CN109220057A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220057A CN109220057A CN201811248363.1A CN201811248363A CN109220057A CN 109220057 A CN109220057 A CN 109220057A CN 201811248363 A CN201811248363 A CN 201811248363A CN 109220057 A CN109220057 A CN 109220057A
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- seed
- paris polyphylla
- culturing seedlings
- coco bran
- paris
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla comprising following steps: (1) the mature Paris polyphylla seed of acquisition；(2) seed is placed 45~65 days at 6~15 DEG C；(3) seed is taken out, soda water is added and impregnates seed, Paris polyphylla seed is mixed with coco bran progress first time；It takes out seed to be soaked seed with Gibberellins solution, then carries out second with above-mentioned coco bran and mix；The bulk density of the coco bran is 0.22 g/cm3, porosity 18.12%, pH 6.57, EC value be 274.83 us/cm, with a thickness of 30 cm；(3) Paris polyphylla seed obtained by step (3) is sowed；(4) field transplanting is carried out when long extremely >=5 cm after seed sprouting.Method provided by the invention has broken the suspend mode of Paris polyphylla seed very well, so that the germination rate of Paris polyphylla seed greatly improves, significantly shortens seedling-growing time, improves emergence rate, ensure that the survival rate of seedling after transplanting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla.
Background technique
Paris polyphylla, Chinese medicine name are the dry rhizome of liliaceous plant Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis or paris polyphylla.Its bitter, cold nature.
There is clearing heat and detoxicating a, swelling and pain relieving, the effect of cool liver is calmed the frightened, is usually used in furunculosis carbuncle swells, abscess of throat, snakebite and bugbite, the pain of injury caused by falling and tumbling,
Convulsion.Paris polyphylla is distributed mainly on one band of Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou in Southwestern China portion, and main product is grown on height above sea level in Yunnan
In the evergreen broadleaf forest of 1400~3100 m, Pinus Yunnanensis Forest, bamboo grove, spinney shady spot and dark and damp mountain valley.
The natural speed of growth of Paris polyphylla low reproduction rate, medicinal part rhizomes is very slow, from germination to growth
Patent medicine commodity generally need 8~10 years.In recent years, a large amount of excavation reduces wild Paris polyphylla resource increasingly, has been approached exhaustion,
The sustainable development of medical industry made from it is seriously affected.
In view of this, people study the artificial cultivation technique of Paris polyphylla.At present about the plantation of Paris polyphylla, the country is main
It to sprout for seed and be planted with rhizome dissection, implantation methods are as follows:
Seminal propagation: 10 to November paris polyphylla seed it is mature after, seed treatment is carried out using sand storage vernalization, then drilling or is disseminated
In on ready-made seedbed, the wide 120cm in seedbed, high 20cm cover fertile soil and plant ash above, sprinkle profoundly water, and keep wet, third
April in year receives seedling.
Band terminal bud rhizome cutting propagation: winter after Paris polyphylla sprout tumble, takes rhizoma paris rhizome, presses perpendicular to rhizome major axes orientation, with band
Cutting at long 3~4cm (rest part can be used as the sale of commodity Paris polyphylla) is saved in terminal bud part, and wound dips in plant ash or quick lime,
It is then cultivated by field planting seeding row spacing 15cm × 15cm, the 2nd year spring can emerge.
Above-mentioned seed is sprouted and rhizome dissection implantation methods, since Paris polyphylla seed has the physiological property of embryo after-ripening, in nature
Under the conditions of need to sprout by the time in two winters, emergence rate only has 10 % or so, and seedling-growing time is long, and emergence rate is low；
Rhizome dissection plantation can occupy a large amount of production raw material, cause to cultivate the aggravation of contradictions used kind with pharmaceutical raw material, this is circumscribed
Rhizome after section is easy infection and goes rotten since crop field moisture and temperature are difficult to control, and germplasm materials loss late is up to 50% or more,
And low reproduction rate, it emerges irregular, inconvenience management, planting cost is also high, is unfavorable for being widely applied for Paris polyphylla plantation.
