CN109156183B - Raw material preparation machine for preparing biomass organic fertilizer from straws - Google Patents
Raw material preparation machine for preparing biomass organic fertilizer from straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN109156183B CN109156183B CN201811077433.1A CN201811077433A CN109156183B CN 109156183 B CN109156183 B CN 109156183B CN 201811077433 A CN201811077433 A CN 201811077433A CN 109156183 B CN109156183 B CN 109156183B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/005—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like for disintegrating and cutting up bales of hay, straw or fodder
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
the invention relates to the technical field of preparation of biomass organic fertilizers, in particular to a raw material preparation machine for preparing biomass organic fertilizers from straws; the device comprises a base, a feeding box, a cutting device, a swinging device, a driving mechanism, an inclined plate and a collecting barrel, wherein the base comprises a bottom plate, a main bracket, a collecting barrel bracket, a feeding box bracket, an auxiliary bracket, a motor bracket and a main shaft bracket; the main bracket is fixedly connected to the middle end of the bottom plate; the collecting barrel bracket is fixedly connected to the middle end of the main bracket; the feeding box bracket is fixedly connected to the top end of the main bracket; the auxiliary bracket is fixedly connected to the side end of the bottom plate; the invention adopts the processing mode that various straws are cut into sections by the cutting device and then crushed by the crushing device, so that the invention can effectively process various crop straws with different lengths, thicknesses and hardness, and can automatically cut, crush, screen and discharge the crop straws only by loading the straws into the feeding box when in use, thereby reducing the workload of farmers for processing the straws.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of biomass organic fertilizers, in particular to a raw material preparation machine for preparing biomass organic fertilizers from straws.
Background
The biomass organic fertilizer is a fertilizer with the effects of microbial fertilizer and organic fertilizer, which is compounded by using microorganisms with specific functions and organic materials mainly prepared from animal and plant residues (such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws and the like) through harmless treatment and decomposition. Crop straw is a generic term for the stem and leaf (ear) portion of a mature crop, usually referring to the remainder of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane and other crops (usually coarse grain) after harvesting the seed. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, and are a multipurpose renewable biological resource. In autumn and winter, straws, dry branches and fallen leaves can become the headache problem of farmers, after seeds are harvested, the straws are usually incinerated, but the incineration of the straws can increase the content of carbon dioxide in the air, increase inhalable particles in the air and reduce the visibility of the air, and the straws can become waste if not treated by a system; therefore, a device capable of preparing the straws into the biomass organic fertilizer raw materials is designed, the prepared straws can be used as fertilizer after fermentation and sterilization treatment, and the straw returning is realized in response to the call.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a raw material preparation machine for preparing a biomass organic fertilizer from straws, which can automatically cut and crush crop straws in sections.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a raw material preparation machine for preparing biomass organic fertilizer from straws comprises a base, a feeding box, a cutting device, a swinging device, a driving mechanism, an inclined plate and a collecting barrel, wherein the base comprises a bottom plate, a main bracket, a collecting barrel bracket, a feeding box bracket, an auxiliary bracket, a motor bracket and a main shaft bracket; the main bracket is fixedly connected to the middle part of the bottom plate; the collecting barrel bracket is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main bracket; the feeding box bracket is fixedly connected to the top end of the main bracket; the auxiliary bracket is fixedly connected to the side end of the bottom plate; the motor bracket is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary bracket; the main shaft bracket is fixedly connected with the side end of the motor bracket;
The feeding box comprises a trapezoidal feeding groove, a rectangular groove and a sliding block sliding groove; the openings of the trapezoid feeding grooves are gradually reduced from top to bottom; the rectangular groove is connected and communicated with the bottom end of the trapezoid feeding groove; the left end and the right end of the rectangular groove are respectively fixedly connected with a sliding block sliding groove; the trapezoidal feed chute is fixedly connected to the feed box bracket;
The left end of the inclined plate is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the inclined plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the main support; the right end of the inclined plate is positioned below the rectangular groove;
