CN109221095A - A kind of production method of green plants humid preparation - Google Patents
A kind of production method of green plants humid preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109221095A CN109221095A CN201811127458.8A CN201811127458A CN109221095A CN 109221095 A CN109221095 A CN 109221095A CN 201811127458 A CN201811127458 A CN 201811127458A CN 109221095 A CN109221095 A CN 109221095A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of production methods of green plants humid preparation, include the following steps: the processing of (1) protophyte: the visible solid impurity on plant is removed after the protophyte of acquisition is pre-processed；(2) fixation of plant: the plant after step (1) disinfection is cleaned, which is immersed in fixer, carries out fixation of killing livestock, return color finally when the color of vegetable material becomes yellow even brown from green as green, it is then fixed to complete, plant is taken out immediately；(3) it the preservation of plant: is saved being sealed in specimen bottle of the plant immersion equipped with preservation liquid completed fixed in step (2), the production of plant specimen can be completed.The prepared humid preparation of the present invention has the primary colors retention time long and stablizes, and the plant specimen holding time is long, is not easy the features such as rotting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant specimen production methods, and in particular to a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation.
Background technique
Plant specimen is a kind of preservation form of plant living body, can the intuitively living body of observation of plant at any time, understand and plant
While the shape of object, color, plant specimen can also be saved immediately, in order to observation, research and collection in the future, used extensively
In medicine acquisition, teaching and scientific research.Wherein, by best with the effect of plant humid preparation, the original of plant is best embodied
Beginning feature and the primary colors that plant can be saved.
The production method general step of traditional plant humid preparation is pretreatment, disinfection, fixed, preservation.Wherein, traditional
Plant humid preparation plant is first subjected to trimming arrangement after, by plant sterilize clean, general disinfection cleaning method is direct
Then the thimerosals such as sprinkling ethyl alcohol are impregnated with distilled water flushing, later, the plant after disinfection is put into fixer and is fixed, fixed
Liquid generally comprises formaldehyde, acetic acid copper solution or copper-bath, by plant kill livestock and primary colors it is fixed after, be put into after plant is rinsed
It saves and is sealed up for safekeeping in liquid, save liquid and generally comprise formaldehyde, sulfurous acid etc..
But during the production method of above-mentioned plant specimen, there are many problems.Such as, one, the branches and leaves of many plants
Equal positions after the de- soil of acquisition inherently it is more open it is crisp fall, and the guarantor of the integrality of plant specimen and its original identification feature
Staying is the key that one of plant specimen, the operating procedure of sample much it is easier influence plant specimen integrality；Two, current
Plant specimen fixation and preservation during, preservation can be all fixed using formaldehyde mostly, due to formaldehyde is volatile, to human body
It is poisonous and harmful, there are genotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, security implication easily is caused to human body, is that the initiation of numerous diseases lures
Cause；Three, the plant humid preparation that conventional method is made often will appear after specimen bottle is sealed up for safekeeping 1~2 year and rot
The problem of, it is unfavorable for the preservation of former plant, the needs being not met by scientific research, teaching and practical application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation, is fixing or is being protected without using methanol
It deposits while can be obtained plant humid preparation, plant humid preparation made from this method has the primary colors retention time long and steady
Fixed, the plant specimen holding time is long, is not easy the features such as rotting.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of production method of green plants humid preparation, includes the following steps:
(1) visible solid on plant the processing of protophyte: is removed after the protophyte of acquisition is pre-processed
Impurity；
(2) fixation of plant: the plant after step (1) disinfection is cleaned, which is immersed in fixer, carries out fixation of killing livestock, and works as plant
The color of object material becomes yellow even brown from green and returns color finally as green, then fixed completion, immediately takes out plant；
(3) preservation of plant: the plant completed fixed in step (2) is immersed to seal in the specimen bottle equipped with preservation liquid and is protected
It deposits, the production of plant specimen can be completed.
Further, in the production method of the green plants humid preparation, the constituent of the fixer, by weight
Percentages, including following components and proportion:
In addition, above-mentioned fixer the preparation method comprises the following steps: by said components proportion weigh each component after, by quaternary ammonium salt crust
Glycan, copper sulphate, citric acid are added in ethanol solution and stir evenly.
Further, in the production method of the green plants humid preparation, when plant is difficult to fixed in fixer,
Plant can be first dipped into the sulfurous acid solution that mass concentration is 3%~5% after the original green of plant is taken off completely
It immerses again fixed in fixer.
Further, the Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan in the fixer in the production method of the green plants humid preparation
Molecular size range 4 × 105~5 × 105., degree of substitution 50%-70%.
