CN109229057B - 机动车 - Google Patents

机动车 Download PDF

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CN109229057B
CN109229057B CN201810729943.6A CN201810729943A CN109229057B CN 109229057 B CN109229057 B CN 109229057B CN 201810729943 A CN201810729943 A CN 201810729943A CN 109229057 B CN109229057 B CN 109229057B
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motor vehicle
charging
signal transmitter
control unit
signal
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CN109229057A (zh
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K.H.吕尔
G.彭肖恩
C-P.布吕克纳
A.奥尔特纳
P.乌尔里希
H.豪普特
B.巴特尔斯
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Volkswagen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/40—Features of the power supply for the anti-theft system, e.g. anti-theft batteries, back-up power supply or means to save battery power
    • B60R25/406—Power supply in the remote key
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/006—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to power outlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/01—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/10—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/611—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/77—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation using wireless control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/72409—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
    • H04M1/72412—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories using two-way short-range wireless interfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/43—Motors
    • E05Y2201/434—Electromotors; Details thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
    • E05Y2400/30—Electronic control of motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/61—Power supply
    • E05Y2400/612—Batteries
    • E05Y2400/614—Batteries charging thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/65—Power or signal transmission
    • E05Y2400/66—Wireless transmission
    • E05Y2400/664—Wireless transmission by radio waves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/80—User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/85—User input means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/531—Doors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种机动车(3)，其装备有电的关门机构(4)、基于无线电的信号接收器(6)和控制单元(7)，其中关门机构(4)在接收和验证进入授权码后可通过由控制单元(7)产生的电信号操纵。机动车(3)在此具有可从外部接近的充电器件(5,9)，从而设置成用于产生进入码的信号发送器(1)在未充分的充电状态的情形中可从机动车(3)的车载电网中被充电。另外本发明描述了一种用于给信号发送器(1)充电的方法，该方法可利用根据本发明的装置来实施。