the collecting barrel is fixedly connected to the collecting barrel bracket; the collecting cylinder is positioned below the left end of the inclined plate;
The cutting device comprises a baffle, a side shaft bracket, a side sliding block, a driven chain wheel shaft, a driven chain wheel, a chain, a cutting blade, a driving chain wheel shaft, a motor I and a motor bracket; two ends of the baffle are respectively fixedly connected with a side shaft bracket; the inner ends of the two side shaft brackets are fixedly connected with side sliding blocks; the driven chain wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a driven chain wheel shaft, and the driven chain wheel shaft is connected in a side shaft frame on one side in a rotating fit manner; the driving chain wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a driving chain wheel shaft, and the driving chain wheel shaft is connected in the side shaft frame on the other side in a rotating fit mode through a bearing with a seat; the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel are driven by a chain; a plurality of cutting blades are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the chain; the top end of the driving chain wheel shaft is connected to an output shaft of the motor I through a coupler; the motor I is fixedly connected to a side shaft bracket positioned on one side of the driving chain wheel shaft through a motor bracket; the two side sliding blocks are respectively connected in the two sliding block sliding chutes in a sliding fit manner;
the swing device comprises a turntable, a turntable shaft, a driven belt wheel I, an eccentric shaft chute, a connecting rod, a swing rod, a sliding column, a deflector rod, a hinge shaft, a hinged shaft bracket and a turntable shaft bracket; the turntable is fixedly connected to the top end of the turntable shaft; the driven belt wheel I is fixedly connected to the middle part of the turntable shaft; the turntable shaft is connected to the top end of the turntable shaft frame in a rotating fit manner; the eccentric shaft is eccentrically and fixedly connected to the top end of the rotary table; the eccentric shaft is connected in the eccentric shaft sliding chute in a sliding fit manner; the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively and fixedly connected with an eccentric shaft sliding chute and an oscillating rod; the sliding column is connected to the swinging rod in a sliding fit manner; the sliding column is hinged at the bottom end of the deflector rod; the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged on the hinge shaft; the articulated shaft is fixedly connected to the articulated shaft bracket; the hinged shaft frame is fixedly connected to the rectangular groove; the side end of the deflector rod is fixedly connected to a side shaft bracket positioned on one side of the driven chain wheel shaft; the turntable shaft bracket is fixedly connected to the collecting cylinder;
the driving mechanism comprises a main shaft, a driven gear, a driving gear, a motor II and a driving belt wheel I; the driven gear is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main shaft; the driving gear is in meshed transmission with the driven gear; the driving gear is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor II; the driving belt wheel I is fixedly connected to the top end of the main shaft; the motor II is fixedly connected to the motor bracket; the main shaft is connected to the main shaft bracket in a rotating fit manner; the driving belt wheel I is in transmission connection with the driven belt wheel I through a belt.
The inclined plate comprises an inclined plate body and a baffle plate; two ends of the inclined plate body are respectively fixedly connected with a baffle plate; the inclined plate body is fixedly connected to the top end of the main bracket; the right end of the inclined plate body is positioned at the lower end of the rectangular groove; the collecting cylinder is positioned at the lower end of the left end of the inclined plate body.
the base further comprises a blade shaft support; the blade shaft bracket is fixedly connected to the main bracket; the blade shaft support is positioned between the bottom plate and the collecting barrel support.
The driving mechanism further comprises a driving belt wheel II; and the driving belt wheel II is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft.
The bottom end of the inner wall of the collecting cylinder is provided with a layer of filter screen; the mesh size of the filter screen is 1cm-3 cm; the middle part of the filter screen is provided with a through hole.
The raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws further comprises a chopping device; the chopping device comprises a blade shaft, a chopping blade and a driven belt wheel II; a plurality of chopping blades are uniformly and fixedly connected to the blade shaft in a surrounding manner; the driven belt wheel II is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the blade shaft; the blade shaft penetrates through a through hole in the middle of the filter screen; the plurality of chopping blades are all positioned above the filter screen; a plurality of shredding blades are positioned in the collection cylinder; the blade shaft is connected in the blade shaft bracket in a rotating fit manner; the driven belt wheel II is in transmission connection with the driving belt wheel II through a belt.
The raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws further comprises a storage barrel; the containing cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom plate; the containing cylinder is positioned below the collecting cylinder.
And the radiuses of the outer rings of the driven belt wheel I, the driving belt wheel II, the driving belt wheel I and the driven belt wheel II are gradually reduced in sequence.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the processing mode that various straws are cut into sections by the cutting device and then crushed by the crushing device, so that the invention can effectively process various crop straws with different lengths, thicknesses and hardnesses, and avoids the phenomenon of uneven crushing or jamming caused by inconsistent lengths, thicknesses and hardnesses of crops when the traditional crusher directly crushes the crop straws; when in use, the straws can be automatically cut, crushed, screened and discharged only by loading the straws into the feeding box, so that the workload of farmers for processing the straws is reduced; the straw is crushed to 1cm-3cm, so that the fermentation effect of the straw in the subsequent organic fertilizer preparation process can be better, the organic fertilizer with better effect can make the land more fertile, and the income of farmers is more increased; the biomass organic fertilizer is prepared by recycling the waste straws, so that farmers can save the cost of purchasing chemical fertilizers; the crop straws can be recycled, so that the straws can be prevented from being burnt, and the environment can be prevented from being damaged in the burning process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first general structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second overall structural schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the base structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the feed box structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a first schematic view of the cutting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural view of the cutting device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the swing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the drive mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the shredder of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the inclined plate configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shredder and collection cartridge combination of the present invention.
In the figure: a base 1; a bottom plate 1-1; a main support 1-2; 1-3 of a collecting barrel bracket; 1-4 of a feeding box bracket; 1-5 parts of a secondary bracket; 1-6 of a motor bracket; 1-7 of a main shaft bracket; blade shaft supports 1-8; a feeding box 2; 2-1 of a trapezoidal feed chute; 2-2 of rectangular groove; 2-3 sliding block chutes; a cutting device 3; a baffle 3-1; 3-2 of a side shaft bracket; 3-3 of a side sliding block; a driven sprocket shaft 3-4; 3-5 parts of a driven chain wheel; 3-6 parts of a chain; 3-7 of cutting sheets; 3-8 parts of a driving chain wheel; drive sprocket shaft 3-9; 3-10 parts of a motor I; 3-11 parts of a motor frame; a swing device 4; a turntable 4-1; a turntable shaft 4-2; 4-3 of a driven belt wheel; 4-4 of an eccentric shaft; 4-5 of eccentric shaft sliding groove; 4-6 of a connecting rod; 4-7 of a swing rod; 4-8 of a sliding column; 4-9 parts of a deflector rod; 4-10 of a hinged shaft; 4-11 of a hinge shaft bracket; 4-12 parts of a turntable shaft bracket; a drive mechanism 5; 5-1 of a main shaft; a driven gear 5-2; 5-3 of a driving gear; 5-4 of a motor; 5-5 parts of a driving belt wheel; driving belt wheels II 5-6; a shredding device 6; a blade shaft 6-1; 6-2 parts of chopping blades; a driven belt wheel II 6-3; an inclined plate 7; the plate body 7-1 is inclined; a baffle 7-2; a collection cylinder 8; and a storage cylinder 9.
Detailed Description
the invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-11.
