CN109220266A - A method of improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to planting technology field more particularly to a kind of methods for improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage, including site preparation, the double-deck cutting medium to prepare, and lateral bud suspend mode, shading moisturizing, field management are broken in cuttage.The present invention builds the measures such as greenhouse by using site preparation, manually, meet the requirement in Camellia nitidissima growing environment to temperature, humidity, increase the fertilizer efficiency element in soil, the bioactivity for improving soil promotes the formation of soil aggregate structure, increases absorption of the soil particle to liquid manure, lateral bud suspend mode is broken according to the growing state growth hormone of Camellia nitidissima simultaneously, different fertilizer is provided, the germination percentage that Camellia nitidissima can be improved promotes the root system development of Camellia nitidissima, improves cuttage shoot survival percent and germination percentage.

Description

A method of improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage

Technical field

The present invention relates to planting technology field, in particular to a kind of method for improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage.

Background technique

Camellia nitidissima is a kind of ancient plant, extremely rare, is distributed extremely narrow.Belong to " the endangered species of wild fauna and flora kind world Trade pact " plant species in appendix II, foreign countries are referred to as magical " Dongfang " magic tea, are known as " plant kingdom giant panda ", " tea race Queen ".Except rich in tea polysaccharide, tea polyphenols, Total saponin, general flavone, Tea Pigment, caffeine, protein, vitamin B1, B2, dimension life Outside a variety of natural nutrition compositions such as plain C, vitamin E, folic acid, fatty acid, B- carrotene, theanine, threonine, also rich in more The micro members such as natural organic?? (Ge), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), vanadium (V) of the kind to human body with important health-care effect Element.According to Nutrition and Food Safety Office of China Disease Prevention and control Centre, Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region sanitary monitoring test center, the center nutrition of Beijing disease prevention and control center and food safety institute, Zhuang nationality in Guangxi The authoritative institutions such as autonomous region's analysis testing research center, Colleges Of Traditional Chinese Medicine Of Guangxi, Guangxi Agriculture College experimental center, which examine, to be shown: golden flower The nontoxic grade of Camellia and there is apparent hypoglycemic and glucose in urine effect, can effectively improve diabetes " three high " symptom.Promote pancreas islet Plain secretion, strengthen immunity, atherosclerosis promotes liver metabolism, anti-cancer inhibits tumour growth and other effects.It is especially right Diabetes and its complication have functions that unique mystery.The industrialized development of Camellia nitidissima will substantially improve the inferior health of current people Situation searches out an ecology, organic, sustainable development research direction for mankind's health industry.

The wild Camellia nitidissima in the whole world 90% is only distributed in blue one band of mountain offshoot of tourist resources of China Shiwan Dashan, 700 meters of height above sea level is grown on hereinafter, 890 meters of the upper limit height above sea level of NATURAL DISTRIBUTION, is distributed extremely narrow.Some areas are by introducing a fine variety facility Cultivation, well-grown.Normal cutting propagation breeds rooting rate and reaches 80-95%, but germination percentage only has 20-35%, causes the branch of 65-80% Cuttage seeding cannot be formed, limited golden flower tea resource is greatly wasted.Limited Camellia nitidissima branch is made full use of to breed out The seedling of a large amount of health, solving the low characteristic of its natural germination percentage just becomes particularly significant.This method passes through two layers of cutting medium Selection use, manomelia cuttage, lateral bud dormancy breaking, closed shading moisturizing, germination the methods of initial stage foliage fertilization sends out cuttage Bud rate is increased to 70% or more.

Summary of the invention

For the defect for overcoming the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of side of Camellia nitidissima cutting propagation raising germination percentage Method.

It is achieved particular by following technical scheme:

A method of improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage, comprising the following steps:

(1) preparation of cutting medium and cuttage furrow face prepare (the double-deck cutting medium):

First layer: the configuration of bottom cutting medium spreads fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of completely decomposed organic fertilizers+2000 according to the soil every 667 ㎡ Kilogram+3 kilogram of 3% phoxim granule of fertile soil carries out turning over plough smooth；Furrow are opened by 1.5 meters, 0.3 meter of furrow width, deep 0.05 between furrow Rice, furrow face is 1.2 meters wide, with plank furrow face is smooth, compacting；Furrow face is squirted with 70% fenaminosulf soluble powder, 1000 times of liquid again, The amount of spraying is every 667 ㎡ furrow face 120 kg.