Further, in the production method of the green plants humid preparation, the constituent for saving liquid, including fourth
Fragrant extracting solution, Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution, glycerine and water, and cloves extracting solution, Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution, glycerine and water weight fraction ratio
It is 1: 1: 40: 100.
In addition, the configuration method of above-mentioned preservation liquid are as follows: after weighing each component by said components proportion, each component is mixed
It closes uniform；
Wherein, the preparation method of the cloves extracting solution includes: the immersion after crushing 30g cloves with 60% ethyl alcohol
After 30min, continuously add 60% ethyl alcohol to the weight ratio of ethyl alcohol and Ground Cloves be 1: 9~1: 20 after, until in 60 DEG C of water-baths
Filter residue is removed by filtration in refluxing extraction 2h, obtained extracting solution, and gained filtrate is cloves extracting solution；
Wherein, the preparation method of the Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution includes: to weigh 30g folium cortex eucommiae, is placed in flask, is added
400ml80% alcohol reflux extracts 2h and extracting solution is filtered to remove filter residue, gained filtrate is Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution later.
Further, in the step (1) in the processing of protophyte, the protophyte after acquisition need to be carried out to arrange and repaired
It cuts, removes dilapdated and ruined branches and leaves and excessive branches and leaves, retain the integrality and original identification feature of plant as much as possible, and remove
Visible solid impurity.
Further, it when plant is immersed in preservation liquid in the step (3), saves liquid and did not had 2~3cm of plant.
Further, the sealing in the step (3), which saves, refers to specimen bottle bottleneck and body with the paraffin of fusing
Sealing between gap.
The present invention is suitable for the long-term preservation for the planting dip sample that primary colors is green.
The present invention compared to the prior art, the beneficial effect is that:
1, in production method of the invention, pretreated plant is arranged without the processing that carries out disinfection to trimming, saves behaviour
While making step, it is possible to reduce due to plant carry out disinfection cleaning treatment when and so that the integrality of plant is damaged.
2, in production method of the invention, the fixer and preservation liquid used is free of formaldehyde, meanwhile, save the group in liquid
Preferably the primary colors of plant can be fixed after sub-dip bubble；
3, the production method of the invention prepared plant humid preparation holding time is long, is not easy to rot, be conducive to
The permanent preservation of plant.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
The production of plant humid preparation
(1) pretreatment of former plant:
Acquisition grows normal, no disease and pests harm paniculate swallowwort plant complete stool, trims sick leaf, dead leaf and the branches and leaves of overlapping, to the greatest extent
The original identification feature of the integrality and former plant that possibly retain paniculate swallowwort whole plants is gone with tweezers or brush later
Except the visible solid impurity on plant, when necessary, gently wipe after being sprayed with clear water to remove the visible solid on plant
Impurity；
(2) fixation of plant:
A, fixer is configured
The proportion of fixer are as follows: Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan 0.05%, copper sulphate 5%, citric acid 0.3%, 50% ethanol solution
It is supplemented to 100%.
Wherein, the degree of substitution of Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan used is 58%, and molecular size range is 4 × 105。
After said components proportion weighs each component, Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan, copper sulphate, citric acid are added in ethanol solution
It stirs evenly.
B, plant is fixed: the plant in (1) is immersed in fixer, be dipped to the color of paniculate swallowwort plant from green to
After yellow becomes green again, take out immediately.
(3) preservation of plant:
A, configuration saves liquid
Cloves extracting solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: with after the immersion 30min of 60% ethyl alcohol after 30g cloves is crushed, continuation
Be added 60% ethyl alcohol to the weight ratio of ethyl alcohol and Ground Cloves be 1: 9~1: 20 after, until refluxing extraction 2h in 60 DEG C of water-baths, obtains
Extracting solution filter residue is removed by filtration, gained filtrate is cloves extracting solution；
The preparation method of Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution includes: to weigh 30g folium cortex eucommiae, is placed in flask, and 400ml80% ethyl alcohol is added and returns
Stream extracts 2h and extracting solution is filtered to remove filter residue, gained filtrate is Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution later.
Weight fraction ratio according to cloves extracting solution, Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution, glycerine and water is 1: 1: 40: 100.To weigh fourth
Fragrant extracting solution, Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution, glycerine and water are uniformly mixed.
B, plant saves
It is immersed after the paniculate swallowwort plant taken out in (2) is cleaned with clear water equipped in the specimen bottle for saving liquid, capping is used in combination
The paraffin of fusing seals the gap between bottle cap and body, and specimen bottle is put into shady and cool, dry ground and can be stored for a long time.
