CN109279964A - A kind of zinc fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of zinc fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109279964A CN109279964A CN201811330116.6A CN201811330116A CN109279964A CN 109279964 A CN109279964 A CN 109279964A CN 201811330116 A CN201811330116 A CN 201811330116A CN 109279964 A CN109279964 A CN 109279964A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer technical fields more particularly to a kind of zinc fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof.The present invention is extracted from plants to obtain natural environmental-protective while being rich in the plant source oligosaccharide substance of a variety of active ingredients using bio-fermentation process, by adding Zn-ef ficiency, the fermentation liquid containing cell wall oligosaccharides and zinc salt is obtained, which can promote the growth of crop, improve the yield of crop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer technical fields more particularly to a kind of zinc fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof.
Background technique
Zinc plays an important role plant growth, and when plant zinc deficiency, plant growth is suppressed, and especially internode is raw
Length is seriously obstructed, and shows chlorosis or alphosis between the arteries and veins of blade.Seriously affect plant each economic target.Research hair
Existing: (1) zinc is the component and activator of many enzymes, for example, alcohol dehydrogenase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, carbonic anhydrase and
RNA polymerase has reference state zinc.In glycolytic cycle, zinc is phosphoglyceride dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase and lactic dehydrogenase
The activator of enzyme, this all shows that zinc participates in the metabolic process of respiration and many kinds of substance；(2) zinc participates in the metabolism of auxin,
Zinc can promote indoles and serine to synthesize tryptophan, and tryptophan is the predecessor of auxin, therefore zinc can influence auxin indirectly
Synthesis；(3) zinc participates in the aquation of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis, and zinc is the activator of aldolase, and aldolase is photosynthetic
One of the key enzyme during carbon metablism is acted on, it can be catalyzed dihydro acetone and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted into 1,6- diphosphonic acid
The reaction of fructose feeds them into the approach of Starch synthesis in chloroplaset；(4) zinc promotes protein metabolism, and zinc is that protein closes
At the constituent of a variety of enzymes in the process, also it is to maintain necessary to ribosomal protein bulk structural integrity.As protein synthesizes
Necessary RNA polymerase, when plant zinc deficiency, rna polymerase activity is improved in plant, and RNA degradation is accelerated, and protein contains
Amount reduces；(5) zinc can promote plant generative organ to develop and improve stress resistance of plant.In short, zinc is by the effect of enzyme etc. to plant
Object metabolism generates suitable wide influence.
Plant zinc deficiency is mainly limited by edaphic condition, first is that soil acidity or alkalinity.The absorption of soil pH value influence zinc in soil
Balance also influences the diffusion of zinc in the soil.5~6.5 crop of general pH is not susceptible to zinc-deficiency.Hubei Province's soil is studied:
Zinc fertilizer effect is positively correlated with pH value, and rice soil pH is greater than 7.2, and zinc-deficiency easily occurs for rice, and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's clay fertilizer is ground
Study carefully: soil pH value is greater than 7.5, and zinc-deficiency easily occurs for corn；Second is that soil lime value content.Soil calcium carbonate can cause pH value to increase
With zinc by strong absorption, or the complex of zinc carbonate and zinc hydroxide is generated, to reduce soil validity and zinc fertilizer effect.
Sichuan Province's clay fertilizer is studied: Available Zn content in soil and soil calcium carbonate content are in extremely significant negative correlation；Third is that Soil Available Zinc
Content.Available Zn content in soil generally can be shown that soil for zinc intensity, is positively correlated with crop yield, directly affect zinc fertilizer effect
Fruit.There are zinc-deficiency situation, 2.8 ten thousand soil sample test results of the relevant department to national 31 provinces, national zinc-deficiency models in Farming area
It encloses and reaches 61%.Especially the Drylands such as northwest, North, Northeast China soil zinc deficiency is serious, and drought and water shortage more reduces ZINC IN SOIL
Validity, the shortage of Zn-ef ficiency, and influence moisture and be absorbed and utilized.