Description

机动车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车，该机动车装备有电的关门机构、用于接收进入授权码(Zugangsberechtigungscode)的基于无线电的接收器和用于给电的信号发送器(Signalgeber)充电的充电装置。另外本发明涉及一种方法，利用该方法在使用所公开的机动车的情形中可给信号发送器充电以用于打开机动车。
背景技术
基于无线电的电的关门机构现今在机动车中可视为标准。同时在许多机动车中放弃了传统的、机械的点火开关并且由简单的启停按钮来替代。
在取消传统的点火开关的情况下机械钥匙也是非必需的。取而代之，使用了电信号发送器以用于开门和关门。
该信号发送器最初被集成到机械钥匙中。然而在此期间还使用其它的结构形式，如类似信用卡的信号发送器。
附加地，所使用的信号发送器通常具有超出了机动车的原本的打开和关闭的补充的功能性。因此在这种信号发送器中可存储用于使机动车个人化的信息。由此在打开机动车之后选出的参数(例如座位的设定)可已经匹配于钥匙且由此匹配于用户。
未来的解决方案设置成，为了打开机动车完全地放弃专门的、机动车特有的信号发送器。取而代之使用移动电话设备尤其智能手机，其借助于专门的软件进行装备。软件使得进入授权码的产生以及紧接着传输到机动车处成为可能。典型地，软件以所谓的App形式实现。由此移动电话设备承担了信号发送器的功能。
不取决于信号发送器的实施方案，在日常运行中可出现如下问题，即信号发送器具有不充分的用于打开机动车的充电状态。由此必须寻找一种解决方案，借助于该解决方案尽管基于无线电的信号发送器失效驾驶员也可到达到机动车中。
在文件DE 10 2006 021 172中为此公开了一种机械的钥匙，其集成到电子钥匙中。在紧急情形中，紧急钥匙从原本的钥匙中取出。接着可经由常规的机械的锁打开机动车。
在文件DE 10 2007 014 179中提出了一种类似的解决方案。在此也公开了机械的紧急钥匙。然而该机械钥匙在电子钥匙的壳体中的布置以及所设置的锁止不同于文件DE10 2006 021 172。由此实现了紧急钥匙在钥匙壳体中改善的保持，从而即使在掉落的情形中紧急钥匙也不掉出。
在文件DE 10 2013 009 070中提出了一种用于紧急解锁机动车的机械的解决方案。在电子钥匙失效的情形中可经由外后视镜的运动而实现解锁相关联的门。对此，外后视镜借助于鲍登拉线与门锁连接。如果后视镜例如向前运动到限定的位置中，则对应的门锁解锁。
在文件US 8947202 B2中描述了一种用于借助于作为信号发送器的智能手机来打开机动车的解决方案。对此，在智能手机和机动车之间建立基于蓝牙的连接，其中作为有利的设计方案记录了带有在应用第二智能手机的情况下进行的认证的解决方案。未公开针对第一智能手机和/或第二智能手机具有不充分的充电状态的情形的解决方案。
尽管存在所描述的已知的解决方案但是此外存在这样的任务，即找到一种成本适宜的解决方案，该解决方案即使在电子钥匙由于过低的充电状态而不能产生和传输为了打开所必要的进入授权码时也使得打开机动车成为可能。该任务尤其在使用移动电话设备或智能手机作为信号发送器时提出。
发明内容
根据本发明，该目的通过一种根据本发明的机动车实现。本发明的有利的设计方案通过说明书来描述。附加地在本发明中公开了必要的方法，借助于该方法根据本发明的机动车即使在信号发送器的不足够的充电状态的情形下也可被打开。
利用该公开的解决方案可实现的技术效果在于，描述了一种装备有可电操纵的基于无线电的关门机构的机动车，该机动车在信号发送器的不充分的充电状态的情形下准备了充电可能性，从而可在提取最小量的电能之后打开机动车。
在本发明中所描述的机动车具有电的关门机构、基于无线电的信号发送器和至少一个控制单元。如果驾驶员靠近机动车，则驾驶员典型地通过操纵信号发送器而获得进入机动车。除了已知的无线电钥匙之外尤其使用以智能手机形式的移动电话设备作为信号发送器。智能手机就此而言越来越重要。智能手机可通过相应的软件应用训练成数字钥匙并且因此承担了信号发送器的功能。
如果驾驶员确定信号发送器的充电状态不充分，对驾驶员来说进入首先不可行。本发明作为解决方案提出了一种安置在机动车中/或处的充电器件，该充电器件可从外部接近。根据本发明该充电器件可与信号发送器电连接。处于机动车中的控制单元如此地实施，即使得其可控制充电过程，直到达到为打开机动车而充分的充电状态为止。
在本发明的一种优选的设计方案中，充电器件根据感应的工作原理来实施。对此，在机动车的可良好接近的部位处安装有线圈。为了充电可将信号发送器安放到线圈的一个上。对于这样的线圈的布置优选的部位尤其处在前挡风玻璃的黑色着色(Schwarztönung)的区域中或处在相应的车身部件之后。
在本发明的一种备选的设计方案中，借助于缆线建立在充电器件和信号发送器之间的连接。该缆线以优选的方式布置在缆线格中以保护免于环境影响。借助于插头可使充电缆线在需要时与信号发送器连接。
在一种有利的设计方案中，所述至少一个控制单元如此实施，即其使得信号发送器的认证成为可能。取决于信号发送器的类型，在此不同的认证技术是可行的。尤其适合的是被动式应答器(Transponder)。如果这样的应答器被带到充电器件附近，控制单元可识别出，信号发送器被认证用于充电。在此在本发明的意义中不仅是一种这样的解决方案(即在其中应答器实施为例如以钥匙挂件的形式的独立的单元)，而且是一种这样的解决方案(即在其中应答器持久地安置在信号发送器中或处)。如果该信号发送器是移动电话设备例如智能手机，则作为合适的解决方案布置在设备的内部中的应答器是可行的。
在本发明的一种有利的设计方案中，所述至少一个控制单元如此实施，即其使得限制可从机动车的车载电网提取的能量成为可能。对此，可在控制单元中存储有不同的提取策略。在纯基于时间的提取策略中，提取在限定的时段后结束。新的充电循环可在一定的等待时间后才启动，其中以优选的方式在两个充电循环之间的间歇随着每个循环变得更长。在一种备选的实施方式中控制可提取的能量。在到达预限定的量之后结束充电循环。在此在优选的设计方案中还可在限定的等待时间经过之后才启动新的充电循环。
在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，控制单元如此设计，即使得在充电过程启动之前可检查在机动车的车载电网中剩余的电压(自我保护)。在此，该控制系统具有用于监视车载电网电压的功能。如果车载电网电压低于预限定的值，则不释放或中止外部的充电。
在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，在控制单元中执行了用于发出状况通知的功能。这样的状况通知可尤其在信号发送器的成功接触、成功的认证以及充电过程的结束或中断之后发出。
附图说明
接下来参考附图根据优选的实施例进一步阐述了根据本发明的装置以及可利用该装置实施的方法。其中：
图1显示了以装备有钥匙App的智能手机形式的信号发送器，
图2显示了带有针对用于感应式充电的线圈的布置选择的机动车的构造，
图3显示了带有作为至信号发送器的连接件的缆线的可选的布置的机动车的前视图，
图4显示了用于连接信号发送器的缆线装置的细节视图，
图5显示了用于使用充电装置的方法。
参考标号列表
1 移动电话设备(信号发送器)
2 软件应用(App)
3 机动车
4 关门机构
5 线圈
6 信号接收器
7 控制单元
8 充电缆线格
9 充电缆线
100 接触信号发送器
200 发出状况信号
300 认证
400 发出状况信号
500 启动充电过程
600 发出状况信号
700 结束充电过程。
具体实施方式
图1显示了市面上常见的智能手机1，其应用作为用于打开机动车的信号发送器。在该设备上安装有相应的App 2，该App作为数字钥匙起作用。除了原本打开和关闭机动车之外，该App能够实施附加功能(例如，传送个人化的信息以用于预设机动车功能或设定)。
图2、3和4显示了机动车的构造以及用于充电器件的优选的布置变型方案。
在图2中示出了一种解决方案，在其中机动车3具有多个线圈5以用于智能手机1的感应式充电。线圈5以优选的方式安置在挡风玻璃的黑色着色的区域中或安置在合适的非金属的车身部件之后。
在图3和4中公开了用于充电装置的备选布置。在此为了将信号发送器1与充电装置连接设置有充电缆线9。该充电缆线以优选的方式在盖板之后布置在充电缆线格8中，以便保护充电缆线免于气候影响。
接下来参考图5描述了可借助于公开的装置所实施的方法。
该方法的起点是驾驶员靠近其机动车3及其借助于信号发送器1打开机动车的愿望。如果驾驶员确定信号发送器1未充分地充电或可能已经完全关机，则机动车3的打开失败。然而为了可到达到机动车3中，再充电是必要的。
取决于信号发送器1的类型和装备，提供了不同的处理备选方案。如果这涉及移动电话设备1且该移动电话设备具有用于感应式充电的器件，则驾驶员在第一方法步骤100中以设备靠近现有的充电线圈5中的一个或将设备安放到相应的面上。备选地，驾驶员打开充电缆线格8并且在方法步骤100中将移动电话设备与隐藏在充电缆线格中的充电缆线相连接。
如果建立了接触，则在步骤200中首先给用户发出状况信号。该状况信号向用户表明了，建立了必要的电接触。在进一步的方法步骤300中进行信号发送器1的认证。如果认证成功并且机动车1的车载电网具有用于充电过程的足够的电压，则在步骤400中在优选的设计方案中发出相应的状况信号。
充电过程的启动在步骤500中进行。该方法步骤还在步骤600中在优选的设计方案中通过发出状况信号来表明给用户。
在充电时间经过之后或在传输了限定的能量之后，结束充电过程(步骤700)。在另一方法步骤800中，该结束在优选的设计方案中通过相应的状况信号来表明给用户，该状况信号由控制单元6发出。
在充电过程结束之后，存在用于打开机动车3的可能性。如果信号发送器1的充电状态应该还不足够，可通过分离和重新连接信号发送器1来重新启动该过程。