The color of the paniculate swallowwort humid preparation and sample the complete stool color in 5 years save good, no Decay.
Comparative example 1
The production of traditional plant humid preparation
(1) acquisition grows normal, no disease and pests harm paniculate swallowwort plant complete stool, trims sick leaf, dead leaf and the branches and leaves of overlapping,
Retain the integrality of paniculate swallowwort whole plants and the original identification feature of former plant as much as possible, it is miscellaneous to remove visible solid later
Matter, and spray 50% ethyl alcohol and carry out disinfection, later, by sprinkling distilled water cleaning, or directly complete stool is put into distilled water and is impregnated
15 minutes；(2) plant is immersed to the fixation for being 500ml by 1: 0.07: 1 total amount containing 5% copper sulphate, 5% acetic acid, 40% formaldehyde
Plant is dipped in liquid becomes taking-up when yellow eventually becomes green from green；(3) the fixed plant completed is put into equipped with guarantor
The specimen bottle of liquid storage is sealed up for safekeeping, and saving liquid is the formalin containing 5%, and seals the seam between bottle cap and body with the paraffin of fusing
Gap, specimen bottle are put into shady and cool, dry ground and can be stored for a long time.
The color of the paniculate swallowwort humid preparation is taken off after a year and a half and micro- Huang, sample complete stool part after 2 years
Have rotten.
Comparative example 2
Identical fixer processing but the humid preparation that processing is saved with different preservation liquid
(1) pretreatment of former plant:
Acquisition grows normal, no disease and pests harm paniculate swallowwort plant complete stool, trims sick leaf, dead leaf and the branches and leaves of overlapping, to the greatest extent
The original identification feature of the integrality and former plant that possibly retain paniculate swallowwort whole plants is gone with tweezers or brush later
Except the visible solid impurity on plant, when necessary, gently wipe after being sprayed with clear water to remove the visible solid on plant
Impurity；
(2) fixation of plant:
A, fixer is configured
The proportion of fixer are as follows: Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan 0.05%, copper sulphate 5%, citric acid 0.3%, 50% ethanol solution
It is supplemented to 100%.
Wherein, the degree of substitution of Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan used is 58%, and molecular size range is 4 × 105。
After said components proportion weighs each component, Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan, copper sulphate, citric acid are added in ethanol solution
It stirs evenly.
C, plant is fixed: the plant in (1) is immersed in fixer, be dipped to the color of paniculate swallowwort plant from green to
After yellow becomes green again, take out immediately.
(3) preservation of plant:
The fixed plant completed is put into and is sealed up for safekeeping equipped with the specimen bottle for saving liquid, saving liquid is the formalin containing 5%, and
The gap between bottle cap and body is sealed with the paraffin of fusing, specimen bottle is put into shady and cool, dry ground and can be stored for a long time.
Paniculate swallowwort humid preparation sample complete stool color after 2 years saves preferably, but locally has rotten.
Comparative example 3
Identical fixer processing but the humid preparation that processing is saved with different preservation liquid
(1) pretreatment of former plant:
Acquisition grows normal, no disease and pests harm paniculate swallowwort plant complete stool, trims sick leaf, dead leaf and the branches and leaves of overlapping, to the greatest extent
The original identification feature of the integrality and former plant that possibly retain paniculate swallowwort whole plants is gone with tweezers or brush later
Except the visible solid impurity on plant, when necessary, gently wipe after being sprayed with clear water to remove the visible solid on plant
Impurity；
(2) fixation of plant:
A, fixer is configured
The proportion of fixer are as follows: Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan 0.05%, copper sulphate 5%, citric acid 0.3%, 50% ethanol solution
It is supplemented to 100%.
Wherein, the degree of substitution of Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan used is 58%, and molecular size range is 4 × 105。
After said components proportion weighs each component, Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan, copper sulphate, citric acid are added in ethanol solution
It stirs evenly.
C, plant is fixed: the plant in (1) is immersed in fixer, be dipped to the color of paniculate swallowwort plant from green to
After yellow becomes green again, take out immediately.
(3) preservation of plant:
The fixed plant completed is put into and is sealed up for safekeeping equipped with the specimen bottle for saving liquid, saving liquid is by cloves extracting solution, the third three
The weight fraction ratio of alcohol and water is the solution of 1: 40: 100 configuration, and seals the seam between bottle cap and body with the paraffin of fusing
Gap, specimen bottle are put into shady and cool, dry ground and can be stored for a long time.
Paniculate swallowwort humid preparation sample complete stool color after 2 years saves preferably, but there is rotten spot in part, after 3 years
Partial decomposition is serious.