Currently marketed zinc fertilizer has: urea containing zinc, formula fertilizer containing zinc, compound fertilizer containing zinc, Water soluble fertilizer containing zinc.Above-mentioned fertilizer
The form of middle Zn-ef ficiency mainly based on inorganic zinc, mainly has zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate, ammonification zinc, such fertilizer is in pH less than 5
Under the conditions of, the assimilation effect of zinc is poor, and zinc hydroxide precipitation easily generated in alkaline soils.Also, inorganic states zinc fertilizer easily with
Phosphate fertilizer generates antagonism, and phosphate fertilizer easily forms trbasic zinc phosphate precipitating with the zinc of inorganic states, the utilization rate of phosphorus and zinc reduced, in phosphate fertilizer mistake
In the case where more, phosphorus can hinder the absorption of potassium, cause the fixation of zinc, cause zinc-deficiency, especially to zinc-deficiency than more sensitive crop,
Such as corn, rice, beet, soybean, pears, wherein most sensitive with corn, rice.Generally calacareous soil is rich in calcareous, is had
Effect zinc generates zinc carbonate or zinc hydroxide precipitation easily in conjunction with carbonate or hydroxyl and becomes invalid, so often pH value is higher
Soil zinc deficiency situation it is more common.
And the zinc of existing novel water-soluble fertilizer is mostly the chelating of the chelatings such as EDTA, seaweed, humic acid, amino acid in the market
Zinc, wherein EDTA-Zn contains a large amount of sodium ion, and content is up to 11.5%, easily causes the hardened of soil, and EDTA cannot be planted
Object absorbs, and degrades in the soil more difficult, and in European Union because ecological safety reason is assigned disabling and enabled, while EDTA is in water
It is added for many years in molten fertilizer, existing plant has produced certain drug resistance to it, it is difficult to adapt to agricultural to the need of ecological safety
It asks.The chelated zinc of amino acid and humic acids, chelating intensity is limited with respect to EDTA-Zn, the product in the stronger soil of alkalinity
Stability it is not high, and high production cost.Meanwhile the Indexs measure problem of the chelation percent in relation to zinc, China is also temporarily without industry mark
Standard causes chelating class zinc fertilizer product in the market very different.
Sugar has more application in fields such as food, health care, medicine, feeds, but agriculturally using less.Chitosan
Class, seaweed acids fertilizer are glucides in typical case used in agriculture, these two types of substances be mainly derived from shrimp and crab shells and
Marine algae, extraction cost is higher, and raw material are by territory restriction.Recent studies indicate that in higher plant, sugar and
Its derivative is not only transport and the storaging form of photoassimilates and energy, and is that can be perceived by plant cell, and then adjust
It controls gene expression and influences the strong signaling molecule of Physiology and biochemistry process.And oligosaccharides has certain physiology tune to plant
Section effect, some plant cell structures polysaccharide pass through the hydrolysis and glycosidic bond transferance of enzyme, release soluble oligosaccharide, can
Adjust the growth metabolism of plant.It can be seen that sugar plays a crucial role plant growth and development and gene expression.Sugar is made
For a kind of immune activation factor of plant, due to its dosage is few, nonhazardous, easily decompose, the characteristic of noresidue is increasingly by people
Concern, at present common oligosaccharides excitation subcategory have ligoglucoside, oligogalacturonans, chitin oligosaccharides, chitosan oligosaccharide,
Manna oligosacchride etc..This kind of oligosaccharides is mainly used on novel biopesticide, but the matured product developed currently on the market and few.
Zn-ef ficiency dissolubility is lower in sugar zinc fertilizer product at present and is easy to other compositions formation precipitating, and organic principle
It cannot be dissolved in water in a short time, Zn-ef ficiency needed for crop cannot be replenished in time or the symptom for alleviating zinc-deficiency, while fertilizer addition
Organic matter, which cannot make full use of, is also easy to produce carbon nutrition deficiency, influences healthy growth of crops.Therefore, further utilization rate is answered
Height is capable of providing and gives crop carbon source, improves the zinc fertilizer that crop utilizes Nutrient Absorption.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that provide a kind of zinc fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof, it should
Zinc fertilizer absorption rate is higher, and is capable of providing and gives plant carbon source, improves crop yield.
Zinc fertilizer provided by the invention is grouped as by the group of following mass parts:
4~10 parts of zinc salt；
90~96 parts of plant enzymolysis liquid；
In the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 24wt%~35wt%；The wt% of protein 2wt%~8；Polypeptide
1wt%~5wt%；Amino acid 0.8wt%~7wt%；
The zinc salt in zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc gluconate, zinc chloride, poly-aspartate zinc at least
It is a kind of.
In the embodiment of the present invention, at least one of konjaku, stalk, palm, coconut husk are come from the plant enzymolysis liquid.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the stalk is rice straw, wheat stalk or corn stover.