Claims (11)

1.一种机动车(3)，包括
a. 可电操纵的关门机构(4)，
b. 用于接收进入授权码的信号接收器(6)，和
c. 至少一个控制单元(7)，其用于评价接收的所述进入授权码并且用于产生用于所述关门机构(4)的控制信号，
其特征在于，
a. 存在可从所述机动车的外部接近的充电器件以用于给信号发送器(1)进行充电，所述充电器件提供缆线连接供使用以用于联接所述信号发送器(1)，并且，
b. 所述至少一个控制单元(7)设立成在所述机动车(3)的闭锁的状态中进行在充电过程的范围中从所述机动车(3)的车载电网传输到所述信号发送器处的能量的控制，从而可在提取最小量的电能之后打开所述机动车。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机动车(3)，其特征在于，利用所述至少一个控制单元(7)可执行所述信号发送器(1)的认证以用于充电。
3.根据权利要求1所述的机动车(3)，其特征在于，所述至少一个控制单元(7)使得限制待传输的能量成为可能。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的机动车(3)，其特征在于，借助于所述至少一个控制单元(7)可执行在所述机动车(3)的车载电网中的充电状态的确定，并且在低于所述充电状态的极限值的情形中不进行充电过程的激活或者在充电过程进行时结束充电过程。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的机动车(3)，其特征在于，所述至少一个控制单元(7)配备成用于发出状况信息。
6.一种用于给信号发送器(1)充电的方法，其中，
a. 将信号发送器(1)与位于机动车(3)处的可从外部接近的充电器件电连接，所述信号发送器(1)的充电借助于所述充电器件和缆线(9)实现，并且
b. 以在所述机动车(3)的闭锁的状态中通过处于机动车中的控制单元(7)控制的方式在使用所述机动车(3)的车载电网中的能源的情况下执行所述信号发送器(1)的充电过程，从而可在提取最小量的电能之后打开所述机动车。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，借助于所述控制单元(7)在所述充电过程启动之前进行所述信号发送器(1)的认证以用于充电。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，借助于所述控制单元(7)发出状况信号以用于确认所述信号发送器的成功认证。
9.根据权利要求6到8中任一项所述的方法，其中，借助于所述控制单元(7)执行所述机动车的车载电网电压的检查。
10.根据权利要求6到8中任一项所述的方法，其中，借助于所述控制单元(7)在充电过程期间控制传输的能量。
11.根据权利要求6到8中任一项所述的方法，其中，借助于所述控制单元(7)发出信号以用于确认充电过程结束。
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