Therefore, it is badly in need of seeking a kind of new Paris polyphylla method for culturing seedlings, Paris polyphylla seed germination is slow, germination rate is not high to solving,
Seedling-growing time is long, emergence rate is low, the relatively low problem of Paris polyphylla overall productivity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, and a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla is provided, effectively solved
Certainly Paris polyphylla farmer income is low, and planting cost is higher, and realization Paris polyphylla seed germination is fast, germination rate improves, and seedling-growing time shortens, goes out
Seedling rate is high, increases substantially the purpose of Paris polyphylla overall productivity.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla, including is walked as follows
It is rapid:
(1) mature Paris polyphylla seed is acquired in the 9-10 month, and kind of a skin is taken off, dries intraseminal moisture at room temperature；
(2) seed in step (1) is placed 45~65 days at 6~15 DEG C；
(3) seed is taken out, soda water is added and impregnates seed, Paris polyphylla seed and coco bran 1:2 in mass ratio~4 are then carried out first
3 ~ 5 h of processing are buried in secondary mixing；Take out seed further soaked seed with Gibberellins solution, then with above-mentioned coco bran 1:3 in mass ratio~
5, which carry out second, mixes, and buries 1 ~ 2 h of processing；The bulk density of the coco bran is 0.22 g/cm3, porosity be that 18.12 %, pH are
6.57, EC value is 274.83 us/cm, with a thickness of 30 cm；Culture placement is carried out under dark condition, until seed base-root starts
Prepare sowing when sprouting；
(3) Paris polyphylla seed obtained by step (3) is sowed, fine earth and the vegetation that after planting covering volume ratio is 1:3 on it
Ash, 3~5 cm of cladding thickness；
(4) mulch is after planting covered, shading net is set, soil moisture is maintained at 55-60 %, keeps seed to be protected from light, goes out in seed
Mulch is opened before seedling；Field transplanting can be carried out when long extremely >=5 cm after seed sprouting.
Above-mentioned method for culturing seedlings provided by the invention takes full advantage of the habit of Paris polyphylla " preferably shady fear is shone, hygrophilous avoid dry ",
It is directed to that the Paris polyphylla seed dormancy time is long, can not quickly carry out the characteristic of effective rudiment, Paris polyphylla kind can be broken by having found one kind
The method of sub- suspend mode can fast implement the rudiment of seed, and wherein coco bran is promoting Paris polyphylla seed germination raw as seedling medium
Long side has made significant contribution.The coco bran matrix that the present invention selects has the cultivation characteristic of optimum Paris polyphylla seed sprouting,
And common coco bran is unable to reach corresponding effect.
The present invention selects suitable medicament by carrying out being suitable for vernalization processing to Paris polyphylla seed, and by property stage by stage with
Crucial matrix coco bran of the invention carries out burial processing and sets, and Paris polyphylla seed is sprouted in advance, seed is greatly improved
Germination efficiency, the emergence rate of seed is high.
Further, the mass concentration of soda water described in step (2) is 1.5 ~ 2 %.
Further, soda water impregnates seed 36 h of immersion treatment at 45 DEG C, the soda water and Paris polyphylla seed
Mass ratio is 3 ~ 4:1.
Further, the concentration of the Gibberellins solution is 50~100 mg/L, gibberellin seed soaking 20~30
min。
Further, the humidity of coco bran is 60-80 % in step (2), coco bran internal temperature is 15-20 DEG C.
Further, the Paris polyphylla seed is sowed by the seeding row spacing of 15 × 20 cm.
Further, the degree of giving shade of the shading net is 60-80 %.
Further, selection kind skin is in the Paris polyphylla seed of maroon in step (1).
Further, being dried in step (1) to the water content of seed is 10 % or less.