The first embodiment is as follows:
As shown in fig. 1-11, a raw material preparation machine for preparing biomass organic fertilizer from straws comprises a base 1, a feeding box 2, a cutting device 3, a swinging device 4, a driving mechanism 5, an inclined plate 7 and a collecting barrel 8, wherein the base 1 comprises a bottom plate 1-1, a main bracket 1-2, a collecting barrel bracket 1-3, a feeding box bracket 1-4, an auxiliary bracket 1-5, a motor bracket 1-6 and a main shaft bracket 1-7; the main support 1-2 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the bottom plate 1-1; the collecting barrel bracket 1-3 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the main bracket 1-2; the feeding box bracket 1-4 is fixedly connected to the top end of the main bracket 1-2; the auxiliary bracket 1-5 is fixedly connected with the side end of the bottom plate 1-1; the motor support 1-6 is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary support 1-5; the main shaft support 1-7 is fixedly connected with the side end of the motor support 1-6;
The feeding box 2 comprises a trapezoidal feeding groove 2-1, a rectangular groove 2-2 and a sliding block sliding groove 2-3; the openings of the trapezoid feeding grooves 2-1 are gradually reduced from top to bottom; the rectangular groove 2-2 is connected and communicated with the bottom end of the trapezoid feeding groove 2-1; the left end and the right end of the rectangular groove 2-2 are respectively fixedly connected with a sliding block sliding groove 2-3; the trapezoidal feed chute 2-1 is fixedly connected to the feed box bracket 1-4; when the feeding box 2 is used, crop straws are loaded from the trapezoidal feeding groove 2-1, and the straws are tightly collected from top to bottom through the trapezoidal feeding groove 2-1 and fall from the rectangular groove 2-2.
the left end of the inclined plate 7 is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the inclined plate 7 is fixedly connected to the top end of the main support 1-2; the right end of the inclined plate 7 is positioned below the rectangular groove 2-2; when the inclined plate 7 is used, the straws falling through the rectangular groove 2-2 can fall onto the inclined plate 7; the shorter straw will slide down directly, the longer straw will slide in the rectangular groove 2-2, and the bottom end will be against the inclined plate 7.
the collecting barrel 8 is fixedly connected to the collecting barrel bracket 1-3; the collecting cylinder 8 is positioned below the left end of the inclined plate 7; the straw sections falling from the inclined plate 7 fall into the collecting cylinder 8 under the action of gravity.
the cutting device 3 comprises a baffle 3-1, a side shaft frame 3-2, a side sliding block 3-3, a driven chain wheel shaft 3-4, a driven chain wheel 3-5, a chain 3-6, a cutting blade 3-7, a driving chain wheel 3-8, a driving chain wheel shaft 3-9, a motor I3-10 and a motor frame 3-11; two ends of the baffle 3-1 are respectively fixedly connected with a side shaft bracket 3-2; the inner ends of the two side shaft brackets 3-2 are fixedly connected with side sliding blocks 3-3; the driven chain wheel 3-5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driven chain wheel shaft 3-4, and the driven chain wheel shaft 3-4 rotates along the axis of the side shaft frame 3-2 on one side through a bearing with a seat and is axially fixed; the driving chain wheel 3-8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a driving chain wheel shaft 3-9, and the driving chain wheel shaft 3-9 is connected in the side shaft frame 3-2 on the other side in a rotating fit mode through a bearing with a seat; the driving chain wheels 3-8 and the driven chain wheels 3-5 are driven by chains 3-6; a plurality of cutting blades 3-7 are uniformly arranged and fixedly connected on the chains 3-6; the top ends of the driving chain wheel shafts 3-9 are connected to output shafts of the motors I3-10 through couplings; the motor I3-10 is fixedly connected to the side shaft frame 3-2 positioned on one side of the driving chain wheel shaft 3-9 through a motor frame 3-11; the two side sliding blocks 3-3 are respectively connected in the two sliding block chutes 2-3 in a sliding fit manner; when the cutting device 3 is used, the motors I3-10 are connected with the switch and the power supply through the conducting wires; turning on a motor I3-10, enabling the motor I3-10 to drive a driving chain wheel shaft 3-9 to rotate, enabling the driving chain wheel shaft 3-9 to drive a driving chain wheel 3-8 to rotate, and enabling the driving chain wheel 3-8 and a driven chain wheel 3-5 to be matched to drive a chain 3-6 to rotate; the chain 3-6 can drive the cutting blade 3-7 to move to cut off longer straws; the two side sliding blocks 3-3 can slide in the two sliding block sliding grooves 2-3 by pulling the side shaft bracket 3-2, so that the cutting device 3 can slide relatively on the feeding box 2; the cutting device 3 can cut the straws when sliding on the feeding box 2, and cut longer straws into sections, so that the straws can be conveniently crushed and cut; the cut straw pieces will fall through the inclined plate 7 into the collecting cylinder 8.
