CN109222029A - 一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,包括囊芯和囊皮,以重量份数计,囊芯由以下原料制备得到:蜂胶粉90~120份、桑叶提取物50~70份、苦瓜提取物50~70份、玉米油250~275份和蜂蜡15~20份;囊皮由以下原料制备得到:明胶100~150份、甘油40~60份、可可壳色素0.1~0.2份、二氧化钛0.1~0.15份和水100~120份。本发明的蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊具有较好的降血糖作用,服用方便、降血糖效果明显,原料均无毒无副作用,适合高血糖患者长期使用。本发明采用了旋转模压法制备,机械化自动化操作,填充芯料与囊皮的形成同时协调进行,计量准确,产量大,物料损耗小,且目前定型设备和生产工艺均已成熟,可实现规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊及其制备方法,属于食品保健领域。
背景技术
由于生活质量的提高,高血糖、高血脂、高血压逐渐成为威胁人类健康的三大杀手,并呈现年轻化的趋势,已经严重影响了人们的生活质量。
高血糖即血糖值高于正常范围,空腹血糖正常值在6.1mmol/L以下,餐后两小时血糖的正常值在7.8mmol/L以下,如果高于这一范围,称为高血糖。正常情况下,人体能够通过激素调节和神经调节这两大调节系统确保血糖的来源与去路保持平衡,使血糖维持在一定水平。但是在遗传因素(如糖尿病家族史)与环境因素(如不合理的膳食、肥胖等)的共同作用下,两大调节功能发生紊乱,就会出现血糖水平的升高,长期的高血糖会使全身各个组织器官发生病变,导致急慢性并发症的发生。如失水、电解质紊乱、营养缺乏、抵抗力下降、肾功能受损、神经病变、眼底病变、心脑血管疾病、糖尿病足等。控制高血糖势在必行。
目前临床所用降血糖的药物,只有胰岛素为数不多的几种药物,而且只有注射才有效,还没有一个能完全治愈糖尿病的药物。所有降血糖的药物,也只是调控血糖而已,况且这些药物都存在一定的局限性和不良反应,甚至是很严重的反应,可导致低血糖症、乳酸性酸中毒等。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,作为辅助降血糖的保健食品,无副作用,并能在一定程度上有效降低血糖。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,包括囊芯和囊皮,
以重量份数计,囊芯由以下原料制备得到:蜂胶产品90~120份、桑叶提取物50~70份、苦瓜提取物50~70份、玉米油250~275份和蜂蜡15~20份;
囊皮由以下原料制备得到:明胶100~150份、甘油40~60份、可可壳色素0.1~0.2份、二氧化钛0.1~0.15份和水100~120份。
优选的,以重量份数计,囊芯由以下原料制备得到:蜂胶粉100份、桑叶提取物50份、苦瓜提取物60份、玉米油275份和蜂蜡15份;
囊皮由以下原料制备得到:明胶125份、甘油50份、可可壳色素0.13份、二氧化钛0.13份和纯化水112.5份。
蜂胶是蜜蜂从植物芽孢或树干上采集的树脂,将其混入其上腭腺、蜡腺的分泌物加工而成的一种具有芳香气味的胶状固体物,是蜜蜂科动物中华蜜蜂等修补蜂巢所分泌的黄褐色或黑褐色的粘性物质,其性平,味苦、辛、微甘,有润肤生肌,消炎止痛的功效。
苦瓜为葫芦科植物苦瓜Momordica charantia L.的果实,我国南北均普遍栽培,具有祛暑涤热,明目,解毒之功效,常用于暑热烦渴,消渴,赤眼疼痛,痢疾,疮痈肿毒。
桑叶是桑科植物桑的干燥叶,又名家桑、荆桑、桑椹树、黄桑叶等,全国大部分地区多有生产,适合用于治降血糖、血脂、抗炎等作用。
本发明的蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,各组分相互影响,协同作用,具有较好的降血糖作用,服用方便、降血糖效果明显、能长期服用。同时本发明所用原料均无毒无副作用,且价格低廉,适合高血糖患者使用。