It include: plant oligosaccharides 35wt% in the plant enzymolysis liquid in some embodiments；8 wt% of protein；Polypeptide
1.5wt%；Amino acid 0.8wt%.
It include: plant oligosaccharides 30wt% in the plant enzymolysis liquid in some embodiments；Protein 1wt%；Polypeptide
5wt%；Amino acid 3wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 35wt%；2 wt% of protein；Polypeptide
1wt%；Amino acid 7wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 13.5wt%；Protein 2wt%；Polypeptide
0.6wt%；Amino acid 0.4wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 22.98wt%；Protein 2.2wt%；
Polypeptide 0.61wt%；Amino acid 0.5wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 28.91wt%；Protein 1wt%；It is more
Peptide 3wt%；Amino acid 2wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 47wt%；Protein 4wt%；Polypeptide
1wt%；Amino acid 1 wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 51.53wt%；Protein 2wt%；Polypeptide
3.2wt%；Amino acid 1 .1wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 44.7wt%；Protein 9wt%；Polypeptide
0.7wt%；Amino acid 1 .6wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 30.38wt%；Protein 2wt%；It is more
Peptide 3wt%；Amino acid 1 wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 2.8wt%；Protein 0.4wt%；It is more
Peptide 0.1wt%；Amino acid 0.21wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 12.68wt%；Protein 0.3wt%；
Polypeptide 1wt%；Amino acid 0.08wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 31.05wt%；Protein 2wt%；It is more
Peptide 2wt%；Amino acid 0.9wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 33.36wt%；Protein 9wt%；It is more
Peptide 0.8wt%；Amino acid 0.9wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 43.45wt%；Protein 9wt%；It is more
Peptide 1.5wt%；Amino acid 0.6wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 46.81wt%；Protein 12wt%；It is more
Peptide 2wt%；Amino acid 0.8wt%.
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 43.47wt%；Protein 10wt%；It is more
Peptide 1.7wt%；Amino acid 1 wt%.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the plant enzymolysis liquid further include: 50mg/kg~60mg/kg Fe2+, 70mg/kg~
80mg/kg Mn2+, 30mg/kg~40mg/kg Zn2+, 10mg/kg~20mg/kg Cu2+With 3mg/kg~5mg/kg B3+。
In some embodiments, in the plant enzymolysis liquid further include: 59.94mg/kg Fe2+、72.95 mg/kg Mn2+、
36.34mg/kg Zn2+、16.5mg/kg Cu2+With 3.24mg/kg B3+。
In the embodiment of the present invention, the plant oligosaccharides include: glucose, galactolipin, mannose, Portugal's mannose, fructose and
Xylose.
It include: 1wt%~5wt% galactolipin, 6wt%~16wt% sweet dew in the plant oligosaccharides in some embodiments
Sugar, the Portugal 2wt%~4wt% mannose, 0.5wt%~3wt% fructose and 0.5 wt%~2wt% xylose.In addition, in fermentation liquid
Also contain 5wt%~15wt% glucose.
In some specific embodiments, the plant oligosaccharides includes: that 2wt% galactolipin, 14wt% mannose, the Portugal 2wt% are sweet
Dew sugar, 1wt% fructose and 1wt% xylose.In addition, also containing 15wt% glucose in fermentation liquid.
In some specific embodiments, the plant oligosaccharides includes: that 5wt% galactolipin, 12wt% mannose, the Portugal 1wt% are sweet
Dew sugar, 1wt% fructose and 1wt% xylose.In addition, also containing 10wt% glucose in fermentation liquid.
In some specific embodiments, the plant oligosaccharides includes: that 1wt% galactolipin, 8wt% mannose, the Portugal 1wt% are sweet
Dew sugar, 3wt% fructose and 2wt% xylose.In addition, also containing 9wt% glucose in fermentation liquid.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the zinc salt is zinc sulfate and zinc nitrate；Zinc sulfate and zinc acetate；Zinc chloride and poly- asparagus fern
Propylhomoserin zinc.
In some embodiments, zinc sulfate comes from monohydrate zinc sulphate, and the mass ratio of the monohydrate zinc sulphate and zinc nitrate is 3:
2。
In some embodiments, zinc sulfate comes from monohydrate zinc sulphate, and the mass ratio of the monohydrate zinc sulphate and zinc acetate is 2:
2。
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the zinc chloride and poly-aspartate zinc is 5:4.
