CN109168399A - One kind overcoming notoginseng obstacle planting technology system - Google Patents
One kind overcoming notoginseng obstacle planting technology system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109168399A CN109168399A CN201811269880.7A CN201811269880A CN109168399A CN 109168399 A CN109168399 A CN 109168399A CN 201811269880 A CN201811269880 A CN 201811269880A CN 109168399 A CN109168399 A CN 109168399A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to overcome notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, includes the following steps: (1) installation drip irrigation appliance, the disinfection of (2) dazomet soil-fumigating, (3) chlorine dioxide soil disinfection, (4) addition composite microbiological fertilizer, (5) water-fertilizer integral management；The present invention reaches water-fertilizer integral using drip irrigation appliance, improves water and fertilizer utilization rate, the rational application of fertilizer；It uses dazomet as notoginseng soil fumigant, it is biological and safety low-poison effectively to kill fungi, bacterium and insect therein etc.；Chlorine dioxide can kill bacterial propagule, bacterial spore, fungi, mycobacteria and virus etc., and bacterium will not develop drug resistance to it；Composite microbiological fertilizer can be improved Radix Notoginseng yield, improve Radix Notoginseng quality, reduces fertilizer amount, reduces cost, improvement soil, preserves the ecological environment；The present invention can make the emergence rate of Radix Notoginseng seed item in continuous cropping soil reach 95% or more, deposit seedling rate and reach 90% or more, reduce disease disease incidence.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture plant protection field more particularly to a kind of notoginseng implantation methods.
Background technique
Three seventh is that China's tradition rare traditional Chinese medicine, has more than 700 years medicinal histories, is the most characteristic Chinese medicine in China
Big kind has significant curative effect in terms for the treatment of diseases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems.According to statistics, ratify through National Drug Administration
Chinese patent medicine preparation containing pseudo-ginseng just has more than 400 kinds, related drug production approval number more than 3300, pharmacy corporation 1300
More families.Yunnan Province is the main product of China's Radix Notoginseng raw material, and by the effort and accumulation of many years, Yunnan notoginseng has stepped into base
Change, scale, standardization, commercialization and systematism development track.
Yunnan notoginseng industry quickly develops, and becomes drive " cloud medicine " industry development core drive, however notoginseng planting mistake
There are serious Soil-sickness Problems in journey, and industry development risk is prominent, the serious sustainable development for restricting Radix Notoginseng industry.Radix Notoginseng
Continuous cropping obstacle to be unable to continuous cropping within 20 years to 30 years after notoginseng planting is primary.To cause:
1) Radix Notoginseng Genuine producing area Wenshan Prefecture faces no ground within the border and can plant, notoginseng planting to Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi and Yunnan its
Its ground state transfer, Yunnan even its Genuine producing area can be planted without ground；
2) production of peasant's experience is sunk into Radix Notoginseng production for a long time, and planting base cannot be built for a long time in a certain fixed area,
Belong to mobile construction, that is, plant one batch and change a place, Radix Notoginseng product quality is caused to be difficult to ensure, it is existing seriously to hinder its industry
Generationization process；
3) presence of notoginseng obstacle and germplasm lack, and disease is caused to wreak havoc, pesticide abuse, the residual severe overweight of agriculture, agriculture
Medicine residual is becoming industry killer.
Notoginseng problem on obstacle seriously hinders Radix Notoginseng industry development process, becomes and restricts the great of Radix Notoginseng industry development
Key technical problem.
Currently notoginseng problem on obstacle processing method is mainly handled the soil for planting Radix Notoginseng in many ways in the industry,
Including chemical pesticide soil disinfection method, high-temperature water vapor soil disinfection method, flame calcining soil sterilization, microbial bacterial agent addition
Method, chloropicrin soil-fumigating sterilization, however above method, in addition to chloropicrin can be realized large area scale, remaining method is equal
The single not architectonical of under test and method, Panax notoginseng Growth later period deposit low seedling rate, low output, the residual heavy metal of part Radix Notoginseng agriculture
It is not up to standard etc., it is complex for operation step at high cost with described in its method, based on current Radix Notoginseng income, it is difficult to the scale on Radix Notoginseng
Plantation.Though chloropicrin soil-fumigating sterilization can realize scale in notoginseng planting industry, its high toxicity has people and animals
High risks belong to high poison hazardous chemical.
Summary of the invention
For this purpose, the present invention, which provides one kind, overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, include the following steps:
1, drip irrigation appliance is installed.It carries out deep ploughing to selected areas plot to ted, smooth plot is cultivated after 5-8 days carefully harrows even, builds
Vertical Radix Notoginseng garden and mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.
2, dazomet soil-fumigating sterilizes.After the completion of " installation drip irrigation appliance " step, it is smoked to continuous cropping to carry out dazomet soil
Disinfection is steamed, nematode in soil, subterranean pest-insect, fungi, bacterium, weeds are killed.
3, chlorine dioxide soil disinfection.After the completion of " disinfection of dazomet soil-fumigating " step, titanium dioxide to continuous cropping is carried out
Chlorine soil disinfection, destroying microorganisms, including bacterial propagule, bacterial spore, fungi, mycobacteria and virus.
4, composite microbiological fertilizer is added.
