CN109304097A - 氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109304097A
CN109304097A CN201810986792.2A CN201810986792A CN109304097A CN 109304097 A CN109304097 A CN 109304097A CN 201810986792 A CN201810986792 A CN 201810986792A CN 109304097 A CN109304097 A CN 109304097A
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陈英波
侯敬珂
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜及其制备方法,该氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜由基膜和附着在基膜上的过滤层构成;过滤层的主要成分由氧化石墨烯和亚甲基蓝构成。制备方法包括如下步骤:将氧化石墨烯加纯水研磨至粒径分散均匀,在搅拌条件下加纯水,稀释至5~20μg/mL,继续搅拌,后再在200~600w下超声1~30min,加入亚甲基蓝,搅拌至混合均匀,得到制膜液;4)将适宜量的制膜液加入砂芯漏斗,砂芯漏斗内预先铺设有基膜;真空抽滤,干燥,得到氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜。制备方法简单、高效、成本低、可重复性高;得到的产品能大幅度提高对染料的截留率。

Description

氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及膜技术领域,具体涉及一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
石墨烯,一种碳基材料,是由sp2组成的单原子厚度二维层状材料杂化碳原子。氧化石墨烯(简称GO)是其主要衍生物之一,具有和石墨烯相似的二维平面结构。由于GO表面有丰富的含氧官能团,因此GO膜具有良好的渗透性能。虽然GO膜在应用中具有许多优点,但是GO膜在水中不稳定,分离过程中容易从基膜上脱落;另外,氧化石墨烯膜对盐和染料的截留率均比较低。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜及其制备方法,得到的氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜能大幅度提高对染料的截留率,且在水中长时间使用时性能稳定,制备方法简单、高效、成本低、可重复性高,能大大降低处理染料废水的成本,具有广阔的市场应用前景。
为此,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜,由基膜和附着在基膜上的过滤层构成;所述过滤层的主要成分由氧化石墨烯和亚甲基蓝构成。
进一步,所述基膜为微滤膜。
一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将氧化石墨烯加纯水研磨至粒径分散均匀,在搅拌条件下加入纯水,稀释至5~20μg/mL,继续搅拌,得到氧化石墨烯悬浊液;
2)将所述氧化石墨烯悬浊液在200~600w下超声1~30min,得到分散均匀的氧化石墨烯水溶液;
3)向氧化石墨烯水溶液中加入亚甲基蓝,搅拌至混合均匀,得到制膜液;其中,所述氧化石墨烯占所述制膜液总质量的0.0001%~0.001%,亚甲基蓝占所述制膜液总质量的1×10-6%~1×10-4%;
4)将适宜量的所述制膜液加入砂芯漏斗,所述砂芯漏斗内预先铺设有基膜;真空抽滤,干燥,得到所述氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜。
进一步,所述亚甲基蓝占所述制膜液总质量的5×10-6%~1.5×10-5%。
进一步,步骤4)中所述干燥为室温干燥或冷冻干燥。
步骤3)中亚甲基蓝的含量对最终制得膜的性能影响重大,当亚甲基蓝含量小于5×10-6wt%时,氧化石墨烯(简写为GO)与亚甲基蓝(简写MB)之间是GO/MB共轭和GO/MB单面吸附,且共轭作用为主,吸附作用为辅;当亚甲基蓝含量为5×10-6wt%~1.5×10-5wt%时,此时GO/MB吸附作用刚好达到饱和,最终制得膜的截留率达到最佳;当亚甲基蓝含量高于1.5×10-5wt%时,MB/GO/MB双面吸附作用出现,最终制得膜的截留率开始下降。
由于氧化石墨烯与亚甲基蓝之间具有静电吸附作用和π-π共轭作用,因此与纯氧化石墨烯膜对比,氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜具有良好的稳定性能。在处理染料废水过程中,氧化石墨烯膜通过之字形通道传输水分子,加入亚甲基蓝后,由于静电吸附作用,在一定程度上减弱了氧化石墨烯膜的层间距,提高了氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜对不同染料分子的截留率。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案提供详细描述。
实施例1~3
一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
取0.005g片层氧化石墨烯加入研钵中,滴加纯水1mL研磨5min,将其转移到500mL圆底烧瓶中用纯水稀释至300mL,并在20℃下机械搅拌3.5h,然后超声至完全分散后密封保存到低温室,得到分散均匀的氧化石墨烯水溶液;
向氧化石墨烯水溶液中加入不同量的亚甲基蓝粉末,磁力搅拌24h,得到制膜液;
在砂芯漏斗内预先铺设混合纤维素微滤膜作为基膜,将100mL制膜液在-0.1Mpa的条件下通过真空抽滤成膜,再经过室温干燥2天得到氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜,该膜在低温下密封保存。
将实施例1~3得到氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜采用错流装置对其截染料性能进行测试,在0.2Mpa下对浓度均为50ppm的甲基橙溶液、分散黑9溶液、罗丹明B溶液分别进行测试,经5小时连续测试后发现,得到的截留率数据如下:
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
甲基橙溶液 96.37% 96.55% 95.37%
分散黑9溶液 99.8% 99.77% 99.75%
罗丹明B溶液 82.66% 77.54% 77.69%
对比例1
一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
取0.005g片层氧化石墨烯加入500mL圆底烧瓶中用纯水稀释至300mL,并在20℃下机械搅拌3.5h,然后超声至完全分散后密封保存到低温室,得到分散均匀的氧化石墨烯水溶液;
向氧化石墨烯水溶液中加入1×10-5wt.%亚甲基蓝粉末,磁力搅拌24h,得到制膜液;
在砂芯漏斗内预先铺设混合纤维素微滤膜作为基膜,将100mL制膜液在-0.1Mpa的条件下通过真空抽滤成膜,再经过室温干燥2天得到氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜,该膜在低温下密封保存。
将对比例1得到氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜采用错流装置对其截染料性能进行测试,在0.2Mpa下对浓度均为50ppm的甲基橙溶液、分散黑9溶液、罗丹明B溶液分别进行测试,经5小时连续测试后发现,得到的截留率数据如下:
甲基橙溶液 分散黑9溶液 罗丹明B溶液
截留率 90.21% 93.07% 66.55%
对比例2
一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
取0.005g片层氧化石墨烯加入研钵中,滴加纯水1mL研磨5min,将其转移到500mL圆底烧瓶中用纯水稀释至300mL,然后超声至完全分散后密封保存到低温室,得到分散均匀的氧化石墨烯水溶液;
向氧化石墨烯水溶液中加入1×10-5wt.%亚甲基蓝粉末,磁力搅拌24h,得到制膜液;
在砂芯漏斗内预先铺设混合纤维素微滤膜作为基膜,将100mL制膜液在-0.1Mpa的条件下通过真空抽滤成膜,再经过室温干燥2天得到氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜,该膜在低温下密封保存。
将对比例2得到氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜采用错流装置对其截染料性能进行测试,在0.2Mpa下对浓度均为50ppm的甲基橙溶液、分散黑9溶液、罗丹明B溶液分别进行测试,经5小时连续测试后发现,得到的截留率数据如下:
甲基橙溶液 分散黑9溶液 罗丹明B溶液
截留率 91.32% 92.46% 69.13%