Further, seed is packed into nylon net bag in step (1), carry out washing removal by rubbing with the hands in 30-40 DEG C of warm water
Kind skin.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings for fast implementing Paris polyphylla seed and sprouting and emerging, and use the coco bran of special nature
As seedling medium, is handled in conjunction with reasonable vernalization, broken the suspend mode of Paris polyphylla seed very well, so that the germination rate of Paris polyphylla seed
It greatly improves, significantly shortens seedling-growing time, improve emergence rate, ensure that the survival rate of seedling after transplanting.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments to the present invention
It is specifically described, it is necessary to, it is noted that following embodiment is used only for that the present invention is explained and illustrated, be not used to
Limit the present invention.Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that those skilled in the art are made according to foregoing invention content, still belong to
In protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla, follows the steps below:
(1) the mature Paris polyphylla seed that kind of skin is in maroon is acquired in the 9-10 month, seed is packed into nylon net bag, in 30 DEG C of temperature
It carries out washing removal kind skin by rubbing with the hands in water, drying intraseminal moisture to water content at room temperature is 10 % or less；
(2) seed in step (1) is placed 45 days at 6 DEG C；
(3) take out seed, by mass fraction be 3 times be added mass concentrations be 1.5 % soda water at 45 DEG C immersion treatment kind
Then Paris polyphylla seed is mixed with coco bran 1:2 in mass ratio progress first time, buries 3 h of processing by 36 h of son；Seed is taken out into one
20 min of Gibberellins solution seed soaking that step is 50 mg/L with concentration, then carried out second with above-mentioned coco bran 1:3 in mass ratio
1 h of processing is buried in mixing；The bulk density of the coco bran is 0.22 g/cm3, porosity be 18.12 %, pH 6.57, EC value is
274.83 us/cm, with a thickness of 30 cm；Culture placement is carried out under dark condition, keeping the humidity of coco bran is 60 %, coco bran
Internal temperature is 15 DEG C, until prepare sowing when seed base-root starts to sprout；
(3) Paris polyphylla seed obtained by step (3) is sowed by the seeding row spacing of 15 × 20 cm, after planting covers volume on it
Than the fine earth and plant ash for 1:3,3 cm of cladding thickness；
(4) mulch is after planting covered, shading net is set, degree of giving shade is 60 %, and soil moisture is maintained at 55 %, and seed is kept to keep away
Light opens mulch before seed sprouting；Field transplanting can be carried out when long extremely >=5 cm after seed sprouting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla, follows the steps below:
(1) the mature Paris polyphylla seed that kind of skin is in maroon is acquired in the 9-10 month, seed is packed into nylon net bag, in 40 DEG C of temperature
It carries out washing removal kind skin by rubbing with the hands in water, drying intraseminal moisture to water content at room temperature is 10 % or less；
(2) seed in step (1) is placed 65 days at 15 DEG C；
(3) take out seed, by mass fraction be 4 times be added mass concentrations be 2 % soda water at 45 DEG C immersion treatment seed
Then Paris polyphylla seed is mixed with coco bran 1:4 in mass ratio progress first time, buries 5 h of processing by 36 h；It is further to take out seed
30 min of Gibberellins solution seed soaking for being 100 mg/L with concentration, then carried out second with above-mentioned coco bran 1:5 in mass ratio
2 h of processing are buried in mixing；The bulk density of the coco bran is 0.22 g/cm3, porosity be 18.12 %, pH 6.57, EC value is
274.83 us/cm, with a thickness of 30 cm；Culture placement is carried out under dark condition, keeping the humidity of coco bran is 80 %, coco bran
Internal temperature is 20 DEG C, until prepare sowing when seed base-root starts to sprout；
(3) Paris polyphylla seed obtained by step (3) is sowed by the seeding row spacing of 15 × 20 cm, after planting covers volume on it
Than the fine earth and plant ash for 1:3,5 cm of cladding thickness；
(4) mulch is after planting covered, shading net is set, degree of giving shade is 80 %, and soil moisture is maintained at 60 %, and seed is kept to keep away
Light opens mulch before seed sprouting；Field transplanting can be carried out when long extremely >=5 cm after seed sprouting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla, follows the steps below:
(1) the mature Paris polyphylla seed that kind of skin is in maroon is acquired in the 9-10 month, seed is packed into nylon net bag, in 36 DEG C of temperature
It carries out washing removal kind skin by rubbing with the hands in water, drying intraseminal moisture to water content at room temperature is 10 % or less；
(2) seed in step (1) is placed 55 days at 12 DEG C；
(3) take out seed, by mass fraction be 4 times be added mass concentrations be 1.8 % soda water at 45 DEG C immersion treatment kind
Then Paris polyphylla seed is mixed with coco bran 1:3 in mass ratio progress first time, buries 4 h of processing by 36 h of son；Seed is taken out into one
25 min of Gibberellins solution seed soaking that step is 80 mg/L with concentration, then carried out second with above-mentioned coco bran 1:4 in mass ratio
1.5 h of processing are buried in mixing；The bulk density of the coco bran is 0.22 g/cm3, porosity be 18.12 %, pH 6.57, EC value is
274.83 us/cm, with a thickness of 30 cm；Culture placement is carried out under dark condition, keeping the humidity of coco bran is 65 %, coco bran
Internal temperature is 20 DEG C, until prepare sowing when seed base-root starts to sprout；
(3) Paris polyphylla seed obtained by step (3) is sowed by the seeding row spacing of 15 × 20 cm, after planting covers volume on it
Than the fine earth and plant ash for 1:3,4 cm of cladding thickness；
(4) mulch is after planting covered, shading net is set, degree of giving shade is 70 %, and soil moisture is maintained at 58 %, and seed is kept to keep away
Light opens mulch before seed sprouting；Field transplanting can be carried out when long extremely >=5 cm after seed sprouting.
