产生免疫原性益处,使得对肿瘤抗原的免疫应答提供系统的总体益处,从而导致治疗未感染病毒的肿瘤,包括微转移性疾病,并提供针对复发的疫苗接种。
病毒的组合直接(“溶瘤”)效应和针对肿瘤抗原的免疫应答(包括非自身“新生抗原”,即源自个体肿瘤中的特定突变基因)被称为“溶瘤免疫疗法”。
病毒也可用作递送媒介物(“载体”)以在感染细胞中表达插入病毒基因组中的异源基因。这些特性使病毒可用于各种生物技术和医学应用。例如,表达异源治疗基因的病毒可用于基因治疗。在溶瘤免疫疗法的背景下,递送的基因可包括编码特定肿瘤抗原的基因,旨在诱导免疫应答或增加病毒复制和细胞死亡后释放的抗原的免疫原性的基因,旨在塑造产生的免疫应答的基因,增加肿瘤的一般免疫激活状态的基因,或增加病毒的直接溶瘤特性(即细胞毒性作用)的基因。重要的是,病毒具有递送编码分子的能力,所述编码分子旨在有助于直接和选择性地引发、增强或塑造对肿瘤的全身性抗肿瘤免疫应答,这可能具有以下益处:例如,与对这些相同分子的全身给药或靶向相同途径的其他分子的全身给药相比,毒性降低或对肿瘤(包括未被病毒感染的那些)的聚焦有益效果而不是对正常(即非癌性)组织的脱靶效应。
已经证明,包括例如单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)在内的许多病毒在癌症的溶瘤治疗中具有应用。必须使用于癌症的溶瘤治疗的HSV失去能力,使其不再致病,但仍可进入并杀死肿瘤细胞。已经鉴定了许多对HSV的致残突变,包括编码ICP34.5、ICP6和/或胸苷激酶的基因的破坏,其不能阻止病毒在培养物中或在体内肿瘤组织中复制,但是其阻止显著的在正常组织中的复制。其中仅有ICP34.5基因被破坏的HSV在体外在许多肿瘤细胞类型中复制,并且在小鼠肿瘤模型中选择性地在肿瘤组织中复制,但不在周围组织中复制。缺失ICP34.5或缺失ICP34.5和ICP6的HSV的临床试验也显示出安全性和在人类肿瘤组织的选择性复制。
如上所讨论的,包括HSV在内的溶瘤病毒也可用于在癌症治疗中递送治疗基因。另外缺失ICP47并且编码用于GM-CSF的异源基因的这种类型的缺失ICP34.5的病毒也已经在临床试验中进行了测试,包括在黑素瘤中的3期试验,其中显示了对人的安全性和功效。GM-CSF是一种促炎细胞因子,其具有多种功能,包括刺激单核细胞离开循环并迁移到组织中,在组织中它们增殖并成熟为巨噬细胞和树突细胞。GM-CSF对于抗原呈递细胞的增殖和成熟是重要的,其活性是激活抗肿瘤免疫应答所需的。试验数据表明,在注射的肿瘤中可以看到肿瘤反应,在未注射的肿瘤中可以看到较小程度的肿瘤反应。反应倾向于高度持久(数月-数年),并且在响应患者中似乎实现了生存益处。除了直接溶瘤作用外,这些中的每一个都表明免疫系统在癌症治疗中的参与。然而,这一数据和使用溶瘤病毒的其他数据通常表明并非所有肿瘤都对治疗有响应,并且并非所有患者都能获得生存优势。因此,显然需要改进溶瘤治疗的技术。
最近已经表明,溶瘤免疫疗法可以与免疫检查点阻断(即免疫检查点途径的抑制或“拮抗作用”,也称为免疫共抑制途径)组合产生加和或协同治疗效果。检查点(免疫抑制途径)阻断旨在阻断宿主免疫抑制机制,其通常用于防止自身免疫性的发生。然而,在癌症患者中,这些机制也可用于抑制诱导或阻断诱导的针对肿瘤的任何免疫应答的潜在有益作用。
通过靶向CTLA-4、PD-1或PD-L1的药剂对这些途径的系统性阻断已经在许多肿瘤类型(包括黑素瘤和肺癌)中显示出功效。然而,不出所料,基于作用机制,由于自身免疫性的诱导,可能发生脱靶毒性。即便如此,这些药剂也是充分耐受性的,足以容许提供相当大的临床效用。其他免疫共抑制途径和正在开发的药剂(主要是抗体)的相关靶标包括LAG-3,TIM-3,VISTA,CSF1R,IDO,CEACAM1,CD47。由于作用机制,这些药剂(例如PD1,PDL1,LAG-3,TIM-3,VISTA,CSF1R,IDO,CD47,CEACAM1)的最佳临床活性可能需要全身给药或存在于所有肿瘤中,即包括靶向免疫效应细胞与肿瘤的界面或肿瘤中/肿瘤的其他免疫抑制机制。在某些情况下,更局部的存在于例如仅一些肿瘤或一些淋巴结中也可能是最佳有效的,例如靶向CTLA-4的药剂。
增加癌症患者的抗肿瘤免疫应答的另一种方法是靶向(激活)免疫共刺激途径,即与抑制免疫共抑制途径相反。这些途径将激活信号发送到T细胞和其他免疫细胞中,这通常由抗原呈递细胞(APC)上的相关配体与T细胞和其他免疫细胞表面上的相关受体的相互作用产生。取决于配体/受体,这些信号可导致T细胞和/或APC和/或NK细胞和/或B细胞(包括特定亚型)的活化增加,T细胞和/或APC和/或NK细胞和/或B细胞(包括特定亚型)的分化和增殖增加,或抑制免疫抑制性T细胞如调节性T细胞的活性。因此预期这些途径的激活将导致增强的抗肿瘤免疫应答,但也可能预期这些途径的全身性激活,即通常激活免疫应答而不是特异性或选择性地抗肿瘤免疫应答在非肿瘤组织中具有相当大的脱靶毒性,这种脱靶毒性的程度取决于所靶向的特定免疫共刺激途径。然而,靶向免疫共刺激途径的药剂(主要是激动性抗体,或较不常见的是针对讨论受体的可溶性配体),包括靶向GITR、4-1-BB、OX40、CD40或ICOS的药剂,并且旨在用于全身使用(即静脉内递送)的药剂,已经处在临床开发中或已经提出用于临床开发。
为了这些靶向免疫共抑制或共抑制途径的方法中多种方法的成功,需要预先存在的针对肿瘤的免疫应答,即,使得预先存在的免疫应答可以被加强或能够解除对抗肿瘤免疫阻断。还需要存在发炎的肿瘤微环境,其表明这种持续的反应。预先存在的针对肿瘤新生抗原的免疫应答似乎对免疫共抑制途径阻断和相关药物的活性特别重要。只有一些患者可能对肿瘤抗原(包括新生抗原)有持续的免疫应答和/或发炎的肿瘤微环境,这两者都是这些药物最佳活性所必需的。因此,可以诱导针对肿瘤抗原(包括新生抗原)的免疫应答和/或可以诱导发炎的肿瘤微环境的溶瘤剂对于与免疫共抑制途径阻断和免疫增强药物组合使用是有吸引力的。这可能解释了迄今为止观察到的小鼠和人类中溶瘤剂和免疫共抑制途径阻断的有希望的联合抗肿瘤作用。
上述讨论表明,利用溶瘤剂、抗肿瘤免疫应答和靶向免疫共抑制或共刺激途径的药物改善溶瘤剂和癌症治疗仍有很大的余地。
发明概述
本发明提供了表达GM-CSF和至少一种靶向免疫共刺激途径的分子的溶瘤病毒。GM-CSF有助于诱导炎性肿瘤微环境并刺激抗原呈递细胞(包括树突细胞)的增殖和成熟,有助于诱导抗肿瘤免疫应答。这些免疫应答通过使用也由溶瘤病毒递送的一种或多种免疫共刺激途径激活分子激活一种或多种免疫共刺激途径来扩大。
使用溶瘤病毒将靶向免疫共刺激途径的分子递送至肿瘤使免疫效应的扩大几种在抗肿瘤免疫应答,并减少对非肿瘤抗原的免疫应答的扩大。因此,肿瘤和肿瘤引流淋巴结中的免疫细胞通过激活免疫共刺激途径而非一般免疫细胞的分子选择性地参与。这导致免疫共刺激途径激活和抗肿瘤免疫应答扩大的功效增强,并且还可导致脱靶毒性降低。对于集中组合的系统免疫共抑制途径阻断和免疫共刺激途径激活对肿瘤的影响也是重要的,即,使得释放共抑制性阻断的扩大免疫应答是抗肿瘤免疫应答而不是对非肿瘤抗原的反应。
本发明利用以下事实:当由溶瘤病毒递送时,共刺激途径激活和GM-CSF表达的作用位点是在肿瘤和/或肿瘤引流淋巴结中,但是这种激活的结果(扩大的全身抗肿瘤免疫应答)是全身性的。这通常靶向肿瘤,并且不仅是溶瘤病毒已经递送一种或多种靶向一种或多种免疫共刺激途径或GM-CSF的分子的肿瘤。因此,本发明的溶瘤病毒通过产生改善的肿瘤集中免疫应答提供改善的癌症治疗。本发明的溶瘤病毒还提供改善的抗肿瘤免疫刺激作用,使得免疫介导的对未被溶瘤作用破坏的肿瘤(包括微转移性疾病)的作用增强,导致对这些肿瘤的更有效的破坏,和更有效的长期抗肿瘤疫苗接种,以防止未来复发和提高整体生存期。
当本发明的溶瘤病毒用作单一药剂时以及当病毒与其他抗癌方式组合使用时,抗肿瘤功效得到改善,所述其他抗癌方式包括化疗,用靶向药剂治疗,放射,并且在优选的实施方案中,免疫检查点阻断药物(即免疫共抑制途径的拮抗剂)和/或免疫共刺激途径的激动剂。
因此,本发明提供一种溶瘤病毒,其包含:(i)GM-CSF编码基因;(ii)免疫共刺激途径激活分子或免疫共刺激途径激活分子编码基因。该病毒可以编码一种以上的免疫共刺激途径激活分子/基因。
免疫共刺激途径激活分子优选为GITRL,4-1-BBL,OX40L,ICOSL或CD40L或其任何的修饰形式或能够阻断通过CTLA-4的信号传导的蛋白质,例如结合CTLA-4的抗体。修饰形式的实例包括分泌而不是膜结合的共刺激途径的激动剂,和/或经修饰以形成蛋白质的多聚体的激动剂。
该病毒可以是经修饰的临床分离株,例如经修饰的病毒临床分离株,其中临床分离株比同一病毒种类的一种或多种参考临床分离株更快速地和/或以更低剂量体外杀死两种或更多种肿瘤细胞系。
病毒优选是单纯疱疹病毒(HSV),例如HSV1。HSV通常不表达功能性ICP34.5和/或功能性ICP47和/或将US11基因表达为立即早期基因。
本发明还提供:
-药物组合物,其包含本发明的病毒和药学上可接受的运载体或稀释剂;
-用在通过疗法治疗人体或动物体的方法中的本发明的病毒;
-用在治疗癌症的方法中的本发明的病毒,其中所述方法任选地包括施用另外的抗癌剂;
-在无菌小瓶、安瓿或注射器中包含本发明的病毒的制品;
-治疗癌症的方法,其包括向有此需要的患者施用治疗有效量的本发明的病毒或药物组合物,其中所述方法任选地包括施用另外的抗癌剂,所述抗癌剂任选地是免疫共抑制途径的拮抗剂,或免疫共刺激途径的激动剂;
-本发明的病毒在制备用在治疗癌症的方法中的药物中的用途,其中所述方法任选地包括施用另外的抗癌剂,所述抗癌剂任选地是免疫共抑制途径的拮抗剂或免疫共刺激途径的激动剂;
-一种治疗癌症的方法,所述方法包括对有此需要的患者施用治疗有效量的溶瘤病毒、吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)途径的抑制剂和免疫共抑制途径的另一种拮抗剂或免疫共刺激途径的激动剂。
附图简述
图1描绘了本发明的示例性病毒的结构,其包含编码GM-CSF的基因和编码CD40L的基因。
图2显示了如图所示以0.1、0.01或0.001的MOI感染后24小时或48小时通过结晶紫染色评估的八种排名最高的HSV1临床分离株杀死Fadu、SK-mel-28、A549、HT1080、MIA-PA-CA-2、HT29和MDA-MB-231人肿瘤细胞系的差异能力。显示了针对每个细胞系排名第一和第二的病毒株。病毒RH018A针对Fadu、HT1080、MIA-PA-CA-2和HT29细胞系中的每一种排名第一,针对SK-mel-28、A549和MDA-MB-231细胞系中的每一种排名第二。RH004A针对HT29细胞系与RH018A和RH015A并列排在第一位,针对SK-mel-28和A549细胞系排第一,针对Fadu细胞系排第二。RH023A针对MDA-MB-231细胞系排名第一,针对HT1080细胞系排名第二。RH031A针对MIA-PA-CA-2和HT29细胞系中的每一种排名第二。RH040A针对HT29细胞系并列排名第二。
图3显示毒株RH018A(在所有测试毒株中排名第一的毒株)与来自筛选的“平均”毒株(即毒株RH065A)之间的比较。如在SK-mel-28、HT1080、MDA-MB-231、Fadu、MIA-PA-CA-2和A549细胞系中以0.1、0.01和0.001的MOI感染后24或48小时的结晶紫染色所示,与毒株RH065A所需的相比,杀死相同比例的细胞需要大约10倍更少的RH018A毒株。
图4和5描绘了通过缺失ICP34.5和ICP47和在ICP34.5基因座中含有异源基因而修饰的HSV1病毒的结构,其中所述缺失ICP34.5和ICP47使得US11基因处在ICP457立即早期启动子的控制下。除非图中另有说明,否则使用RH018A毒株构建病毒。
图6显示了用于检测感染病毒16(mGM-CSF和GALVR-)、病毒17(hGM-CSF和GALVR-)和病毒19(mGM-CSF)的BHK细胞的上清液中人或小鼠GM-CSF表达的ELISA结果。
图7是其中缺失ICP34.5并且表达GALVR-和GFP的毒株RH018A(病毒10)与仅表达GFP的病毒(病毒12)的细胞杀伤能力之间的比较,如通过在低放大倍数下在三个细胞系中的结晶紫染色所确定的。
图8是其中ICP34.5和ICP47缺失并且表达GALVR-和GM-CSF的毒株RH018A(病毒17)与具有相同修饰的现有技术毒株的细胞杀伤能力之间的比较,如通过在四个细胞系中的结晶紫染色所确定的。
图9显示病毒16(ICP34.5和ICP47缺失,表达GALVR-和mGM-CSF)在治疗两侧腹部携带A20淋巴瘤肿瘤的小鼠中的有效性。在右侧腹部的肿瘤注射病毒或媒介物(vehicle),持续30天观察对肿瘤大小的影响。该病毒对注射的肿瘤和未注射的肿瘤均有效。
图10显示了通过结晶紫染色评估的病毒15(ICP34.5和ICP47缺失,表达GALVR-和GFP)和病毒24(ICP34.5和ICP47缺失,表达GFP)在体外对大鼠9L细胞的影响。与不表达GALV的病毒(病毒24)相比,表达GALV的病毒(病毒15)在体外显示出对大鼠9L细胞的增强的杀伤作用
图11显示病毒16在左侧和右侧腹部中携带小鼠CT26肿瘤的Balb/c小鼠中的抗肿瘤作用。然后用以下物质处理10只小鼠的组:媒介物(每隔一天向右侧腹部肿瘤注射3次);每隔一天在右侧腹部肿瘤中注射5x10exp6pfu的病毒16(mRP1);单独的抗小鼠PD1(每3天腹膜内10mg/kg,BioXCell克隆RMP1-14);抗小鼠CTLA-4(每3天腹膜内3mg/kg,BioXCell克隆9D9);抗小鼠PD1和病毒16;抗小鼠CTLA4与病毒16一起;1-甲基色氨酸(I-MT;IDO抑制剂(饮用水中5mg/ml));抗小鼠PD1与1-甲基色氨酸一起;或抗小鼠PD1与1-甲基色氨酸和病毒16一起。持续另外30天观察对肿瘤大小的影响。在用病毒和检查点阻断组合治疗的动物中观察到比单一治疗组更大的肿瘤减小。图11A显示组合使用病毒16和抗PD1比单独使用抗PD1或病毒具有更好的抗肿瘤效果。图11B显示病毒16与抗-CTLA-4组合的抗肿瘤作用优于单独的病毒16或抗-CTLA-4的抗肿瘤作用。图11C显示,与不存在病毒的抗PD1和1-MT抑制相比,使用病毒16以及抗PD1和IDO抑制观察到增强的肿瘤减小。
图12显示与单独的病毒或单独的检查点阻断(抗-PD1)相比,病毒16与免疫检查点阻断相组合在Balb/c小鼠两侧腹部的小鼠A20肿瘤中增强的抗肿瘤活性。
图13显示了表达GALVR-、GM-CSF和密码子优化的抗小鼠或抗人CTLA-4抗体构建体(分泌的scFv分子与人或小鼠IgG1Fc区连接)的ICP34.5和ICP47缺失病毒的结构。scFv含有来自抗体9D9(US2011044953:小鼠形式)和伊匹单抗(ipilimumab)(US20150283234;人类形式)的连接的([G4S]3)轻链和重链。还显示了CTLA-4抑制剂的所得结构。
图14显示病毒16和病毒19在人异种移植模型(A549)中的抗肿瘤作用。在一周内以三个不同的剂量水平(N=10/组)注射三次病毒16、病毒19或媒介物。显示了所用病毒的剂量。表达GALV的病毒16的抗肿瘤作用优于不表达GALV的病毒19的抗肿瘤作用。
图15显示了表达GALVR-的本发明的病毒对Fischer 344大鼠侧腹中的9L细胞的作用。对大鼠组(每组10只)进行以下治疗,每只大鼠的一侧腹部每周三次,持续三周:50μl媒介物;50μl 107pfu/ml病毒19(表达mGM-CSF但不表达GALV R-);或50μl 107pfu/ml病毒16(表达小鼠GM-CSF和GALV-R-)。然后持续另外30天观察对肿瘤生长的影响。与仅表达GM-CSF的病毒相比,用表达GM-CSF和GALV-R-的病毒观察到优异的肿瘤控制和收缩。
图16显示了表达抗mCTLA-4(病毒27)、mCD40L(病毒32)、mOX40L(病毒35)、m4-2BBL(病毒33)的病毒的抗肿瘤作用,与病毒16(表达GALV和mGM-CSF)相比,每种病毒也含有mGM-CSF和GALV-R-。
序列表的简要说明
SEQ ID NO:1是小鼠GM-CSF的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:2是小鼠GM-CSF的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:3是人GM-CSF的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:4是人GM-CSF的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:5是小鼠GM-CSF的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:6是人GM-CSF的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:7是GALV-R-的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:8是GALV-R-的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列(前三个核苷酸是可选的)
SEQ ID NO:9是GALV-R-的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:10是人膜结合形式的CD40L的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:11是人膜结合形式的CD40L的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:12是人CD40L的多聚体分泌形式的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:13是人CD40L的多聚体分泌形式的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:14是小鼠CD40L的多聚体分泌形式的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:15是小鼠CD40L的多聚体分泌形式的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:16是野生型人CD40L的核苷酸序列的密码子优化形式。
SEQ ID NO:17是野生型人CD40L的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:18是野生型小鼠CD40L的核苷酸序列的密码子优化形式。
SEQ ID NO:19是野生型小鼠CD40L的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:20是鼠4-1BBL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:21是人4-1BBL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:22是分泌的小鼠4-1BBL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:23是人分泌的4-1BBL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:24是鼠GITRL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:25是人GITRL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:26是分泌的鼠GITRL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:27是分泌的人GITRL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:28是鼠OX40L的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:29是人OX40L的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:30是分泌的鼠OX40L的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:31是分泌的人OX40L的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:32是鼠ICOSL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:33是人ICOSL的密码子优化形式的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:34是鼠scFv CTLA-4抗体的核苷酸序列。前六个和后八个核苷酸是为克隆目的而添加的限制性位点。
SEQ ID NO:35是鼠scFv CTLA-4抗体的核苷酸序列。前六个和后八个核苷酸是为克隆目的而添加的限制性位点。
SEQ ID NO:36是CMV启动子的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:37是RSV启动子的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:38是BGH polyA的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:39是SV40晚期polyA的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:40是SV40增强子启动子的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:41是兔β-球蛋白(RBG)polyA的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:42是GFP的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:43是MoMuLV LTR启动子的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:44是EF1a启动子的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:45是HGH polyA的核苷酸序列。
发明详述
溶瘤病毒
本发明的病毒是溶瘤的。溶瘤病毒是在肿瘤细胞中感染和复制从而杀死肿瘤细胞的病毒。因此,本发明的病毒具有复制能力。优选地,病毒选择性地在肿瘤组织中复制。如果病毒在肿瘤组织中比在非肿瘤组织中更有效地复制,则病毒能够选择性地在肿瘤组织中复制。可以使用本领域的标准技术确定病毒在不同组织类型中复制的能力。
本发明的病毒可以是具有这些特性的任何病毒,包括疱疹病毒、痘病毒、腺病毒、逆转录病毒、弹状病毒、副粘病毒或呼肠孤病毒、或这些较大组内的任何种类或毒株。本发明的病毒可以是野生型(即不由亲本病毒种类改变),或者具有基因破坏或基因添加。具体是这些情况中的哪一个将取决于要使用的病毒种类。优选地,病毒是疱疹病毒的种类,更优选是HSV的毒株,包括HSV1和HSV2的毒株,并且最优选是HSV1的毒株。在特别优选的实施方案中,本发明的病毒基于待使用的病毒种类的临床分离株。可以基于其具有用于治疗癌症的特别有利特性来选择临床分离株。
与从其他患者分离的相同病毒的其他毒株相比,临床分离株可具有令人惊讶的良好抗肿瘤效果,其中患者是携带待测试病毒种类的个体。用于比较以鉴定本发明的病毒的病毒株可以从患者或其他健康的(即,不携带待测试的病毒种类)志愿者分离,优选从其他健康志愿者中分离。用于鉴定本发明病毒的HSV1毒株通常从携带HSV1的个体的唇疱疹中分离,通常通过使用例如Virocult(Sigma)品牌拭子/包含运输介质的容器擦拭,然后运输到机构用于进一步测试。
在从个体分离要比较的病毒后,通常制备病毒原种,例如通过在BHK或vero细胞上培养分离的病毒而制备。优选地,这是在取样和在例如BHK或vero细胞上生长之间不超过3个循环的冻融之后进行的,以制备病毒原种以供进一步使用。更优选地,病毒样品在制备用于进一步使用的原种之前经历2次或少于2次的冻融循环,更优选一次冻融循环,最优选没有冻融循环。比较用分离后以这种方式制备的病毒感染的细胞系的裂解物,通常通过测试病毒在体外杀死肿瘤细胞系的能力进行比较。或者,可以在测试之前将病毒原种储存在合适的条件下,例如通过冷冻。与从其他个体分离的相同病毒的其他毒株相比,优选与从>5个个体、更优选>10个其他个体、最优选>20个其他个体分离的那些毒株相比时,本发明的病毒具有令人惊讶的良好抗肿瘤效果。