The preparation method of the plant enzymolysis liquid includes: that plant enzymolysis liquid is made with complex enzyme zymohydrolysis in plant material；
The complex enzyme in cellulase, zytase, mannonase galactomannans enzyme and pectase extremely
Few one kind.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the complex enzyme is by cellulase, zytase, mannonase galactomannans
Enzyme and pectase composition；
The enzyme activity of the cellulase is 2000u/g~100000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the zytase is 1000u/g~42000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the mannase is 2000u/g~50000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the galactomannans enzyme is 1000u/g~35000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the pectase is 1000u/g~100000u/g.
In some embodiments, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 100000u/g；The enzyme activity of the zytase is
20000u/g；The enzyme activity of the mannase is 50000u/g；The enzyme activity of the galactomannans enzyme is 20000u/g；Institute
The enzyme activity for stating pectase is 100000u/g.
In some embodiments, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 50000u/g；The enzyme activity of the zytase is 42000u/
g；The enzyme activity of the mannase is 30000u/g；The enzyme activity of the galactomannans enzyme is 1000u/g；The pectase
Enzyme activity be 1000u/g.
In some embodiments, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 2000u/g；The enzyme activity of the zytase is 1000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the mannase is 2000u/g；The enzyme activity of the galactomannans enzyme is 35000u/g；The pectase
Enzyme activity is 30000u/g.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the condition of the enzymatic hydrolysis are as follows: pH value is 4~7；30 DEG C~60 DEG C enzymatic hydrolysis 10h~20h.
In the preparation method of plant enzymolysis liquid, temperature is very big on chemical reaction influence, for enzymic catalytic reaction, lower than a certain
Temperature, reaction possibly can not carry out, and be higher than a certain temperature, and enzyme may inactivate.Studies have shown that between 30~60 DEG C conveniently originally
The invention enzyme is reacted.From content sugared in product obtained is digested under different temperatures it is found that enzymatic hydrolysis at 50 DEG C
Reaction efficiency is higher.
Enzymolysis time is critically important in actual production, facilitates rational allocation production task, in different enzymolysis time points, surveys
Determine sugared content in enzymolysis liquid.Studies have shown that hydrolysis result extends at any time and improves, but when enzymolysis time reaches 20h, enzymolysis liquid
Middle sugared content reaches higher level, and the time extends again for improving sugared content without too big effect, comprehensively considers, when enzymatic hydrolysis is suitable for
Between be 20h.
The preparation method of zinc fertilizer of the present invention, which is characterized in that by plant material with complex enzyme zymohydrolysis, gained enzymolysis liquid
It is mixed with zinc salt after concentrated to zinc salt supersaturation, zinc fertilizer is made；
The complex enzyme in cellulase, zytase, mannonase galactomannans enzyme and pectase extremely
Few one kind；
The zinc salt in zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc gluconate, zinc chloride, poly-aspartate zinc at least
It is a kind of.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the condition of the enzymatic hydrolysis are as follows: pH value is 4~7；30 DEG C~60 DEG C enzymatic hydrolysis 10h~20h.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the complex enzyme is by cellulase, zytase, mannonase galactomannans
Enzyme and pectase composition；
The enzyme activity of the cellulase is 2000u/g~100000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the zytase is 1000u/g~42000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the mannase is 2000u/g~50000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the galactomannans enzyme is 1000u/g~35000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the pectase is 1000u/g~100000u/g.
Zinc fertilizer made from zinc fertilizer of the present invention or preparation method of the present invention, changes as crop fertilizer or soil
Good dose of application.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the crop is caraway or rice.
The effect of the crop fertilizer includes: to improve plant height, fresh weight and the stem number of plant；Improve plant amino acid, Ye Lv
The content of element and microelement；Improve vegetable seeds mass of 1000 kernel；The effective fringe of crop is promoted to generate；Improve crop yield.
The present invention also provides a kind of promotion plant growth and/or the methods for improving crop yield, give of the present invention
Zinc fertilizer or preparation method of the present invention made from zinc fertilizer.
The crop is caraway or rice.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the mode given is that foliage-spray or ground punching are applied；The amount of the foliage-spray is
3kg/ mus~5kg/ mus；The amount that the ground punching is applied is 5kg/ mus~10kg/ mus.
The application method of zinc fertilizer provided by the invention is to be carried out with water or other liquid manure to zinc fertilizer provided by the invention dilute
It releases, the diluted multiple is 800~1500 times.800 times of dilution is used for foliage-spray；1500 times of dilution is rushed for ground
It applies.