Test case 1
The cultivating seeds of paris polyphylla are carried out, according to the seedling raising manners of embodiment 1-3 during 2010 to 2017 to cultivate place
Coco bran is replaced with into the scheme of wet sand as control in reason, to the germination rate of paris polyphylla seed in embodiment 1-3 and control with
And crop yield is counted, and is started seedling-growing time and is carried out in terms of after planting by seed, seed germination rate is planted after being handled with vernalization
Sub- radicle carries out the quantity statistics of rudiment, and shoot survival percent is counted out with the amount of survival for carrying out field transplanting after seed sprouting, mu
The annual output that yield started to harvest Paris polyphylla with the 8th year is counted, and statistical result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 the coco bran that the present invention selects carries out nursery processing as matrix, raising Paris polyphylla seed can be played and sprouted
It is high to shorten seedling-growing time, emergence rate, and increases substantially the effect of Paris polyphylla overall productivity for hair rate.
And the coco bran bulk density selected is 0.12 g/cm3, porosity be 20.12 %, pH 7.21, EC value is 268.13
Us/cm, when carrying out nursery with a thickness of 30 cm, effect is not so good as the present embodiment, and average seedling-growing time takes late 2 months, and seed is sprouted
Rate is only 80 %, and standard of the invention, only 1750 kg/ mus is also not achieved in per mu yield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla, which comprises the steps of:
(1) mature Paris polyphylla seed is acquired in the 9-10 month, and kind of a skin is taken off, dries intraseminal moisture at room temperature；
(2) seed in step (1) is placed 45~65 days at 6~15 DEG C；
(3) seed is taken out, soda water is added and impregnates seed, Paris polyphylla seed and coco bran 1:2 in mass ratio~4 are then carried out first
3 ~ 5 h of processing are buried in secondary mixing；Take out seed further soaked seed with Gibberellins solution, then with above-mentioned coco bran 1:3 in mass ratio~
5, which carry out second, mixes, and buries 1 ~ 2 h of processing；The bulk density of the coco bran is 0.22 g/cm3, porosity be that 18.12 %, pH are
6.57, EC value is 274.83 us/cm, with a thickness of 30 cm；Culture placement is carried out under dark condition, until seed base-root starts
Prepare sowing when sprouting；
(3) Paris polyphylla seed obtained by step (3) is sowed, fine earth and the vegetation that after planting covering volume ratio is 1:3 on it
Ash, 3~5 cm of cladding thickness；
(4) mulch is after planting covered, shading net is set, soil moisture is maintained at 55-60 %, keeps seed to be protected from light, goes out in seed
Mulch is opened before seedling；Field transplanting can be carried out when long extremely >=5 cm after seed sprouting.
2. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quality of soda water described in step (2) is dense
Degree is 1.5 ~ 2 %.
3. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that soda water immersion seed is at 45 DEG C at immersion
Manage 36 h, the mass ratio of the soda water and Paris polyphylla seed is 3 ~ 4:1.
4. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of the Gibberellins solution be 50~
100 mg/L, 20~30 min of gibberellin seed soaking.
5. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the humidity of coco bran is 60-80 in step (3)
%, coco bran internal temperature are 15-20 DEG C.
6. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Paris polyphylla seed presses the strain of 15 × 20 cm
Line-spacing is sowed.
7. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the degree of giving shade of the shading net is 60-80 %.
8. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that selection kind skin is in maroon in step (1)
Paris polyphylla seed.
9. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that dried in step (1) to the water content of seed
For 10 % or less.
10. the method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, which is characterized in that seed is packed into nylon wire in step (1)
Bag carries out washing removal kind skin by rubbing with the hands in 30-40 DEG C of warm water.
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| CN201811248363.1A CN109220057A (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Paris polyphylla |
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| CN101796899A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-08-11 | 北京师范大学 | Method for sprouting seeds of polyphylla Smith var.ynynanensis (Franch.) Hand-Mazz |
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