在修饰之前或之后,鉴定为用于修饰产生本发明的病毒(即,与比较它们的其他病毒株相比具有令人惊讶的良好杀伤肿瘤细胞的性质)的临床分离株的原种可以在合适的条件下储存,并适当地用于生成适当的其他原种。
临床分离株是从其天然宿主中分离的病毒种类的毒株。优选分离临床分离株用于测试和比较临床分离株与该病毒种类的其他临床分离株的所需性质,在本发明的病毒的情形中,是杀死人肿瘤细胞的能力。可用于比较的临床分离株还包括来自临床试验库中存在的临床样品的那些,即先前为临床诊断或其他目的而收集的临床分离株。在任一种情况下,用于比较和鉴定本发明病毒的临床分离株优选在测试所需性质之前在体外经历最小的培养,优选仅经历足够的培养以允许产生足够的原种用于比较测试目的。因此,用于比较以鉴定本发明病毒的病毒还可包括保藏的毒株,其中保藏的毒株已从患者分离,优选为从患者唇疱疹中分离的HSV1毒株。
病毒可以是经修饰的临床分离株,其中临床分离株比一种或多种相同病毒种类的参考临床分离株更快速地和/或以更低的剂量体外杀死两种或更多种肿瘤细胞系。通常,临床分离株将以小于或等于0.1的感染复数(MOI)、优选小于或等于0.01的MOI、更优选小于或等于0.001的MOI感染的72小时内,优选在48小时内,更优选在24小时内杀死两种或更多种肿瘤细胞系。优选地,临床分离株将杀死广泛的肿瘤细胞系,例如以下人肿瘤细胞系中的2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10种或例如全部:U87MG(神经胶质瘤)),HT29(结肠直肠癌),LNCaP(前列腺癌),MDA-MB-231(乳腺癌),SK-MEL-28(黑色素瘤),Fadu(鳞状细胞癌),MCF7(乳腺癌),A549(肺癌),MIAPACA-2(胰腺癌),CAPAN-1(胰腺癌),HT1080(纤维肉瘤)。
因此,本发明的病毒可能能够杀死两种或更多种细胞,例如3、4、5、6、7或更多种不同类型的肿瘤,例如两种或更多种,例如3、4、5、6、7或更多种实体瘤,包括但不限于结肠直肠肿瘤细胞,前列腺肿瘤细胞,乳腺肿瘤细胞,卵巢肿瘤细胞,黑素瘤细胞,鳞状细胞癌细胞,肺肿瘤细胞,胰腺肿瘤细胞,肉瘤细胞和/或或纤维肉瘤细胞。
可以通过任何合适的方法确定肿瘤细胞系杀伤。通常,首先从患者中分离样品,优选地,在HSV1的情况下,从唇疱疹中分离样品,用于感染BHK细胞或另一种合适的细胞系,例如vero细胞。通常通过感染后24-72小时(例如感染后48小时)存在细胞病变效应(CPE)来鉴定阳性样品,并通过例如免疫组织化学或PCR确认其为靶病毒种类。然后从阳性样品中产生病毒原种。通常测试来自病毒原种的样品,并与使用来自不同患者的拭子以相同方式产生的其他样品进行比较。可以通过确定在感染复数(MOI)范围内和感染后不同时间达到的CPE水平来进行测试。
例如,80%汇合的细胞系可以用病毒样品以MOI为1、0.1、0.01和0.001进行感染,并且板一式两份在37℃,5%CO2下孵育24和48小时,然后测定病毒细胞杀伤程度。这可以通过例如用戊二醛固定细胞并用标准方法用结晶紫染色来测定。然后可以通过标准方法评估细胞裂解水平,所述标准方法例如粗略观察、显微镜检查(细胞计数)和摄影。可以用在测定细胞杀伤之前孵育更短的时间段,例如8、12或16小时,或更长的时间段,例如72小时,或以如0.0001或更低的另外的MOI孵育的细胞,重复该方法。
还可以进行生长曲线实验以评估不同临床分离株在体外肿瘤细胞系中复制的能力。例如,80%汇合的细胞系可以用病毒样品以MOI为1、0.1、0.01和0.001进行感染,在37℃,5%CO2孵育,在感染后0、8、16、24和48小时,通常通过冷冻/解冻裂解细胞,然后测定病毒细胞杀伤的程度。这可以通过例如通过标准空斑测定评估病毒滴度来确定。
本发明的临床分离株可以比与其进行比较的其他临床分离株(优选相同的病毒种类的2、3、4、5或10或更多种其他临床分离株)更快速地和/或以更低的MOI杀死感染的肿瘤细胞系。与同本发明的临床分离株相比较的相同病毒种类的至少一种、优选2、3、4、5或10或更多种其他临床分离株以相同MOI和在相同时间点相比,本发明的临床分离株以特定MOI和在特定时间点通常杀死10%、25%或50%更大比例的存在的肿瘤细胞比例。本发明的临床分离株通常杀死相同或更大比例的肿瘤细胞,其MOI为用于比较的相同病毒种类的一种或多种、优选2、3、4、5、10或15或更多种其他临床分离株在相同时间点(通常在12、24和/或48小时)杀死相同比例的肿瘤细胞的MOI的一半或小于该MOI的一半。优选地,本发明的临床分离株通常杀死相同或更大比例的肿瘤细胞,其MOI比用于比较的相同病毒的一种或多种、优选2、3、4、5、10或15或更多种其他临床分离株在相同时间点(通常在12、24和/或48小时)杀死相同比例的肿瘤细胞的MOI低5倍或10倍。与用于比较的相同病毒种类的其他临床分离株的至少50%、75%或90%相比,通常实现本发明病毒的改善的肿瘤细胞杀伤能力。优选将病毒与至少4种其他病毒株进行比较,例如,与相同种类的7、9、19、39或49种其他病毒株进行比较。
分离的毒株可以分批测试,例如一次4-8个病毒株针对例如一次4-8个肿瘤细胞系测试。对于每批实验,对在该实验中比较的病毒,实现的杀伤程度针对每个细胞系排列为最佳(即每个时间点的最少存活细胞/MOI)至最差(即每个时间点的最多存活的细胞/MOI)。然后可以将来自每个实验的在所测试的肿瘤细胞系范围内表现最佳的病毒株(即,一致地被列为杀死细胞系的最佳之一)在使用其他临床分离株和/或在其他肿瘤细胞系的进一步实验中进行头对头比较,以鉴定所取样的全部病毒株(例如,>20个病毒株)中的最佳病毒株。整体排名最高的是本发明的病毒。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明的病毒是选自以下的毒株:
毒株RH018A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121904;
毒株RH004A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121902;
毒株RH031A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121907;
毒株RH040B,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121908;
毒株RH015A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121903;
毒株RH021A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121905;
毒株RH023A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121906;和
毒株RH047A具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121909。
更优选地,本发明的病毒是选自以下的毒株:
毒株RH018A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121904;
毒株RH004A,其具有临时保藏号为ECACC 16121902;
毒株RH031A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121907;
毒株RH040B,其具有临时保藏号为ECACC 16121908;和
毒株RH015A,其具有临时保藏号ECACC 16121903;
最优选地,本发明的病毒是保藏号为ECACC 16121904的毒株RH018A。
本发明的HSV能够选择性地在肿瘤(例如人肿瘤)中复制。通常,HSV在靶肿瘤中有效复制,但在非肿瘤组织中不能有效复制。该HSV可包含在一种或多种病毒基因中的一种或多种突变,所述突变抑制在正常组织中的复制但仍允许在肿瘤中复制。例如,突变可以是阻止HSV表达功能性ICP34.5、ICP6和/或胸苷激酶的突变。
在一个优选的实施方案中,突变ICP34.5编码基因以赋予HSV选择性的溶瘤活性。阻止功能性ICP34.5表达的ICP34.5编码基因的突变记载在Chou等人(1990)Science 250:1262-1266,Maclean等人(1991)J.Gen.Virol.72:631-639和Liu等人(2003)GeneTherapy10:292-303中,它们通过引用并入本文。也可以使ICP6编码基因和/或胸苷激酶编码基因失活,也可以使其他基因失活,条件是这种失活不会阻止病毒在肿瘤中感染或复制。
HSV可以含有另外的一种或多种增强HSV在肿瘤中复制的突变。由此导致的肿瘤中病毒复制的增强不仅导致病毒改善的直接“溶瘤”肿瘤细胞的杀伤,而且还提高了异源基因(即插入病毒的基因,在本发明的病毒的情况下,为编码GM-CSF和一种或多种免疫共刺激途径激活分子的基因)表达的水平,并增加肿瘤细胞死亡时释放的肿瘤抗原的量,这两者也可以改善治疗癌症的疗法的免疫原性。例如,在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,以使US11基因置于通常控制ICP47编码基因表达的立即早期启动子控制下的方式缺失ICP47编码基因导致在肿瘤中增强的复制(参见Liu等人,2003,其通过引用并入本文)。
也可以在本发明的病毒中引入使US11编码序列(其为HSV晚期基因)置于不依赖于病毒复制的启动子控制下的其他突变。此类突变允许在HSV复制发生之前表达US11并增强肿瘤中的病毒复制。特别地,此类突变增强了缺失功能性ICP34.5编码基因的HSV的复制。
因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明的HSV包含与启动子可操作地连接的US11基因,其中启动子的活性不依赖于病毒复制。启动子可以是立即早期(IE)启动子或是在哺乳动物(优选人)肿瘤细胞中有活性的非HSV启动子。启动子可以是,例如,真核启动子,例如衍生自哺乳动物(优选人)的基因组的启动子。启动子可以是普遍存在的启动子(例如β-肌动蛋白或微管蛋白的启动子)或细胞特异性启动子,例如肿瘤特异性启动子。启动子可以是病毒启动子,例如莫洛尼鼠白血病病毒长末端重复序列(MMLV LTR)启动子或人或小鼠巨细胞病毒(CMV)IE启动子。HSV立即早期(IE)启动子在本领域中是众所周知的。HSV IE启动子可以是驱动ICP0、ICP4、ICP22、ICP27或ICP47表达的启动子。
上述基因,其功能失活为病毒提供了肿瘤选择性的特性,可以通过任何合适的方法使其功能失活,例如通过缺失或取代所述基因和/或所述基因的控制序列的全部或部分、或通过将一个或多个核酸插入基所述因和/或所述基因的控制序列中或代替所述基因和/或所述基因的控制序列使所述基因功能失活。例如,本领域标准的同源重组方法可用于产生本发明的病毒。或者,可以使用基于细菌人工染色体(BAC)的方法。
如本文所用,术语“基因”意指编码蛋白质的核苷酸序列,即基因的编码序列。通过突变基因本身或基因侧翼的控制序列,例如启动子序列,可以使上述各种基因成为没有功能的。缺失可以去除基因的一个或多个部分、整个基因或整个基因以及所有或一些控制序列。例如,可以仅缺失基因内的一个核苷酸,导致移码。然而,可以进行更大的缺失,例如总编码和/或非编码序列的至少约25%,更优选至少约50%。在一个优选的实施方案中,缺失要被功能失活的基因。例如,可以从病毒中除去整个基因和任选的一些侧翼序列。当病毒基因组中存在两个或更多个基因拷贝时,使基因的两个拷贝都功能失活。
可以通过取代其他序列使基因失活,例如通过用异源基因和任选的启动子序列取代全部或部分内源基因使基因失活。在没有启动子序列被取代的情况下,可插入异源基因,使所述异源基因受失去功能的基因的启动子控制。在本发明的HSV中,优选通过在每个ICP34.5编码基因的基因座中插入一种或多种异源基因和与其可操作地连接的一种或多种启动子序列或任选的其他调节元件(如聚腺苷酸化序列)使ICP34.5编码基因失去功能。
本发明的病毒用于在肿瘤中表达GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子。这通常通过在具有选择性复制能力的病毒的基因组中插入编码GM-CSF的异源基因和编码免疫共刺激途径激活分子的异源基因来实现,其中每个基因在启动子序列的控制下。由于这种病毒的复制将选择性在肿瘤组织中地发生,因此与体内的非肿瘤组织相比,肿瘤组织中所述病毒的GM-CSF和免疫共刺激激活蛋白的表达也增强。与身体的其他组织相比,在肿瘤中发生表达更高的增强的表达。由溶瘤病毒表达的蛋白质也预期存在于溶瘤病毒感染的肿瘤引流淋巴结中,包括由于表达的蛋白质和病毒在来自肿瘤的抗原呈递细胞中和之上的运输。因此,本发明提供了选择性地在肿瘤和肿瘤引流淋巴结中表达GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子二者联合由溶瘤病毒复制提供的抗肿瘤作用的益处。
本发明的病毒包含GM-CSF。编码GM-CSF的基因的序列可以进行密码子优化,以便与使用未改变的序列相比,增加靶细胞中各蛋白质的表达水平。
本发明的病毒包含一种或多种免疫共刺激途径激活分子和/或编码免疫共刺激途径激活分子的一种或多种基因。免疫共刺激途径激活分子包括蛋白质和核酸分子(例如适配体序列)。免疫共刺激途径激活分子的实例包括CD40配体,GITR配体,4-1-BB配体,OX40配体,ICOS配体,flt3配体,TL1A,CD30配体,CD70和靶向这些分子(CD40,GITR,4-1-BB,OX40,ICOS,flt3,DR3,CD30,CD27)的各自受体的单链抗体。CD40L,GITRL,4-1-BBL,OX40L,ICOSL,ft3L,TL1A,CD30L或CD70L可以是其任何的修饰形式,例如可溶形式。
免疫共刺激途径的激活剂包括突变体或野生型、可溶性、分泌性和/或膜结合的配体,以及包括单链抗体的激动性抗体。本发明的病毒优选编码CD40L、ICOSL、4-1-BBL、GITRL或OX40L中的一种或多种。
共抑制途径的抑制剂可以是CTLA-4抑制剂。CTLA-4抑制剂通常是结合CTLA-4并减少或阻断通过CTLA-4的信号传导(例如通过减少经由B7的活化)的分子,例如肽或蛋白质。通过减少CTLA-4信号传导,该抑制剂减少或消除CTLA-4对免疫刺激途径的阻断。
CTLA-4抑制剂优选为抗体或其抗原结合片段。本文提及的术语“抗体”包括完整抗体和任何抗原结合片段(即“抗原结合部分”)或其单链。抗体是指包含通过二硫键相互连接的至少两条重(H)链和两条轻(κ)(L)链的糖蛋白,或其抗原结合部分。每条重链由重链可变区(本文中缩写为VH)和重链恒定区组成。每条轻链由轻链可变区(本文中缩写为VL)和轻链恒定区组成。重链和轻链的可变区含有与抗原相互作用的结合结构域。VH和VL区可以进一步细分为称为互补决定区(CDR)的高变区,散布有称为框架区(FR)的更保守的区域。抗体的恒定区可以介导免疫球蛋白与宿主组织或因子的结合,所述宿主组织或因子包括免疫系统的各种细胞(例如效应细胞)和经典补体系统的第一组分(Clq)。
抗体通常是单克隆抗体。抗体可以是嵌合抗体。抗体优选为人源化抗体,更优选为人抗体。
术语抗体的“抗原结合片段”是指抗体的一个或多个保留特异性结合CTLA-4的能力的片段。抗原结合片段还保留抑制CTLA-4的能力,从而减少或消除刺激性免疫应答的CTLA-4阻断。合适片段的实例包括Fab片段、F(ab')2片段、Fab'片段、Fd片段、Fv片段、dAb片段和分离的互补决定区(CDR)。单链抗体如scFv和重链抗体如VHH和骆驼抗体也包括在术语抗体的“抗原结合部分”内。在优选的实施方案中,抗体是scFv。合适的scFv分子的实例公开于例如WO2007/123737和WO2014/066532中,其通过引用并入本文。scFv可以由SEQ ID NO:34中所示的核苷酸序列、SEQ ID NO:35中所示的核苷酸序列编码。
本发明的病毒可以编码一种或多种免疫共刺激途径激活分子,优选1,2,3或4种免疫共刺激途径激活分子,更优选1或2种免疫共刺激途径激活分子。
例如,病毒可能包含编码下述的基因:
-CD40L和ICOSL,4-1-BBL,GITRL,OX40L和CTLA-4抑制剂中的一种或多种;
-ICOSL和CD40L,4-1-BBL,GITRL,OX40L和CTLA-4抑制剂中的一种或多种;
-4-1-BBL和CD40L,ICOSL,GITRL,OX40L和CTLA-4抑制剂中的一种或多种;
-GITRL和CD40L,ICOSL,4-1-BBL,OX40L和CTLA-4抑制剂中的一种或多种;
-OX40L和CD40L,ICOSL,4-1-BBL,GITRL和CTLA-4抑制剂中的一种或多种;
-CTLA-4抑制剂和CD40L,ICOSL,4-1-BBL,GITRL和OX40L中的一种或多种。
编码免疫共刺激激活分子的基因的序列可以进行密码子优化,以便与使用未改变的序列相比,增加靶细胞中相应蛋白质的表达水平。
除GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子外,本发明的病毒可包含一种或多种其他异源基因,在优选的实施方案中,包括促融合蛋白如GALVR-。
促融合蛋白可以是能够促进被本发明病毒感染的细胞与另一细胞融合的任何异源蛋白。促融合蛋白,优选野生型或修饰的病毒糖蛋白(即经过修饰以增加其促融合特性)是能够诱导在其中表达所述促融合蛋白的细胞中细胞与细胞融合(合胞体形成)的蛋白质。融合糖蛋白的实例包括VSV-G,合胞蛋白(syncitin)-1(来自人内源性逆转录病毒-W(HERV-W))或合胞蛋白-2(来自HERVFRDE1),副粘病毒SV5-F,麻疹病毒-H,麻疹病毒-F,RSV-F,来自逆转录病毒或慢病毒(例如长臂猿白血病病毒(GALV)、鼠白血病病毒(MLV)、Mason-Pfizer猴病毒(MPMV)和马传染性贫血病毒(EIAV))的糖蛋白,其中R跨膜肽被去除(R-版本)。在优选的实施方案中,促融合蛋白来自GALV并且去除了R-肽(GALV-R-)。
本发明的病毒可任选地包含多个拷贝,优选1或2个拷贝的促融合蛋白编码基因。病毒可包含两种或更多种不同的促融合蛋白,包括上文列出的任何促融合蛋白。
任选由本发明的病毒表达的一种或多种促融合蛋白可以与天然存在的蛋白质相同,或者可以是修饰的蛋白质。
促融合蛋白编码基因(促融合基因)可以具有天然存在的核酸序列或修饰的序列。例如,可以修饰促融合基因的序列以增加所编码的蛋白质的促融合特性,或提供密码子优化并因此提高所编码的蛋白质的表达效率。
本发明还提供了一种病毒,如痘病毒或HSV,优选HSV1,其表达至少三种异源基因,其中三种异源基因中的每一种均由选自CMV启动子、RSV启动子、EF1a启动子、SV40启动子和逆转录病毒LTR启动子的不同启动子驱动。例如,病毒可以表达四种异源基因,其中四种异源基因中的每一种都由选自CMV启动子、RSV启动子、EF1a启动子、SV40启动子和逆转录病毒LTR启动子的不同启动子驱动。逆转录病毒LTR优选来自MMLV(SEQ ID NO:43),也称为MoMuLV。异源基因可以通过多腺苷酸化序列终止。多腺苷酸化序列可以相同或不同。优选地,每个异源基因由不同的多腺苷酸化序列终止,所述多腺苷酸化序列优选选自BGH、SV40、HGH和RBG多腺苷酸化序列。
本发明还提供了一种病毒,如痘病毒或HSV,优选HSV1,其表达至少三种异源基因,其中三种异源基因中的每一种都被选自BGH、SV40、HGH和RBG多聚腺苷酸化序列的不同多聚腺苷酸化序列终止。例如,病毒可以表达分别由BGH、SV40、HGH和RBG多聚腺苷酸化序列中的每一个终止的四个异源基因。
生产病毒
使用本领域熟知的方法构建本发明的病毒。例如,编码待包装的病毒基因组的质粒(用于较小的病毒和单个和多个基因组组分RNA病毒)或BAC(用于较大的DNA病毒,包括疱疹病毒),包括在适当的调节控制下编码促融合和免疫刺激分子的基因,可以通过标准分子生物学技术构建并转染到可以回收重组病毒的允许细胞中。
或者,在一个优选的实施方案中,可构建含有位于预期插入位点侧翼的DNA区域的质粒,然后与病毒基因组DNA共转染到允许的细胞中,从而发生在质粒中靶向插入位点侧翼区域与亲本病毒相同区域之间的同源重组。然后可以通过丢失或添加由用于修饰的质粒插入或缺失的功能来选择和纯化重组病毒,例如,在亲本病毒预期的插入位点插入或缺失标记基因如GFP或lacZ。在最优选的实施方案中,插入位点是HSV的ICP34.5基因座,因此用于操作的质粒含有位于该插入位点侧翼的HSV序列,其间是编码GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子的表达盒。在这种情况下,亲本病毒可以含有编码GFP的盒代替ICP34.5,并且通过丧失GFP的表达来选择重组病毒空斑。在最优选的实施方案中,HSV的US11基因也表达为IE基因。这可以通过缺失ICP47编码区域或通过其他方式来实现。
将GM-CSF编码序列和免疫共刺激途径激活分子编码序列插入病毒基因组中处在适当的调节控制下。根据种类和插入位点,这可以在所用的本发明病毒种类的天然启动子的调节控制之下,或者优选在异源启动子的控制下。合适的异源启动子包括哺乳动物启动子,例如IEF2a启动子或肌动蛋白启动子。更优选的是强病毒启动子,例如CMV IE启动子,RSV LTR,MMLV LTR,其他逆转录病毒LTR启动子,或衍生自SV40的启动子。优选地,每个外源基因(例如编码GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子)将处在单独的启动子控制下,但也可以从单个RNA转录物表达,例如通过在蛋白质编码序列之间插入内部核糖体进入位点(IRES)。来自每个启动子的RNA通常使用多腺苷酸化序列(例如哺乳动物序列,例如牛生长激素(BGH)poly A序列,合成的多腺苷酸化序列,兔β珠蛋白聚腺苷酸化序列,或病毒序列,例如SV40早期或晚期多腺苷酸化序列)终止。
药物组合物
本发明提供了包含病毒和药学上可接受的运载体或稀释剂的药物组合物。合适的运载体和稀释剂包括等渗盐水溶液,例如磷酸盐缓冲盐水。该组合物可以进一步包含其他成分,例如糖或蛋白质,以改善诸如产品稳定性的性质。或者,可以使用冻干制剂,其在使用前在药学上可接受的运载体或稀释剂中重构。
如果需要,运载体的选择通常是组合物递送途径的函数。在本发明中,可以配制组合物用于任何合适的给药途径和方式。药学上可接受的运载体或稀释剂是用于适合于肿瘤内给药、静脉内/动脉内给药、施用到脑内或施用到体腔内(例如膀胱、胸膜腔或通过腹膜内给药)的组合物中的那些。组合物可以以任何合适的形式给药,优选以液体形式给药。
本发明还提供了在无菌小瓶、安瓿或注射器中包含本发明的病毒的制品。
医药用途/治疗方法
本发明提供了本发明的病毒,其用于通过疗法治疗人体或动物体,特别是用于治疗癌症的方法。癌症通常在哺乳动物中,优选在人中。该病毒通过裂解和使受感染的肿瘤细胞彼此融合来杀死受感染的肿瘤细胞。本发明的病毒还引发全身性抗肿瘤免疫应答,通过GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子的表达而增强,所述全身性抗肿瘤免疫应答也杀死癌细胞。
本发明还提供了治疗癌症的方法,该方法包括将治疗有效量的本发明的病毒施用给有需要的个体。
本发明另外提供了本发明的病毒在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途。
本发明的病毒特别适用于治疗任何实体瘤,包括任何腺癌,癌,黑素瘤或肉瘤。例如,本发明的病毒可用于治疗头颈癌,前列腺癌,乳腺癌,卵巢癌,肺癌,肝癌,子宫内膜癌,膀胱癌,胆囊癌,胰腺癌,结肠癌,肾癌,胃/胃癌,食道癌或宫颈癌,间皮瘤,黑色素瘤或其他皮肤癌,淋巴瘤,神经胶质瘤或其他神经系统癌症,或肉瘤如软组织肉瘤。
本发明的病毒可用于治疗恶性肿瘤,包括已从原始肿瘤部位转移的肿瘤。在该实施方案中,病毒可以施用于原发性肿瘤或一种或多种继发性肿瘤。
本发明的病毒可以与其他治疗剂组合施用,包括化学疗法,靶向疗法,免疫疗法(包括免疫检查点阻断,即施用免疫共抑制途径的一种或多种拮抗剂和/或免疫共刺激途径的一种或多种激动剂)和/或与放射疗法组合和/或与这些中的任意组合组合。治疗剂优选为抗癌剂。
本发明的病毒可以与第二种病毒组合施用,例如与第二种溶瘤病毒组合施用。
例如,治疗剂可以包含免疫原(包括重组或天然存在的抗原,包括这样的抗原或以编码其的DNA或RNA递送的抗原组合),以进一步刺激针对肿瘤细胞(特别是肿瘤新生抗原)的免疫应答,例如细胞或体液免疫应答。治疗剂可以是旨在增加或增强免疫应答的药剂,例如细胞因子,旨在抑制免疫检查点途径或刺激免疫增强途径的药剂或抑制调节性T细胞(Tregs)活性的药剂或骨髓来源的抑制细胞(MDSCs)。