The swing device 4 comprises a turntable 4-1, a turntable shaft 4-2, a driven belt wheel I4-3, an eccentric shaft 4-4, an eccentric shaft chute 4-5, a connecting rod 4-6, a swing rod 4-7, a sliding column 4-8, a deflector rod 4-9, a hinge shaft 4-10, a hinge shaft frame 4-11 and a turntable shaft frame 4-12; the rotary table 4-1 is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotary table shaft 4-2; the driven belt wheel I4-3 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the turntable shaft 4-2; the turntable shaft 4-2 rotates along the axis of the turntable shaft frame 4-12 through a bearing with a seat and is axially fixed; the eccentric shaft 4-4 is eccentrically and fixedly connected to the top end of the rotary table 4-1; the eccentric shaft 4-4 is connected in the eccentric shaft sliding chute 4-5 in a sliding fit manner; two ends of the connecting rod 4-6 are respectively and fixedly connected with an eccentric shaft sliding chute 4-5 and a swinging rod 4-7; the sliding column 4-8 is connected on the swinging rod 4-7 in a sliding fit manner; the sliding column 4-8 is hinged at the bottom end of the deflector rod 4-9; the middle part of the connecting rod 4-6 is hinged on the articulated shaft 4-10; the articulated shaft 4-10 is fixedly connected to the articulated shaft bracket 4-11; the hinged shaft bracket 4-11 is fixedly connected to the rectangular groove 2-2; the side end of the deflector rod 4-9 is fixedly connected to the side shaft frame 3-2 positioned at one side of the driven chain wheel shaft 3-4; the turntable shaft frames 4-12 are fixedly connected to the collecting cylinder 8; when the swinging device 4 is used, the driven belt wheel I4-3 drives the turntable shaft 4-2 to rotate, the turntable shaft 4-2 drives the turntable 4-1 to rotate, the turntable 4-1 drives the eccentric shaft 4-4 to do circular motion around the center of the turntable 4-1, the eccentric shaft 4-4 can slide in the eccentric shaft chute 4-5 and drive the connecting rod 4-6 to swing on the articulated shaft 4-10 when doing circular motion, the connecting rod 4-6 can drive the swinging rod 4-7 to swing when swinging, and the swinging rod 4-7 can drive the sliding column 4-8 to swing; the sliding column 4-8 and the swinging rod 4-7 slide relatively, the sliding column 4-8 and the deflector rod 4-9 rotate relatively, the deflector rod 4-9 can make linear reciprocating motion, and the deflector rod 4-9 can drive the side shaft bracket 3-2 to move when making linear reciprocating motion, so as to automatically cut off the straws.
The driving mechanism 5 comprises a main shaft 5-1, a driven gear 5-2, a driving gear 5-3, a motor II 5-4 and a driving belt wheel I5-5; the driven gear 5-2 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main shaft 5-1; the driving gear 5-3 is in meshed transmission with the driven gear 5-2; the driving gear 5-3 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor II 5-4; the driving belt wheel I5-5 is fixedly connected to the top end of the main shaft 5-1; the motor II 5-4 is fixedly connected to the motor bracket 1-6; the main shaft 5-1 rotates along the axis of the main shaft bracket 1-7 through a bearing with a seat and is axially fixed; the driving belt wheel I5-5 is in transmission connection with the driven belt wheel I4-3 through a belt. When the drive mechanism 5 is used; the motor II 5-4 is connected with a power supply and a switch through a lead, the motor II 5-4 is turned on, the motor II 5-4 drives the driving gear 5-3 to rotate, the driving gear 5-3 drives the driven gear 5-2 to rotate when rotating, the driven gear 5-2 drives the main shaft 5-1 to rotate when rotating, the main shaft 5-1 drives the driving belt wheel I5-5 to rotate when rotating, and the driving belt wheel I5-5 drives the driven belt wheel I4-3 to rotate through belt transmission.
the inclined plate 7 comprises an inclined plate body 7-1 and a baffle 7-2; two ends of the inclined plate body 7-1 are respectively fixedly connected with a baffle 7-2; the inclined plate body 7-1 is fixedly connected to the top end of the main bracket 1-2. The baffles 7-2 at the two sides of the inclined plate body 7-1 can ensure that the straw sections cannot fall off from the two ends of the inclined plate body 7-1 when sliding downwards.