进一步,蜂胶粉提取物为蜂胶粉的乙醇提取物,具体的,蜂胶产品由以下方法制备得到:取蜂胶粉原料,加入50%~90%乙醇,料液比1∶4~5,提取后冷却至0~5℃过滤,除去乙醇后-15~-20℃冷冻,粉碎至60-80目,加入淀粉后粉碎过80~100目筛,加入硬脂酸镁,搅拌均匀后即得所述蜂胶粉提取物;其中蜂胶粉提取物:淀粉:硬脂酸镁的质量比为50~80:50~70:2~5。
桑叶提取物为桑叶的乙醇提取物,具体由以下方法制备得到:将桑叶以50%~90%的乙醇提取,料液比1∶5~10,干燥提取液,粉碎过80~100目筛即得所述桑叶提取物。
苦瓜提取物为苦瓜的乙醇提取物,具体由以下方法制备得到:将苦瓜以50%~90%的乙醇提取,料液比1∶10~20,干燥提取液,粉碎过80~100目筛即得所述苦瓜提取物。
采用上述进一步的有益效果在于:充分提取原料中的活性成分,以保证所制备的软胶囊的作用效果。
本发明还提供了上述蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按上述的重量份数称取各原料;
2)取蜂蜡、玉米油,加热至60~70℃,优选为60℃,后加入蜂胶产品、桑叶提取物和苦瓜提取物的混合粉末,搅拌均匀后过胶体磨研磨,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa)至无气泡,过80~100目筛,优选为80目筛,得到囊芯料液,备用;
3)将纯化水加热至50~60℃,优选为60℃,加入明胶、甘油、可可壳色素和二氧化钛,加热至70~80℃,优选为70℃,搅拌均匀,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa)至无气泡,过80~100目筛,优选为80目筛,得到囊皮胶液,在55~65℃,优选为60℃,储存备用;
4)将囊芯料液和囊皮胶液在压模设备上压制成胶丸,定型干燥;
5)将干燥后的胶丸以95%乙醇洗涤后挥干乙醇,灭菌,包装,即得所述蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊。
软胶囊的制备方法有滴制法、压制法两种,大量生产软胶囊多采用旋转模压法,机械化自动化操作,填充芯料与囊皮的形成同时协调进行,该方法计量准确,产量大,物料损耗小,且目前定型设备和生产工艺均已成熟,可实现规模化生产,因此,本发明采用了旋转模压法,并精确设计了参数值,以保证生产成本、生产效率和产品质量。
进一步,步骤4)中压制成胶丸的温度为55~65℃,定型的温度为20~25℃,湿度为30~50%,干燥的温度为20~25℃,湿度为30~40%,时间为20~30h;
新压制的胶丸有一定温度且形体较软,需要冷却定型并排除多余水分,方法是将压制出的胶丸用输送带送至滚笼中,降温并散去表面的水分,使其定型,随后送至干燥室内干燥,同时循环干燥室内空气以排除湿空气,以保证软胶囊形态均一,便于储存和运输。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
以下实施例中,蜂胶产品由以下方法制备得到:取蜂胶粉原料,加入90%乙醇,提取后冷却至5℃过滤,除去乙醇后-15℃冷冻,粉碎至80目,得到蜂胶粉提取物,加入淀粉后再次粉碎过80目筛,加入硬脂酸镁,搅拌均匀后即得蜂胶粉;其中蜂胶粉提取物:淀粉:硬脂酸镁的质量比为60:50:3。
桑叶提取物由以下方法制备得到:将桑叶以50%的乙醇提取后,干燥提取液,粉碎过80目筛即得所述桑叶提取物。
苦瓜提取物由以下方法制备得到:将苦瓜以70%乙醇提取后,干燥提取液,粉碎过80目筛即得所述苦瓜提取物。
各组分原料中,蜂蜡符合GB/T 24314-2009《蜂蜡》中的规定;玉米油符合GB/T19111-2003《玉米油》中的规定;明胶符合GB/T 6783-1994《食品添加剂明胶》中的规定;甘油、二氧化钛、纯化水符合《中华人民共和国药典》(2010版第二部)中相关项下的规定;可可壳色素符合GB/T 8818-2008《食品添加剂可可壳色素》中的规定;乙醇复合GB 10343-2008《食用酒精》中的规定。
实施例1
蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按蜂胶产品100g、桑叶提取物50g、苦瓜提取物60g、玉米油275g和蜂蜡15g、明胶125g、甘油50g、可可壳色素0.13g、二氧化钛0.13g和纯化水112.5g称取各原料;