治疗剂可以是已知用于现有癌症治疗处理的药剂。治疗剂可以是放射疗法或化学治疗剂。治疗剂可选自环磷酰胺,烷化样药剂如顺铂或美法仑,植物生物碱和萜类化合物如长春新碱或紫杉醇(Taxol),抗代谢物如5-氟尿嘧啶,拓扑异构酶抑制剂I型或II型如喜树碱或多柔比星,细胞毒性抗生素如放线菌素,蒽环霉素如表柔比星,糖皮质激素如曲安西龙,蛋白质、DNA和/或RNA合成的抑制剂如甲氨蝶呤和达卡巴辛,组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDAC)抑制剂或任何其他化学治疗剂。
治疗剂可以是下述的一种或其组合:免疫治疗剂或免疫调节剂,例如TLR激动剂;下调T-调节细胞的药物,如环磷酰胺;或旨在阻断免疫检查点或刺激免疫增强途径的药剂,包括但不限于单克隆抗体,如CTLA-4抑制剂,PD-1抑制剂,PD-L1抑制剂,LAG-3抑制剂,TIM-3抑制剂,VISTA抑制剂,CSF1R抑制剂,IDO抑制剂,CEACAM1抑制剂,GITR激动剂,4-1-BB激动剂,KIR抑制剂,SLAMF7抑制剂,OX40激动剂,CD40激动剂,ICOS激动剂或CD47抑制剂。在一个优选的实施方案中,治疗剂是CTLA-4抑制剂,例如抗-CTLA-4抗体,PD1抑制剂,例如抗PD-1抗体或PD-L1抑制剂,例如抗PD-L1抗体。可以通过本领域已知的标准方法产生和测试这些抑制剂、激动剂和抗体。
免疫治疗剂还可包括双特异性抗体,基于细胞的疗法,所述基于细胞的疗法基于树突细胞、NK细胞或工程化T细胞,例如CAR-T细胞或表达工程化T细胞受体的T细胞。免疫治疗剂还包括靶向肿瘤中发生的特定基因突变的药剂,旨在诱导针对特定肿瘤抗原或肿瘤抗原(包括新生抗原)的组合的免疫应答的药剂和/或旨在激活STING/cGAS途径、TLR或其他先天免疫应答和/或炎症途径的药剂,包括肿瘤内药物。
例如,可以使用本发明的病毒:与达卡巴嗪,BRAF抑制剂和/或CTLA-4,PD1或PD-L1阻断联合以治疗黑素瘤;与紫杉醇,多柔比星,长春瑞滨,环磷酰胺和/或吉西他滨联合治疗乳腺癌;与5-氟尿嘧啶和任选的甲酰四氢叶酸,伊立替康和/或奥沙利铂联合治疗结肠直肠癌;与紫杉醇,卡铂,长春瑞滨和/或吉西他滨,PD-1或PD-L1阻断联合治疗肺癌;与顺铂和/或放射疗法联合治疗头颈癌。
治疗剂可以是吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)途径的抑制剂。IDO抑制剂的实例包括epacadostat(INCB024360),1-甲基-色氨酸,Indoximod(1-甲基-D-色氨酸),GDC-0919或F001287。
IDO在抑制抗肿瘤免疫应答中的作用机制也可以抑制溶瘤病毒治疗后产生的免疫应答。IDO表达由toll样受体(TLR)激活和干扰素-γ诱导,这两者都可能由溶瘤病毒感染引起。用于癌症治疗的溶瘤病毒疗法的一个实施方案包括溶瘤病毒与IDO途径的抑制剂和任选的免疫共抑制途径的一种或多种拮抗剂和/或免疫共刺激途径的一种或多种激动剂(包括靶向CTLA-4、PD-1和/或PD-L1的那些)的组合,所述溶瘤病毒包括表达GM-CSF和一种或多种免疫共刺激途径激活分子的病毒。
本发明还提供了一种治疗癌症的方法,该方法包括对需要其的患者施用治疗有效量的溶瘤病毒、吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)途径的抑制剂和免疫共抑制途径的另一种拮抗剂、和/或免疫共刺激途径的激动剂。
溶瘤病毒优选是经修饰的临床分离株。溶瘤病毒优选为痘病毒,更优选为HSV,例如HSV1和/或使ICP34.5和/或ICP47功能失活的HSV。
溶瘤病毒可以表达免疫刺激分子,例如GM-CSF和/或共刺激途径编码分子,例如CD40L,GITRL,OX40L,4-I-BBL或ICO5L,和/或CTLA-4的抑制剂,和/或促融合蛋白,例如GALV促融合糖蛋白,其中R序列突变或缺失。
免疫共抑制途径的进一步拮抗剂优选是CTLA-4的拮抗剂,PD1的拮抗剂或PD-L1的拮抗剂。例如,免疫共抑制途径的进一步拮抗剂可以是PD1和PD-L1之间相互作用的抑制剂。
当治疗剂和/或放射疗法与本发明的病毒结合使用时,病毒和治疗剂和/或放射疗法的施用可以是同时的或者在时间上分开。本发明的组合物可以在治疗剂或放射疗法之前、同时或之后施用。治疗癌症的方法可包括多次施用本发明的病毒和/或治疗剂和/或放射疗法。在优选的实施方案中,在与免疫检查点阻断或其他免疫增强剂组合的情况下,本发明的病毒在同时施用免疫检查点阻断或一种或多种其他免疫增强剂之前施用一次或多次,或者在不预先施用本发明的病毒的情况下,与免疫检查点阻断或一种或多种其他免疫增强剂的施用同时进行。
可以通过任何合适的途径将本发明的病毒施用于受试者。通常,通过直接肿瘤内注射施用本发明的病毒。肿瘤内注射包括直接注射到浅表皮肤,皮下或淋巴结肿瘤,以及成像引导(包括CT,MRI或超声)注射到更深或更难定位沉积物处,包括内脏器官和其他地方。可以将病毒施用到体腔中,例如施用到胸膜腔、膀胱中或通过腹膜内施用。可以将病毒注射到血管中,优选地是供应肿瘤的血管。
可以与本发明的病毒组合的治疗剂可以使用各种已知的途径和技术在体内施用给人或动物受试者。例如,组合物可以作为可注射溶液,悬浮液或乳液提供,并使用常规针头和注射器或使用液体喷射注射系统通过肠胃外、皮下、口腔、表皮、皮内、肌肉内、动脉内、腹膜内、静脉内注射施用。组合物可局部施用至皮肤或粘膜组织,例如鼻腔,气管内,肠内,舌下,直肠或阴道施用,或以适于呼吸或肺部给药的细碎喷雾形式提供。在优选的实施方案中,组合物通过静脉内输注、口服或直接施用于肿瘤。
病毒和/或治疗剂可以以与治疗有效的剂量组合物相容的量施用于受试者。施用本发明的病毒是为了“治疗”目的。如本文所用,术语“治疗性”或“治疗”包括以下任何一种或多种作为其目的:预防任何转移或进一步发生转移;减少或消除症状;减少或完全消除肿瘤或癌症,增加患者癌症进展的时间;治疗后复发时间增加;或者增加生存时间。
治疗性治疗可以给予I、II、III或IV期癌症,优选II、III或IV期,更优选III期或IV期,手术前或手术后干预(即手术后肿瘤复发或不完全切除),优选在任何外科手术干预之前(用于切除原发性或复发性/转移性疾病),或在手术后复发后或在不完全手术切除疾病之后(即存在残留肿瘤时)。
在将病毒组合物直接注射到靶组织(可以是肿瘤)、体腔或血管内之后,可以进行治疗性治疗。作为指导,在HSV的情况下施用的病毒量为104至1010pfu,优选105至109pfu。在HSV的情况下,可以向患者给予初始较低剂量(例如104至107pfu),以使针对HSV为血清阴性的患者血清转化并且在血清阳性患者中增强免疫力,然后在之后给予更高剂量(例如,106到109pfu)。通常,高达20ml的基本上由病毒和药学上可接受的合适的运载体或稀释剂组成的药物组合物可以用于直接注射到肿瘤中,或者最多50ml用于施用到体腔中(在施用之前,可以进行进一步稀释到适当的稀释剂中)或进入血流中。然而,对于一些溶瘤治疗应用,也可以使用更大或更小的体积,这取决于肿瘤和给药途径和部位。
所描述的给药途径和剂量仅作为指导,因为熟练的从业者将能够容易地确定最佳给药途径和剂量。剂量可根据各种参数确定,尤其是根据肿瘤的位置,肿瘤的大小,待治疗患者的年龄、体重和状况以及给药途径。优选地,通过直接注射到肿瘤中或体腔中来施用病毒。病毒还可以通过注射到血管来施用。最佳给药途径取决于肿瘤的位置和大小。可能需要多个剂量以实现免疫学或临床效果,如果需要,通常间隔2天至12周,优选间隔3天至3周。可以给予长达5年或更长的重复剂量,优选长达一个月至两年,取决于所治疗的肿瘤类型的响应速度和特定患者的响应,以及可能也是任何组合疗法。
以下实施例举例说明了本发明。
实施例1.构建本发明的病毒
用于举例说明本发明的病毒种类是HSV,特别是HSV1。用于示例的HSV1毒株通过比较20多种HSV1的原代临床分离株来鉴定它们杀死一组人肿瘤衍生细胞系的能力并选择具有快速地以低剂量杀灭广泛范围的这些细胞系的最大能力的病毒株。用于该比较的肿瘤细胞系包括U87MG(神经胶质瘤),HT29(结肠直肠癌),LNCaP(前列腺癌),MDA-MB-231(乳腺癌),SK-MEL-28(黑素瘤),Fadu(鳞状细胞癌),MCF7(乳腺癌),A549(肺癌),MIAPACA-2(胰腺癌),CAPAN-1(胰腺癌),和/或HT1080(纤维肉瘤)。
具体地,将HSV的每个原代临床分离株以例如1、0.1、0.01和0.001的MOI滴定到用于筛选的每个细胞系,并在每个剂量的24和48小时的时间点评估细胞死亡的程度。可以通过例如微观评估每个时间点存活细胞的比例或者例如代谢测定例如MTT测定来评估细胞杀伤的程度。
然后通过使用与含有HSV1核苷酸145300至145582(在其之间是编码的GFP)的侧翼区域的质粒(HSV1核苷酸145300至145582是待删除的序列;HSV1毒株17序列参见Genbank文件NC_001806.2)的同源重组从病毒基因组中删除ICP47构建本发明的示例性病毒。选择表达GFP的病毒空斑,然后通过与空的侧翼区域同源重组除去GFP,并选择不表达GFP的空斑。这产生ICP47缺失的病毒,其中US11表达为IE蛋白,因为它现在处于ICP47启动子的控制下。然后通过使用与含有HSV1核苷酸124953至125727(在其之间是编码的GFP)的侧翼区域的质粒(HSV1核苷酸124953至125727是待缺失的序列;HSV1毒株17序列参见Genbank文件NC_001806.2)进行同源重组来删除ICP34.5。再次选择表达GFP的病毒空斑,然后通过与相同侧翼区域的同源重组除去GFP,但其间现在是包含由CMV、RSV和SV40启动子驱动的密码子优化形式的小鼠GM-CSF序列、密码子优化形式的GALV R-序列和密码子优化形式的小鼠可溶性多聚体CD40L的表达盒。选择不表达GFP的空斑。
所得病毒的结构如图1所示。mGM-CSF,CD40L和GALV-R-序列分别显示于SEQ IDNOs 2、14和8中。通过限制性消化和Southern印迹确认所得病毒的结构,通过ELISA确认GM-CSF和CD40L表达,并通过感染人HT1080肿瘤细胞和观察到合胞体斑块来确认GALV-R-表达。
还使用类似的程序构建病毒,所述程序仅插入GALVR-或小鼠GM-CSF和GALV-R-的基因,但没有CD40L。这些病毒的结构也显示在图1中。
对于人类使用,使用hGM-CSF和hCD40L,其密码子优化形式的序列显示在SEQ IDNO 4和13中。
实施例2.来自溶瘤病毒的GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子在小鼠肿瘤模型中的组合表达的影响
GALV R-蛋白在人细胞中导致细胞与细胞融合,但在小鼠细胞中不导致此,因为发生细胞融合所需的PiT-1受体在小鼠中具有不允许细胞融合发生的序列。结果,首先使用本领域标准方法制备表达人PiT-1的小鼠肿瘤细胞。将人PiT-1克隆到也包含选择标记基因的慢病毒载体中。将载体转染到靶CT26小鼠结肠直肠癌肿瘤细胞中,选择对选择标记具有抗性的克隆以产生CT26/PiT-1细胞。通过蛋白质印迹在未转染的细胞和用表达PiT-1的慢病毒转染的细胞中以及通过转染表达GALV-R-的质粒并确认细胞融合发生来证实PiT-1表达。
通过将CT26/PiT-1细胞施用到Balb/c小鼠的两侧腹部并允许CT26/PiT-1肿瘤生长至直径约0.5cm来证明本发明的效用。
然后对小鼠组(每组5只)进行以下治疗,只对每只小鼠的一侧腹部进行,每周3次,持续两周:
-50μl生理盐水(1组);
-50μl 105pfu/ml、106pfu/ml或107pfu/ml仅插入GALVR-的HSV(3组);
-50μl 105pfu/ml、106pfu/ml或107pfu/ml仅插入GALVR-和小鼠GM-CSF的HSV(3组);
-50μl 105pfu/ml、106pfu/ml或107pfu/ml插入GALVR-和小鼠GM-CSF和CD40L的病毒(3组)。
然后观察对肿瘤生长的影响长达一个月。与其他组相比,施用表达GM-CSF和CD40L的病毒在注射和未注射的肿瘤中均观察到优异的肿瘤控制和收缩,包括通过改善的剂量响应曲线所观察到的。
实施例3.来自溶瘤病毒的GM-CSF和免疫共刺激途径激活分子的组合表达对小鼠肿瘤模型中免疫检查点阻断的治疗效果的影响
重复上述实施例2中的实验,但是通过腹膜内途径每两周给小鼠另外给予针对小鼠PD-1的抗体(10mg/kg;Bioxcell RMP-1-14,与病毒给药同一天)或靶向小鼠CTLA-4的抗体(10mg/kg;Bioxcell 9H10,与病毒给药同一天)。增加未接受抗体治疗的另外一组小鼠。更具体地,小鼠组接受:(1)盐水,(2)如实施例2中插入GALVR-的HSV,(3)如实施例2中插入GM-CSF和GALV-R-的HSV,(4)如实施例2中插入GM-CSF、CD40L和GALV-R-的HSV,(5)PD-1抗体,(6)CTLA-4抗体,(7)插入GALV-R-的HSV加PD-1抗体,(8)具有GALV-R-插入基因的HSV与加CTLA-4抗体,(9)具有GM-CSF和GALV-R-的HSV和PD-1抗体或(10)具有GM-CSF和GALV-R-的HSV和CTLA-4抗体,(11)具有GM-CSF、CD40L和GALV-R-的HSV和PD-1抗体或(12)具有GM-CSF,CD40L和GALV-R-的HSV和CTLA-4抗体。与其他组相比,使用表达GM-CSF和CD40L的病毒以及抗PD-1抗体或抗-CTLA-4抗体在注射的和未注射的肿瘤中均观察到优异的肿瘤控制和收缩,包括通过改善的剂量响应曲线所观察到的。
实施例4.临床分离株的采集
用于举例说明本发明的病毒种类是HSV,特别是HSV1。为了举例说明本发明,招募了181名患有复发性唇疱疹的志愿者。这些志愿者被给予样品采集试剂盒(包括SigmaVirovult采集管),并且当唇疱疹出现时用它们擦拭唇疱疹,随后将这些样品运送到Replimune,Oxford UK。从2015年6月至2016年2月,收到了来自72名志愿者的拭子。每个拭子的样品用于感染BHK细胞。在铺板并在BHK细胞上生长后,从这些中回收到36个活病毒样品。这些样品详见表1。
表1:经测试的拭子样品和结果的详细信息
名称A、B、C等表示来自同一志愿者的多个拭子。
实施例5.具有改善的抗肿瘤作用的临床分离株的鉴定
测试了HSV1的原代临床分离株杀死一组人肿瘤来源的细胞系的能力。用于该比较的肿瘤细胞系是HT29(结肠直肠癌),MDA-MB-231(乳腺癌),SK-MEL-28(黑素瘤),Fadu(鳞状细胞癌),MCF7(乳腺癌),A549(肺癌),MIAPACA-2(胰腺癌)和HT1080(纤维肉瘤)。细胞系用于测试每种原代临床分离株以一系列的MOI和感染后的时间达到的CPE水平。
同时使用5至8个新病毒株平行地进行实验。将病毒株以一系列MOI(0.001-1)一式两份铺板,并在感染后24和48小时评估结晶紫染色后的CPE程度。对杀死肿瘤细胞系最有效的病毒株进行评分,并且在进一步的实验中鉴定并平行比较来自5-8个毒株的每次筛选的最有效的两个或三个毒株,以鉴定用于进一步开发的最强毒株。
初始筛选证明了不同毒株杀死不同肿瘤细胞系的能力的显著可变性。在最初测试的29个毒株中,在初始筛选中鉴定了8个感兴趣的毒株用于进一步比较。它们是毒株RH004A,RH015A,RH018A,RH021A,RH023A,RH31A,RH040A和RH047A。
在肿瘤细胞系组中平行测试用于进一步比较的8个毒株,并且在结晶紫染色和观察CPE后评估它们杀死这些肿瘤细胞系的相对能力。图3显示了这些病毒中每种病毒针对每种细胞系的代表性时间点和MOI,证明了观察到的病毒杀死靶肿瘤细胞系的差异能力。
毒株之间存在显著差异,并且发现虽然特定毒株可能在杀死一种细胞系方面特别有效,但它对杀死其他细胞系也不一定特别有效,进一步证明了HSV的临床株杀死不同类型的肿瘤细胞的能力的可变性程度。
图3还表明哪种病毒株在杀死每种细胞系中是最佳和次佳的,使得病毒株能够按其杀死整个细胞系组的整体相对能力排序。该分析表明毒株RH004A,RH015A,RH018A,RH031A和RH040A比其他毒株相对更有效,并且选择这五种毒株用于作为溶瘤剂的潜在的进一步开发。在这前五种毒株中,基于它们杀死一组细胞系的能力的相对等级顺序是RH018A>RH004A>RH031A>RH040A>RH015A。
更具体地,在这些实验中,肿瘤细胞系用于接种多孔组织培养板,使得它们在感染当天约80%汇合。来自每个肿瘤细胞系的代表性孔用胰蛋白酶消化并测定孔中的细胞数。这些细胞计数用于确定给出MOI为1、0.1、0.01和0.001所需的每种临床分离株的体积。以这些MOI,用临床分离株感染单独孔中的肿瘤细胞系。所有感染均一式四份进行。将一式两个孔孵育24小时,一式两个孔孵育48小时,均在37℃,5%CO2下孵育,然后用戊二醛固定细胞并用结晶紫染色。然后通过粗略观察、显微镜检查(细胞计数)和摄影评估细胞裂解水平。
将毒株RH018A(在所有测试毒株中排名第一)与筛选的“平均”毒株(即毒株不在前8位,但也不在杀灭肿瘤细胞系组的效果最差的毒株组中)进行比较。该比较显示毒株RH018A在杀死肿瘤细胞系时比该平均毒株(毒株RH065A)约10倍更有效(即杀死等量细胞需要的毒株RH018A比所需的毒株RH065A少约10倍)。这显示在图3中。
实施例6.临床分离株的修饰
在该实施例中,修饰实施例5中选择的临床分离株,通过使用与含有ICP34.5编码基因的侧翼区域(其间是编码的GFP和GALV-R-促融合糖蛋白)(核苷酸143680-145300和145,582-147,083;HSV1毒株17序列参见Genbank文件NC_001806.2)的质粒的同源重组,从病毒基因组中删除ICP34.5进行。该病毒(病毒10)的结构如图4所示。
还构建了基于毒株RH018A的其他病毒,其中ICP34.5和ICP47(使用含有核苷酸123464-124953和125727-126781的侧翼区域;HSV1毒株17序列参见Genbank文件NC_001806.2)均缺失(导致US11置于ICP47启动子的控制下)。为了构建这些病毒,首先选择表达GFP的病毒空斑,其中表达的GFP代替ICP47。然后通过与空侧翼区域的同源重组除去GFP,并选择不表达GFP的空斑。这导致ICP47缺失的病毒,其中US11表达为IE蛋白,因为它现在处于ICP47启动子的控制下。然后使用与含有HSV1核苷酸(143680-145300和145,582-147,083;HSV1毒株17序列参见Genbank文件NC_001806.2)的侧翼区域(其之间是编码的GFP)的质粒进行同源重组来缺失ICP34.5。再次选择表达GFP的病毒空斑,然后通过与相同侧翼区域(但现在其之间是包含待插入基因的表达盒)的同源重组除去GFP。构建的病毒显示在图1、4和5中。这些包括分别由CMV IE启动子和RSV启动子驱动的密码子优化形式的小鼠GM-CSF序列和密码子优化形式的GALV R-序列,其处于背靠背方向,以及再次选择不表达GFP的病毒空斑。使用本领域标准的方法进行该病毒构建。
mGM-CSF和GALV-R-序列分别显示于SEQ ID NO 2和8中。通过PCR确认所得病毒的结构,通过ELISA确认GM-CSF表达,并通过感染人HT1080肿瘤细胞和观察到合胞体斑块来确认GALV-R-表达。
对于人类使用,使用hGM-CSF,其密码子优化形式的序列显示在SEQ ID NO 4中。该病毒的结构如图4所示。来自病毒16、17和19的小鼠或人GM-CSF的表达示于图6中。
实施例7.与不表达促融合糖蛋白的病毒相比,经修饰用于溶瘤使用并表达促融合糖蛋白的本发明的病毒在体外显示出增强的肿瘤细胞杀伤作用
基于临床毒株RH018A的病毒10(参见图4)(其中ICP34.5缺失并且表达GALVR-和GFP)在体外与仅表达GFP的病毒(病毒12)进行比较。与病毒12相比,病毒10在一组人肿瘤细胞系中显示出增强的杀伤,如图7所示。
实施例8.与不是本发明的经类似修饰的病毒相比,经修饰用于溶瘤使用的本发明的病毒显示出增强的肿瘤细胞杀伤
基于临床毒株RH018A的病毒17(参见图4)(其中ICP34.5和ICP47缺失并且表达GALVR-和GM-CSF)在体外与已知的病毒(该病毒也缺失ICP34.5和ICP47,但它不是来源于本发明的毒株并且仅表达GM-CSF)进行比较。与先前的病毒相比,病毒17在一组人肿瘤细胞系中显示出增强的杀伤,如图8所示。
实施例9.经修饰用于溶瘤使用的本发明的病毒在体内有效地治疗小鼠肿瘤
在左侧和右侧腹部携带A20淋巴瘤肿瘤的小鼠中测试病毒16。首先将100万个肿瘤细胞植入Balb/c小鼠的两侧腹部,使肿瘤直径增大至0.5-0.7cm。然后将右侧腹部的肿瘤用媒介物(10只小鼠)或5×10exp6pfu的病毒16(10只小鼠)注射3次(每隔一天),并观察对肿瘤大小的影响,持续另外30天。这证明,注射和未注射的肿瘤均得到病毒16的有效治疗(参见图9)。
实施例10.来自本发明的溶瘤病毒的促融合蛋白和免疫刺激分子在大鼠肿瘤模型中的组合表达的影响
GALV R-蛋白导致人细胞中的细胞与细胞融合,但在小鼠细胞中不能这样。然而,GALV R-确实引起大鼠细胞融合。
通过将9L细胞施用到Fischer 344大鼠的侧腹并使9L肿瘤生长至直径约0.5cm,进一步证明了本发明的效用。
然后对大鼠组(每组10只)进行以下治疗,只对每只大鼠的一侧腹部进行,每周3次,持续三周:
-50μl媒介物;
-50μl 107pfu/ml病毒19(表达mGM-CSF但不表达GALV R-);
-50μl 107pfu/ml病毒16(表达小鼠GM-CSF和GALV-R-二者)。
然后观察对肿瘤生长的影响,进行另外≈30天。这表明使用表达GALV-R-的病毒在注射和未注射的肿瘤中具有优异的肿瘤控制和收缩,证明了改善的系统效应。这显示在图15中。图10显示与不表达GALV的病毒(病毒24)相比,表达GALV的病毒(病毒15)在体外也显示出增强的大鼠9l细胞杀伤。
实施例11.在小鼠肿瘤模型中,经修饰用于溶瘤使用的本发明的病毒与免疫检查点阻断是协同的
在左侧和右侧腹部携带CT26肿瘤的小鼠中测试病毒16。首先将100万个肿瘤细胞植入Balb/c小鼠的两侧腹部,并使肿瘤生长至直径0.5-0.6cm。
然后用以下物质处理10只小鼠的组:
-媒介物(每隔一天向右侧腹部肿瘤注射3次);
-每隔一天在右侧肿瘤中注射5x10exp6pfu的病毒16;
-单独的抗小鼠PD1(每3天腹膜内10mg/kg,BioXCell克隆RMP1-14);
-抗小鼠CTLA-4(每3天腹膜内3mg/Kg,BioXCell克隆9D9);
-抗小鼠PD1和病毒16;
-抗小鼠CTLA4和病毒16;
-1-甲基色氨酸(IDO抑制剂(饮用水中5mg/ml));
-抗小鼠PD1和1-甲基色氨酸;
-抗小鼠PD1与1-甲基色氨酸和病毒16;
观察对肿瘤大小的影响,进行另外30天。与用单一治疗组治疗的动物相比,用病毒和检查点阻断组合治疗的动物的肿瘤减小更多(见图11)。与仅与抗PD1一起的病毒16相比,还证实了病毒16与抗PD1和IDO抑制一起的增强的肿瘤减小(参见图11)。
在A20肿瘤中也观察到病毒16与免疫检查点阻断组合的增强活性(图12)。
实施例12.来自本发明的溶瘤病毒的促融合蛋白在免疫缺陷小鼠的人异种移植模型中的表达的影响
GALV R-蛋白导致人细胞中的细胞与细胞融合,但在小鼠细胞中不能如此。然而,在免疫缺陷小鼠中生长的人异种移植肿瘤可用于评估GALV表达对抗肿瘤功效的影响。
因此,通过将A549人肺癌细胞施用到裸鼠的侧腹并使肿瘤生长至直径约0.5cm,进一步证明了本发明的效用。
然后对一组小鼠(每组10只)进行以下治疗,对每只小鼠的含肿瘤侧腹部进行,在一周进行3次:
-50μl媒介物;
-50μl 107pfu/ml病毒16(表达小鼠GM-CSF和GALV-R-二者);
-50μl 106pfu/ml病毒16;
-50μl 105pfu/ml病毒16;
-50μl 107pfu/ml病毒19(仅表达小鼠GM-CSF);
-50μl 106pfu/ml病毒19;
-50μl 105pfu/ml病毒19。
然后观察对肿瘤生长的影响,进行另外≈30天。该实验证明了在两种肿瘤模型中使用表达GALV-R-的病毒优异的肿瘤控制和收缩(参见图14)。
实施例13.来自表达促融合蛋白的病毒的两种免疫刺激分子的表达