Using zinc fertilizer provided by the invention as experimental group, using clear water as negative control group, using commercially available zinc fertilizer as positive control.It is logical
It crosses base and applies to apply with base and spray the different disposal comparison plant height of caraway, fresh weight, stem number, amino acid content, chlorophyll content and micro-
Each growth indexes such as the content of secondary element Zn, the caraway growing way that zinc fertilizer of the present invention is applied in discovery are superior to each control group.Show this
Product is more advantageous to the photosynthesis for promoting caraway, is conducive to synthesis, the product of blade Determination of Chlorophyll compared with conventional fertilizer
It is tired, increase total amino acid content, caraway is promoted to accumulate trace elements zn.This shows after applying zinc fertilizer provided by the invention, fragrant
The N that dish absorbs increases, and helps to synthesize chlorophyll or enzyme relevant to chlorophyll metabolism, so that caraway has the preferable source N, promotees
Into growth.
Zinc fertilizer provided by the invention is diluted 800 times, is sprayed in rice ear sprouting period, application effect well is achieved
Fruit.In the fertilising of same nutrient equivalent, the rice root of zinc fertilizer processing of the present invention is more flourishing, and blade is greener, effective tillering
Number is more, can be improved rice number of productive ear, mass of 1000 kernel and rice yield.With etc. dosages common fertilizer compared with, spray sugared zinc
Rice can increase production 15.16%, illustrate that the present invention has good production-increasing function.In addition to being able to use other than paddy field, the present invention
It can also be used in wheat, corn field etc., it is same that there is volume increase, somatotrophic effect.
The present invention is extracted from plants to obtain natural environmental-protective while being rich in a variety of active ingredients using bio-fermentation process
Plant source oligosaccharide substance obtains the fermentation liquid containing cell wall oligosaccharides and zinc salt, which can be with by adding Zn-ef ficiency
Promote the growth of crop, improve the yield of crop.
The invention has the following advantages that (1) can effective zinc supplementation, improve absorption and utilization rate of the plant to zinc；(2) it provides
The carbon source of plant growth improves carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), enhances the photosynthesis of crop, effective regulating crop growth, and produce are made in raising
Amount；(3) good water solubility, stable in physicochemical property are not likely to produce precipitating；(4) glycan, oligosaccharides, monosaccharide and Zn-ef ficiency are combined into difference
Form, fertilizer efficiency duration are long；(5) punching is applied using the beneficial microbe and enzymatic activity that can effectively activate in soil, improves soil
Nutrient Transformation ability and Activities of Phosphatase in Soil make Mineralization of organic phosphorus in soil reduce the middle phosphorus element that is manured into soil at Phos
It is fixed, invalidate phosphorus and be converted into available phosphorus, promotes absorption of the root system to phosphorus, improve utilization rate of fertilizer；(6) drought resisting, oligosaccharides are retained
Containing hydrophilic actives groups such as a large amount of hydroxyl, carboxyls in element, drought-resistant water-preserving can be played the role of in conjunction with soil moisture；
(7) plant anti-oxidation enzymatic activity is excited, induction crop generates degeneration-resistant disease resistance；(8) raw material sources are in plant, to environment friend
It is good；(9) simple process, raw material sources are extensive, without geographical restrictions, cheap, effectively reduce product cost.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of zinc fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof, those skilled in the art can be used for reference in this paper
Hold, is suitably modified realization of process parameters.In particular, it should be pointed out that all similar substitutions and modifications are to those skilled in the art
For be it will be apparent that they are considered as being included in the present invention.Method and application of the invention, which has passed through, preferably to be implemented
Example is described, related personnel obviously can not depart from the content of present invention, in spirit and scope to methods herein and application
It is modified or appropriate changes and combinations, carrys out implementation and application the technology of the present invention.
The test material that the present invention uses is all common commercially available product, can all be bought in market.
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further explained:
Embodiment 1
Using konjaku as raw material, after crushing pH value be 5.5, temperature be 50 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 100000u/g
Cellulase, 20000u/g zytase, 50000u/g mannonase 20000u/g galactomannans enzyme and
100000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 20h；Obtain enzymolysis liquid.
Embodiment 2
Using rice object stalk as raw material, after crushing pH value be 7, temperature be 50 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 50000u/
The cellulase of g, 42000u/g zytase, 30000u/g mannonase 1000u/g galactomannans enzyme and
1000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 20h.