The second layer: the configuration of surface layer matrix takes fresh yellow mud, screens out the hard yellow mud of stone, impurity and 0.01 meter or more, will Loose yellow mud after sieve is stand-by at 0.03 meter of compacting of the tiling of bottom cutting medium furrow face.

(2) brachyplast cuttage: the full ripe Camellia nitidissima branch of clip of the workload that can be completed according to the same day uses bamboo Utensil or cotton gauze are contained in shady place, and two leaves are a section, cut following a piece of leaf, and the cuttage branch sheared, which allows, is inserted into soil One end is glued in methyl α-naphthyl acetate mud, can be according to blade into the principle insertion soil in the same direction after 5 minutes, insertion The depth of soil is 0.015-0.02 meter, and in fresh yellow mud layer, this has without nutrient, aseptic environment for guarantee cuttage branch bottom end It is formed conducive to callus and induces generation adventitious root；

(3) retrogradation of Shandong Shandong rainbow 111 lateral bud dormancy breaking: is revealed to the gibberellin cream of 30 milliliter of+75% 5 gram+4% of oxime bacterium Tebuconazole 1000 times 15 kilograms of liquid of oil dilution is uniformly mixed, and squirts the furrow face of the good Camellia nitidissima of cuttage, and the amount of spraying is every about 667 square metre 90 Kilogram；On the one hand enough moisture is provided for closed moisturizing environment, while kills the germ on Camellia nitidissima blade face, soil surface；Separately On the one hand the function factor of the retrogradation dew of Shandong rainbow 111 and gibberellin combination is allowed to break Camellia nitidissima lateral bud suspend mode；

(4) closed shading moisturizing: furrow face bamboo chip, Anti-fogging Film are fabricated to 0.6 meter high Small plastic shed moisturizing, and surrounding is compact with soil not to leak Gas is shaded with shading net above Small plastic shed, reduces leaf water evaporation, is conducive to root in this way and is formed callus, generates not Determine root；

(5) apply fertilizer: when new root pass through first layer cutting medium, and 95% plant new root reach the second layer cutting medium when, selection Moisturizing plastic cloth and shading net are opened after cloudy day or at 5 points in the afternoon of fine day, contains TE with what Shanghai Wintong Chemicals Co., Ltd. produced, Inclined N, K, 1000 times of liquid of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of low P irrigate seedbed；It on the one hand is that cuttage plant provides comprehensive support in time Point, promote its healthy growth；On the other hand the fertilizer of N, K partially are conducive to bud point sprouting, mounted blade；

(6) vernalization: plastic cloth moisturizing is not had at night on the day of having irrigated the seedbed of fertilizer, blade face is complete after waiting 8 points of the next morning When entirely without droplet again 4% gibberellin emulsion dilute 15 kilograms of 1000 times of liquid produced with Syngenta Co., Ltd 250 milligrams/ The Camellia nitidissima bud point that do not sprout is smeared with fine, soft fur pen after mixing evenly up to 10 milliliters in the Amici risen, and the bud point sprouted cannot It smears, avoids sprouting excessive growth, smear one furrow of completion and cover plastic cloth and shading net immediately, and be compacted plastic cloth and shading net.It adopts The reasons why being reached with Amici is that it has surmounted the concept of normal sterile agent, passes through completely new plant disease management mode, hence it is evident that have promotion The effect of plant growth improves the yield of crop, improves the quality of crop.