构建了与上述表达GALV-R-和mGM-CSF的病毒(病毒16)相似的病毒,但其另外表达了小鼠形式的CD40L(病毒32)、ICOSL(病毒36)、OX40L(病毒35)、4-1BBL(病毒33)和GITRL(病毒34)。这里,不使用含有ICP34.5侧翼区和包含由CMV和RSV启动子驱动的GM-CSF和GALV-R-的表达盒的质粒,而是使用含有ICP34.5侧翼区和包含分别由CMV、RSV和MMLV启动子驱动的GM-CSF、GALV和另外蛋白质的表达盒的质粒用于与含有插入到ICP34.5中的GM-CSF、GALV和GFP的病毒重组。再次选择不表达GFP的空斑。通过PCR确认正确插入,并通过蛋白质印迹和/或ELISA确认另外插入的基因的表达。这些病毒显示在图5中。类似地,还构建了除GALV和mGM-CSF之外还表达抗小鼠和抗人CTLA-4的病毒(图5中的病毒27和31,还参见图13)。除了mGM-CSF和GALVR-之外,表达抗小鼠CTLA-4(病毒27)、mCD40L(病毒32)、m4-1BBL(病毒33)或mOX40L(病毒35)的病毒的体内效果如图16所示:与病毒16(表达mGM-CSF和GALVR-)相比,其在A20肿瘤中显示出增强的活性。在这些实验中,在小鼠的两侧腹部诱导肿瘤,并且仅将病毒或媒介物注射到右侧腹部肿瘤中。使用的病毒剂量为5×104pfu(每种情况下50ul的1×106pfu/ml),在一周内给予三次。对于病毒16而言,对未注射的肿瘤,该病毒剂量水平是未达治疗剂量的,这使得可以清楚地看到递送由病毒27、32、33和35编码的另外的分子的益处。
保藏信息
以下HSV1毒株于2016年12月19日由Replimune Limited保藏于ECACC,CultureCollections,Public Health England,Porton Down,Salisbury,SP4 0JG,UnitedKingdom,并分配了指定的临时保藏号:
RH004A-临时保藏号16121902
RH015A-临时保藏号16121903
RH018A-临时保藏号16121904
RH021A-临时保藏号16121905
RH023A-临时保藏号16121906
RH031A-临时保藏号16121907
RH040B-临时保藏号16121908
RH047A-临时保藏号16121909。
序列表
110> Replimune Limited
<120> ENGINEERED VIRUS
<130> N406716WO
<150> GB1600380.8
<151> 2016-01-08
<150> GB1600381.6
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agaggaaact ttaccaagct gaagggcgcc ctgaacatga ccgcttctta ctaccagaca 300
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<400> 7
atggtattgc tgcctgggtc catgcttctc acctcaaacc tgcaccacct tcggcaccag 60
atgagtcctg ggagctggaa aagactgatc atcctcttaa gctgcgtatt cggcggcggc 120
gggacgagtc tgcaaaataa gaacccccac cagcccatga ccctcacttg gcaggtactg 180
tcccaaactg gagacgttgt ctgggataca aaggcagtcc agcccccttg gacttggtgg 240
cccacactta aacctgatgt atgtgccttg gcggctagtc ttgagtcctg ggatatcccg 300
ggaaccgatg tctcgtcctc taaacgagtc agacctccgg actcagacta tactgccgct 360
tataagcaaa tcacctgggg agccataggg tgcagctacc ctcgggctag gactagaatg 420
gcaagctcta ccttctacgt atgtccccgg gatggccgga ccctttcaga agctagaagg 480
tgcggggggc tagaatccct atactgtaaa gaatgggatt gtgagaccac ggggaccggt 540
tattggctat ctaaatcctc aaaagacctc ataactgtaa aatgggacca aaatagcgaa 600
tggactcaaa aatttcaaca gtgtcaccag accggctggt gtaaccccct taaaatagat 660
ttcacagaca aaggaaaatt atccaaggac tggataacgg gaaaaacctg gggattaaga 720
ttctatgtgt ctggacatcc aggcgtacag ttcaccattc gcttaaaaat caccaacatg 780
ccagctgtgg cagtaggtcc tgacctcgtc cttgtggaac aaggacctcc tagaacgtcc 840
ctcgctctcc cacctcctct tcccccaagg gaagcgccac cgccatctct ccccgactct 900
aactccacag ccctggcgac tagtgcacaa actcccacgg tgagaaaaac aattgttacc 960
ctaaacactc cgcctcccac cacaggcgac agactttttg atcttgtgca gggggccttc 1020
ctaaccttaa atgctaccaa cccaggggcc actgagtctt gctggctttg tttggccatg 1080
ggcccccctt attatgaagc aatagcctca tcaggagagg tcgcctactc caccgacctt 1140
gaccggtgcc gctgggggac ccaaggaaag ctcaccctca ctgaggtctc aggacacggg 1200
ttgtgcatag gaaaggtgcc ctttacccat cagcatctct gcaatcagac cctatccatc 1260
aattcctccg gagaccatca gtatctgctc ccctccaacc atagctggtg ggcttgcagc 1320
actggcctca ccccttgcct ctccacctca gtttttaatc agactagaga tttctgtatc 1380
caggtccagc tgattcctcg catctattac tatcctgaag aagttttgtt acaggcctat 1440
gacaattctc accccaggac taaaagagag gctgtctcac ttaccctagc tgttttactg 1500
gggttgggaa tcacggcggg aataggtact ggttcaactg ccttaattaa aggacctata 1560
gacctccagc aaggcctgac aagcctccag atcgccatag atgctgacct ccgggccctc 1620
caagactcag tcagcaagtt agaggactca ctgacttccc tgtccgaggt agtgctccaa 1680
aataggagag gccttgactt gctgtttcta aaagaaggtg gcctctgtgc ggccctaaag 1740
gaagagtgct gtttttacat agaccactca ggtgcagtac gggactccat gaaaaaactc 1800
aaagaaaaac tggataaaag acagttagag cgccagaaaa gccaaaactg gtatgaagga 1860
tggttcaata actccccttg gttcactacc ctgctatcaa ccatcgctgg gcccctatta 1920
ctcctccttc tgttgctcat cctcgggcca tgcatcatca ataagttagt tcaattcatc 1980
aatgatagga taagtgcagt taaaatttaa 2010
<210> 8
<211> 2013
<212> DNA
<213> 长臂猿白血病病毒
<400> 8
accatggtcc tgctgcctgg gtctatgctg ctgacttcta acctgcacca cctgcgacac 60
cagatgtctc ccggctcatg gaaacggctg atcatcctgc tgagctgcgt gttcggagga 120
ggaggcacct ccctgcagaa caagaatcct caccagccaa tgaccctgac atggcaggtg 180
ctgtcccaga caggcgacgt ggtgtgggat accaaggcag tgcagccacc ttggacatgg 240
tggcccaccc tgaagcctga cgtgtgcgcc ctggccgcct ccctggagtc ttgggacatc 300
cccggcacag acgtgagcag cagcaagagg gtgagaccac ccgactctga ttatacagcc 360
gcctacaagc agatcacctg gggcgccatc ggctgtagct atcctcgggc ccgcacaagg 420
atggccagct ccacctttta cgtgtgccca cgcgacggaa ggaccctgtc tgaggcaagg 480
agatgtggcg gcctggagag cctgtattgc aaggagtggg attgtgagac cacaggcaca 540
ggctactggc tgtctaagtc tagcaaggac ctgatcaccg tgaagtggga tcagaacagc 600
gagtggacac agaagttcca gcagtgccac cagaccggct ggtgtaatcc cctgaagatc 660
gactttacag ataagggcaa gctgtccaag gactggatca ccggcaagac atggggcctg 720
agattctacg tgtctggcca ccctggcgtg cagtttacaa tccggctgaa gatcaccaac 780
atgccagcag tggcagtggg accagacctg gtgctggtgg agcagggacc tccacgcacc 840
tccctggccc tgccccctcc actgccccct agggaggccc caccccctag cctgcccgat 900
tctaacagca cagccctggc cacctccgcc cagaccccta cagtgcgcaa gaccatcgtg 960
acactgaata ccccaccccc taccacaggc gacaggctgt tcgatctggt gcagggcgcc 1020
tttctgacac tgaacgccac caatcctggc gcaaccgaga gctgctggct gtgcctggct 1080
atgggcccac cctactatga ggcaatcgcc tcctctggag aggtggcata ttccacagac 1140
ctggatagat gcagatgggg cacccagggc aagctgaccc tgacagaggt gtctggccac 1200
ggcctgtgca tcggcaaggt gccattcaca caccagcacc tgtgcaacca gaccctgagc 1260
atcaatagct ccggcgacca ccagtacctg ctgccaagca accactcctg gtgggcatgc 1320
tccacaggac tgaccccatg tctgagcacc agcgtgttca accagaccag agacttttgt 1380
atccaggtgc agctgatccc tcggatctac tattacccag aggaggtgct gctgcaggcc 1440
tatgataatt cccacccaag aacaaagagg gaggccgtgt ctctgaccct ggccgtgctg 1500
ctgggactgg gaatcacagc aggaatcggc acaggcagca ccgccctgat caagggacca 1560
atcgacctgc agcagggact gacctccctg cagatcgcca tcgacgccga tctgagagcc 1620
ctgcaggaca gcgtgtccaa gctggaggat tctctgacct ctctgagcga ggtggtgctg 1680
cagaacagga ggggcctgga cctgctgttc ctgaaggagg gaggactgtg cgccgccctg 1740
aaggaggagt gctgttttta tatcgaccac tctggcgccg tgcgggatag catgaagaag 1800
ctgaaggaga agctggataa gcgccagctg gagaggcaga agagccagaa ttggtacgag 1860
ggctggttca acaattcccc ctggtttacc acactgctgt ctaccatcgc aggacctctg 1920
ttattactgc tgctgctgct gatcctgggc ccatgtatca tcaacaagct ggtgcagttt 1980
atcaacgacc gaatctccgc agtgaaaatc taa 2013
<210> 9
<211> 669
<212> PRT
<213> 长臂猿白血病病毒
<400> 9
Met Val Leu Leu Pro Gly Ser Met Leu Leu Thr Ser Asn Leu His His
1 5 10 15
Leu Arg His Gln Met Ser Pro Gly Ser Trp Lys Arg Leu Ile Ile Leu
20 25 30
Leu Ser Cys Val Phe Gly Gly Gly Gly Thr Ser Leu Gln Asn Lys Asn
35 40 45
Pro His Gln Pro Met Thr Leu Thr Trp Gln Val Leu Ser Gln Thr Gly
50 55 60
Asp Val Val Trp Asp Thr Lys Ala Val Gln Pro Pro Trp Thr Trp Trp
65 70 75 80
Pro Thr Leu Lys Pro Asp Val Cys Ala Leu Ala Ala Ser Leu Glu Ser
85 90 95
Trp Asp Ile Pro Gly Thr Asp Val Ser Ser Ser Lys Arg Val Arg Pro
100 105 110
Pro Asp Ser Asp Tyr Thr Ala Ala Tyr Lys Gln Ile Thr Trp Gly Ala
115 120 125
Ile Gly Cys Ser Tyr Pro Arg Ala Arg Thr Arg Met Ala Ser Ser Thr
130 135 140
Phe Tyr Val Cys Pro Arg Asp Gly Arg Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Arg Arg
145 150 155 160
Cys Gly Gly Leu Glu Ser Leu Tyr Cys Lys Glu Trp Asp Cys Glu Thr
165 170 175
Thr Gly Thr Gly Tyr Trp Leu Ser Lys Ser Ser Lys Asp Leu Ile Thr
180 185 190
Val Lys Trp Asp Gln Asn Ser Glu Trp Thr Gln Lys Phe Gln Gln Cys
195 200 205
His Gln Thr Gly Trp Cys Asn Pro Leu Lys Ile Asp Phe Thr Asp Lys
210 215 220
Gly Lys Leu Ser Lys Asp Trp Ile Thr Gly Lys Thr Trp Gly Leu Arg
225 230 235 240
Phe Tyr Val Ser Gly His Pro Gly Val Gln Phe Thr Ile Arg Leu Lys
245 250 255
Ile Thr Asn Met Pro Ala Val Ala Val Gly Pro Asp Leu Val Leu Val
260 265 270
Glu Gln Gly Pro Pro Arg Thr Ser Leu Ala Leu Pro Pro Pro Leu Pro
275 280 285
Pro Arg Glu Ala Pro Pro Pro Ser Leu Pro Asp Ser Asn Ser Thr Ala
290 295 300
Leu Ala Thr Ser Ala Gln Thr Pro Thr Val Arg Lys Thr Ile Val Thr
305 310 315 320
Leu Asn Thr Pro Pro Pro Thr Thr Gly Asp Arg Leu Phe Asp Leu Val
325 330 335
Gln Gly Ala Phe Leu Thr Leu Asn Ala Thr Asn Pro Gly Ala Thr Glu
340 345 350
Ser Cys Trp Leu Cys Leu Ala Met Gly Pro Pro Tyr Tyr Glu Ala Ile
355 360 365
Ala Ser Ser Gly Glu Val Ala Tyr Ser Thr Asp Leu Asp Arg Cys Arg
370 375 380
Trp Gly Thr Gln Gly Lys Leu Thr Leu Thr Glu Val Ser Gly His Gly
385 390 395 400
Leu Cys Ile Gly Lys Val Pro Phe Thr His Gln His Leu Cys Asn Gln
405 410 415
Thr Leu Ser Ile Asn Ser Ser Gly Asp His Gln Tyr Leu Leu Pro Ser
420 425 430
Asn His Ser Trp Trp Ala Cys Ser Thr Gly Leu Thr Pro Cys Leu Ser
435 440 445
Thr Ser Val Phe Asn Gln Thr Arg Asp Phe Cys Ile Gln Val Gln Leu
450 455 460
Ile Pro Arg Ile Tyr Tyr Tyr Pro Glu Glu Val Leu Leu Gln Ala Tyr
465 470 475 480
Asp Asn Ser His Pro Arg Thr Lys Arg Glu Ala Val Ser Leu Thr Leu
485 490 495
Ala Val Leu Leu Gly Leu Gly Ile Thr Ala Gly Ile Gly Thr Gly Ser
500 505 510
Thr Ala Leu Ile Lys Gly Pro Ile Asp Leu Gln Gln Gly Leu Thr Ser
515 520 525
Leu Gln Ile Ala Ile Asp Ala Asp Leu Arg Ala Leu Gln Asp Ser Val
530 535 540
Ser Lys Leu Glu Asp Ser Leu Thr Ser Leu Ser Glu Val Val Leu Gln
545 550 555 560
Asn Arg Arg Gly Leu Asp Leu Leu Phe Leu Lys Glu Gly Gly Leu Cys
565 570 575
Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu Glu Cys Cys Phe Tyr Ile Asp His Ser Gly Ala
580 585 590
Val Arg Asp Ser Met Lys Lys Leu Lys Glu Lys Leu Asp Lys Arg Gln
595 600 605
Leu Glu Arg Gln Lys Ser Gln Asn Trp Tyr Glu Gly Trp Phe Asn Asn
610 615 620
Ser Pro Trp Phe Thr Thr Leu Leu Ser Thr Ile Ala Gly Pro Leu Leu
625 630 635 640
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Ile Leu Gly Pro Cys Ile Ile Asn Lys Leu
645 650 655
Val Gln Phe Ile Asn Asp Arg Ile Ser Ala Val Lys Ile
660 665
<210> 10
<211> 759
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 智人
<400> 10
atgatcgaga cctacaatca gacaagccca cggtccgccg caaccggact gcctatcagc 60
atgaagatct tcatgtacct gctgaccgtg tttctgatca cacagatgat cggctccgcc 120
ctgttcgccg tgtatctgca caggagactg gacaagatcg aggatgagcg caatctgcac 180
gaggacttcg tgtttatgaa gaccatccag cggtgcaaca caggcgagag gagcctgtct 240
ctgctgaatt gtgaggagat caagtcccag ttcgagggct ttgtgaagga tatcatgctg 300
aacaaggagg agacaaagaa ggacgaggat ccacagatcg cagcacacgt ggtgtccgag 360
gcaaactcta atgccgccag cgtgctgcag tgggccaaga agggctacta taccatgaag 420
tctaacctgg tgacactgga gaatggcaag cagctgaccg tgaagaggca gggcctgtac 480
tatatctatg cccaggtgac attctgctct aacagagagg caagctccca ggcacccttc 540
atcgtgggac tgtggctgaa gccctctagc ggcagcgaga ggatcctgct gaaggccgcc 600
aatacccact cctctagcca gctgtgcgag cagcagtcca tccacctggg aggcgtgttc 660
gagctgcagc ctggagccag cgtgttcgtg aacgtgacag acccatctca ggtgagccac 720
ggcaccggct tcacaagctt tggcctgctg aagctgtga 759
<210> 11
<211> 252
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 智人
<400> 11
Met Ile Glu Thr Tyr Asn Gln Thr Ser Pro Arg Ser Ala Ala Thr Gly
1 5 10 15
Leu Pro Ile Ser Met Lys Ile Phe Met Tyr Leu Leu Thr Val Phe Leu
20 25 30
Ile Thr Gln Met Ile Gly Ser Ala Leu Phe Ala Val Tyr Leu His Arg
35 40 45
Arg Leu Asp Lys Ile Glu Asp Glu Arg Asn Leu His Glu Asp Phe Val
50 55 60
Phe Met Lys Thr Ile Gln Arg Cys Asn Thr Gly Glu Arg Ser Leu Ser
65 70 75 80
Leu Leu Asn Cys Glu Glu Ile Lys Ser Gln Phe Glu Gly Phe Val Lys
85 90 95