Embodiment 3
Using palm as raw material, after crushing pH value be 4, temperature be 60 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 2000u/g fibre
Tie up plain enzyme, 1000u/g zytase, 2000u/g mannonase 35000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 30000u/g pectin
Enzyme digests 20h.
Embodiment 4
Using konjaku as raw material, after crushing pH value be 5.5, temperature be 50 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 100000u/g
Cellulase, 4000u/g zytase, 10000u/g mannonase 20000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 5000u/
G pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis is for 24 hours.
Embodiment 5
Using rice object stalk as raw material, after crushing pH value be 6.8, temperature be 35 DEG C under conditions of, be through enzyme activity
Cellulase, 15000u/g zytase, the 20000u/g mannonase 35000u/g galactomannans of 80000u/g
Enzyme and 8000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 16h.
Embodiment 6
Using palm as raw material, in pH value it is 5 after crushing, is 100000u/g through enzyme activity under conditions of temperature is 40 DEG C
Cellulase, 40000u/g zytase, 40000u/g mannonase 2400u/g galactomannans enzyme and 2000u/g
Pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 20h.
Embodiment 7
Using konjaku as raw material, in pH value it is 5.5 after crushing, is 60000u/g through enzyme activity under conditions of temperature is 45 DEG C
Cellulase, 15000u/g zytase, 35000u/g mannonase 30000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 50000u/
G pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 16h.
Embodiment 8
Using rice object stalk as raw material, after crushing pH value be 7, temperature be 50 DEG C under conditions of, be through enzyme activity
Cellulase, 42000u/g zytase, the 30000u/g mannonase 5000u/g galactomannans of 100000u/g
Enzyme and 8000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 16h.
Embodiment 9
Using palm as raw material, after crushing pH value be 5, temperature be 55 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 80000u/g fibre
Tie up plain enzyme, 40000u/g zytase, 40000u/g mannonase 20000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 80000u/g
Pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 14h.
Embodiment 10
Using konjaku as raw material, in pH value it is 5.8 after crushing, is 50000u/g through enzyme activity under conditions of temperature is 60 DEG C
Cellulase, 50000u/g zytase, 50000u/g mannonase 26000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 50000u/
G pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 14h.
Embodiment 11
Using rice object stalk as raw material, after crushing pH value be 7, temperature be 60 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 80000u/
The cellulase of g, 25000u/g zytase, 40000u/g mannonase 35000u/g galactomannans enzyme and
55000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 4h.
Embodiment 12
Using rice object stalk as raw material, after crushing pH value be 7, temperature be 50 DEG C under conditions of, be through enzyme activity
Cellulase, 30000u/g zytase, the 50000u/g mannonase 10000u/g galactomannans of 100000u/g
Enzyme and 80000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 8h.
Embodiment 13
Using palm as raw material, after crushing pH value be 4, temperature be 30 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 80000u/g fibre
Tie up plain enzyme, 42000u/g zytase, 40000u/g mannonase 10000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 80000u/g
Pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 12h.
Embodiment 14
Using palm as raw material, in pH value it is 4 after crushing, is 100000u/g through enzyme activity under conditions of temperature is 40 DEG C
Cellulase, 10000u/g zytase, 20000u/g mannonase 30000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 50000u/
G pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 16h.
Embodiment 15
Using palm as raw material, after crushing pH value be 4, temperature be 60 DEG C under conditions of, through enzyme activity be 80000u/g fibre
Tie up plain enzyme, 10000u/g zytase, 35000u/g mannonase 35000u/g galactomannans enzyme and 60000u/g
Pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 15h.
Embodiment 16
Using konjaku as raw material, in pH value it is 5.5 after crushing, is 80000u/g through enzyme activity under conditions of temperature is 45 DEG C
Cellulase, 10000u/g zytase, 30000u/g mannonase 20000u/g galactomannans enzyme and
100000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis is for 24 hours.
Embodiment 17
Using rice object stalk as raw material, after crushing pH value be 5.5, temperature be 30 DEG C under conditions of, be through enzyme activity
Cellulase, 40000u/g zytase, the 50000u/g mannonase 20000u/g galactomannans of 100000u/g
Enzyme and 50000u/g pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis 28h.