Claims (6)

1.一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜,由基膜和附着在基膜上的过滤层构成,其特征在于:所述过滤层的主要成分由氧化石墨烯和亚甲基蓝构成。
2.如权利要求1所述氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜,其特征在于:所述基膜为微滤膜。
3.如权利要求1所述氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜,其特征在于:所述基膜为聚酰胺微滤膜、聚醚砜微滤膜、聚偏氟乙烯微滤膜、聚四氟乙烯微滤膜或混合纤维素微滤膜。
4.一种氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
1)将氧化石墨烯加纯水研磨至粒径分散均匀,在搅拌条件下加入纯水,稀释至5~20μg/mL,继续搅拌,得到氧化石墨烯悬浊液;
2)将所述氧化石墨烯悬浊液在200~600w下超声1~30min,得到分散均匀的氧化石墨烯水溶液;
3)向所述氧化石墨烯水溶液中加入亚甲基蓝,搅拌至混合均匀,得到制膜液;其中,所述氧化石墨烯占所述制膜液总质量的0.0001%~0.001%,亚甲基蓝占所述制膜液总质量的1×10-6%~1×10-4%;
4)将适宜量的所述制膜液加入砂芯漏斗,所述砂芯漏斗内预先铺设有基膜;真空抽滤,干燥,得到所述氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜。
5.如权利要求4所述氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述亚甲基蓝占所述制膜液总质量的5×10-6%~1.5×10-5%。
6.如权利要求4所述氧化石墨烯/亚甲基蓝复合膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中所述干燥为室温干燥或冷冻干燥。
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CN109772183A (zh) * 2019-03-19 2019-05-21 合肥工业大学 一种阴离子化合物插层g-C3N4复合膜的制备方法及其应用
CN110745904A (zh) * 2019-10-12 2020-02-04 南京师范大学 一种脱除脱硫废水中重金属汞的试验装置及试验方法
CN112456481A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-09 南京信息工程大学 一种氧化石墨烯纸的制备方法

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