Asp Ile Met Leu Asn Lys Glu Glu Thr Lys Lys Asp Glu Asp Pro Gln
100 105 110
Ile Ala Ala His Val Val Ser Glu Ala Asn Ser Asn Ala Ala Ser Val
115 120 125
Leu Gln Trp Ala Lys Lys Gly Tyr Tyr Thr Met Lys Ser Asn Leu Val
130 135 140
Thr Leu Glu Asn Gly Lys Gln Leu Thr Val Lys Arg Gln Gly Leu Tyr
145 150 155 160
Tyr Ile Tyr Ala Gln Val Thr Phe Cys Ser Asn Arg Glu Ala Ser Ser
165 170 175
Gln Ala Pro Phe Ile Val Gly Leu Trp Leu Lys Pro Ser Ser Gly Ser
180 185 190
Glu Arg Ile Leu Leu Lys Ala Ala Asn Thr His Ser Ser Ser Gln Leu
195 200 205
Cys Glu Gln Gln Ser Ile His Leu Gly Gly Val Phe Glu Leu Gln Pro
210 215 220
Gly Ala Ser Val Phe Val Asn Val Thr Asp Pro Ser Gln Val Ser His
225 230 235 240
Gly Thr Gly Phe Thr Ser Phe Gly Leu Leu Lys Leu
245 250
<210> 12
<211> 1416
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 12
atgctgccct ttctgagcat gctggtgctg ctggtgcagc ctctgggaaa cctgggagcc 60
gagatgaaga gcctgtccca gagatctgtg cctaacacct gcacactggt catgtgcagc 120
cccaccgaga atggactgcc tggaagggac ggaagggatg gaagggaggg ccctcggggc 180
gagaagggcg acccaggact gcctggacca atgggactga gcggactgca gggaccaaca 240
ggacctgtgg gaccaaaggg agagaacgga tccgccggag agccaggccc taagggcgag 300
aggggcctgt ctggcccccc tggcctgcca ggcatcccag gccccgccgg caaggagggc 360
ccatccggca agcagggcaa tatcggcccc cagggcaagc ctggcccaaa gggcgaggca 420
ggaccaaagg gagaagtggg agcacctggc atgcagggat ccaccggagc aaagggatct 480
acaggaccaa agggcgagcg cggcgcccca ggcgtgcagg gcgcccccgg caatgcagga 540
gcagcaggac cagcaggacc tgcaggccca cagggcgccc ctggctctag gggcccaccc 600
ggcctgaagg gcgacagggg agtgcctggc gataggggca tcaagggaga gagcggactg 660
ccagattccg ccgccctgag gcagcagatg gaggccctga agggcaagct gcagaggctg 720
gaggtggcct tctcccacta ccagaaggcc gccctgtttc cagacggcca caggagactg 780
gacaagatcg aggatgagcg caacctgcac gaggatttcg tgtttatgaa gaccatccag 840
agatgcaaca caggcgagcg gtctctgagc ctgctgaatt gtgaggagat caagtctcag 900
ttcgagggct ttgtgaagga catcatgctg aacaaggagg agaccaagaa ggagaatagc 960
ttcgagatgc agaagggcga tcagaatccc cagatcgcag cacacgtgat cagcgaggca 1020
agctccaaga ccacatccgt gctgcagtgg gccgagaagg gctactatac catgtccaac 1080
aatctggtga cactggagaa cggcaagcag ctgaccgtga agagacaggg cctgtactat 1140
atctatgccc aggtgacatt ctgctctaat cgggaggcct ctagccaggc cccttttatc 1200
gcctctctgt gcctgaagag cccaggcaga ttcgagcgga tcctgctgag ggccgccaac 1260
acccactcct ctgccaagcc atgcggacag cagagcatcc acctgggagg cgtgttcgag 1320
ctgcagccag gagcctccgt gtttgtgaat gtgacagacc catcccaggt gtctcacgga 1380
accggcttca catcctttgg cctgctgaag ctgtga 1416
<210> 13
<211> 471
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 13
Met Leu Pro Phe Leu Ser Met Leu Val Leu Leu Val Gln Pro Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Asn Leu Gly Ala Glu Met Lys Ser Leu Ser Gln Arg Ser Val Pro Asn
20 25 30
Thr Cys Thr Leu Val Met Cys Ser Pro Thr Glu Asn Gly Leu Pro Gly
35 40 45
Arg Asp Gly Arg Asp Gly Arg Glu Gly Pro Arg Gly Glu Lys Gly Asp
50 55 60
Pro Gly Leu Pro Gly Pro Met Gly Leu Ser Gly Leu Gln Gly Pro Thr
65 70 75 80
Gly Pro Val Gly Pro Lys Gly Glu Asn Gly Ser Ala Gly Glu Pro Gly
85 90 95
Pro Lys Gly Glu Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Pro Pro Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile
100 105 110
Pro Gly Pro Ala Gly Lys Glu Gly Pro Ser Gly Lys Gln Gly Asn Ile
115 120 125
Gly Pro Gln Gly Lys Pro Gly Pro Lys Gly Glu Ala Gly Pro Lys Gly
130 135 140
Glu Val Gly Ala Pro Gly Met Gln Gly Ser Thr Gly Ala Lys Gly Ser
145 150 155 160
Thr Gly Pro Lys Gly Glu Arg Gly Ala Pro Gly Val Gln Gly Ala Pro
165 170 175
Gly Asn Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Pro Ala Gly Pro Ala Gly Pro Gln Gly
180 185 190
Ala Pro Gly Ser Arg Gly Pro Pro Gly Leu Lys Gly Asp Arg Gly Val
195 200 205
Pro Gly Asp Arg Gly Ile Lys Gly Glu Ser Gly Leu Pro Asp Ser Ala
210 215 220
Ala Leu Arg Gln Gln Met Glu Ala Leu Lys Gly Lys Leu Gln Arg Leu
225 230 235 240
Glu Val Ala Phe Ser His Tyr Gln Lys Ala Ala Leu Phe Pro Asp Gly
245 250 255
His Arg Arg Leu Asp Lys Ile Glu Asp Glu Arg Asn Leu His Glu Asp
260 265 270
Phe Val Phe Met Lys Thr Ile Gln Arg Cys Asn Thr Gly Glu Arg Ser
275 280 285
Leu Ser Leu Leu Asn Cys Glu Glu Ile Lys Ser Gln Phe Glu Gly Phe
290 295 300
Val Lys Asp Ile Met Leu Asn Lys Glu Glu Thr Lys Lys Glu Asn Ser
305 310 315 320
Phe Glu Met Gln Lys Gly Asp Gln Asn Pro Gln Ile Ala Ala His Val
325 330 335
Ile Ser Glu Ala Ser Ser Lys Thr Thr Ser Val Leu Gln Trp Ala Glu
340 345 350
Lys Gly Tyr Tyr Thr Met Ser Asn Asn Leu Val Thr Leu Glu Asn Gly
355 360 365
Lys Gln Leu Thr Val Lys Arg Gln Gly Leu Tyr Tyr Ile Tyr Ala Gln
370 375 380
Val Thr Phe Cys Ser Asn Arg Glu Ala Ser Ser Gln Ala Pro Phe Ile
385 390 395 400
Ala Ser Leu Cys Leu Lys Ser Pro Gly Arg Phe Glu Arg Ile Leu Leu
405 410 415
Arg Ala Ala Asn Thr His Ser Ser Ala Lys Pro Cys Gly Gln Gln Ser
420 425 430
Ile His Leu Gly Gly Val Phe Glu Leu Gln Pro Gly Ala Ser Val Phe
435 440 445
Val Asn Val Thr Asp Pro Ser Gln Val Ser His Gly Thr Gly Phe Thr
450 455 460
Ser Phe Gly Leu Leu Lys Leu
465 470
<210> 14
<211> 1412
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 14
atgctgccct tcctgagcat gctggtgctg ctggtgcagc ctctgggcaa tctgggcgcc 60
gagatgaagt ccctgtctca gaggagcgtg ccaaacacct gcacactggt catgtgctct 120
ccaaccgaga atggactgcc aggaagggac ggaagagatg gaagggaggg accaagggga 180
gagaagggcg accctggact gcctggacca atgggactgt ccggactgca gggaccaaca 240
ggccctgtgg gaccaaaggg agagaatgga agcgccggag agccaggacc taagggagag 300
aggggcctgt ccggcccccc tggcctgcct ggcatcccag gccccgccgg caaggagggc 360
ccttctggca agcagggcaa catcggacca cagggcaagc ctggaccaaa gggagaggca 420
ggaccaaagg gagaagtggg agcacccggc atgcagggca gcaccggagc aaagggatcc 480
accggcccta agggagagag aggagcacct ggagtgcagg gcgccccagg caatgcagga 540
gcagcaggac cagcaggacc tgcaggccca cagggcgccc caggcagccg gggcccaccc 600
ggcctgaagg gcgacagggg agtgccaggc gataggggca tcaagggaga gtccggactg 660
ccagactctg ccgccctgag gcagcagatg gaggccctga agggcaagct gcagaggctg 720
gaggtggcct tctcccacta ccagaaggcc gccctgtttc cagacggaca caggagactg 780
gataaggtgg aggaggaggt gaacctgcac gaggatttcg tgttcatcaa gaagctgaag 840
aggtgcaaca agggcgaggg cagcctgtcc ctgctgaatt gtgaggagat gcggcgccag 900
ttcgaggacc tggtgaagga tatcaccctg aacaaggagg agaagaagga gaattctttt 960
gagatgcaga ggggcgacga ggatcctcag atcgcagcac acgtggtgtc cgaggcaaac 1020
tctaatgccg ccagcgtgct gcagtgggcc aagaagggct actataccat gaagtctaac 1080
ctggtcatgc tggagaatgg caagcagctg acagtgaaga gagagggcct gtactacgtg 1140
tacacccagg tgacattctg cagcaacaga gagcccagct cccagcggcc ttttatcgtg 1200
ggcctgtggc tgaagccctc tatcggaagc gagaggatcc tgctgaaggc agccaatacc 1260
cactctagct cccagctgtg cgagcagcag tccgtgcacc tgggaggcgt gttcgagctg 1320
caggcaggag caagcgtgtt cgtgaacgga cagaggccag ccaggtcatc cacagagtgg 1380
gcttctctag ctttggcctg ctgaagctgt ga 1412
<210> 15
<211> 470
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 15
Met Leu Pro Phe Leu Ser Met Leu Val Leu Leu Val Gln Pro Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Asn Leu Gly Ala Glu Met Lys Ser Leu Ser Gln Arg Ser Val Pro Asn
20 25 30
Thr Cys Thr Leu Val Met Cys Ser Pro Thr Glu Asn Gly Leu Pro Gly
35 40 45
Arg Asp Gly Arg Asp Gly Arg Glu Gly Pro Arg Gly Glu Lys Gly Asp
50 55 60
Pro Gly Leu Pro Gly Pro Met Gly Leu Ser Gly Leu Gln Gly Pro Thr
65 70 75 80
Gly Pro Val Gly Pro Lys Gly Glu Asn Gly Ser Ala Gly Glu Pro Gly
85 90 95
Pro Lys Gly Glu Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Pro Pro Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile
100 105 110
Pro Gly Pro Ala Gly Lys Glu Gly Pro Ser Gly Lys Gln Gly Asn Ile
115 120 125
Gly Pro Gln Gly Lys Pro Gly Pro Lys Gly Glu Ala Gly Pro Lys Gly
130 135 140
Glu Val Gly Ala Pro Gly Met Gln Gly Ser Thr Gly Ala Lys Gly Ser
145 150 155 160
Thr Gly Pro Lys Gly Glu Arg Gly Ala Pro Gly Val Gln Gly Ala Pro
165 170 175
Gly Asn Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Pro Ala Gly Pro Ala Gly Pro Gln Gly
180 185 190
Ala Pro Gly Ser Arg Gly Pro Pro Gly Leu Lys Gly Asp Arg Gly Val
195 200 205
Pro Gly Asp Arg Gly Ile Lys Gly Glu Ser Gly Leu Pro Asp Ser Ala
210 215 220
Ala Leu Arg Gln Gln Met Glu Ala Leu Lys Gly Lys Leu Gln Arg Leu
225 230 235 240
Glu Val Ala Phe Ser His Tyr Gln Lys Ala Ala Leu Phe Pro Asp Gly
245 250 255
His Arg Arg Leu Asp Lys Val Glu Glu Glu Val Asn Leu His Glu Asp
260 265 270
Phe Val Phe Ile Lys Lys Leu Lys Arg Cys Asn Lys Gly Glu Gly Ser
275 280 285
Leu Ser Leu Leu Asn Cys Glu Glu Met Arg Arg Gln Phe Glu Asp Leu
290 295 300
Val Lys Asp Ile Thr Leu Asn Lys Glu Glu Lys Lys Glu Asn Ser Phe
305 310 315 320
Glu Met Gln Arg Gly Asp Glu Asp Pro Gln Ile Ala Ala His Val Val
325 330 335
Ser Glu Ala Asn Ser Asn Ala Ala Ser Val Leu Gln Trp Ala Lys Lys
340 345 350
Gly Tyr Tyr Thr Met Lys Ser Asn Leu Val Met Leu Glu Asn Gly Lys
355 360 365
Gln Leu Thr Val Lys Arg Glu Gly Leu Tyr Tyr Val Tyr Thr Gln Val
370 375 380
Thr Phe Cys Ser Asn Arg Glu Pro Ser Ser Gln Arg Pro Phe Ile Val
385 390 395 400
Gly Leu Trp Leu Lys Pro Ser Ile Gly Ser Glu Arg Ile Leu Leu Lys
405 410 415
Ala Ala Asn Thr His Ser Ser Ser Gln Leu Cys Glu Gln Gln Ser Val
420 425 430
His Leu Gly Gly Val Phe Glu Leu Gln Ala Gly Ala Ser Val Phe Val
435 440 445
Asn Val Thr Glu Ala Ser Gln Val Ile His Arg Val Gly Phe Ser Ser
450 455 460
Phe Gly Leu Leu Lys Leu
465 470
<210> 16
<211> 786
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 16
atgatcgaaa catacaacca aacttctccc cgatctgcgg ccactggact gcccatcagc 60
atgaaaattt ttatgtattt acttactgtt tttcttatca cccagatgat tgggtcagca 120
ctttttgctg tgtatcttca tagaaggttg gacaagatag aagatgaaag gaatcttcat 180
gaagattttg tattcatgaa aacgatacag agatgcaaca caggagaaag atccttatcc 240
ttactgaact gtgaggagat taaaagccag tttgaaggct ttgtgaagga tataatgtta 300
aacaaagagg agacgaagaa agaaaacagc tttgaaatgc aaaaaggtga tcagaatcct 360
caaattgcgg cacatgtcat aagtgaggcc agcagtaaaa caacatctgt gttacagtgg 420
gctgaaaaag gatactacac catgagcaac aacttggtaa ccctggaaaa tgggaaacag 480
ctgaccgtta aaagacaagg actctattat atctatgccc aagtcacctt ctgttccaat 540
cgggaagctt cgagtcaagc tccatttata gccagcctct gcctaaagtc ccccggtaga 600
ttcgagagaa tcttactcag agctgcaaat acccacagtt ccgccaaacc ttgcgggcaa 660
caatccattc acttgggagg agtatttgaa ttgcaaccag gtgcttcggt gtttgtcaat 720
gtgactgatc caagccaagt gagccatggc actggcttca cgtcctttgg cttactcaaa 780
ctctga 786
<210> 17
<211> 261
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 17
Met Ile Glu Thr Tyr Asn Gln Thr Ser Pro Arg Ser Ala Ala Thr Gly
1 5 10 15
Leu Pro Ile Ser Met Lys Ile Phe Met Tyr Leu Leu Thr Val Phe Leu
20 25 30
Ile Thr Gln Met Ile Gly Ser Ala Leu Phe Ala Val Tyr Leu His Arg
35 40 45
Arg Leu Asp Lys Ile Glu Asp Glu Arg Asn Leu His Glu Asp Phe Val
50 55 60
Phe Met Lys Thr Ile Gln Arg Cys Asn Thr Gly Glu Arg Ser Leu Ser
65 70 75 80
Leu Leu Asn Cys Glu Glu Ile Lys Ser Gln Phe Glu Gly Phe Val Lys
85 90 95
Asp Ile Met Leu Asn Lys Glu Glu Thr Lys Lys Glu Asn Ser Phe Glu
100 105 110
Met Gln Lys Gly Asp Gln Asn Pro Gln Ile Ala Ala His Val Ile Ser
115 120 125