(7) it checks: paying attention to observation Camellia nitidissima germination, the cuttage plant weight that still do not sprout to bud point after smearing 15 days Multiple 5,6 liang of steps；

(8) it is planted: spreading fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizers by 667 ㎡ in the plot chosen first and carry out turning over plough, it is smooth to open furrow, To improve loosing soil, increase gas permeability, 1.2 meters of furrow face width, furrow are 0.15 meter high, 0.25-0.3 meters of furrow width, hold furrow face successfully Plot build simple shading tent with wooden stick；When the 2-3 piece true leaf of sprouting is fully deployed, cloudy lifting is selected to be planted, Every furrow plant 6 rows, 0.15 meter of nest spacing, can be planted 20000 plants of cuttage seeding or so every about 667 ㎡, according to normal fertilizer and water management, Pest and disease damage, control of weeds, by growth in 1 year, highly up to 0.8-1 meters.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The method of the present invention avoids the following shortcoming of traditional cutting propagation first:

Traditional cottage method uses unified matrix, in fact it could happen that the infection germ of cuttage branch caused by disinfection is not thorough.Two The use of layer cutting medium removes the gnotobasis for having built root, it is thus also avoided that nutrient contained by cutting medium (especially N fertilizer) To the obstruction that callus is formed, delay cannot even form adventitious root.After in turn ensuring that new root penetrates fresh yellow mud layer simultaneously Adequate nutrients supply, golden flower tea shoot healthy growth.

Traditional cutting propagation is to allow bud point to sprout naturally by heat and moisture preserving.Camellia nitidissima is due to by itself inherent cause Influence, lateral bud bud point sprout it is relatively slow cannot even sprout, this is the main reason for Camellia nitidissima normal cutting propagation germination percentage is lower.This Method is by cuttage initial stage using the gibberellin emulsion of retrogradation 30 milliliter of+75% 5 gram+4% of the oxime bacterium Tebuconazole of dew of Shandong Shandong rainbow 111 It dilutes 1000 times of liquid, 15 kilograms of progress and breaks lateral bud suspend mode for the first time.Contain to the Camellia nitidissima cutting application that do not germinate yet to the middle and later periods 1000 times of liquid of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of TE, inclined N, K, low P irrigate seedbed, do not have at night on the day of having irrigated the seedbed of fertilizer Plastic cloth moisturizing, wait 8 points of the next morning after blade face absolutely not droplet when with 4% gibberellin emulsion dilute 1000 times of liquid The Camellia nitidissima bud point that do not sprout, which is smeared, with fine, soft fur pen afterwards carries out second of lateral bud dormancy breaking.So that lateral bud is in plant growth regulating It germinates under the action of agent, forms new plant.The use of this technical method is the main reason for improving its germination percentage.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

A method of improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage, comprising the following steps:

(1) preparation of cutting medium and cuttage furrow face prepare (the double-deck cutting medium):

First layer: the configuration of bottom cutting medium spreads fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of completely decomposed organic fertilizers+2000 according to the soil every 667 ㎡ Kilogram+3 kilogram of 3% phoxim granule of fertile soil carries out turning over plough smooth；Furrow are opened by 1.5 meters, 0.3 meter of furrow width, deep 0.05 between furrow Rice, furrow face is 1.2 meters wide, with plank furrow face is smooth, compacting；Furrow face is squirted with 70% fenaminosulf soluble powder, 1000 times of liquid again, The amount of spraying is every 667 ㎡ furrow face 120 kg.

The second layer: the configuration of surface layer matrix takes fresh yellow mud, screens out the hard Huang of stone, impurity and 0.01 meter of diameter or more Mud, the loose yellow mud after sieve is stand-by at 0.03 meter of compacting of the tiling of bottom cutting medium furrow face.

(2) brachyplast cuttage: the full ripe Camellia nitidissima branch of clip of the workload that can be completed according to the same day uses bamboo Utensil is contained in shady place, and two leaves are a section, cuts following a piece of leaf, and the cuttage branch sheared allows one end of insertion soil in naphthalene It is glued in acetic acid mud, the depth of soil can be inserted into according to blade into the principle insertion soil in the same direction after 5 minutes Be 0.015 meter, guarantee cuttage branch bottom end fresh yellow mud layer this without nutrient, aseptic environmental benefits in callus shape At and induce generation adventitious root；

(3) retrogradation of Shandong Shandong rainbow 111 lateral bud dormancy breaking: is revealed to the gibberellin cream of 30 milliliter of+75% 5 gram+4% of oxime bacterium Tebuconazole 1000 times 15 kilograms of liquid of oil dilution is uniformly mixed, and squirts the furrow face of the good Camellia nitidissima of cuttage, and the amount of spraying is every about 667 square metre 90 Kilogram；On the one hand enough moisture is provided for closed moisturizing environment, while kills the germ on Camellia nitidissima blade face, soil surface；Separately On the one hand the function factor of the retrogradation dew of Shandong rainbow 111 and gibberellin combination is allowed to break Camellia nitidissima lateral bud suspend mode；

