Summary of the invention
For this reason, the present invention proposes a kind of method of preventing and treating of novel pseudo-ginseng root-rot of at least a portion that can address the above problem.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method of preventing and treating of notoginseng root rot, comprised following operation:
Agricultural operation S1100: according to specific method implement that the location, garden is selected, turned over, landscape architecture, water and fertilizer management, ceiling manages;
Chemical operation S1200: according to specific method to cauline leaf sterilization, to soil disinfection.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, the method that location, described garden is selected is: select the red soil loam as the location, garden.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention,, wherein, the previous crop of location, described garden is corn or tobacco.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, described method of turning over is: when turning over, with low toxic pesticide, remove soil insect.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, the method for described landscape architecture is: select to tailo landscape architecture.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, the method for described ceiling management is: in rainy season, ceiling is carried out light modulation and process, guarantee that the light transmittance in the pseudo-ginseng garden reaches 20~21%.
Alternatively,, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, to the method for soil disinfection, be: spray the aqueous solution that contains chlorine dioxide to soil.
Alternatively,, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, further comprise biological bookkeeping S1300: introduce antagonistic microbe after soil disinfection, to change the phase structure of soil.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, described antagonistic microbe comprises the mould and Pseudomonas fluorescence of wood.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, the method for described water and fertilizer management is: pseudo-ginseng is applied fertilizer, and keeping soil moisture is 25%~30%.
The method of preventing and treating of notoginseng root rot provided by the invention has realized the green control to notoginseng root rot.
Embodiment
The invention provides many applicable creative concepts, this creativeness concept can be reflected in a large number of in concrete context.The specific embodiment of describing in following embodiments of the present invention is only as the exemplary illustration of the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not form limitation of the scope of the invention.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment.
The method of preventing and treating of notoginseng root rot as shown in Figure 1 comprises following operation:
Agricultural operation S1100: according to specific method implement that the location, garden is selected, turned over, landscape architecture, water and fertilizer management, ceiling manages; Described agricultural operation further comprises sowing and field planting, rural area cleaning, in order to integrated control is carried out in the pseudo-ginseng garden, thereby reaches the purpose that notoginseng root rot is prevented and treated.
Chemical operation S1200: according to specific method to cauline leaf sterilization, to soil disinfection.
Biological bookkeeping S1300: introduce antagonistic microbe after soil disinfection, to change the phase structure of soil.
Wherein, agricultural operation S1100 and chemical operation S1200 are notoginseng root rot integrated control requisite measure, and biological bookkeeping S1300 is for can make the more optimal measure of control efficiency of the present invention.
Operation S1100, S1200 and S1300 shown in Reference numeral, and the every concrete operations in S1100 and S1200, can order according to actual needs implement.
Below the method for preventing and treating of notoginseng root rot is explained in detail:
Adopting chemical pesticide to fill with the root mode for the control of pseudo-ginseng root-rot at present prevents and treats, easily produce poisoning but concentration is improper, a large amount of chemical pesticides uses and then causes that agriculture is residual to exceed standard for a long time, having a strong impact on the quality of pseudo-ginseng, the not strong control efficiency of the former complicated specific aim of pseudo-ginseng notoginseng root rot is very little in addition.The present invention sets out from the guiding theory of " environment protective plant protecting, integrated control ",, by practical observation and practice for many years, combines the harm of considering and implementing effectively to reduce and to control root-rot from following factor, reduces the loss.Concrete prophylactico-therapeutic measures comprises:
1. agricultural measures: selection of land, turn over, landscape architecture, fertilising, sowing and field planting, water and fertilizer management, ceiling management, rural area cleaning etc., each step all will be rigid in checking up, and definitely general idea can not be arranged slightly.
2. chemical measure: the pathogen one that causes root rot is to derive from soil, the 2nd, derive from the residual body of diseased plant.Select by strict location, garden, can reduce the threat of fungus in soil, but the disease species of acrial part is a lot; not that single measure is soluble; when doing a good job of it the cultural control measure, also must carry out the conventional chemical protection to cauline leaf, soil is carried out drug disinfection.
3. biological control: after soil is carried out drug disinfection, introduce immediately antagonistic microbe, change the phase structure of edaphon.
Below concrete operations of the present invention are further explained in detail:
Agricultural operation S1100: according to specific method implement that the location, garden is selected, turned over, landscape architecture, water and fertilizer management, ceiling manages.
The method that location, described garden is selected is: select the red soil loam as the location, garden.
Red soil is the zonality red soil that China's middle subtropical zone humid region distributes, and belongs to the ferralsol of moderate desiliconization allitization.The deep red soil layer of the common tool of red soil, plinthitic horizon are grown obviously, and clay mineral is take kaolinite as main, acidity, and degree of base saturation is low.The red soil organic matter is usually below 20gkg-1, and humus H/F is 0.3~0.4, and the humic acid molecular structure is simple, and is dispersed strong, is difficult for flocculation, therefore red soil constitution water stability is poor, because being rich in iron aluminium hydroxide colloid, provisional microaggregate is better.Red soil is an acid strong acid reaction, table soil and cubsoil PH5.0~5.5, subsoil PH4.0; Red soil exchangeability aluminium can reach 2~6cmol (+) kg-1, accounts for more than 80%~95% of latent property acid; Degree of base saturation is in 40% left and right.Select the garden location of red soil loam as pseudo-ginseng, be conducive to suppress the generation of root rot.