Glu Ala Ser Ser Lys Thr Thr Ser Val Leu Gln Trp Ala Glu Lys Gly
130 135 140
Tyr Tyr Thr Met Ser Asn Asn Leu Val Thr Leu Glu Asn Gly Lys Gln
145 150 155 160
Leu Thr Val Lys Arg Gln Gly Leu Tyr Tyr Ile Tyr Ala Gln Val Thr
165 170 175
Phe Cys Ser Asn Arg Glu Ala Ser Ser Gln Ala Pro Phe Ile Ala Ser
180 185 190
Leu Cys Leu Lys Ser Pro Gly Arg Phe Glu Arg Ile Leu Leu Arg Ala
195 200 205
Ala Asn Thr His Ser Ser Ala Lys Pro Cys Gly Gln Gln Ser Ile His
210 215 220
Leu Gly Gly Val Phe Glu Leu Gln Pro Gly Ala Ser Val Phe Val Asn
225 230 235 240
Val Thr Asp Pro Ser Gln Val Ser His Gly Thr Gly Phe Thr Ser Phe
245 250 255
Gly Leu Leu Lys Leu
260
<210> 18
<211> 783
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 18
atgatagaaa catacagcca accttccccc agatccgtgg caactggact tccagcgagc 60
atgaagattt ttatgtattt acttactgtt ttccttatca cccaaatgat tggatctgtg 120
ctttttgctg tgtatcttca tagaagattg gataaggtcg aagaggaagt aaaccttcat 180
gaagattttg tattcataaa aaagctaaag agatgcaaca aaggagaagg atctttatcc 240
ttgctgaact gtgaggagat gagaaggcaa tttgaagacc ttgtcaagga tataacgtta 300
aacaaagaag agaaaaaaga aaacagcttt gaaatgcaaa gaggtgatga ggatcctcaa 360
attgcagcac acgttgtaag cgaagccaac agtaatgcag catccgttct acagtgggcc 420
aagaaaggat attataccat gaaaagcaac ttggtaatgc ttgaaaatgg gaaacagctg 480
acggttaaaa gagaaggact ctattatgtc tacactcaag tcaccttctg ctctaatcgg 540
gagccttcga gtcaacgccc attcatcgtc ggcctctggc tgaagcccag cagtggatct 600
gagagaatct tactcaaggc ggcaaatacc cacagttcct cccagctttg cgagcagcag 660
tctgttcact tgggcggagt gtttgaatta caagctggtg cttctgtgtt tgtcaacgtg 720
actgaagcaa gccaagtgat ccacagagtt ggcttctcat cttttggctt actcaaactc 780
tga 783
<210> 19
<211> 260
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 19
Met Ile Glu Thr Tyr Ser Gln Pro Ser Pro Arg Ser Val Ala Thr Gly
1 5 10 15
Leu Pro Ala Ser Met Lys Ile Phe Met Tyr Leu Leu Thr Val Phe Leu
20 25 30
Ile Thr Gln Met Ile Gly Ser Val Leu Phe Ala Val Tyr Leu His Arg
35 40 45
Arg Leu Asp Lys Val Glu Glu Glu Val Asn Leu His Glu Asp Phe Val
50 55 60
Phe Ile Lys Lys Leu Lys Arg Cys Asn Lys Gly Glu Gly Ser Leu Ser
65 70 75 80
Leu Leu Asn Cys Glu Glu Met Arg Arg Gln Phe Glu Asp Leu Val Lys
85 90 95
Asp Ile Thr Leu Asn Lys Glu Glu Lys Lys Glu Asn Ser Phe Glu Met
100 105 110
Gln Arg Gly Asp Glu Asp Pro Gln Ile Ala Ala His Val Val Ser Glu
115 120 125
Ala Asn Ser Asn Ala Ala Ser Val Leu Gln Trp Ala Lys Lys Gly Tyr
130 135 140
Tyr Thr Met Lys Ser Asn Leu Val Met Leu Glu Asn Gly Lys Gln Leu
145 150 155 160
Thr Val Lys Arg Glu Gly Leu Tyr Tyr Val Tyr Thr Gln Val Thr Phe
165 170 175
Cys Ser Asn Arg Glu Pro Ser Ser Gln Arg Pro Phe Ile Val Gly Leu
180 185 190
Trp Leu Lys Pro Ser Ser Gly Ser Glu Arg Ile Leu Leu Lys Ala Ala
195 200 205
Asn Thr His Ser Ser Ser Gln Leu Cys Glu Gln Gln Ser Val His Leu
210 215 220
Gly Gly Val Phe Glu Leu Gln Ala Gly Ala Ser Val Phe Val Asn Val
225 230 235 240
Thr Glu Ala Ser Gln Val Ile His Arg Val Gly Phe Ser Ser Phe Gly
245 250 255
Leu Leu Lys Leu
260
<210> 20
<211> 930
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 20
atggatcagc acacactgga cgtggaggat accgctgacg ctaggcaccc agctggcacc 60
tcctgccctt ctgatgccgc tctgctgcgc gacacaggac tgctggccga tgccgctctg 120
ctgtctgaca cagtgcggcc aaccaacgcc gctctgccaa ccgatgctgc ttaccctgct 180
gtgaacgtga gggacagaga ggctgcttgg ccacctgccc tgaacttctg cagccgccac 240
cctaagctgt acggcctggt ggccctggtg ctgctgctgc tgatcgctgc ttgcgtgcca 300
atctttaccc ggacagagcc acgccccgct ctgacaatca ccacatcccc caacctgggc 360
accagggaga acaacgccga tcaggtgaca ccagtgtctc acatcggctg ccccaacacc 420
acacagcagg gaagcccagt gttcgccaag ctgctggcta agaaccaggc cagcctgtgc 480
aacaccacac tgaactggca cagccaggac ggagctggaa gctcctacct gtcccagggc 540
ctgagatacg aggaggataa gaaggagctg gtggtggact cccctggact gtactacgtg 600
ttcctggagc tgaagctgtc tccaaccttt acaaacaccg gccacaaggt gcagggatgg 660
gtgtctctgg tgctgcaggc taagccccag gtggacgatt tcgataacct ggccctgacc 720
gtggagctgt ttccttgtag catggagaac aagctggtgg acaggtcttg gagccagctg 780
ctgctgctga aggctggcca caggctgtcc gtgggactga gagcctacct gcacggcgcc 840
caggatgctt acagagactg ggagctgagc taccctaaca ccacatcctt cggactgttt 900
ctggtgaagc ctgacaaccc atgggagtga 930
<210> 21
<211> 765
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 21
atggagtacg cctctgacgc cagcctggat ccagaggccc cttggccacc tgcaccaagg 60
gcccgcgcct gccgcgtgct gccctgggcc ctggtggccg gcctgttatt actgctgctg 120
ctggccgccg cctgcgccgt gttcctggca tgtccttggg ccgtgagcgg agccagagcc 180
tccccaggct ctgccgccag ccctcggctg agagagggac cagagctgtc cccagacgat 240
ccagcaggcc tgctggacct gaggcaggga atgtttgccc agctggtggc ccagaacgtg 300
ctgctgatcg acggccccct gtcctggtac tctgatcctg gcctggccgg cgtgtctctg 360
accggcggcc tgagctataa ggaggataca aaggagctgg tggtggccaa ggccggcgtg 420
tactacgtgt tcttccagct ggagctgagg agagtggtgg caggagaggg ctctggaagc 480
gtgtccctgg ccctgcacct gcagcccctg cggagcgccg caggagccgc cgccctggcc 540
ctgaccgtgg acctgccacc agccagctcc gaggcaagga attccgcctt cggctttcag 600
ggcagactgc tgcacctgtc tgccggacag aggctgggag tgcacctgca caccgaggcc 660
agggcccgcc acgcatggca gctgacccag ggagcaacag tgctgggcct gttccgcgtg 720
acacctgaga tcccagcagg cctgcctagc ccacggtccg agtga 765
<210> 22
<211> 1389
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 22
atgctgcctt tcctgtccat gctggtgctg ctggtgcagc cactgggcaa cctgggagcc 60
gagatgaagt ctctgagcca gcgcagcgtg cctaacacct gcacactggt catgtgctcc 120
cctacagaga acggcctgcc aggaagggac ggaagagatg gaagggaggg accaagggga 180
gagaagggcg accccggact gcctggacca atgggactga gcggcctgca gggaccaacc 240
ggccccgtgg gacctaaggg agagaacgga tccgctggag agccaggacc taagggagag 300
agaggactgt ctggaccacc tggactgcca ggaatcccag gaccagctgg caaggaggga 360
ccatccggca agcagggaaa catcggacca cagggaaagc ctggaccaaa gggagaggct 420
ggacctaagg gagaagtggg cgccccagga atgcagggct ctacaggagc taagggcagc 480
accggaccaa agggagagag gggagccccc ggagtgcagg gagcccctgg caacgctgga 540
gccgctggcc cagccggacc cgctggccct cagggagccc ccggctctag gggaccacca 600
ggcctgaagg gagacagagg cgtgcccgga gatcggggca tcaagggaga gagcggcctg 660
cctgactccg ccgctctgag acagcagatg gaggctctga agggcaagct gcagcggctg 720
gaggtggcct tctcccacta ccagaaggcc gctctgtttc ctgacggaag gacagagccc 780
aggcctgctc tgaccatcac cacatctcca aacctgggca caagagagaa caacgccgat 840
caggtgaccc ccgtgtctca catcggatgc cctaacacca cacagcaggg cagccccgtg 900
tttgccaagc tgctggctaa gaaccaggcc agcctgtgca acaccacact gaactggcac 960
tcccaggatg gcgccggaag ctcctacctg tctcagggcc tgcggtacga ggaggacaag 1020
aaggagctgg tggtggatag cccaggcctg tactacgtgt tcctggagct gaagctgtcc 1080
cccaccttta caaacaccgg acacaaggtg cagggatggg tgagcctggt gctgcaggct 1140
aagccccagg tggacgattt cgacaacctg gccctgaccg tggagctgtt tccttgctct 1200
atggagaaca agctggtgga tagatcctgg agccagctgc tgctgctgaa ggctggacac 1260
cgcctgagcg tgggcctgag ggcttacctg cacggagctc aggacgctta cagggattgg 1320
gagctgtcct accctaacac cacatctttc ggcctgtttc tggtgaagcc agacaacccc 1380
tgggagtga 1389
<210> 23
<211> 1389
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 23
atgctgctgt tcctgctgtc cgccctggtg ctgctgaccc agcctctggg ctacctggag 60
gccgagatga agacctattc tcaccggaca atgccaagcg cctgcacact ggtcatgtgc 120
agcagcgtgg agtctggcct gccaggaagg gacggaaggg atggaaggga gggacctaga 180
ggcgagaagg gcgaccctgg cctgccagga gcagcaggac aggcaggaat gcccggccag 240
gccggccccg tgggacctaa gggcgacaac ggaagcgtgg gagagccagg accaaagggc 300
gataccggcc cttccggacc acctggacca ccaggcgtgc ctggcccagc cggcagggag 360
ggccctctgg gcaagcaggg caatatcggc ccacagggca agcccggccc taagggcgag 420
gccggcccca agggcgaagt gggcgcccct ggcatgcagg gaagcgccgg agcccgcggc 480
ctggccggac ctaagggcga gagaggcgtg cctggagaga ggggcgtgcc aggaaacaca 540
ggcgcagcag gatctgccgg agcaatggga ccccagggca gccctggcgc caggggccct 600
ccaggcctga agggcgacaa gggcatccca ggcgataagg gagcaaaggg agagagcggc 660
ctgccagatg tggcctccct gcgccagcag gtggaggccc tgcagggcca ggtgcagcac 720
ctgcaggccg ccttctctca gtacaagaag gtggagctgt ttccaaacgg cgcctgcccc 780
tgggccgtga gcggagcccg ggcctcccca ggctctgccg ccagccctag gctgcgcgag 840
ggaccagagc tgagcccaga cgatccagca ggcctgctgg acctgagaca gggaatgttc 900
gcccagctgg tggcccagaa tgtgctgctg atcgacggcc cactgtcctg gtactctgat 960
ccaggcctgg ccggcgtgtc cctgaccggc ggcctgtctt ataaggagga tacaaaggag 1020
ctggtggtgg ccaaggccgg cgtgtactac gtgttcttcc agctggagct gaggagagtg 1080
gtggcaggag agggatccgg atctgtgagc ctggccctgc acctgcagcc cctgcggtcc 1140
gccgcaggag ccgccgccct ggccctgacc gtggacctgc cacctgcctc tagcgaggca 1200
cgcaattccg ccttcggctt tcagggccgg ctgctgcacc tgtctgccgg acagagactg 1260
ggagtgcacc tgcacaccga ggcccgggcc agacacgcct ggcagctgac ccagggagca 1320
acagtgctgg gcctgtttag ggtgacacct gagatcccag ccggcctgcc aagcccccgc 1380
tccgagtga 1389
<210> 24
<211> 522
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 24
atggaggaga tgcctctgag ggagagctcc ccacagaggg ccgagagatg caagaagagc 60
tggctgctgt gcatcgtggc tctgctgctg atgctgctgt gctctctggg caccctgatc 120
tacacaagcc tgaagccaac cgccatcgag tcctgtatgg tgaagttcga gctgtctagc 180
tccaagtggc acatgacatc ccccaagcct cactgcgtga acaccacatc tgacggaaag 240
ctgaagatcc tgcagagcgg cacctacctg atctacggac aggtcatccc cgtggacaag 300
aagtacatca aggataacgc ccctttcgtg gtgcagatct acaagaagaa cgacgtgctg 360
cagacactga tgaacgattt tcagatcctg cccatcggcg gagtgtacga gctgcacgct 420
ggcgacaaca tctacctgaa gttcaactcc aaggatcaca tccagaagac caacacatac 480
tggggaatca tcctgatgcc agatctgccc tttatctctt ga 522
<210> 25
<211> 600
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 25
atgaccctgc acccaagccc catcacatgc gagttcctgt tttctaccgc cctgatcagc 60
ccaaagatgt gcctgagcca cctggagaat atgcccctgt cccactctcg gacacaggga 120
gcccagagaa gctcctggaa gctgtggctg ttctgctcta tcgtgatgct gctgttcctg 180
tgcagctttt cctggctgat cttcatcttt ctgcagctgg agacagccaa ggagccttgc 240
atggccaagt ttggccctct gccatccaag tggcagatgg cctctagcga gcccccttgc 300
gtgaacaagg tgagcgactg gaagctggag atcctgcaga acggcctgta cctgatctat 360
ggccaggtgg cccccaacgc caattacaac gacgtggccc ctttcgaggt gcggctgtat 420
aagaacaagg atatgatcca gaccctgaca aataagtcta agatccagaa cgtgggcggc 480
acatacgagc tgcacgtggg cgacaccatc gacctgatct tcaacagcga gcaccaggtg 540
ctgaagaaca atacatattg gggcatcatc ctgctggcca acccccagtt tatctcctga 600
<210> 26
<211> 1164
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 26
atgctgcctt tcctgtctat gctggtgctg ctggtgcagc cactgggcaa cctgggagcc 60
gagatgaaga gcctgtccca gagatccgtg cccaacacct gcacactggt catgtgctct 120
cctaccgaga acggcctgcc aggaagggac ggaagagatg gaagggaggg acctcgggga 180
gagaagggcg acccaggact gcctggacca atgggactga gcggcctgca gggaccaaca 240
ggccccgtgg gacctaaggg agagaacgga agcgccggag agccaggacc taagggagag 300
aggggactgt ccggaccacc tggactgcct ggaatcccag gaccagctgg caaggaggga 360
ccatccggca agcagggaaa catcggacca cagggaaagc ctggaccaaa gggagaggct 420
ggaccaaagg gagaagtggg cgctcctgga atgcagggct ccaccggagc caagggctct 480
acaggaccaa aaggagagag gggagctccc ggagtgcagg gagcccctgg caacgctgga 540
gccgctggcc cagccggacc cgctggccct cagggagccc caggcagcag gggaccaccc 600
ggcctgaagg gcgacagggg cgtgccagga gataggggca tcaagggaga gtctggcctg 660