Composition detection
Enzymolysis liquid made from embodiment 1~17 is detected:
1, using sugared concentration in anthrone colorimetry measurement enzymolysis liquid: hexose-based, penta furfural in free hexose or polysaccharide
And hexuronic acid is dehydrated under the action of the concentrated sulfuric acid and generates furfural derivatives, the chemical combination of furfural derivatives and anthrone condensation au bleu
Object has absorption maximum at 620nm, in certain sugared concentration range (200ug/ml), solution absorbance value and sugar juice it is dense
It spends linear.With sugared concentration in anthrone colorimetry measurement enzymolysis liquid in experiment, the extinction of Standard glucose solution is first measured
Degree makes standard curve.
2, using type and content sugared in Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Enzymatic solution liquid
3, protein content, content of peptides, amino acid content are measured using protein, amino acid detector.
In each embodiment, the testing result of enzymolysis liquid such as table 1:
The testing result of 1 enzymolysis liquid of table
The result shows that obtained by Examples 1 to 3 in enzymolysis liquid, nutrition content highest, total sugar content up to 70% with
On, while the content of protein, amino acid polypeptide, also above enzymolysis liquid made from other embodiments, the effect is through counting credit
Analysis, there are significant difference, p < 0.05.
Embodiment 18
The enzymolysis liquid that embodiment 1 is obtained, being concentrated into sugar content is 35%: zinc salt is gradually added into, until mass fraction is distinguished
Are as follows: monohydrate zinc sulphate 3%, zinc nitrate 2%.Then removal of impurities refilters to get zinc fertilizer.
Embodiment 19
The enzymolysis liquid that embodiment 2 is obtained, being concentrated into sugar content is 34%: zinc salt is gradually added into, until mass fraction is distinguished
Are as follows: monohydrate zinc sulphate 2%, zinc acetate 2%.Then removal of impurities refilters to get zinc fertilizer.
Embodiment 20
The enzymolysis liquid that embodiment 3 is obtained, being concentrated into sugar content is 30%: zinc salt is gradually added into, until mass fraction is distinguished
Are as follows: zinc chloride 5%, poly-aspartate zinc 4%.Then removal of impurities refilters to get zinc fertilizer.
Composition detection
Zinc fertilizer made from embodiment 18~20 is detected, as a result such as table 2:
The testing result of 2 zinc fertilizer of table
Efficacy validation
1, indoor a small amount of experiments, using caraway as sample；It is right using commercially available zinc fertilizer as positive control using clear water as blank control
The effect of zinc fertilizer made from embodiment 18~20 is detected.
Blank control group: normal irrigation；
Conventional base is applied: being calculated every basin fertilizer amount according to 150,000 kg soil/mu, 50kg fertilizer/mu, 1.5kg soil/basin, is taken commercially available
Conventional fertilizer (NPK25-8-15) 0.5g and basin soil mix, and simulation crop field base applies fertilizer to the subsoil, laggard dish transplanting of holding or participate in a prayer service at a temple.
Conventional base chases after: calculating every basin fertilizer amount according to 150,000 kg soil/mu, 50kg fertilizer/mu, 1.5kg soil/basin, is taking city
It sells conventional fertilizer (NPK25-8-15) 0.5g and basin soil mixes, simulation crop field base applies fertilizer to the subsoil, and after caraway is transplanted 20 days, takes commercially available zinc fertilizer
800 times of liquid are diluted to, carry out foliage-spray with watering can.
Sugared zinc-base chases after: calculating every basin fertilizer amount according to 150,000 kg soil/mu, 50kg fertilizer/mu, 1.5kg soil/basin, is taking city
It sells conventional fertilizer (NPK25-8-15) 0.5g and basin soil mixes, simulation crop field base applies fertilizer to the subsoil, after caraway is transplanted 20 days, Example 18
~20 obtained zinc fertilizers are diluted to 800 times of liquid, carry out foliage-spray with watering can.
The effect that the zinc fertilizer of the present invention of table 3 grows caraway
The result shows that: for conventional similar product as experimental group, clear water is control group using sugared zinc and on the market, by Ji Shi and
Base applies plant height, fresh weight, stem number, amino acid content, chlorophyll content and the trace elements zn for spraying different disposal comparison caraway
Each growth indexes such as content, the caraway growing way of discovery dosed cells wall oligosaccharide zinc-rich liquid is superior to other groups.Show this production
Product are more advantageous to the photosynthesis for promoting caraway compared with conventional fertilizer, are conducive to synthesis, the accumulation of blade Determination of Chlorophyll,
Increase total amino acid content, caraway is promoted to accumulate trace elements zn.Reason may be because after the sugared zinc fertilizer of application, and caraway absorbs
N increase, help to synthesize chlorophyll or enzyme relevant to chlorophyll metabolism, so that caraway has the preferable source N, promote life
It is long.And give in the caraway of 18~20 zinc fertilizer of embodiment, the every growth indexes for giving the caraway of embodiment 18 are superior to other
Experimental group produces the difference of conspicuousness with the caraway for giving embodiment 19~20 in terms of fresh weight, plant height and chlorophyll content
It is different, p < 0.05.