(4) closed shading moisturizing: furrow face bamboo chip, Anti-fogging Film are fabricated to 0.6 meter high Small plastic shed moisturizing, and surrounding is compact with soil not to leak Gas is shaded with shading net above Small plastic shed, reduces leaf water evaporation, is conducive to root in this way and is formed callus, generates not Determine root；

(5) apply fertilizer: when new root pass through first layer cutting medium, and 95% plant new root reach the second layer cutting medium when, selection Moisturizing plastic cloth and shading net are opened after cloudy day or at 5 points in the afternoon of fine day, contains TE with what Shanghai Wintong Chemicals Co., Ltd. produced, Inclined N, K, 1000 times of liquid of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of low P irrigate seedbed；It on the one hand is that cuttage plant provides comprehensive support in time Point, promote its healthy growth；On the other hand the fertilizer of N, K partially are conducive to bud point sprouting, mounted blade；

(6) vernalization: plastic cloth moisturizing is not had at night on the day of having irrigated the seedbed of fertilizer, blade face is complete after waiting 8 points of the next morning When entirely without droplet again 4% gibberellin emulsion dilute 15 kilograms of 1000 times of liquid produced with Syngenta Co., Ltd 250 milligrams/ The Camellia nitidissima bud point that do not sprout is smeared with fine, soft fur pen after mixing evenly up to 10 milliliters in the Amici risen, and the bud point sprouted cannot It smears, avoids sprouting excessive growth, smear one furrow of completion and cover plastic cloth and shading net immediately, and be compacted plastic cloth and shading net.It adopts The reasons why being reached with Amici is that it has surmounted the concept of normal sterile agent, passes through completely new plant disease management mode, hence it is evident that have promotion The effect of plant growth improves the yield of crop, improves the quality of crop.

(7) it checks: paying attention to observation Camellia nitidissima germination, the cuttage plant weight that still do not sprout to bud point after smearing 15 days Multiple 5,6 liang of steps；

(8) it is planted: spreading fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizers by 667 ㎡ in the plot chosen first and carry out turning over plough, it is smooth to open furrow, To improve loosing soil, increase gas permeability, 1.2 meters of furrow face width, furrow are 0.15 meter high, 0.25 meter of furrow width, hold the ground of furrow face successfully Block builds simple shading tent with wooden stick；When 2 true leaves of sprouting are fully deployed, cloudy lifting is selected to be planted, every furrow kind 6 rows are planted, 0.15 meter of nest spacing, 20000 plants of cuttage seeding or so can be planted every about 667 ㎡, according to normal fertilizer and water management, disease pest Evil, control of weeds, by growth in 1 year, highly up to 0.8-1 meters.

Embodiment 2

A method of improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage, comprising the following steps:

(1) preparation of cutting medium and cuttage furrow face prepare (the double-deck cutting medium):

First layer: the configuration of bottom cutting medium spreads fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of completely decomposed organic fertilizers+2000 according to the soil every 667 ㎡ Kilogram+3 kilogram of 3% phoxim granule of fertile soil carries out turning over plough smooth；Furrow are opened by 1.5 meters, 0.3 meter of furrow width, deep 0.05 between furrow Rice, furrow face is 1.2 meters wide, with plank furrow face is smooth, compacting；Furrow face is squirted with 70% fenaminosulf soluble powder, 1000 times of liquid again, The amount of spraying is every 667 ㎡ furrow face 120 kg.

The second layer: the configuration of surface layer matrix takes fresh yellow mud, screens out the hard yellow mud of stone, impurity and 0.01 meter or more, will Loose yellow mud after sieve is stand-by at 0.03 meter of compacting of the tiling of bottom cutting medium furrow face.