ccagacagcg ccgctctgag acagcagatg gaggccctga agggcaagct gcagcggctg 720
gaggtggctt tctcccacta ccagaaggcc gctctgtttc cagatggcag cctgaagccc 780
accgccatcg agtcctgcat ggtgaagttt gagctgagct cctctaagtg gcacatgaca 840
tctcccaagc ctcactgcgt gaacaccaca tctgacggca agctgaagat cctgcagagc 900
ggcacctacc tgatctacgg ccaggtcatc cccgtggaca agaagtacat caaggataac 960
gcccctttcg tggtgcagat ctacaagaag aacgacgtgc tgcagacact gatgaacgat 1020
tttcagatcc tgccaatcgg cggagtgtac gagctgcacg ctggcgacaa catctacctg 1080
aagttcaact ctaaggatca catccagaag accaacacat actggggcat catcctgatg 1140
ccagatctgc cctttatcag ctga 1164
<210> 27
<211> 1152
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 27
atgctgctgt tcctgctgtc tgccctggtg ctgctgaccc agccactggg ctacctggag 60
gccgagatga agacctattc ccaccgcaca atgccttctg cctgcacact ggtcatgtgc 120
agcagcgtgg agagcggcct gccaggaagg gacggaagag atggaaggga gggacccaga 180
ggcgagaagg gcgaccctgg cctgccagga gcagcaggac aggcaggaat gccaggccag 240
gccggccccg tgggccctaa gggcgacaat ggatccgtgg gagagccagg accaaagggc 300
gataccggcc cttctggacc acctggacca ccaggcgtgc ctggaccagc aggaagagag 360
ggacctctgg gcaagcaggg aaacatcgga ccacagggca agccaggccc taagggcgag 420
gccggcccca agggcgaagt gggcgcccct ggcatgcagg gatccgccgg agccaggggc 480
ctggccggac ctaagggcga gcgcggcgtg cctggagaga ggggcgtgcc aggaaataca 540
ggcgcagcag gatctgccgg agcaatggga ccacagggca gccccggcgc cagaggccct 600
ccaggcctga agggcgacaa gggaatccct ggcgataagg gagcaaaggg agagagcggc 660
ctgccagacg tggcctccct gaggcagcag gtggaggccc tgcagggaca ggtgcagcac 720
ctgcaggccg ccttcagcca gtacaagaag gtggagctgt ttccaaatgg cgagacagcc 780
aaggagccct gcatggccaa gttcggccca ctgcccagca agtggcagat ggcctctagc 840
gagccccctt gcgtgaacaa ggtgagcgat tggaagctgg agatcctgca gaacggcctg 900
tacctgatct atggccaggt ggcccccaac gccaattaca acgacgtggc cccttttgag 960
gtgcggctgt ataagaacaa ggatatgatc cagaccctga caaataagtc taagatccag 1020
aacgtgggag gcacctacga gctgcacgtg ggcgacacaa tcgacctgat cttcaacagc 1080
gagcaccagg tgctgaagaa caatacatat tggggcatca tcctgctggc caacccccag 1140
tttatctcct ga 1152
<210> 28
<211> 597
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 28
atggagggcg agggagtgca gcccctggat gagaacctgg agaacggctc ccggcctcgc 60
ttcaagtgga agaagaccct gcggctggtg gtgtctggaa tcaagggcgc cggaatgctg 120
ctgtgcttta tctacgtgtg cctgcagctg agctcctctc ccgccaagga tccccctatc 180
cagaggctga gaggagctgt gaccaggtgc gaggacggac agctgttcat cagctcctac 240
aagaacgagt accagacaat ggaggtgcag aacaacagcg tggtcatcaa gtgtgatggc 300
ctgtacatca tctacctgaa gggatccttc tttcaggagg tgaagatcga cctgcacttt 360
cgggaggatc acaacccaat ctctatcccc atgctgaacg acggcaggag aatcgtgttc 420
acagtggtgg ccagcctggc ttttaaggac aaggtgtacc tgaccgtgaa cgccccagat 480
acactgtgcg agcacctgca gatcaacgac ggagagctga tcgtggtgca gctgacccct 540
ggctactgtg ctccagaggg atcttaccac agcacagtga accaggtgcc cctgtga 597
<210> 29
<211> 552
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 29
atggagaggg tgcagcccct ggaggagaac gtgggaaatg ccgcccggcc tagattcgag 60
aggaacaagc tgctgctggt ggcctctgtg atccagggcc tgggcctgct gctgtgcttc 120
acctacatct gtctgcactt ttctgccctg caggtgagcc acagataccc ccgcatccag 180
agcatcaagg tgcagttcac cgagtataag aaggagaagg gctttatcct gacatcccag 240
aaggaggacg agatcatgaa ggtgcagaac aattctgtga tcatcaactg cgatggcttc 300
tacctgatct ccctgaaggg ctatttttct caggaagtga atatcagcct gcactatcag 360
aaggacgagg agccactgtt tcagctgaag aaggtgcgga gcgtgaattc cctgatggtg 420
gccagcctga cctacaagga caaggtgtat ctgaacgtga ccacagataa tacatccctg 480
gacgatttcc acgtgaacgg cggcgagctg atcctgatcc accagaatcc cggcgagttt 540
tgcgtgctgt ga 552
<210> 30
<211> 1215
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 30
atgctgccct tcctgtccat gctggtgctg ctggtgcagc ctctgggcaa cctgggagcc 60
gagatgaagt ctctgagcca gagatccgtg ccaaacacct gcacactggt catgtgctct 120
cccaccgaga acggcctgcc tggaagggac ggaagagatg gaagggaggg accccgggga 180
gagaagggcg atcctggact gccaggacct atgggactga gcggcctgca gggaccaaca 240
ggccccgtgg gacctaaggg agagaacgga agcgccggag agccaggacc aaagggagag 300
aggggactgt ccggcccacc tggactgcct ggaatccctg gaccagctgg caaggaggga 360
ccttccggca agcagggaaa catcggacca cagggaaagc caggacctaa gggagaggct 420
ggaccaaagg gagaagtggg cgctcccgga atgcagggct ctaccggagc caagggcagc 480
acaggaccta agggagagag gggagctcca ggagtgcagg gagcccccgg caacgctgga 540
gctgctggac cagctggacc agctggccct cagggagccc caggctctag gggaccacca 600
ggcctgaagg gcgacagggg cgtgccagga gataggggca tcaagggaga gagcggcctg 660
ccagattccg ccgctctgag acagcagatg gaggccctga agggcaagct gcagcggctg 720
gaggtggctt tcagccacta ccagaaggcc gctctgtttc ctgacggcag ctcctctcca 780
gccaaggatc ctccaatcca gcggctgcgc ggagctgtga ccaggtgcga ggatggccag 840
ctgttcatca gctcctacaa gaacgagtac cagacaatgg aggtgcagaa caactctgtg 900
gtcatcaagt gtgacggcct gtacatcatc tacctgaagg gcagcttctt tcaggaggtg 960
aagatcgacc tgcactttag agaggatcac aacccaatct ccatccccat gctgaacgac 1020
ggcaggagaa tcgtgttcac cgtggtggcc tctctggctt ttaaggacaa ggtgtacctg 1080
accgtgaacg cccccgatac actgtgcgag cacctgcaga tcaacgacgg cgagctgatc 1140
gtggtgcagc tgacccctgg atactgtgct ccagagggct cctaccactc tacagtgaac 1200
caggtgcctc tgtga 1215
<210> 31
<211> 1170
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 31
atgctgctgt tcctgctgag cgccctggtg ctgctgaccc agccactggg ctacctggag 60
gccgagatga agacctattc ccacagaaca atgccttctg cctgcacact ggtcatgtgc 120
agcagcgtgg agtccggcct gccaggaagg gacggcagag atggcaggga gggccccagg 180
ggcgagaagg gcgaccccgg cctgcctgga gcagcaggcc aggccggcat gccaggccag 240
gccggcccag tgggccccaa gggcgacaac ggcagcgtgg gcgagcccgg ccctaagggc 300
gataccggcc cctccggccc ccctggccca cccggcgtgc caggaccagc aggaagggag 360
ggaccactgg gcaagcaggg caatatcgga cctcagggca agcctggacc aaagggagag 420
gcaggaccaa agggagaagt gggcgcccct ggcatgcagg gatctgccgg agcccggggc 480
ctggccggcc ccaagggcga gagaggcgtg cccggcgaga ggggcgtgcc tggcaacaca 540
ggcgccgccg gctccgccgg cgccatggga cctcagggct ctccaggagc cagaggccct 600
ccaggcctga agggcgacaa gggaatccct ggcgataagg gagcaaaggg agagagcggc 660
ctgccagacg tggcctccct gcggcagcag gtggaggccc tgcagggcca ggtgcagcac 720
ctgcaggccg ccttcagcca gtacaagaag gtggagctgt ttcctaatgg cgtgtctcac 780
cgctacccac ggatccagag catcaaggtg cagttcaccg agtataagaa ggagaagggc 840
tttatcctga catctcagaa ggaggacgag atcatgaagg tgcagaacaa tagcgtgatc 900
atcaactgcg atggcttcta cctgatcagc ctgaagggct atttttccca ggaagtgaat 960
atctctctgc actatcagaa ggatgaggag cctctgtttc agctgaagaa ggtgagatct 1020
gtgaacagcc tgatggtggc ctccctgacc tacaaggaca aggtgtatct gaacgtgacc 1080
acagataata catctctgga cgatttccac gtgaacggcg gcgagctgat cctgatccac 1140
cagaatcccg gcgagttttg cgtgctgtga 1170
<210> 32
<211> 969
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 32
atgcagctga agtgtccatg cttcgtgtcc ctgggaacaa gacagcccgt ctggaagaaa 60
ctgcacgtga gctccggctt ctttagcggc ctggggctgt ttctgctgct gctgtctagt 120
ctgtgcgccg cttccgcaga gactgaagtc ggagccatgg tgggcagtaa cgtggtcctg 180
tcatgcatcg acccacaccg acggcatttc aacctgtctg gcctgtacgt gtattggcag 240
attgagaatc ccgaagtgtc agtcacctac tatctgcctt acaagagccc agggatcaac 300
gtggactcaa gctataaaaa tagggggcac ctgtccctgg attctatgaa gcagggaaac 360
ttcagcctgt acctgaaaaa tgtgacccct caggacacac aggagttcac ttgtcgcgtc 420
tttatgaaca ctgcaaccga actggtgaag attctggagg aagtggtccg gctgagagtc 480
gcagccaact ttagcactcc tgtgatctct accagtgatt cctctaatcc aggccaggag 540
cggacatata cttgcatgtc taagaacgga taccccgaac ctaatctgta ttggatcaac 600
accacagaca atagtctgat tgataccgct ctgcagaaca atacagtcta cctgaacaag 660
ctggggctgt atgacgtgat ctctactctg cggctgccat ggaccagtag aggagatgtg 720
ctgtgctgcg tggagaacgt ggccctgcac cagaatatca cctcaattag ccaggctgag 780
tcctttaccg gcaacaatac aaagaatcct caggagacac ataacaatga actgaaagtg 840
ctggtgccag tgctggccgt cctggctgca gcagctttcg tgtcttttat catctacaga 900
aggacccgcc ctcaccgctc atacactgga cctaagaccg tgcagctgga actgacagac 960
catgcttga 969
<210> 33
<211> 909
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 33
atgcgtctgg gttcacctgg tctgctgttt ctgctgtttt caagtctgcg tgctgatact 60
caggagaagg aagtccgggc tatggtcgga agtgacgtgg agctgtcatg cgcttgtccc 120
gaagggtccc ggttcgacct gaacgatgtc tacgtgtatt ggcagacctc tgagagtaag 180
accgtggtca cataccacat ccctcagaac tccagcctgg aaaatgtgga ttcaaggtat 240
cggaacagag ccctgatgtc ccctgctggc atgctgcggg gagacttctc tctgagactg 300
tttaatgtga caccacagga tgagcagaaa ttccattgcc tggtcctgtc acagtccctg 360
ggatttcagg aggtgctgag tgtcgaagtg actctgcacg tcgccgctaa tttctccgtg 420
cctgtggtca gcgcaccaca tagcccctct caggacgagc tgacctttac atgtacttcc 480
atcaacggct acccccgccc taacgtgtac tggattaaca agactgacaa tagcctgctg 540
gatcaggcac tgcagaacga caccgtgttt ctgaatatgc gaggactgta cgatgtggtc 600
agcgtcctgc gtattgccag gaccccatct gtgaacatcg ggtgctgtat tgagaacgtc 660
ctgctgcagc agaatctgac agtggggagc cagactggta atgacatcgg cgagagggat 720
aagattaccg aaaaccccgt gagtacaggc gagaagaacg cagccacatg gtcaatcctg 780
gctgtgctgt gcctgctggt ggtcgtggct gtcgcaattg gctgggtgtg ccgcgatcgg 840
tgtctgcagc actcttatgc cggtgcttgg gcagtgagtc cagagactga actgaccggc 900
catgtctaa 909
<210> 34
<211> 1574
<212> DNA
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 34
cttaagatgg aaactgatac tctgctgctc tgggtgctgc tcctctgggt gcctggttca 60
actggggaca ttcgacgggc tgacattgtg atgacccaga ccacactgag cctgcccgtg 120
tccctgggcg accaggccag catctcctgc cggagctccc agtctatcgt gcacagcaac 180
ggaaacacat acctggagtg gtatctgcag aagcctggcc agtccccaaa gctgctgatc 240
tacaaggtgt ccaacaggtt cagcggcgtg cctgaccgct tttctggaag cggctccgga 300
acagatttca ccctgaagat cagcagggtg gaggctgagg acctgggcgt gtactactgc 360
ttccagggat cccacgtgcc ttacaccttt ggcggaggca caaagctgga gatcaagaga 420
gccgatgctg ctccaaccgt gtctggaagc ggaggcgggg gttctggagg cggtgggagc 480
ggtggcggag ggtctgaggc taagctgcag gagagcggcc ccgtgctggt gaagcctgga 540
gccagcgtga agatgtcctg taaggcttct ggatacacct tcacagacta ctacatgaac 600
tgggtgaagc agagccacgg caagtccctg gagtggatcg gagtgatcaa cccttacaac 660
ggcgacacct cttacaacca gaagtttaag ggcaaggcca ccctgacagt ggataagtct 720
agctccaccg cttacatgga gctgaacagc ctgacatccg aggattctgc cgtgtactac 780
tgtgctaggt actacggaag ctggttcgcc tactggggcc agggaacact gatcaccgtg 840
tccacagcca agaccacacc ccctagcgtg taccccctgg ctcctaggtc tagcagaggc 900
tgcaagccat gcatctgtac cgtgcccgag gtgagcagcg tgttcatctt tccacccaag 960
cccaaggacg tgctgaccat cacactgacc cctaaggtga catgcgtggt ggtggatatc 1020
agcaaggacg atccagaggt gcagttctcc tggtttgtgg acgatgtgga ggtgcacacc 1080
gcccagacac agccaaggga ggagcagttc aactccacct ttagatccgt gtctgagctg 1140
cccatcatgc accaggactg gctgaacgga aaggagttca agtgccgggt gaactccgcc 1200
gcttttcctg ctccaatcga gaagaccatc tctaagacaa agggccgccc aaaggctcca 1260
caggtgtaca ccatccctcc acccaaggag cagatggcta aggataaggt gagcctgacc 1320
tgtatgatca cagacttctt tcccgaggat atcacagtgg agtggcagtg gaacggacag 1380
cctgccgaga actacaagaa cacccagcca atcatggaca cagatggctc ttacttcgtg 1440
tacagcaagc tgaacgtgca gaagtctaac tgggaggctg gcaacacctt cacctgcagc 1500
gtgctgcacg aaggtctcca taatcaccac accgaaaaga gcctcagtca cagccctggg 1560
aaatgaggcg cgcc 1574
<210> 35
<211> 1484
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 35
cttaagatgg aaactgacac cctgctgctg tgggtcctgc tgctgtgggt gcctggatcc 60
accggcgata tcgtgctgac ccagtctcct ggcacactga gtctgtcacc aggggagcga 120
gcaacactgt cttgtagagc cagccagtct gtgggaagct cctacctggc ttggtatcag 180
cagaagccag gccaggcacc caggctgctg atctacggag ccttcagccg ggccactggc 240
attccagaca ggttctctgg aagtggctca gggaccgact tcaccctgac catcagccga 300
ctggagcccg aagacttcgc cgtgtactat tgccagcagt acggctctag tccttggact 360
tttggacagg gcaccaaagt ggagatcaag cgcggcgggg gaggctctgg gggaggcggg 420
agtggaggcg ggggatcaca ggtccagctg gtggaaagcg gcgggggagt ggtccagcca 480
ggccggagcc tgcggctgag ctgcgccgct tcaggattca cattttcaag ctataccatg 540
cactgggtcc ggcaggcacc agggaaggga ctggagtggg tgaccttcat cagctatgac 600
ggcaacaaca agtattacgc tgattccgtg aaagggaggt ttaccattag ccgcgacaac 660
tccaaaaata cactgtacct gcagatgaac agcctgcggg ccgaggatac tgctatctac 720
tattgcgcaa gaaccgggtg gctgggaccc ttcgactatt ggggccaggg gactctggtc 780
accgtgtcct ctgataagac acacacatgc cctccctgtc ctgcaccaga gctgctgggc 840
gggccatccg tgttcctgtt tccacccaag cctaaagaca ccctgatgat cagccggaca 900
cctgaagtca cttgcgtggt cgtggacgtg agtcacgagg atccagaagt caagtttaac 960
tggtacgtgg atggcgtcga ggtgcataat gccaagacca aacctcgcga ggaacagtac 1020
aatagcacat atcgagtcgt gtccgtcctg actgtgctgc atcaggattg gctgaacggc 1080
aaagagtata agtgcaaagt gagcaataag gcactgcctg ccccaatcga gaaaacaatt 1140
tccaaggcta aaggccagcc cagggaacct caggtgtaca ctctgcctcc aagtcgcgag 1200
gaaatgacca agaaccaggt gagcctgacc tgtctggtga aagggttcta tccatcagac 1260
attgcagtgg agtgggaaag caatggacag cccgaaaaca attacaagac cacaccccct 1320
gtgctggaca gcgatggctc cttctttctg tattctaagc tgactgtgga taaaagtcgc 1380
tggcagcagg ggaacgtctt tagctgttcc gtgatgcatg aggctctgca caatcattac 1440
acacagaagt ctctgagtct gtcacccggc aaatgaggcg cgcc 1484
<210> 36
<211> 632
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> CMV启动子
<400> 36
gttgacattg attattgact agttattaat agtaatcaat tacggggtca ttagttcata 60
gcccatatat ggagttccgc gttacataac ttacggtaaa tggcccgcct ggctgaccgc 120
ccaacgaccc ccgcccattg acgtcaataa tgacgtatgt tcccatagta acgccaatag 180
ggactttcca ttgacgtcaa tgggtggagt atttacggta aactgcccac ttggcagtac 240
atcaagtgta tcatatgcca agtacgcccc ctattgacgt caatgacggt aaatggcccg 300
cctggcatta tgcccagtac atgaccttat gggactttcc tacttggcag tacatctacg 360
tattagtcat cgctattacc atggtgatgc ggttttggca gtacatcaat gggcgtggat 420
agcggtttga ctcacgggga tttccaagtc tccaccccat tgacgtcaat gggagtttgt 480
tttggcacca aaatcaacgg gactttccaa aatgtcgtaa caactccgcc ccattgacgc 540
aaatgggcgg taggcgtgta cggtgggagg tctatataag cagagctctc tggctaacta 600
gagaacccac tgcttactgg cttatcgaaa tt 632
<210> 37
<211> 394
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> RSV启动子
<400> 37
tgtacgggcc agatatacgc gtatctgagg ggactagggt gtgtttaggc gaaaagcggg 60
gcttcggttg tacgcggtta ggagtcccct caggatatag tagtttcgct tttgcatagg 120
gagggggaaa tgtagtctta tgcaatacac ttgtagtctt gcaacatggt aacgatgagt 180
tagcaacatg ccttacaagg agagaaaaag caccgtgcat gccgattggt ggaagtaagg 240
tggtacgatc gtgccttatt aggaaggcaa cagacaggtc tgacatggat tggacgaacc 300
actgaattcc gcattgcaga gataattgta tttaagtgcc tagctcgata caataaacgc 360
catttgacca ttcaccacat tggtgtgcac ctcc 394
<210> 38
<211> 188
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> BGH polyA
<400> 38
ctgtgccttc tagttgccag ccatctgttg tttgcccctc ccccgtgcct tccttgaccc 60
tggaaggtgc cactcccact gtcctttcct aataaaatga ggaaattgca tcgcattgtc 120
tgagtaggtg tcattctatt ctggggggtg gggtggggca ggacagcaag ggggaggatt 180
gggaagac 188
<210> 39
<211> 249
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> SV40晚期polyA
<400> 39
gacatgataa gatacattga tgagtttgga caaaccacaa ctagaatgca gtgaaaaaaa 60
tgctttattt gtgaaatttg tgatgctatt gctttatttg tgaaatttgt gatgctattg 120
ctttatttgt aaccattata agctgcaata aacaagttaa caacaacaat tgcattcatt 180
ttatgtttca ggttcagggg gaggtgtggg aggtttttta aagcaagtaa aacctctaca 240
aatgtggta 249
<210> 40
<211> 345
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> SV40增强启动子
<400> 40
gctgtggaat gtgtgtcagt tagggtgtgg aaagtcccca ggctccccag caggcagaag 60
tatgcaaagc atgcatctca attagtcagc aaccaggtgt ggaaagtccc caggctcccc 120
agcaggcaga agtatgcaaa gcatgcatct caattagtca gcaaccatag tcccgcccct 180
aactccgccc atcccgcccc taactccgcc cagttccgcc cattctccgc cccatggctg 240
actaattttt tttatttatg cagaggccga ggccgcctcg gcctctgagc tattccagaa 300
gtagtgagga ggcttttttg gaggcctagg cttttgcaaa aagct 345
<210> 41
<211> 99
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 兔beta-球蛋白polyA
<400> 41
gacctctggc taataaagga aatttatttt cattgcaata gtgtgttgga attttttgtg 60
tctctcactc ggaaggacat atgggagggc aaatcattt 99
<210> 42
<211> 723
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> GFP
<400> 42
accatggtga gcaagggcga ggagctgttc accggggtgg tgcccatcct ggtcgagctg 60
gacggcgacg taaacggcca caagttcagc gtgtccggcg agggcgaggg cgatgccacc 120
tacggcaagc tgaccctgaa gttcatctgc accaccggca agctgcccgt gccctggccc 180
accctcgtga ccaccctgac ctacggcgtg cagtgcttca gccgctaccc cgaccacatg 240
aagcagcacg acttcttcaa gtccgccatg cccgaaggct acgtccagga gcgcaccatc 300
ttcttcaagg acgacggcaa ctacaagacc cgcgccgagg tgaagttcga gggcgacacc 360
ctggtgaacc gcatcgagct gaagggcatc gacttcaagg aggacggcaa catcctgggg 420
cacaagctgg agtacaacta caacagccac aacgtctata tcatggccga caagcagaag 480
aacggcatca aggtgaactt caagatccgc cacaacatcg aggacggcag cgtgcagctc 540
gccgaccact accagcagaa cacccccatc ggcgacggcc ccgtgctgct gcccgacaac 600
cactacctga gcacccagtc cgccctgagc aaagacccca acgagaagcg cgatcacatg 660
gtcctgctgg agttcgtgac cgccgccggg atcactctcg gcatggacga gctgtacaag 720
taa 723
<210> 43
<211> 454
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> MoMuLV LTR
<400> 43
ttaattaagt aacgccattt tgcaaggcat ggaaaaatac ataactgaga atagagaagt 60
tcagatcaag gtcaggaaca gatggaacag ctgaatatgg gccaaacagg atatctgtgg 120
taagcagttc ctgccccggc tcagggccaa gaacagatgg aacagctgaa tatgggccaa 180
acaggatatc tgtggtaagc agttcctgcc ccggctcagg gccaagaaca gatggtcccc 240
agatgcggtc cagccctcag cagtttctag agaaccatca gatgtttcca gggtgcccca 300
aggacctgaa atgaccctgt gccttatttg aactaaccaa tcagttcgct tctcgcttct 360
gttcgcgcgc ttctgctccc cgagctcaat aaaagagccc acaacccctc actcggggcg 420
ccagtcctcc gattgactga gtcgcccgct taag 454
<210> 44
<211> 1349
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> EF1alpha启动子
<400> 44
ttaattaaga gtaattcata caaaaggact cgcccctgcc ttggggaatc ccagggaccg 60
tcgttaaact cccactaacg tagaacccag agatcgctgc gttcccgccc cctcacccgc 120
ccgctctcgt catcactgag gtggagaaga gcatgcgtga ggctccggtg cccgtcagtg 180
ggcagagcgc acatcgccca cagtccccga gaagttgggg ggaggggtcg gcaattgaac 240
cggtgcctag agaaggtggc gcggggtaaa ctgggaaagt gatgtcgtgt actggctccg 300
cctttttccc gagggtgggg gagaaccgta tataagtgca gtagtcgccg tgaacgttct 360
ttttcgcaac gggtttgccg ccagaacaca ggtaagtgcc gtgtgtggtt cccgcgggcc 420
tggcctcttt acgggttatg gcccttgcgt gccttgaatt acttccacgc ccctggctgc 480
agtacgtgat tcttgatccc gagcttcggg ttggaagtgg gtgggagagt tcgaggcctt 540
gcggttaagg agccccttcg cctcgtgctt gagttgaggc ctggcttggg cgctggggcc 600
gccgcgtgcg aatctggtgg caccttcgcg cctgtctcgc tgctttcgat aagtctctag 660
ccatttaaaa tttttgatga cctgctgcga cgcttttttt ctggcaagat agtcttgtaa 720
atgcgggcca agatctgcac actggtattt cggtttttgg ggccgcgggc ggcgacgggg 780
cccgtgcgtc ccagcgcaca tgttcggcga ggcggggcct gcgagcgcgg ccaccgagaa 840
tcggacgggg gtagtctcaa gctggccggc ctgctctggt gcctggcctc gcgccgccgt 900
gtatcgcccc gccctgggcg gcaaggctgg cccggtcggc accagttgcg tgagcggaaa 960
gatggccgct tcccggccct gctgcaggga gctcaaaatg gaggacgcgg cgctcgggag 1020
agcgggcggg tgagtcaccc acacaaagga aaagggcctt tccgtcctca gccgtcgctt 1080
catgtgactc cacggagtac cgggcgccgt ccaggcacct cgattagttc tcgagctttt 1140
ggagtacgtc gtctttaggt tggggggagg ggttttatgc gatggagttt ccccacactg 1200
agtgggtgga gactgaagtt aggccagctt ggcacttgat gtaattctcc ttggaatttg 1260
ccctttttga gtttggatct tggttcattc tcaagcctca gacagtggtt caaagttttt 1320
ttcttccatt tcaggtgtcg tgacttaag 1349
<210> 45
<211> 481
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> HGH polyA
<400> 45
gacgggtggc atccctgtga cccctcccca gtgcctctcc tggccctgga agttgccact 60
ccagtgccca ccagccttgt cctaataaaa ttaagttgca tcattttgtc tgactaggtg 120
tccttctata atattatggg gtggaggggg gtggtatgga gcaaggggca agttgggaag 180
acaacctgta gggcctgcgg ggtctattgg gaaccaagct ggagtgcagt ggcacaatct 240
tggctcactg caatctccgc ctcctgggtt caagcgattc tcctgcctca gcctcccgag 300
ttgttgggat tccaggcatg catgaccagg ctcagctaat ttttgttttt ttggtagaga 360
cggggtttca ccatattggc caggctggtc tccaactcct aatctcaggt gatctaccca 420
ccttggcctc ccaaattgct gggattacag gcgtgaacca ctgctccctt ccctgtcctt 480
t 481
Claims (25)
1.一种1型溶瘤单纯疱疹病毒(HSV1),其包含:(i)GM-CSF编码基因;和(ii)编码CTLA-4抑制剂的基因,其中HSV1是由具有保藏号ECACC 16121904的HSV1毒株RH018A经修饰产生的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的病毒,其中CTLA-4抑制剂是CTLA-4抗体或其片段。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的病毒,其还包含促融合蛋白编码基因。
4.根据权利要求3所述的病毒,其中所述促融合蛋白选自:水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)G蛋白,合胞蛋白-1,合胞蛋白-2,猿猴病毒5(SV5)F蛋白,麻疹病毒(MV)H蛋白,MV F蛋白,呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)F蛋白和来自长臂猿白血病病毒(GALV)、鼠白血病病毒(MLV)、Mason-Pfizer猴病毒(MPMV)或马传染性贫血病毒(EIAV)的糖蛋白,其中已缺失R肽。
5.根据权利要求3所述的病毒,其中促融合蛋白是来自长臂猿白血病病毒(GALV)的糖蛋白并且具有突变或去除的R跨膜肽(GALV-R-)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的病毒,其编码多于一种免疫共刺激途径激活分子。
7.根据权利要求1所述的病毒,其中HSV1:
(a)不表达功能性ICP34.5;
(b)不表达功能性ICP47;和/或
(c)将US11基因表达为立即早期基因。
8.根据权利要求1所述的病毒,其中GM-CSF编码基因和编码CTLA-4抑制剂的基因被插入ICP34.5编码基因座中,通过插入或者部分或完全缺失进行,其相对于彼此处于背对背的方向,各自处于单独的调节控制下。
9.根据权利要求1所述的病毒,其中编码GM-CSF的基因的序列和/或编码CTLA-4抑制剂的基因的序列经密码子优化以增加在靶细胞中的表达水平。
10.根据权利要求1所述的病毒,其表达三种异源基因,其中所述三种异源基因中的每一种由选自CMV启动子、RSV启动子、SV40启动子和逆转录病毒LTR启动子的不同启动子驱动。
11.根据权利要求10所述的病毒,其表达分别由CMV启动子、RSV启动子、SV40启动子和逆转录病毒LTR启动子中的每一种驱动的四种异源基因。
12.根据权利要求11所述的病毒,其中逆转录病毒LTR启动子来自MMLV。
13.根据权利要求1所述的病毒,其表达三种异源基因,其中所述三种异源基因中的每一种被选自BGH、SV40、HGH和RBG多聚腺苷酸化序列的不同多聚腺苷酸化序列终止。
14.根据权利要求13所述的病毒,其表达分别由BGH、SV40、HGH和RBG多聚腺苷酸化序列中的每一种终止的四种异源基因。
15.药物组合物,其包含根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的病毒和药学上可接受的运载体或稀释剂。
16.根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的病毒在制备用于通过疗法治疗人体或动物体的方法中的药物中的用途。
17.根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的病毒在制备用于治疗癌症的方法中的药物中的用途。
18.根据权利要求17所述的用途,其中所述方法包括施用另外的抗癌剂。
19.根据权利要求18所述的用途,其中所述另外的抗癌剂选自:靶向免疫共抑制或免疫共刺激途径的药剂,放射和/或化学疗法,靶向在肿瘤中存在的特定基因突变的药剂,旨在诱导对一种或多种肿瘤抗原或新生抗原的免疫应答的药剂,源自T细胞或NK细胞的细胞产物,旨在刺激STING、cGAS、TLR或其他先天性免疫应答和/或炎性途径的药剂,任选地为溶瘤病毒的第二种病毒,及其组合。
20.根据权利要求18或19所述的用途,其中靶向免疫共抑制途径的药剂是CTLA-4抑制剂、PD-1抑制剂、PD-L1抑制剂、LAG-3抑制剂、TIM-3抑制剂、VISTA抑制剂、CSF1R抑制剂、IDO抑制剂、KIR抑制剂、SLAMF7抑制剂、CEACAM1抑制剂或CD47抑制剂,和/或靶向免疫共刺激途径的药剂是GITR激动剂、4-1-BB激动剂、OX40激动剂、CD40激动剂或ICOS激动剂。
21.根据权利要求18所述的用途,其中所述另外的抗癌剂是抗体。
22.根据权利要求18所述的用途,其中所述方法包括施用吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)途径的抑制剂和免疫共抑制途径的另外的拮抗剂、或免疫共刺激途径的激动剂。
23.根据权利要求18所述的用途,其中所述病毒和另外的抗癌剂分开施用。
24.根据权利要求18所述的用途,其中所述病毒和另外的抗癌剂同时施用。
25.根据权利要求17所述的用途,其中所述癌症是实体瘤。
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