The previous crop of location, described garden is corn or tobacco.Planted in the soil of corn or tobacco and be rich in the material of eliminating the root rot substance, the control of root rot was had positive effect.
Described method of turning over is: when turning over, with low toxic pesticide, remove soil insect.Described low toxic pesticide is that toxicity is lower, can be to the insecticide of artificial harm.Application low toxic pesticide desinsection, not only can kill the root rot substance that hides in soil, and to the people without any harm, can realize that green prevents and treats the effect of root rot.
The method of described landscape architecture is: select to tailo landscape architecture.Better to tailo light, highly beneficial to the removal of the growth of pseudo-ginseng and root rot substance.
The method of described ceiling management is: in rainy season, ceiling is carried out light modulation and process, guarantee that the light transmittance in the pseudo-ginseng garden reaches 20~21%.The ceiling of pseudo-ginseng comprises three layers of sunshade net, during rainy season set illumination less, will open near the sunshade net of ground one deck, be conducive to light incident,, to have guaranteed the growth of pseudo-ginseng, prevent the generation of root rot.Evidence, the control efficiency to notoginseng root rot when light transmittance reaches 20~21% is best.
The method of described water and fertilizer management is: pseudo-ginseng is applied fertilizer, and keeping soil moisture is 25%~30%.
The raw material of fertilizer comprises fresh straw, pig manure, fermentative microorganism, oil cake and fire soil.Wherein, described fiery mount is drawn together the ashes of weeds and soil burning generation.Described oil cake comprises the rear remaining dregs of fat of rape oil expression.Described fermentative microorganism comprises the microorganism that described fresh straw is become thoroughly decomposed.Adding of described fermentative microorganism can make described fresh straw fast rotting, thereby provides fertilizer for described pseudo-ginseng.The applying method of described fertilizer is: the applied amount of base fertilizer is every mu of ground 400~450kg, topdresses applying 12 times in two years, and each applied amount is every mu of ground 30~45kg.
Chemical operation S1200: according to specific method to cauline leaf sterilization, to soil disinfection.
Sterilization method to the cauline leaf sterilization is: cauline leaf is used conventional chemoproection, to reach the effect of protective fungicide.
Method to soil disinfection is: spray the aqueous solution that contains chlorine dioxide to soil.Chlorine dioxide is met water and is generated hypochlorous acid, and very strong oxidisability and discoloration are arranged, and its salt can be used as bleaching agent and disinfectant, can be applied to the sterilization of soil.Simultaneously, hypochlorous acid is unstable, easily decompose, emit oxygen, when chlorine water was subjected to solar radiation, hypochlorous decomposition was accelerated, therefore, use the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide not only can reach to soil disinfection the effect that prevents root rot, and can residual any chemical substance, thereby play the effect of green control.
Biological bookkeeping S1300: introduce antagonistic microbe after soil disinfection, to change the phase structure of soil.
Resistant microorganism refers to that a kind of microorganism can produce some special metabolite or change environmental condition, thereby the environment that causes certain micro-organisms to be not suitable for growing, suppress him and plant microbial growth and grow and even to poison or to kill another kind of microorganism, and produce suppress or the colony of noxious material unaffected.
Preferably, described antagonistic microbe comprises the mould and Pseudomonas fluorescence of wood.Trichoderma, in the imperfect fungus door, has stronger decomposition of cellulose ability, and Trichoderma viride can produce the cellulase of high activity usually, and is very strong to cellulosic capacity of decomposition.Trichoderma can produce the antibiotics of volatility or the growth of non-volatile inhibition pathogen, as three Ke Sheng, three Ke, obtains tender tea leaves, sticking broom toxin, coal Buddhist nun toxin and victory peptide element etc.
Pseudomonas fluorescens (P.fluorescens) belongs to pseudomonas rRNA I group fluorescent DNA homology group, is the most general microbe groups of plant rhizosphere, has the characteristics wide, that quantity is many, nutritional need is simple, breeding is fast, competition colonization power is strong that distribute.All someone reports the pseudomonas fluorescens that is separated to anti-plant disease to world many countries, and many bacterial strains can produce several active substances, anti-plurality of plant diseases.Its mechanism of action comprises: antibiotic effect, bite the iron element to the nutrient competition of iron, effective rhizosphere colonization etc.In addition, described pseudomonas fluorescens also has following features: strong adaptability, can be in soil Fast-propagation, long-term surviving, effectively prevent and treat the multiple diseases that ralstonia solanacearum, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, sickle-like bacteria and Bacteria erwinia etc. cause; Can produce auxin substance, promote the crop root growth; Secretion antibiotics material, suppress the pathogenic bacteria growth, reduces disease and occur; Pure biofermentation, do not add any chemical substance, safety nuisance free.
Evidence, introduce the mould and Pseudomonas fluorescence of wood after soil disinfection, can not only change the phase structure of soil, suppresses the root-rot pathogenic growth, but also safety nuisance free, thereby really realize the green effect of preventing and treating of notoginseng root rot.
It should be noted, the present invention will be described rather than limit the invention for above-described embodiment, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiment in the situation that do not break away from the scope of claims.In the claims, any reference symbol between bracket should be configured to limitations on claims.Word " comprises " not to be got rid of existence and is not listed in element or step in claim.Being positioned at word " " before element or " one " does not get rid of and has a plurality of such elements.The use of word first, second and C grade does not represent any order.Can be title with these word explanations.