(2) brachyplast cuttage: the full ripe Camellia nitidissima branch of clip of the workload that can be completed according to the same day uses cotton Gauze is contained in shady place, and two leaves are a section, cuts following a piece of leaf, and the cuttage branch sheared allows one end of insertion soil in naphthalene It is glued in acetic acid mud, the depth of soil can be inserted into according to blade into the principle insertion soil in the same direction after 5 minutes Be 0.02 meter, guarantee cuttage branch bottom end fresh yellow mud layer this without nutrient, aseptic environmental benefits in callus shape At and induce generation adventitious root；

(3) retrogradation of Shandong Shandong rainbow 111 lateral bud dormancy breaking: is revealed to the gibberellin cream of 30 milliliter of+75% 5 gram+4% of oxime bacterium Tebuconazole 1000 times 15 kilograms of liquid of oil dilution is uniformly mixed, and squirts the furrow face of the good Camellia nitidissima of cuttage, and the amount of spraying is every about 667 square metre 90 Kilogram；On the one hand enough moisture is provided for closed moisturizing environment, while kills the germ on Camellia nitidissima blade face, soil surface；Separately On the one hand the function factor of the retrogradation dew of Shandong rainbow 111 and gibberellin combination is allowed to break Camellia nitidissima lateral bud suspend mode；

(4) closed shading moisturizing: furrow face bamboo chip, Anti-fogging Film are fabricated to 0.6 meter high Small plastic shed moisturizing, and surrounding is compact with soil not to leak Gas is shaded with shading net above Small plastic shed, reduces leaf water evaporation, is conducive to root in this way and is formed callus, generates not Determine root；

(5) apply fertilizer: when new root pass through first layer cutting medium, and 95% plant new root reach the second layer cutting medium when, selection Moisturizing plastic cloth and shading net are opened after cloudy day or at 5 points in the afternoon of fine day, contains TE with what Shanghai Wintong Chemicals Co., Ltd. produced, Inclined N, K, 1000 times of liquid of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of low P irrigate seedbed；It on the one hand is that cuttage plant provides comprehensive support in time Point, promote its healthy growth；On the other hand the fertilizer of N, K partially are conducive to bud point sprouting, mounted blade；

(6) vernalization: plastic cloth moisturizing is not had at night on the day of having irrigated the seedbed of fertilizer, blade face is complete after waiting 8 points of the next morning When entirely without droplet again 4% gibberellin emulsion dilute 15 kilograms of 1000 times of liquid produced with Syngenta Co., Ltd 250 milligrams/ The Camellia nitidissima bud point that do not sprout is smeared with fine, soft fur pen after mixing evenly up to 10 milliliters in the Amici risen, and the bud point sprouted cannot It smears, avoids sprouting excessive growth, smear one furrow of completion and cover plastic cloth and shading net immediately, and be compacted plastic cloth and shading net.It adopts The reasons why being reached with Amici is that it has surmounted the concept of normal sterile agent, passes through completely new plant disease management mode, hence it is evident that have promotion The effect of plant growth improves the yield of crop, improves the quality of crop.

(7) it checks: paying attention to observation Camellia nitidissima germination, the cuttage plant weight that still do not sprout to bud point after smearing 15 days Multiple 5,6 liang of steps；

(8) it is planted: spreading fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizers by 667 ㎡ in the plot chosen first and carry out turning over plough, it is smooth to open furrow, To improve loosing soil, increase gas permeability, 1.2 meters of furrow face width, furrow are 0.15 meter high, 0.3 meter of furrow width, hold the plot of furrow face successfully Simple shading tent is built with wooden stick；When the 2-3 piece true leaf of sprouting is fully deployed, cloudy lifting is selected to be planted, every furrow kind 6 rows are planted, 0.15 meter of nest spacing, 20000 plants of cuttage seeding or so can be planted every about 667 ㎡, according to normal fertilizer and water management, disease pest Evil, control of weeds, by growth in 1 year, highly up to 0.8-1 meters.

In order to embody it is a kind of improve Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage method technical advantage, using traditional cottage method into Row control:

Control group 1:

(1) preparation of cutting medium and cuttage furrow face prepare:

Cutting medium configuration spreads fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of completely decomposed+2000 kilograms of fertile soil+3 of organic fertilizer according to the soil every 667 ㎡ Kilogram 3% phoxim granule carries out turning over plough smooth；Furrow are opened by 1.5 meters, 0.3 meter of furrow width, 0.05 meter deeply between furrow, furrow face is wide by 1.2 Rice, with plank furrow face is smooth, compacting；Furrow face is squirted with 70% fenaminosulf soluble powder, 1000 times of liquid again, the amount of spraying is every 667 ㎡ furrow face 120 kgs.