2)取蜂蜡、玉米油,加热至60℃后加入蜂胶粉、桑叶提取物和苦瓜提取物的混合粉末,搅拌均匀后过胶体磨研磨,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.06Mpa)至无气泡,过80目筛,得到囊芯料液,备用;
3)将纯化水加热至60℃,加入明胶、甘油、可可壳色素和二氧化钛,加热至70℃,搅拌均匀,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.06Mpa)至无气泡,过80目筛,得到囊皮胶液,在60℃储存备用;
4)将囊芯料液和囊皮胶液在旋转压模设备上60℃下压制成胶丸,在20℃,湿度50%下定型,20℃,湿度30%干燥30h;
5)将干燥后的胶丸以95%乙醇洗涤后挥干乙醇,灭菌,称重后包装,每粒软胶囊0.5g,每瓶装120粒,即得所述蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊。
实施例2
蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按蜂胶产品90g、桑叶提取物50g、苦瓜提取物50g、玉米油250g和蜂蜡15g、明胶100g、甘油40g、可可壳色素0.1g、二氧化钛0.1g和水100g称取各原料;
2)取蜂蜡、玉米油,加热至60℃后加入蜂胶粉、桑叶提取物和苦瓜提取物的混合粉末,搅拌均匀后过胶体磨研磨,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.06Mpa)至无气泡,过80目筛,得到囊芯料液,备用;
3)将纯化水加热至50℃,加入明胶、甘油、可可壳色素和二氧化钛,加热至70℃,搅拌均匀,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.06Mpa)至无气泡,过80目筛,得到囊皮胶液,在55℃储存备用;
4)将囊芯料液和囊皮胶液在旋转压模设备上55℃下压制成胶丸,在20℃,湿度为30%下定型,20℃,湿度30%干燥20h;
5)将干燥后的胶丸以95%乙醇洗涤后挥干乙醇,灭菌,称重后包装,每粒软胶囊0.5g,每瓶装120粒,即得所述蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊。
实施例3
蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按蜂胶产品120g、桑叶提取物70g、苦瓜提取物70g、玉米油275g和蜂蜡20g、明胶150g、甘油60g、可可壳色素0.2g、二氧化钛0.15g和水120g称取各原料;
2)取蜂蜡、玉米油,加热至70℃后加入蜂胶粉、桑叶提取物和苦瓜提取物的混合粉末,搅拌均匀后过胶体磨研磨,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.08Mpa)至无气泡,过100目筛,得到囊芯料液,备用;
3)将纯化水加热至60℃,加入明胶、甘油、可可壳色素和二氧化钛,加热至80℃,搅拌均匀,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.08Mpa)至无气泡,过100目筛,得到囊皮胶液,在65℃储存备用;
4)将囊芯料液和囊皮胶液在旋转压模设备上65℃下压制成胶丸,在25℃,湿度为50%下定型,25℃,湿度40%干燥30h;
5)将干燥后的胶丸以95%乙醇洗涤后挥干乙醇,灭菌,称重后包装,每粒软胶囊0.5g,每瓶装120粒,即得所述蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊。
实施例4
蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按蜂胶产品100g、桑叶提取物60g、苦瓜提取物50g、玉米油275g和蜂蜡15g、明胶150g、甘油40g、可可壳色素0.1g、二氧化钛0.15g和水120g称取各原料;
2)取蜂蜡、玉米油,加热至60℃后加入蜂胶粉、桑叶提取物和苦瓜提取物的混合粉末,搅拌均匀后过胶体磨研磨,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.07Mpa)至无气泡,过80目筛,得到囊芯料液,备用;
3)将纯化水加热至60℃,加入明胶、甘油、可可壳色素和二氧化钛,加热至70℃,搅拌均匀,静置后抽真空(真空度-0.08Mpa)至无气泡,过80目筛,得到囊皮胶液,在60℃储存备用;
4)将囊芯料液和囊皮胶液在旋转压模设备上60℃下压制成胶丸,在25℃,湿度为50%下定型,25℃,湿度30%干燥30h;
5)将干燥后的胶丸以95%乙醇洗涤后挥干乙醇,灭菌,称重后包装,每粒软胶囊0.5g,每瓶装120粒,即得所述蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊。
试验例1
改变原料中的玉米油和蜂蜡的加入量,以确定玉米油和蜂蜡加入量的最优值,玉米油和蜂蜡加入量及加入后产品效果如表1。
表1玉米油和蜂蜡加入量及产品效果
由表1可知,以本发明玉米油和蜂蜡加入量能保证所制备的内容物流动性好,久置不分层,以方便制备形态均一稳定的软胶囊。
试验例2
改变原料中的明胶、甘油和水的加入量质量之比,以确定明胶、甘油和超纯水加入量之比的最优值,明胶、甘油和超纯水加入量之比及加入后产品效果如表2。
表2明胶、甘油和超纯水加入量之比及产品效果
序号 | 明胶:甘油:水 | 产品效果(囊皮) |
1 | 1:0.25:1 | 不易成型 |
2 | 1:0.3:1 | 外观差,有一定弹性 |
3 | 1:0.4:0.9 | 外观完整、光亮,软硬适宜,易崩解 |
由表2可知,以本发明明胶、甘油和超纯水加入量之比加入上述原料可以有效保证所制备的胶囊囊皮完整、光亮,软硬适宜,弹性好,崩解时限复合要求。
试验例3
改变制作工艺中制丸、定型操作中湿度的取值,以确定湿度的最优值,其取值和产品效果如表3。
表3湿度取值和产品效果
序号 | 温度℃ | 湿度 | 产品效果 |
1 | 20-25 | 70% | 定型时间过长,效果差 |
2 | 20-25 | 60% | 定型时间过长,效果差 |
3 | 20-25 | 50% | 定型约3小时,效果好 |
由表3可知,在本发明所涉及的湿度下进行制丸、定型操作,制丸、定型效果好。
对比例4
改变制作工艺中干燥操作中温湿度的取值,以确定湿度的最优值,其取值和产品效果如表4。
表4湿度取值和产品效果
序号 | 温度℃ | 湿度 | 产品效果 |
1 | 20-25 | 60% | 耗时过长 |
2 | 20-25 | 50% | 耗时长 |
3 | 20-25 | 40% | 耗时适宜,干燥效果好 |
由表4可知,在本发明所涉及的湿度下进行干燥操作,用时适宜,干燥效果好。
性能检测
对本发明实施例1所制备的蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊分别进行感官评价、理化检验、微生物检验和标志性成分含量测定,检测指标及结果分别如表5-8
表5感官评价
项目 | 结果 |
色泽 | 外观呈棕色,内容物呈棕色 |
口感、气味 | 具有特有的口感和气味,无异味 |
形状 | 外观不透明,完整光亮,内容物糊状 |
杂质 | 无杂质 |
表6理化检验结果
表7微生物指标检测结果
表8标志性成分含量测定结果
动物实验
用26~28g雌性昆明种小鼠30只建立高血糖模型,取尾血测定其血糖含量,按血糖水平分为对照组和给药组,每组15只,给药组每日灌服给予本发明实施例1制备的蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊囊芯5倍稀释液1g,对照组灌服等量生理盐水,控制进食量,饮水自由,每日测定空腹、进食0h、0.5h、2h尾血血糖含量,持续30天,结果显示,给药组空腹血糖值明显下降,血糖下降率明显升高,与对照组相比有明显差异。
临床试验