5, water-fertilizer integral management.Annual Radix Notoginseng is transplanted, after Radix Notoginseng transplanting during water and fertilizer management, is all made
With water soluble fertilizer, watering while, uniformly drops to water soluble fertilizer inside soil layer by drip irrigation appliance.
Further technical solution is, according to topography, preferably according to patent " a kind of Radix Notoginseng frame of shade cover " (patent No.:
ZL201520751288.6 Radix Notoginseng garden) is established, according to Radix Notoginseng field gesture after building up, preferably according to patent " a kind of drip irrigation appliance "
(patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.
Further technical solution is that the specific processing of step (2) dazomet soil-fumigating disinfection is, when soil is wet in Radix Notoginseng garden
When degree is lower than 10%, by active constituent content it is that 98%-100% dazomet fine granule is uniformly applied in Radix Notoginseng garden, while with revolving
Cultivated machine turn over rake it is even, stir evenly dazomet with soil, dosage 25-30kg/667m2, after the completion, cover thickening transparent plastic
Film will be sealed around plastic foil.
Further technical solution is that it is effective component 35%- that step (3) chlorine dioxide soil disinfection, which is specifically handled,
40% divides A agent and B agent for disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide, prepares dioxy according to " water: A agent: B agent=100:1-1.5:1-1.5 " ratio
Change chlorine mother liquor, content 7-12.0g/L, when mother liquor can not carry out on metallicity container.In in reservoir that mother liquor is dilute
It releases to 145-150mg/L, is uniformly dropped to chlorine dioxide dilution inside soil layer by drip irrigation zone by drip irrigation appliance, dosage is
4-5m3/667m2, soil moisture is maintained at 60%-70%.
Further technical solution is that step (4), will be saturating after " chlorine dioxide soil disinfection " step is completed 18-23 days
Bright plastic foil is opened.After 12-16 days, soil is taken to do vegetable seeds germination experiment, emergence rate uniformly applies after reaching 90% or more
Composite microbiological fertilizer is as base manure, dosage 400-580kg/667m2, while turning over plot.Composite microbiological fertilizer is effective
Strain are as follows: solution determines afnyloliquefaciens.Composite microbiological fertilizer You imitates Jun Shuo≤5.0 hundred million/mL living, nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and oxidation
The sum of potassium content accounting is 12%-14%.
Further technical solution is, step (5) preferably using patent " a kind of drip irrigation appliance " (patent No.:
ZL201720869299.3 it) waters, the water soluble fertilizer of application is that the water soluble fertilizer of application is microbial organic fertilizer, answers
Hefei, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Wherein applying the sum of nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and potassium oxide content accounting in microbial organic fertilizer is 12%-
14%；N-p-k ratio is 15-18:13-15:27-30 in compound fertilizer；Nitrogen and phosphorus pentoxide ratio are 18-20 in Diammonium phosphate (DAP):
42-46.The specific dosage and time of watering and fertilising are as follows:
Budding period first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 3-7 times, and each water consumption is 4-7m3/667m2。
Seeding stage first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 4-8 times, and each water consumption is 4-6m3/667m2, and applied with drip irrigation appliance
2-4 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-12kg/667m2。
Growth period first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 2-6 times, and each water consumption is 3-5m3/667m2, and applied with drip irrigation appliance
2-5 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-18kg/667m2, apply 1-3 hypophosphorous acid diammonium, dosage 3-5kg/667m2, apply 2-4
Secondary compound fertilizer, dosage 3-5kg/667m2。
Dormant period first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 1-3 times, and each water consumption is 4-6m3/667m2, and applied with drip irrigation appliance
1-3 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 18-28kg/667m2, apply 1-2 compound fertilizer, dosage 3-5kg/667m2。
Second of budding period, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 3-7 times, water consumption 4-7m3/667m2, and applied 1-3 times with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-18kg/667m2。
Second of seeding stage, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 4-8 times, and each water consumption is 4-6m3/667m2, and applied with drip irrigation appliance
2-4 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-18kg/667m2。
Second of growth period, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 2-6 times, water consumption 3-5m3/667m2, and applied 2-5 times with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-18kg/667m2, apply 1-3 hypophosphorous acid diammonium, dosage 3-5kg/667m2, apply 2-4 times again
Hefei, dosage 3-5kg/667m2。
Second of dormant period that is, excavation phase, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 1-2 times, and each water consumption is 3-5m3/667m2, and with
Drip irrigation appliance applies 1-2 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 15-25kg/667m2。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The use of drip irrigation appliance can effectively solve Radix Notoginseng watering unevenly, and watering is unreasonable to cause soil hardening, water money
The problems such as source wastes；Water-fertilizer integral can also be reached by drip irrigation appliance uniform of application, improve water and fertilizer utilization rate, rationally apply
Fertilizer.
Dazomet, which has, kills the characteristics such as nematode in soil, subterranean pest-insect, fungi, bacterium, weeds, acts on wide spectrum, and in soil
Noresidue in earth.Belong to low toxicity, highly effective and safe class pesticide sterilizing, insecticide.Dazomet disinfection is mainly killed accordingly with fumigation action
Germ and subterranean pest-insect, playing disinfection is gaseous material, is moved from the bottom up, and soil depth 20cm is sterilized.
Chlorine dioxide have the characteristics that effective powerful, it is quick and durable, sterilizing wide spectrum, it is nontoxic it is non-stimulated, safety it is extensive, can
All microorganisms, including bacterial propagule, bacterial spore, fungi, mycobacteria and virus etc. are killed, and bacterium will not produce it
Raw drug resistance.Chlorine dioxide has stronger adsorption penetration ability to microorganism wall, effectively can include mercapto by oxidative cell
Base it is mould, can also quickly inhibit the synthesis of microprotein to destroy microorganism.Compared to the high poison of chloropicrin, chlorine dioxide
It is a environmentally friendly antiseptic sterilization agent.
Disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide disinfection be its in water can quick release go out nascent state elemental oxygen, rapidly kill bacterium,
Fungi, virus, gemma etc..Simultaneously can also with the substances fast reaction such as heavy metal, sulfide, phenols, Ammonia, to have decontamination concurrently
The effects of deodorization, sterilizing, degradation toxin, removal pesticide residue, and the substances such as teratogenesis, carcinogenic, mutagenesis are not generated.Chlorine dioxide
Soil disinfection is mainly carried out disinfection with thimerosal, and disinfection feature is can be inside uniformly penetrating to soil layer, and disinfection soil layer is deep
Degree is greater than 20cm.
Dazomet and chlorine dioxide concurrent disinfection: when disinfection by chlorine dioxide aqueous solution is uniformly dropped to via drip irrigation system drip irrigation zone
When inside soil layer, the dazomet inside soil layer starts to be converted to the substance with soil disinfection characteristic because soil moisture increases, point
Solution generates methyl-isorhodanate, formaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide, wherein the methyl-isorhodanate gas of disinfection is played, with stifling side
Formula moves from the bottom up, diffuses between soil particle rapidly, effectively kills various nematodes, pathogen in soil, sterilizes soil layer
Depth capacity 20cm.
When disinfection by chlorine dioxide aqueous solution is dropped to inside soil layer by soil layer surface, can quick release provided Strong oxdiative
The nascent state elemental oxygen of property, these elemental oxygens can kill rapidly bacterium, fungi, virus, gemma etc..It simultaneously can also be with a huge sum of money
The substances fast reaction such as category, sulfide, phenols, Ammonia, to have decontamination and deodorant, sterilizing, degradation toxin, removal pesticide residue concurrently
The effects of, and the substances such as teratogenesis, carcinogenic, mutagenesis are not generated.Chlorine dioxide has preferable adsorptivity and permeability to cell wall
Can, effectively it can include the enzyme of sulfydryl by oxidative cell；It can react with cysteine, tryptophan and free fatty acid, quickly control
The synthesis of bioprotein, increases permeability of the membrane；And viral capsid proteins can be changed, lead to bacterium, fungi, virus causing disease
Bacteria inactivation rate.Disinfection by chlorine dioxide aqueous solution can be inside uniformly penetrating to soil layer, and penetration depth can lead to according to actual needs
Dosage adjustment is overregulated, its penetration depth is made to be greater than 20cm.
Chlorine dioxide soil disinfection is sterilized step by step from soil layer surface to inside, is mainly characterized by aqueous antiseptic solution from top to bottom
Infiltration carries out disinfection；Dazomet soil disinfection is sterilized step by step inside soil layer to surface layer, is mainly characterized by fumigating gas from the bottom up
Movement carries out disinfection.I.e. dazomet and chlorine dioxide can simultaneously carry out disinfection to soil, while aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide sterilizes
Promote dazomet to decompose the methyl-isorhodanate gas for generating and there is fumigation action, is finally reached chlorine dioxide and dazomet while disappearing
Poison.
Dazomet disinfection depth capacity is limited to 20cm, and disinfection depth has limiting.It is big that aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide sterilizes depth
In 20cm, sterilization scope is wide.Dazomet and chlorine dioxide disinfection machine reason are different, and concurrent disinfection can make up for it its individually disinfection bring
Deficiency keeps disinfection more thorough, while sterilization scope is wider, depth is deeper, uniformity is stronger, Disinfection Effect becomes apparent.Soil
Obtain dual disinfection in loam layer surface to its internal 20cm (notoginseng planting soil depth 10cm) range, sterilize it is more thorough,
Effect becomes apparent, and is conducive to Radix Notoginseng healthy growth.
Its interior addition multiple-microorganism microbial inoculum of composite microbiological fertilizer, can improve soil, prevention soil-borne disease, Neng Gouwei
Hold Radix Notoginseng rhizosphere microflora balance and degradation poisonous and harmful substances etc..The microbial bacterial agent can be improved Radix Notoginseng yield, improve
Radix Notoginseng quality reduces fertilizer amount, reduces cost, improvement soil, preserves the ecological environment.
Dazomet and chlorine dioxide secondary sterilization are carried out to continuous cropping soil before not transplanting annual Radix Notoginseng, and applied compound
Microbial manure improves continuous cropping soil, exclude, prevent and treat soil degradation caused by stubble notoginseng planting etc. before influence it is unfavorable because
Element, improves soil property, increases soil fertility, and creates good soil environment condition for Radix Notoginseng, avoids the Radix Notoginseng disease after transplanting
The generation of insect pest reduces the use of pesticide in planting process, improves the quality of Radix Notoginseng.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to invention into
Row is further described.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to limit
The fixed present invention.
Embodiment 1
Take up one kind with battalion Radix Notoginseng proving ground in the Tian Shili notoginseng planting Co., Ltd of Yunnan and Radix Notoginseng is overcome to connect
Make obstacle planting technology system implementation, which is located at the town Honghe state, Yunnan Province Kaiyuan City Zhong Heying.Include the following steps:
1. installing drip irrigation appliance, 667m is chosen2It is continuous cropping trial zone, deep ploughing is carried out to selected areas plot and is tedded, 5 days
Afterwards smooth plot plough carefully harrow it is even, the patent " a kind of Radix Notoginseng frame of shade cover " applied according to topography according to our company (patent No.:
ZL201520751288.6 Radix Notoginseng garden) is established, patent " a kind of trickle irrigation applied according to Radix Notoginseng field gesture according to our company after building up
Device " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.Drip irrigation appliance can be tested after being installed normal
It uses.The every 667m in trial zone2Equipped with 175 skies, every sky about 3.22m2
2. after the completion of " installation drip irrigation appliance " step, and when soil moisture is 9% in Radix Notoginseng garden, by active constituent content
It uniformly applies for 98% dazomet fine granule in trial zone, while it is even with rotary cultivator to turn over rake, stirs dazomet and soil equal
It is even, dosage 25kg/667m2, after the completion, thickening overlay is covered, will be sealed around plastic foil.
3. chlorine dioxide soil disinfection.The disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide that effective component is 40% divides A agent and B agent.In " dazomet soil
After the completion of earth fumigation " step, chlorine dioxide mother liquor is prepared according to " water: A agent: B agent=100:1:1 " ratio, content is
8.0g/L, when mother liquor, can not carry out on metallicity container.In mother liquor is diluted to 150mg/L in reservoir, by drop
Filling device is uniformly dropped to chlorine dioxide dilution inside soil layer by drip irrigation zone, dosage 4m3/667m2, soil moisture holding
60%.
4. adding composite microbiological fertilizer.After sterilisation step is completed 20 days, overlay is opened.After 15 days, take
Soil does vegetable seeds germination experiment, and emergence rate 93% uniformly applies composite microbiological fertilizer as base manure, and dosage is
500kg/667m2, while turning over plot.Composite microbiological fertilizer: (1) product common name: composite microbiological fertilizer；Efficient bacterium
Title: solution determines afnyloliquefaciens.The composite microbiological fertilizer 5.0 hundred million/mL of living bacteria count, nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and potassium oxide contain
The sum of amount accounting is 12.0%.
5. water-fertilizer integral management.The annual Radix Notoginseng of same batch (being commonly called as seed item) is transplanted to trial zone, every empty transplanting number
It is 130 plants.After Radix Notoginseng transplanting during water and fertilizer management, all using water soluble fertilizer, by drip irrigation appliance general while watering
Water soluble fertilizer uniformly drops to inside soil layer.Using patent " a kind of drip irrigation appliance " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) into
Row watering, the water soluble fertilizer of application are that the water soluble fertilizer of application is microbial organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Micro- life
The sum of nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and potassium oxide content accounting are 12.0% in organic fertilizer, and n-p-k ratio is 15:15:30 in compound fertilizer,
Nitrogen and phosphorus pentoxide ratio are 18:46 in Diammonium phosphate (DAP).The specific dosage and time of watering and fertilising are as follows:
Three times, each water consumption is 6m for 1 month (budding period first time) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2；Transplanting
2 months afterwards (budding period first time) waters twice, and each water consumption is 6m3/667m2；
Three times, water consumption is respectively 6m for 3 months (seeding stage first time) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2、5m3/
667m2、5m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 10kg/667m are applied with drip irrigation appliance2.4 months after transplanting
(seeding stage first time) waters three times, and each water consumption is 5m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbe fertilizer is applied with drip irrigation appliance
Material, dosage 10kg/667m2。
Twice, each water consumption is 5m for 5 months (growth period first time) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2, and
Applying 2 composite microbiological fertilizer dosages with drip irrigation appliance is 10kg/667m2, 1 hypophosphorous acid diammonium dosage be 5kg/667m2With 1
Secondary composite fertilizer's consumption is 5kg/667m2；(growth period first time) applies solid union fertilizer, dosage 5kg/667m 7 months after transplanting2；
(growth period first time) watering is primary 9 months after transplanting, water consumption 4.5m3/667m2, and with drip irrigation appliance apply 1 time it is compound micro-
Bio-feritlizer and 1 hypophosphorous acid diammonium, dosage are respectively 15kg/667m2And 5kg/667m2；(the first secondary growth 10 months after transplanting
Phase) water primary, water consumption 4.5m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 compound fertilizer are applied with drip irrigation appliance, it uses
Amount is 15kg/667m2And 5kg/667m2。
11 months (dormant period first time) watering is primary after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting, water consumption 5m3/667m2, and with drop
Filling device applies 1 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 20kg/667m2；(dormant period first time) watering 1 12 months after transplanting
It is secondary, water consumption 5m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 compound fertilizer are applied with drip irrigation appliance, dosage is respectively
25kg/667m2And 5kg/667m2。
Three times, each water consumption is 5m for 13 months (second of budding period) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng is planted3/667m2, and with
Drip irrigation appliance applies once-combined microbial manure 15kg/667m2；(second of budding period) waters twice, often 14 months after transplanting
Secondary water consumption is 6m3/667m2, and once-combined microbial manure 15kg/667m is applied with drip irrigation appliance2。
Three times, water consumption is respectively 6m for 15 months (second of seeding stage) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2、
5m3/667m2、5m3/667m2, and once-combined microbial manure 10kg/667m is applied with drip irrigation appliance2；16 months after transplanting (the
The secondary seeding stage) it waters three times, each water consumption is 5m3/667m2, and once-combined microbial manure is applied with drip irrigation appliance
15kg/667m2；
Twice, each water consumption is 5m for 17 months (second of growth period) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2, and
Applying composite microbiological fertilizer dosage twice with drip irrigation appliance is 15kg/667m2, 1 hypophosphorous acid diammonium dosage be 5kg/667m2With 1
Secondary composite fertilizer's consumption is 5kg/667m2；(second of growth period) applies solid union fertilizer, dosage 5kg/ 19 months after transplanting
667m2；(second of growth period) watering is primary 21 months after transplanting, water consumption 4m3/667m2, and applied once with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 hypophosphorous acid diammonium dosage are respectively 15kg/667m2And 5kg/667m2；(second 22 months after transplanting
Growth period) water primary, water consumption 4m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 compound fertilizer are applied with drip irrigation appliance,
Dosage is 15kg/667m2And 5kg/667m2。
23 months (second of dormant period) watering is primary after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting, water consumption 4m3/667m2, and with trickle irrigation
Device applies 1 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 20kg/667m2。
According to above-mentioned implantation methods, 4 months to the 22 months collection correlation test data after transplanting, including emergence rate, deposit
Seedling rate, biomass, different diseases disease incidence.See Table 1 for details for related data, table 2.
Embodiment 2
Take up one kind in Yunnan Yanshan County of Tian Shili notoginseng planting Co., Ltd Radix Notoginseng proving ground and overcomes notoginseng
Obstacle planting technology system implementation, the base are located at mountain of papers city of Yunnan Province Yanshan County.Include the following steps:
1. installing drip irrigation appliance, 32000m is chosen2It is continuous cropping trial zone, deep ploughing is carried out to selected areas plot and is tedded, 8
After it smooth plot plough carefully harrow it is even, the patent " a kind of Radix Notoginseng frame of shade cover " applied according to topography according to our company (patent No.:
ZL201520751288.6 Radix Notoginseng garden) is established, patent " a kind of trickle irrigation applied according to Radix Notoginseng field gesture according to our company after building up
Device " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.Drip irrigation appliance can be tested after being installed normal
It uses.The every 667m in trial zone2Equipped with 175 skies, every sky about 3.22m2
2. after the completion of " installation drip irrigation appliance " step, and when soil moisture is 8% in Radix Notoginseng garden, by active constituent content
It uniformly applies for 100% dazomet fine granule in trial zone, while it is even with rotary cultivator to turn over rake, stirs dazomet and soil equal
It is even, dosage 30kg/667m2, after the completion, thickening overlay is covered, will be sealed around plastic foil.
3. chlorine dioxide soil disinfection.The disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide that effective component is 35% divides A agent and B agent.In " dazomet soil
After the completion of earth fumigation " step, chlorine dioxide mother liquor, content are prepared according to " water: A agent: B agent=100:1.5:1.5 " ratio
For 10.5g/L, when mother liquor, can not carry out on metallicity container.In mother liquor is diluted to 140mg/L in reservoir, by
Drip irrigation appliance is uniformly dropped to chlorine dioxide dilution inside soil layer by drip irrigation zone, dosage 5m3/667m2, soil moisture guarantor
It holds 70%.
4. adding composite microbiological fertilizer.After sterilisation step is completed 18 days, overlay is opened.After 16 days, take
Soil does vegetable seeds germination experiment, and emergence rate 92% uniformly applies composite microbiological fertilizer as base manure, and dosage is
550kg/667m2, while turning over plot.Composite microbiological fertilizer: the entitled solution of efficient bacterium determines afnyloliquefaciens.This is compound micro-
Bio-feritlizer 5.05 hundred million/mL of living bacteria count, the sum of nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and potassium oxide content accounting are 14.0%.
5. water-fertilizer integral management.The annual Radix Notoginseng of same batch (being commonly called as seed item) is transplanted to trial zone, every empty transplanting number
It is 130 plants.After Radix Notoginseng transplanting during water and fertilizer management, all using water soluble fertilizer, by drip irrigation appliance general while watering
Water soluble fertilizer uniformly drops to inside soil layer.Using patent " a kind of drip irrigation appliance " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) into
Row watering, the water soluble fertilizer of application are application microbial organic fertilizer, wherein the sum of nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and potassium oxide content accounting
It is 18:13:27 for n-p-k ratio in 14.0%, compound fertilizer, nitrogen and phosphorus pentoxide ratio are 20:42 in Diammonium phosphate (DAP).Watering and
The specific dosage of fertilising and time are as follows:
1 month (budding period first time) waters four times after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting, and each water consumption is 5m3/667m2；Transplanting
2 months afterwards (budding period first time) waters twice, and each water consumption is 5m3/667m2；
Twice, water consumption is 6m for 3 months (seeding stage first time) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2, and with
Drip irrigation appliance applies 1 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 12kg/667m2.(seeding stage first time) watering 34 months after transplanting
Secondary, each water consumption is 6m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8kg/667m are applied with drip irrigation appliance2。
Twice, each water consumption is 5m for 5 months (growth period first time) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2, and
Applying 1 composite microbiological fertilizer dosage with drip irrigation appliance is 18kg/667m2, 1 hypophosphorous acid diammonium dosage be 3kg/667m2With 1
Secondary composite fertilizer's consumption is 4kg/667m2；(growth period first time) applies solid union fertilizer, dosage 5kg/667m 7 months after transplanting2；
Twice, water consumption is 3m for (growth period first time) watering 9 months after transplanting3/667m2, and with drip irrigation appliance apply 2 times it is compound micro-
Bio-feritlizer and 1 hypophosphorous acid diammonium, dosage are respectively 8kg/667m2And 5kg/667m2；(the first secondary growth 10 months after transplanting
Phase) water primary, water consumption 4m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 compound fertilizer, dosage are applied with drip irrigation appliance
For 12kg/667m2And 3kg/667m2。
11 months (dormant period first time) watering is primary after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting, water consumption 4m3/667m2, and with drop
Filling device applies 1 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 18kg/667m2；(dormant period first time) watering two 12 months after transplanting
It is secondary, water consumption 6m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 compound fertilizer are applied with drip irrigation appliance, dosage is respectively
28kg/667m2And 3kg/667m2。
13 months (second of budding period) waters four times after annual Radix Notoginseng is planted, and each water consumption is 4m3/667m2, and with
Drip irrigation appliance applies once-combined microbial manure 8kg/667m2；(second of budding period) waters twice, every time 14 months after transplanting
Water consumption is 5m3/667m2, and once-combined microbial manure 18kg/667m is applied with drip irrigation appliance2。
Three times, water consumption is 5m for 15 months (second of seeding stage) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2, and with
Drip irrigation appliance applies once-combined microbial manure 18kg/667m2；(second of seeding stage) waters four times 16 months after transplanting, often
Secondary water consumption is 4m3/667m2, and once-combined microbial manure 10kg/667m is applied with drip irrigation appliance2；
Three times, each water consumption is 3m for 17 months (second of growth period) watering after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting3/667m2, and
Applying composite microbiological fertilizer dosage twice with drip irrigation appliance is 18kg/667m2, 2 hypophosphorous acid diammonium dosages be 3kg/667m2With 1
Secondary composite fertilizer's consumption is 4kg/667m2；(second of growth period) applies solid union fertilizer, dosage 3kg/ 19 months after transplanting
667m2；(second of growth period) waters twice 21 months after transplanting, water consumption 3m3/667m2, and applied twice with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 hypophosphorous acid diammonium dosage are respectively 8kg/667m2And 4kg/667m2；(second 22 months after transplanting
Growth period) water primary, water consumption 4m3/667m2, and 1 composite microbiological fertilizer and 1 compound fertilizer are applied with drip irrigation appliance,
Dosage is 16kg/667m2And 4kg/667m2。
23 months (second of dormant period) waters twice after annual Radix Notoginseng transplanting, water consumption 3m3/667m2, and with trickle irrigation
Device applies 2 composite microbiological fertilizers, dosage 15kg/667m2。
According to above-mentioned implantation methods, 4 months to the 22 months collection correlation test data after transplanting, including emergence rate, deposit
Seedling rate, biomass, different diseases disease incidence.See Table 1 for details for related data, table 2.
Comparative example 1
Take up one kind with battalion Radix Notoginseng proving ground in the Tian Shili notoginseng planting Co., Ltd of Yunnan and Radix Notoginseng is overcome to connect
Make obstacle planting technology system implementation, which is located at the town Honghe state, Yunnan Province Kaiyuan City Zhong Heying.Include the following steps:
1. installing drip irrigation appliance, 667m is chosen2It is continuous cropping trial zone, deep ploughing is carried out to selected areas plot and is tedded, 7 days
Afterwards smooth plot plough carefully harrow it is even, the patent " a kind of Radix Notoginseng frame of shade cover " applied according to topography according to our company (patent No.:
ZL201520751288.6 Radix Notoginseng garden) is established, patent " a kind of trickle irrigation applied according to Radix Notoginseng field gesture according to our company after building up
Device " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.Drip irrigation appliance can be tested after being installed normal
It uses.The every 667m in trial zone2Equipped with 175 skies, every sky about 3.22m2
2. active constituent content is by chloropicrin soil-fumigating with pesticide applicator after the completion of " installation drip irrigation appliance " step
99.5% chloropicrin raw medicine is applied into soil layer, and depth 15cm is administered, and covering thickeies overlay immediately, around plastic foil
It is sealed, dosage 30kg/667m2。
Step 3,4 are respectively with 1 step 4 of experimental example, 5 identical, and details are not described herein.
According to above-mentioned implantation methods, 4 months to the 22 months collection correlation test data after transplanting, including emergence rate, deposit
Seedling rate, biomass, different diseases disease incidence.See Table 1 for details for related data, table 2.
Comparative example 2
Take up one kind in Yunnan Yanshan County of Tian Shili notoginseng planting Co., Ltd Radix Notoginseng proving ground and overcomes notoginseng
Obstacle planting technology system implementation, the base are located at Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province Yanshan County.Include the following steps:
1. installing drip irrigation appliance, 667m is chosen2It is continuous cropping trial zone, deep ploughing is carried out to selected areas plot and is tedded, 6 days
Afterwards smooth plot plough carefully harrow it is even, the patent " a kind of Radix Notoginseng frame of shade cover " applied according to topography according to our company (patent No.:
ZL201520751288.6 Radix Notoginseng garden) is established, patent " a kind of trickle irrigation applied according to Radix Notoginseng field gesture according to our company after building up
Device " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.Drip irrigation appliance can be tested after being installed normal
It uses.The every 667m in trial zone2Equipped with 175 skies, every sky about 3.22m2
2. active constituent content is by chloropicrin soil-fumigating with pesticide applicator after the completion of " installation drip irrigation appliance " step
99.5% chloropicrin raw medicine is applied into soil layer, and depth 15cm is administered, and covering thickeies overlay immediately, around plastic foil
It is sealed, dosage 30kg/667m2。
Step 3,4 are respectively with 2 step 4 of experimental example, 5 identical, and details are not described herein.
According to above-mentioned implantation methods, 4 months to the 22 months collection correlation test data after transplanting, including emergence rate, deposit
Seedling rate, biomass, different diseases disease incidence.See Table 1 for details for related data, table 2.
Comparative example 3
Take up one kind with battalion Radix Notoginseng proving ground in the Tian Shili notoginseng planting Co., Ltd of Yunnan and Radix Notoginseng is overcome to connect
Make obstacle planting technology system implementation, which is located at the town Honghe state, Yunnan Province Kaiyuan City Zhong Heying.Include the following steps:
1. installing drip irrigation appliance, 667m is chosen2It is continuous cropping trial zone, deep ploughing is carried out to selected areas plot and is tedded, 8 days
Afterwards smooth plot plough carefully harrow it is even, the patent " a kind of Radix Notoginseng frame of shade cover " applied according to topography according to our company (patent No.:
ZL201520751288.6 Radix Notoginseng garden) is established, patent " a kind of trickle irrigation applied according to Radix Notoginseng field gesture according to our company after building up
Device " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.Drip irrigation appliance can be tested after being installed normal
It uses.The every 667m in trial zone2Equipped with 175 skies, every sky about 3.22m2
2. after the completion of " installation drip irrigation appliance " step, and when soil moisture is lower than 10% in Radix Notoginseng garden, by effective component
The dazomet fine granule that content is 98% is uniformly applied in trial zone, while it is even with rotary cultivator to turn over rake, stirs dazomet with soil
It mixes uniformly, dosage 30kg/667m2, after the completion, thickening overlay is covered, will be sealed around plastic foil.
Step 3,4 are respectively with 1 step 4 of experimental example, 5 identical, and details are not described herein.
According to above-mentioned implantation methods, 4 months to the 22 months collection correlation test data after transplanting, including emergence rate, deposit
Seedling rate, biomass, different diseases disease incidence.See Table 1 for details for related data, table 2.
Comparative example 4
Take up one kind with battalion Radix Notoginseng proving ground in the Tian Shili notoginseng planting Co., Ltd of Yunnan and Radix Notoginseng is overcome to connect
Make obstacle planting technology system implementation, which is located at the town Honghe state, Yunnan Province Kaiyuan City Zhong Heying.Include the following steps:
1. installing drip irrigation appliance, 667m is chosen2It is continuous cropping trial zone, deep ploughing is carried out to selected areas plot and is tedded, 5 days
Afterwards smooth plot plough carefully harrow it is even, the patent " a kind of Radix Notoginseng frame of shade cover " applied according to topography according to our company (patent No.:
ZL201520751288.6 Radix Notoginseng garden) is established, patent " a kind of trickle irrigation applied according to Radix Notoginseng field gesture according to our company after building up
Device " (patent No.: ZL201720869299.3) mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance.Drip irrigation appliance can be tested after being installed normal
It uses.The every 667m in trial zone2Equipped with 175 skies, every sky about 3.22m2
2. chlorine dioxide soil disinfection.The disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide that effective component is 40% divides A agent and B agent.In " dazomet soil
After the completion of earth fumigation " step, chlorine dioxide mother liquor is prepared according to " water: A agent: B agent=100:1:1 " ratio, content is
8.0g/L, when mother liquor, can not carry out on metallicity container.In mother liquor is diluted to 150mg/L in reservoir, by drop
Filling device is uniformly dropped to chlorine dioxide dilution inside soil layer by drip irrigation zone, dosage 5m3/667m2, soil moisture holding
65%.
Step 3,4 are respectively with 1 step 4 of experimental example, 5 identical, and details are not described herein.
According to above-mentioned implantation methods, 4 months to the 22 months collection correlation test data after transplanting, including emergence rate, deposit
Seedling rate, biomass, different diseases disease incidence.See Table 1 for details for related data, table 2.
1 different disposal of table be averaged emergence rate, deposit seedling rate and biomass
Table 2 respectively handles different diseases average attack rate
As shown in Table 1, by the Radix Notoginseng on different disposal plot, experimental example 1 and 2 different times emergence rate, deposit
Comparative example 1,2,3,4 is above in 4 seedling rate, plant fresh weight and dry weight indexs.It can illustrate that one kind provided by the invention overcomes
Notoginseng obstacle planting technology system is conducive to the emergence and growth of Radix Notoginseng.
As shown in Table 2, by the Radix Notoginseng on different disposal plot, the root rot in different times of experimental example 1 and 2, fiber crops
Leaf disease, epidemic disease, virosis, black spot, gray mold and downy mildew average attack rate be below in comparative example 1,2,3,4.It can be with
Illustrate various during one kind provided by the invention overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system to advantageously reduce Panax notoginseng Growth
The disease incidence of disease.
Claims (7)
1. one kind overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, feature the following steps are included:
(1) drip irrigation appliance is installed: deep ploughing being carried out to selected areas plot and is tedded, smooth plot is cultivated after 5-8 days carefully harrows even, establishes three
Seven gardens and mounting arrangement drip irrigation appliance；(2) dazomet soil-fumigating sterilizes；(3) chlorine dioxide soil disinfection；(4) it adds compound micro-
Bio-feritlizer；(5) water-fertilizer integral management.
2. one kind according to claim 1 overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, it is characterised in that: the step
(2) the specific processing of dazomet soil-fumigating disinfection is, when soil moisture is lower than 10% in Radix Notoginseng garden, to be by active constituent content
The dazomet fine granule of 98%-100% is uniformly applied in Radix Notoginseng garden, while it is even with rotary cultivator to turn over rake, stirs dazomet with soil
It mixes uniformly, dosage 25-30kg/667m2, after the completion, thickening overlay is covered, will be sealed around plastic foil.
3. one kind according to claim 1 overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, it is characterised in that: the step
(3) chlorine dioxide soil disinfection, which is specifically handled, is, effective component is that the disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide of 35%-40% divides A agent and B agent,
Chlorine dioxide mother liquor, content 7-12g/L, mother liquor are prepared according to " water: A agent: B agent=100:1-1.5:1-1.5 " ratio
Shi Buke is carried out on metallicity container；In mother liquor is diluted to 145-150mg/L in reservoir, pass through drop by drip irrigation appliance
It fills band uniformly to drop to chlorine dioxide dilution inside soil layer, dosage 4-5m3/667m2, soil moisture is maintained at 60%-
70%.
4. one kind according to claim 1 overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, it is characterised in that: the step
(4) after " chlorine dioxide soil disinfection " step is completed 18-23 days, overlay is opened；After 12-16 days, soil is taken to do
Vegetable seeds germination experiment, emergence rate uniformly apply composite microbiological fertilizer as base manure after reaching 90% or more, dosage is
400-580kg/667m2, while turning over plot.
5. one kind according to claim 1 overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, it is characterised in that: the step
(5) it is preferably watered using patent drip irrigation appliance, the water soluble fertilizer of application is microbial organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, phosphoric acid
Diammonium；The specific dosage and time of watering and fertilising are as follows:
Budding period first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 3-7 times, and each water consumption is 4-7m3/667m2；
Seeding stage first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 4-8 times, and each water consumption is 4-6m3/667m2, and applied 2-4 times with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-12kg/667m2；
Growth period first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 2-6 times, and each water consumption is 3-5m3/667m2, and applied 2-5 times with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-18kg/667m2, apply 1-3 hypophosphorous acid diammonium, dosage 3-5kg/667m2, apply 2-4 times again
Hefei, dosage 3-5kg/667m2；
Dormant period first time, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 1-3 times, and each water consumption is 4-6m3/667m2, and applied 1-3 times with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 18-28kg/667m2, apply 1-2 compound fertilizer, dosage 3-5kg/667m2；
Second of budding period, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 3-7 times, water consumption 4-7m3/667m2, and with drip irrigation appliance apply 1-3 times it is compound
Microbial manure, dosage 8-18kg/667m2；
Second of seeding stage, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 4-8 times, and each water consumption is 4-6m3/667m2, and applied 2-4 times with drip irrigation appliance
Composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 8-18kg/667m2；
Second of growth period, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 2-6 times, water consumption 3-5m3/667m2, and with drip irrigation appliance apply 2-5 times it is compound
Microbial manure, dosage 8-18kg/667m2, apply 1-3 hypophosphorous acid diammonium, dosage 3-5kg/667m2, 2-4 compound fertilizer is applied,
Dosage is 3-5kg/667m2；
Second of dormant period that is, excavation phase, plantation Radix Notoginseng are watered 1-2 times, and each water consumption is 3-5m3/667m2, and with trickle irrigation
Device applies 1-2 composite microbiological fertilizer, dosage 15-25kg/667m2。
6. one kind according to claim 5 overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, it is characterised in that: described compound
The efficient bacterium of microbial manure are as follows: solution determines afnyloliquefaciens；Composite microbiological fertilizer You imitates Jun Shuo≤5.0 hundred million/mL living,
The sum of nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and potassium oxide content accounting is 12%-14%.
7. one kind according to claim 5 overcomes notoginseng obstacle planting technology system, it is characterised in that: micro- life
The sum of nitrogen, titanium dioxide phosphorus and potassium oxide content accounting are 12%-14% in organic fertilizer；N-p-k ratio is in the compound fertilizer
15-18:13-15:27-30；Nitrogen and phosphorus pentoxide ratio are 18-20:42-46 in the Diammonium phosphate (DAP).
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| US5989597A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1999-11-23 | Rajamannan; Ambrose H. J. | Process for sterilizing soil |
| CN103392490A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-20 | 文山市苗乡三七实业有限公司 | Method for preventing pseudo-ginsheng root rot |
| CN104429211A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 济南兆龙科技发展有限公司 | Soil fumigation and activation method |
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