(2) brachyplast cuttage: the full ripe Camellia nitidissima branch of clip of the workload that can be completed according to the same day uses cotton Gauze is contained in shady place, and two leaves are a section, cuts following a piece of leaf, and the cuttage branch sheared allows one end of insertion soil in naphthalene It is glued in acetic acid mud, the depth of soil can be inserted into according to blade into the principle insertion soil in the same direction after 5 minutes It is 0.02 meter；

(3) sterilizing: 75% 5 grams of oxime bacterium Tebuconazole dilutes the furrow face that 1000 times of liquid squirt the good Camellia nitidissima of cuttage, and the amount of spraying is Every about 667 square metres 90 kilograms；On the one hand for closed moisturizing environment provide enough moisture, at the same kill Camellia nitidissima blade face, The germ of soil surface；(4) closed shading moisturizing: furrow face bamboo chip, Anti-fogging Film are fabricated to 0.6 meter high Small plastic shed moisturizing, surrounding It is compact with soil air tight, shaded above Small plastic shed with shading net, reduce leaf water evaporation, is conducive to root in this way and form callus Tissue generates adventitious root；

Control group 2:

(1) preparation of cutting medium and cuttage furrow face prepare:

1500 kilograms of completely decomposed+3 kilogram of 3% phoxims of+2000 kilograms of fertile soil of organic fertilizer are spread fertilizer over the fields according to the soil every 667 ㎡ It is smooth that granule turn over plough；Furrow are opened by 1.5 meters, 0.3 meter of furrow width between furrow, 0.05 meter deep, furrow face is 1.2 meters wide, with plank by furrow Face is smooth, it is stand-by that 0.03 meter of fresh yellow mud is spread after compacting.

(2) brachyplast cuttage: the full ripe Camellia nitidissima branch of clip of the workload that can be completed according to the same day uses cotton Gauze is contained in shady place, and two leaves are a section, cuts following a piece of leaf, and the cuttage branch sheared allows one end of insertion soil in naphthalene It is glued in acetic acid mud, the depth of soil can be inserted into according to blade into the principle insertion soil in the same direction after 4 minutes Be 0.02 meter, guarantee cuttage branch bottom end fresh yellow mud layer this without nutrient, aseptic environmental benefits in callus shape At and induce generation adventitious root；

(3) closed shading moisturizing: furrow face bamboo chip, Anti-fogging Film are fabricated to 0.6 meter high Small plastic shed moisturizing, and surrounding is compact with soil not to leak Gas is shaded with shading net above Small plastic shed, reduces leaf water evaporation, is conducive to root in this way and is formed callus, generates not Determine root；

(4) apply fertilizer: when new root pass through first layer cutting medium, and 95% plant new root reach the second layer cutting medium when, selection Moisturizing plastic cloth and shading net are opened after cloudy day or at 5 points in the afternoon of fine day, contains TE with what Shanghai Wintong Chemicals Co., Ltd. produced, Inclined N, K, 1000 times of liquid of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of low P irrigate seedbed；It on the one hand is that cuttage plant provides comprehensive support in time Point, promote its healthy growth；On the other hand the fertilizer of N, K partially are conducive to bud point sprouting, mounted blade；

(5) it is planted: spreading fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizers by 667 ㎡ in the plot chosen first and carry out turning over plough, it is smooth to open furrow, To improve loosing soil, increase gas permeability, 1.2 meters of furrow face width, furrow are 0.15 meter high, 0.3 meter of furrow width, hold the plot of furrow face successfully Simple shading tent is built with wooden stick；When the 2-3 piece true leaf of sprouting is fully deployed, cloudy lifting is selected to be planted, every furrow kind 6 rows are planted, 0.15 meter of nest spacing, 20000 plants of cuttage seeding or so can be planted every about 667 ㎡, according to normal fertilizer and water management, disease pest Evil, control of weeds, by growth in 1 year, highly up to 0.8-1 meters.

Control group 3:

(1) preparation of cutting medium and cuttage furrow face prepare:

Cutting medium configuration spreads fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of completely decomposed+2000 kilograms of fertile soil+3 of organic fertilizer according to the soil every 667 ㎡ Kilogram 3% phoxim granule carries out turning over plough smooth；Furrow are opened by 1.5 meters, 0.3 meter of furrow width, 0.05 meter deeply between furrow, furrow face is wide by 1.2 Rice, with plank furrow face is smooth, compacting；Every 667 ㎡ squirts furrow with 70% fenaminosulf soluble powder, 1000 times of liquid 120 kgs again Face is stand-by.

(2) brachyplast cuttage: the full ripe Camellia nitidissima branch of clip of the workload that can be completed according to the same day uses cotton Gauze is contained in shady place, and two leaves are a section, cuts following a piece of leaf, and the cuttage branch sheared allows one end of insertion soil in naphthalene It is glued in acetic acid mud, the depth of soil can be inserted into according to blade into the principle insertion soil in the same direction after 6 minutes It is 0.02 meter；

(3) closed shading moisturizing: furrow face bamboo chip, Anti-fogging Film are fabricated to 0.6 meter high Small plastic shed moisturizing, and surrounding is compact with soil not to leak Gas is shaded with shading net above Small plastic shed, reduces leaf water evaporation, is conducive to root in this way and is formed callus, generates not Determine root；

(4) it applies fertilizer: when 95% cuttage seeding new root has 3 centimeter length, moisturizing modeling is opened after at 5 points in the afternoon of selection cloudy day or fine day Expect cloth and shading net, contains TE, inclined N, K, the Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of low P with what Shanghai Wintong Chemicals Co., Ltd. produced 1000 times of liquid irrigate seedbed；On the one hand it is that cuttage plant provides comprehensive nutrient in time, promotes its healthy growth；Another aspect N partially, The fertilizer of K is conducive to bud point sprouting, mounted blade；

(5) it is planted: spreading fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizers by 667 ㎡ in the plot chosen first and carry out turning over plough, it is smooth to open furrow, To improve loosing soil, increase gas permeability, 1.2 meters of furrow face width, furrow are 0.15 meter high, 0.3 meter of furrow width, hold the plot of furrow face successfully Simple shading tent is built with wooden stick；When the 2-3 piece true leaf of sprouting is fully deployed, cloudy lifting is selected to be planted, every furrow kind 6 rows are planted, 0.15 meter of nest spacing, 20000 plants of cuttage seeding or so can be planted every about 667 ㎡, according to normal fertilizer and water management, disease pest Evil, control of weeds, by growth in 1 year, highly up to 0.8-1 meters.

Embodiment and control group experiment effect index

It can be seen that normal cutting propagation breeding rooting rate reaches 89.3-96.4% from the table, but germination percentage only has 30.5-33.8%, makes Cuttage seeding cannot be formed at the branch of 66.2-69.5%, greatly wastes limited golden flower tea resource.A kind of raising Camellia nitidissima The method cutting propagation rooting rate of cuttage seeding germination percentage reaches 98.5.3-99.2%, and germination percentage reaches 74.6-80.1%, to make full use of Limited Camellia nitidissima branch breeds out the seedling of a large amount of health, solves the low characteristic effect of its natural germination percentage with the technical solution Obviously.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of method for improving Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding germination percentage, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of cutting medium and cuttage furrow face prepare, using the double-deck cutting medium:

First layer: the configuration of bottom cutting medium spreads fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of completely decomposed organic fertilizers+2000 according to the soil every 667 ㎡ Kilogram+3 kilogram of 3% phoxim granule of fertile soil carries out turning over plough smooth；Furrow are opened by 1.5 meters, 0.3 meter of furrow width, deep 0.05 between furrow Rice, furrow face is 1.2 meters wide, with plank furrow face is smooth, compacting；Furrow face is squirted with 70% fenaminosulf soluble powder, 1000 times of liquid again, The amount of spraying is every 667 ㎡ furrow face 120 kg；

The second layer: the configuration of surface layer matrix takes fresh yellow mud, screens out the hard yellow mud of stone, impurity and 0.01 meter of diameter or more, will Loose yellow mud after sieve is stand-by at 0.03 meter of compacting of the tiling of bottom cutting medium furrow face；

(2) brachyplast cuttage: the full ripe Camellia nitidissima branch articles made of bamboo of clip of the workload that can be completed according to the same day have Or cotton gauze is contained in shady place, two leaves are a section, cut following a piece of leaf, one end that the cuttage branch sheared makes insertion native It is glued in methyl α-naphthyl acetate mud, soil can be inserted into according to the principle in blade toward the same direction to mud is slightly dry after 5 minutes In, the depth for being inserted into soil is 0.015-0.02 meter, guarantee cuttage branch bottom end fresh yellow mud layer this without nutrient, aseptic Environmental benefits form in callus and induce generation adventitious root；The preparation of methyl α-naphthyl acetate mud: 2 kilograms of fresh yellow mud is poured into It is sufficiently stirred in 3 kilograms of clear water, filters out impurity, hard clod with 50% shading net, obtained yellow mud is quiet to be put after ten minutes The clear water on face is outwelled, adds 20 milligrams of methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 20% to stir evenly by per kilogram yellow mud；

(3) retrogradation of Shandong Shandong rainbow 111 lateral bud dormancy breaking: is revealed to the gibberellin cream of 30 milliliter of+75% 5 gram+4% of oxime bacterium Tebuconazole 1000 times 15 kilograms of liquid of oil dilution is uniformly mixed, and squirts the furrow face of the good Camellia nitidissima of cuttage, and the amount of spraying is every about 667 square metre 90 Kilogram；

(4) closed shading moisturizing: 0.6 meter of small arch of height is fabricated in furrow face bamboo chip, Anti-fogging Film when the no moisture of Camellia nitidissima blade face Canopy moisturizing, surrounding is compact with soil air tight, is shaded above Small plastic shed with shading net, reduces leaf water evaporation, is conducive in this way Root forms callus, generates adventitious root；

(5) apply fertilizer: when new root pass through first layer cutting medium, and 95% plant new root reach the second layer cutting medium when, selection Moisturizing plastic cloth and shading net are opened after cloudy day or at 5 points in the afternoon of fine day, with Shanghai Wintong Chemicals Co., Ltd.'s production containing micro- 1000 times of liquid of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of secondary element, inclined N, K, low P irrigate seedbed；

(6) vernalization: plastic cloth moisturizing is not had at night on the day of having irrigated the seedbed of fertilizer, blade face is complete after waiting 8 points of the next morning When entirely without droplet again 4% gibberellin emulsion dilute 15 kilograms of 1000 times of liquid produced with Syngenta Co., Ltd 250 milligrams/ The Camellia nitidissima bud point that do not sprout is smeared with fine, soft fur pen after mixing evenly up to 10 milliliters in the Amici risen, and the bud point sprouted cannot It smears, avoids sprouting excessive growth, smear one furrow of completion and cover plastic cloth and shading net immediately, and be compacted plastic cloth and shading net；It adopts The reasons why being reached with Amici is that it has surmounted the concept of normal sterile agent, passes through completely new plant disease management mode, hence it is evident that have promotion The effect of plant growth improves the yield of crop, improves the quality of crop；

(7) it checks: paying attention to observation Camellia nitidissima germination after smearing 15 days, the cuttage plant weight that still do not sprout to bud point is multiple 5, 6 liang of steps；

(8) it is planted: spreading fertilizer over the fields 1500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizers by 667 ㎡ in the plot chosen first and carry out turning over plough, it is smooth to open furrow, To improve loosing soil, increase gas permeability, 1.2 meters of furrow face width, furrow are 0.15 meter high, 0.25-0.3 meters of furrow width, hold furrow face successfully Plot build simple shading tent with wooden stick；When the 2-3 piece true leaf of sprouting is fully deployed, cloudy lifting is selected to be planted, Every furrow plant 6 rows, 0.15 meter of nest spacing, can be planted 20000 plants of cuttage seeding or so every about 667 ㎡, according to normal fertilizer and water management, Pest and disease damage, control of weeds, by growth in 1 year, highly up to 0.8-1 meters.