Comparative example 4
Identical fixer processing but the humid preparation that processing is saved with different preservation liquid
(1) pretreatment of former plant:
Acquisition grows normal, no disease and pests harm paniculate swallowwort plant complete stool, trims sick leaf, dead leaf and the branches and leaves of overlapping, to the greatest extent
The original identification feature of the integrality and former plant that possibly retain paniculate swallowwort whole plants is gone with tweezers or brush later
Except the visible solid impurity on plant, when necessary, gently wipe after being sprayed with clear water to remove the visible solid on plant
Impurity；
(2) fixation of plant:
A, fixer is configured
The proportion of fixer are as follows: Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan 0.05%, copper sulphate 5%, citric acid 0.3%, 50% ethanol solution
It is supplemented to 100%.
Wherein, the degree of substitution of Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan used is 58%, and molecular size range is 4 × 105。
After said components proportion weighs each component, Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan, copper sulphate, citric acid are added in ethanol solution
It stirs evenly.
C, plant is fixed: the plant in (1) is immersed in fixer, be dipped to the color of paniculate swallowwort plant from green to
After yellow becomes green again, take out immediately.
(3) preservation of plant:
The fixed plant completed is put into and is sealed up for safekeeping equipped with the specimen bottle for saving liquid, saving liquid is by Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution, the third three
The weight fraction ratio of alcohol and water is the solution of 1: 40: 100 configuration, and seals the seam between bottle cap and body with the paraffin of fusing
Gap, specimen bottle are put into shady and cool, dry ground and can be stored for a long time.
Paniculate swallowwort humid preparation sample complete stool color after 2 years saves preferably, but there is rotten spot in part, after 3 years
Partial decomposition is serious.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation, which comprises the steps of:
(1) the visible solid impurity on plant the processing of protophyte: is removed after the protophyte of acquisition is pre-processed；
(2) fixation of plant: the plant after step (1) disinfection is cleaned, which is immersed in fixer, carries out fixation of killing livestock, when plant material
The color of material becomes yellow even brown from green and returns color finally as green, then fixed completion, immediately takes out plant；
(3) preservation of plant: saving sealing in specimen bottle of the plant immersion equipped with preservation liquid completed fixed in step (2),
The production of plant specimen can be completed；
Wherein, the constituent of the fixer, by weight percentage, including following components and proportion:
2. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the green is planted
In the production method of object humid preparation, when plant is difficult to fixed in fixer, plant first can be dipped into mass concentration is
It is immersed again after the original green of plant is taken off completely in 3%~5% sulfurous acid solution fixed in fixer.
3. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the green is planted
The molecular size range 4 × 10 of the Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan in the fixer in the production method of object humid preparation5~5 × 105.,
Degree of substitution is 50%-70%.
4. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(1) in the processing of protophyte, arrangement trimming need to be carried out to the protophyte after acquisition, removes dilapdated and ruined branches and leaves and excessive
Branches and leaves, retain the integrality and original identification feature of plant as much as possible, and remove visible solid impurity.
5. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(3) it when plant is immersed in preservation liquid in, saves liquid and did not had 2~3cm of plant.
6. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(3) the sealing preservation in, which refers to, uses the paraffin of fusing by sealing between specimen bottle bottleneck and the gap of body.
7. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the green is planted
In the production method of object humid preparation, the constituent for saving liquid, including cloves extracting solution, Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution, glycerine
And water, and cloves extracting solution, Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution, glycerine and water weight fraction ratio be 1: 1: 40: 100.
8. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the cloves mentions
The preparation method for taking liquid includes: to continuously add 60% ethyl alcohol with after the immersion 30min of 60% ethyl alcohol after crushing 30g cloves
After being 1: 9~1: 20 to the weight ratio of ethyl alcohol and Ground Cloves, until refluxing extraction 2h in 60 DEG C of water-baths, obtained extracting solution passes through
Filter residue is filtered out, gained filtrate is cloves extracting solution.
9. a kind of production method of green plants humid preparation according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the Cortex Eucommiae mentions
The preparation method for taking liquid includes: to weigh 30g folium cortex eucommiae, is placed in flask, and 400m180% alcohol reflux is added and extracts 2h, later,
Extracting solution is filtered to remove filter residue, gained filtrate is Cortex Eucommiae extracting solution.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112450207A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-09 | 德江县绿通天麻发展有限公司 | Method for preparing rhizoma gastrodiae specimen |
| CN113439741A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-09-28 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Preparation method of primary color soaked specimen of snake mushroom |
| CN115868475A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-31 | 江苏海洋大学 | Marine animal specimen preserving fluid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113439741A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-09-28 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Preparation method of primary color soaked specimen of snake mushroom |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |