CN109168884A - A kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109168884A CN109168884A CN201811105235.1A CN201811105235A CN109168884A CN 109168884 A CN109168884 A CN 109168884A CN 201811105235 A CN201811105235 A CN 201811105235A CN 109168884 A CN109168884 A CN 109168884A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural methods, it is related to pear tree cultivation field, include the following steps: the tree-like culture of (1) frame: the healthy and strong large-scale nursery stock of selection is colonized, it is done surely when field planting in 80-100cm, selects June current year 3 healthy and strong shoots of pumping as major branch culture；(2) build frame: field planting built frame after the 3rd year, formed the wire side that grid is 50 centimeter squares；Then the major branch is fixed on wire side；(3) skeleton branch culture: selecting 3 well-grown newly slightly shorter section on each major branch, and clip stays bud, is newly slightly grown to extension branch described in second year, and the major branch and extension branch are cultivated to obtain skeleton branch after 2 years.The present invention combines pergola system and tree-like culture, and the ventilation of pear tree is light-exposed good, as a result stable, is conducive to cultivate new fruitful branch, branch group growing way and frame face consistency are strong, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pear tree cultivation field more particularly to a kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural methods.
Background technique
Pears are a kind of Common Fruits kinds in China, and not only meat is tender and crisp for it, juice multi-flavor sweet tea, nutrition rich at
Point, and pear flower is spotless white, pear tree is like nature itself, and pears also have ornamental value and aesthetic values, therefore since ancient times pears it is deep by
People's likes, pear tree is the Important Economic crop in China, and cultivated area and yield occupy first place in the world.
Pergola system is a kind of cultivation technique for pear tree that China is introduced the nineties in last century from Japan, the frame of pear tree
Cultivation technique not only has the advantages that wind resistance, but also can be improved fruit quality, especially has in terms of the uniformity of fruit
It is conventional to cultivate tree-like unrivaled advantage without frame, it is high-quality, the important way of standardized planting.But the pears of the prior art
Tree pergola system technology is too simple, affects the performance of frame effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to provide a kind of high-quality pear cultivation of novel shed frame type to make up defect of the existing technology
The pergola system of pear tree is combined with tree-like culture, can play pergola system to the greatest extent to Growth of Pear Trees product by method
The raising of matter.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method includes the following steps:
(1) the tree-like culture of frame: the healthy and strong large-scale nursery stock of selection is colonized, and when field planting does surely in 80-100cm, June current year
Select 3 healthy and strong shoots of pumping as major branch culture, late June carries out bondage to the major branch with bamboo pole；The 2nd year spring,
Also the major branch is fixed with upright bamboo pole；
(2) build frame: field planting built frame after the 3rd year, and corner post is erected in the quadrangle of frame, lateral column is erected four in frame
Week davit is distributed in frame, by the top of the corner post, lateral column and davit, surrounding and centre are every in length and breadth at the top of frame
3 meters of drawings, one of steel strand wires, the grid of formation are the skeleton of entire wire side；After skeleton is formed, add every 50 centimetres drawing together No. 8 or
No. 10 iron wires form the wire side that grid is 50 centimeter squares；Then the major branch is fixed on wire side；
(3) skeleton branch culture: 3 well-grown newly slightly shorter section is selected on each major branch, clip stays bud, second year institute
It states and is newly slightly grown to extension branch, the major branch and extension branch are cultivated to obtain skeleton branch after 2 years.
Further, bamboo pole described in the step (1) and ground are at 45 °.
Further, in the step (2) corner post use 330 centimetres of 12 cm x, 12 cm x concrete column.
Further, in the step (2) lateral column use 285 centimetres of 10 cm x, 10 cm x concrete column.
Further, davit uses 8 centimetres of diameter or so in the step (2), long 4 meters of cement pillar.
Further, to reinforce fertilizer and water management within the 3rd year and the 4th year after field planting, reduction is beared fruit.
Further, the major branch is supported on wire side with bamboo pole, maintains the major branch with 40 ° of the elevation angle.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: pergola system and tree-like culture are combined, the ventilation of pear tree is light-exposed good, as a result
Stablize, is conducive to cultivate new fruitful branch, branch group growing way and frame face consistency are strong, easy to operate.
Specific embodiment
Brief description is made to a specific embodiment of the invention below.
A kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method, includes the following steps:
(1) the tree-like culture of frame: the tree-like nursery stock healthy and strong large-scale firstly the need of selection of culture, when field planting, need to be fixed at 80-100 centimetres
It is dry, generally June current year can 3-4 stalwartness shoot of pumping, these are exactly the major branch in future, need to take seriously；6
The last ten-days period moon carry out bondage to innovation with bamboo pole, and in favor of fixed branch angle, general bamboo pole angle and ground are at 45 °；The 2nd
Nian Chun is also fixed corresponding major branch with upright bamboo pole, in favor of improving major branch growing way, is trained as early as possible tree-like；
(2) it builds frame: building within the 3rd year or the 4th year generally after field planting corresponding frame, frame is by pillar and metal wire knitted
Wire side composition；Pillar subangle column, lateral column, three kinds of davit；Corner post: it erects in the quadrangle of frame, using 12 cm x, 12 cm x 330
Centimetre concrete column；Lateral column: erecting the surrounding in frame, and every 3 meters one, using 10 cm x, 10 cm x, 285 centimetres of cement
Column；Corner post and lateral column when prefabricated at the top of to have buried small iron hoop, form wire side convenient for connecting steel strand wires and iron wire；Davit: uniformly
It is distributed in frame, using 8 centimetres of diameter or so, long 4 meters of cement pillar；Seine face is hung in its effect；It is welded on the top of davit
The disk for being drilled with 9 apertures is connect, the iron wire for pulling wire side passes through the top that aperture is fixed on davit；Wire side steel strand wires and
No. 8 galvanized wires are mutually interspersed to be woven；For save the cost, it is also possible to 16 millimeters of steel strand wires；Steel strand wires: surrounding at the top of frame
And intermediate one of steel strand wires of every 3 meters of drawings in length and breadth, the grid of formation are the skeleton of entire wire side；Iron wire: after steel strand wires skeleton is formed,
Add drawing No. 8 or No. 10 iron wires together every 50 centimetres, forms the wire side that grid is 50 centimeter squares；The 3rd year and the 4th year after field planting
It is the critical period for cultivating major branch, timely bondage and fixation, while being also noted that reinforcement rich water, reduction bears fruit and keeps major branch
Extend the measures such as the angle of branch；Major branch growing way is improved, in favor of shaping as early as possible；
(3) skeleton branch culture: tree structure mainly determines by skeleton branch, when frame pears skeleton branch culture, in major branch or big side shoot
End of the branch, which extends in branch, selects 2~3 well-grown young sprout cutting backs (generally to stay 20~30 centimetres, about the 1/3~1/ of young sprout long shoot
6), clip stays；Second year selects healthy and strong as branch is extended, and when the extension branch young sprout growing way of major branch or big side shoot is weak, can stay 2
~3 buds weight cutting back, clip stays bud, to improve tree vigo(u)r；The big side shoot extending head certain angle of major branch is maintained, is to improve its growth potential
Key；General 40 ° of elevations angle are more suitable for that can be supported with bamboo pole to extending head on frame face；Have in this way 1 year when
Between skeleton branch just turn out, the 3rd year can be as a result, just basic forming, fruit tree also open for the 5th~6 year frame pear tree after field planting
Begin to enter the best fruiting period.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, and the invention may be variously modified and varied.All foundations
Technical spirit of the invention should be included in the present invention to embodiment of above any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on
Protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method, includes the following steps:
(1) the tree-like culture of frame: the healthy and strong large-scale nursery stock of selection is colonized, and when field planting does surely in 80-100cm, June current year
Select 3 healthy and strong shoots of pumping as major branch culture, late June carries out bondage to the major branch with bamboo pole；The 2nd year spring,
Also the major branch is fixed with upright bamboo pole；
(2) build frame: field planting built frame after the 3rd year, and corner post is erected in the quadrangle of frame, lateral column is erected four in frame
Week davit is distributed in frame, by the top of the corner post, lateral column and davit, surrounding and centre are every in length and breadth at the top of frame
3 meters of drawings, one of steel strand wires, the grid of formation are the skeleton of entire wire side；After skeleton is formed, add every 50 centimetres drawing together No. 8 or
No. 10 iron wires form the wire side that grid is 50 centimeter squares；Then the major branch is fixed on wire side；
(3) skeleton branch culture: 3 well-grown newly slightly shorter section is selected on each major branch, clip stays bud, second year institute
It states and is newly slightly grown to extension branch, the major branch and extension branch are cultivated to obtain skeleton branch after 2 years.
2. novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in the step (1)
It is at 45 ° with ground to state bamboo pole.
3. novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that angle in the step (2)
Column uses the concrete column of 330 centimetres of 12 cm x, 12 cm x.
4. novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that side in the step (2)
Column uses the concrete column of 285 centimetres of 10 cm x, 10 cm x.
5. novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hung in the step (2)
Column uses 8 centimetres of diameter or so, long 4 meters of cement pillar.
6. novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 3rd year and the 4th after field planting
Year will reinforce fertilizer and water management, and reduction is beared fruit.
7. novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by the major branch bamboo pole
It is supported on wire side, maintains the major branch with 40 ° of the elevation angle.
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| CN201811105235.1A CN109168884A (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | A kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method |
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| CN201811105235.1A CN109168884A (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | A kind of novel shed frame type high-quality pear cultural method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109892142A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-18 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | It is suitble to only set the method for drawing branches of the only hut face pergola system of pears of direct motion bracing wire |
| CN110249891A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-20 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | A kind of flat net rack height connects the cultivation management method of change disk gram Durham pears |
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| CN101926276A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-12-29 | 南京农业大学 | 3+1 tree form of pear tree and shaping method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109892142A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-18 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | It is suitble to only set the method for drawing branches of the only hut face pergola system of pears of direct motion bracing wire |
| CN110249891A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-20 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | A kind of flat net rack height connects the cultivation management method of change disk gram Durham pears |
| CN110249891B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2021-03-09 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation management method for replacing Pan-Ke-Hanm pears by flat-net rack high grafting |
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