选择经饮食控制或口服降糖药治疗后病情稳定,不需要更换药物品种及剂量,仅服用维持量的成年Ⅱ型糖尿病病人或高血糖人群,空腹血糖≥6.3mmol/L或餐后2h血糖量≥7.8mmol/L。随机选取110例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,按血糖血脂水平、性别、年龄、病程、服药种类(磺脲类与双胍类)平均分为两组,每组55人,随机作为实验组和对照组,实验组服用本发明实施例1制备的蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,每日两次,每次两粒,对照组采用空白对照,连续30天,排除中途因故终止实验者及其他原因无法得到数据者,每组最终剩余50组有效数据。实验组空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖含量均有明显降低,相比于对照组和服用本发明蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊前均有显著的下降。
由上表5-8、动物实验及临床试验可知,本发明的蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊具有较好的降血糖作用,服用方便、降血糖效果明显、能长期服用。同时本发明所用原料均无毒无副作用,且价格低廉,适合高血糖患者使用。
上述实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,其特征在于,所述软胶囊包括囊芯和囊皮,
以重量份数计,所述囊芯包括以下原料:蜂胶产品90~120份、桑叶提取物50~70份、苦瓜提取物50~70份、玉米油250~275份和蜂蜡15~20份;
所述囊皮由以下原料制成:明胶100~150份、甘油40~60份、可可壳色素0.1~0.2份、二氧化钛0.1~0.15份和水100~120份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,其特征在于,所述蜂胶产品包括蜂胶粉提取物、淀粉和硬脂酸镁,所述蜂胶粉提取物:淀粉:硬脂酸镁的质量比为50~80:50~70:2~5。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,其特征在于,所述蜂胶粉提取物为蜂胶粉的乙醇提取物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,其特征在于,所述桑叶提取物为桑叶的乙醇提取物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,其特征在于,所述苦瓜提取物为苦瓜的乙醇提取物。
6.根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊,其特征在于,所述乙醇为50%~90%的乙醇。
7.一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按权利要求1~4任一项所述的重量份数称取各原料;
2)取蜂蜡、玉米油,加热后加入蜂胶产品、桑叶提取物和苦瓜提取物的混合粉末,搅拌均匀后过胶体磨研磨,静置后抽真空至无气泡,过筛,得到囊芯料液,备用;
3)将水加热,加入明胶、甘油、可可壳色素和二氧化钛,加热搅拌均匀,静置后抽真空至无气泡,过筛,得到囊皮胶液,储存备用;
4)将囊芯料液和囊皮胶液在压模设备上压制成胶丸,定型干燥;
5)将干燥后的胶丸洗涤,灭菌,包装,即得所述蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中所述加热为加热至60~70℃;
步骤3)中所述将水加热为加热至50~60℃,所述加热搅拌均匀为加热至70~80℃,所述储存备用为在55~65℃储存。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)和/或步骤3)中所述抽真空的真空度为-0.06~-0.08Mpa,过筛为过80~100目筛。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种蜂胶苦瓜桑叶软胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中所述压制成胶丸的温度为55~65℃,所述定型的温度为20~25℃,湿度为30~50%,所述干燥的温度为20~25℃,湿度为30~40%,时间为20~30h;
步骤5)中所述洗涤的操作为以95%乙醇洗涤后挥干乙醇。
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