2, field demonstration is tested, using rice as sample；It is right using commercially available zinc fertilizer as positive control using clear water as blank control
The effect of zinc fertilizer made from embodiment 18~20 is detected.Zinc fertilizer provided by the invention is diluted 800 times with water, is taken out in rice
Ear period is sprayed, effect such as table 4
Effect of the zinc fertilizer of the present invention of table 4 to paddy growth
In the fertilising of same nutrient equivalent, the rice root of sugared zinc processing is more flourishing, and blade is greener, available tillering
More, rice number of productive ear, mass of 1000 kernel and rice yield be can be improved.Compared with equal nutrients common fertilizer, sugared zinc rice is sprayed
9% or more can be increased production, illustrate that the present invention has good production-increasing function, give the rice yield and sky of 18~20 zinc fertilizer of embodiment
White control or the experimental group for giving conventional zinc fertilizer produce the difference of conspicuousness, p < 0.05.And the zinc fertilizer of embodiment 18 can be more
The significant plant strain growth for promoting rice, plant height produce significant difference compared with the rice for giving embodiment 19~20,
p<0.05。
In addition to being able to use other than paddy field, the present invention can also be used in wheat, corn field etc., same to have volume increase, growth-promoting
Long effect.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that those skilled in the art are come
It says, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of zinc fertilizer, which is characterized in that be grouped as by the group of following mass parts:
4~10 parts of zinc salt；
90~96 parts of plant enzymolysis liquid；
In the plant enzymolysis liquid, comprising: plant oligosaccharides 24wt%~35wt%；Protein 2wt%~8wt%；Polypeptide 1wt%
~5wt%；Amino acid 0.8wt%~7wt%；
The zinc salt is at least one in zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc gluconate, zinc chloride, poly-aspartate zinc
Kind.
2. zinc fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the plant enzymolysis liquid from konjaku, stalk, palm,
At least one of coconut husk.
3. zinc fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the plant enzymolysis liquid further include: 50mg/kg~
60mg/kg Fe2+, 70mg/kg~80mg/kg Mn2+, 30mg/kg~40mg/kg Zn2+, 10mg/kg~20mg/kg Cu2+With
3mg/kg~5mg/kg B3+。
4. the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 3 zinc fertilizer, which is characterized in that by plant material with complex enzyme zymohydrolysis,
It is mixed with zinc salt after gained enzymolysis liquid is concentrated to zinc salt supersaturation, zinc fertilizer is made；
The complex enzyme is at least one in cellulase, zytase, mannonase galactomannans enzyme and pectase
Kind；
The zinc salt is at least one in zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc gluconate, zinc chloride, poly-aspartate zinc
Kind.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the condition of the enzymatic hydrolysis are as follows: pH value is 4~7；30℃
~60 DEG C of enzymatic hydrolysis 10h~20h.
6. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the complex enzyme is by cellulase, zytase, sweet
Reveal dextranase, galactomannans enzyme and pectase composition；
The enzyme activity of the cellulase is 2000u/g~100000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the zytase is 1000u/g~42000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the mannase is 2000u/g~50000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the galactomannans enzyme is 1000u/g~35000u/g；
The enzyme activity of the pectase is 1000u/g~100000u/g.
7. zinc fertilizer made from the described in any item zinc fertilizers of claims 1 to 3 or claim 4~6 preparation method, as
The application of crop fertilizer or soil conditioner.
8. application according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the crop is caraway or rice.
9. a kind of method for promoting plant growth and/or improving crop yield, which is characterized in that it is any to give claims 1 to 3
Zinc fertilizer made from zinc fertilizer or claim 4~6 preparation method described in.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the mode given is that foliage-spray or ground punching are applied；
The amount of the foliage-spray is 3kg/ mus~5kg/ mus；The amount that the ground punching is applied is 5kg/ mus~10kg/ mus.
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