The base 1 further comprises blade shaft supports 1-8; the blade shaft support 1-8 is fixedly connected to the main support 1-2; the blade shaft support 1-8 is positioned between the bottom plate 1-1 and the collecting barrel support 1-3.
The driving mechanism 5 also comprises driving belt wheels II 5-6; the driving belt wheel II 5-6 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft 5-1; when the main shaft 5-1 rotates, the driving belt wheel II 5-6 is driven to rotate.
a layer of filter screen is arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 8; the mesh size of the filter screen is 1cm-3 cm; the middle part of the filter screen is provided with a through hole. The filter screen can be used for screening the crushed straw sections, and when the crushed straw sections are crushed to 1cm-3cm, the fermentation effect is better when the organic fertilizer is manufactured at the later stage.
the raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws further comprises a chopping device 6; the chopping device 6 comprises a blade shaft 6-1, a chopping blade 6-2 and a driven belt wheel II 6-3; a plurality of chopping blades 6-2 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the blade shaft 6-1 in a surrounding manner; the driven belt wheel II 6-3 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the blade shaft 6-1; the blade shaft 6-1 penetrates through the sieve pores in the middle of the filter screen; the chopping blades 6-2 are all positioned above the filter screen; the chopping blades 6-2 are all positioned in the collecting cylinder 8; the blade shaft 6-1 rotates along the axis in the blade shaft bracket 1-8 through a bearing with a seat and is axially fixed; the driven belt wheel II 6-3 is in transmission connection with the driving belt wheel II 5-6 through a belt. When the chopping device 6 is used, the driving belt wheel II 5-6 drives the driven belt wheel II 6-3 to rotate, the driven belt wheel II 6-3 drives the blade shaft 6-1 to rotate, the blade shaft 6-1 drives the plurality of chopping blades 6-2 to rotate, when the plurality of chopping blades 6-2 rotate, the straw sections in the collecting cylinder 8 are chopped, the chopped straw sections are stirred, and the straw sections meeting the size requirement fall from the sieve holes of the filter screen.
the raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws further comprises a storage barrel 9; the containing cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1-1; the receiving cylinder 9 is located below the collecting cylinder 8. The straw fragments falling from the sieve holes of the filter screen fall into the storage barrel 9 to be collected.
The radiuses of the outer rings of the driven belt wheel I4-3, the driving belt wheel II 5-6, the driving belt wheel I5-5 and the driven belt wheel II 6-3 are gradually reduced in sequence. When the driving belt wheel I5-5 drives the driven belt wheel I4-3, the belt is small, so that the rotating speed of the rotary table 4-1 is not too high, when the driving belt wheel II 5-6 drives the driven belt wheel II 6-3, the belt is large, under the condition that the rotating speed of the main shaft 5-1 is limited, the rotating speed of the chopping blade 6-2 is increased, and the processing efficiency is increased. The fixed connection in the invention refers to fixing through welding, thread fixing and other modes, and different fixing modes are used in combination with different use environments. The two structures to be hinged are hinged together through a hinge shaft, and two ends of the hinge shaft are respectively connected with the two hinged structures in a rotating fit manner.
the working principle of the invention is as follows:
When the feeding box 2 is used, crop straws are loaded from the trapezoidal feeding groove 2-1, and the straws are tightly collected from top to bottom through the trapezoidal feeding groove 2-1 and fall from the rectangular groove 2-2. When the inclined plate 7 is used, the straws falling through the rectangular groove 2-2 can fall onto the inclined plate 7; the shorter straw will slide down directly, the longer straw will slide in the rectangular groove 2-2, and the bottom end will be against the inclined plate 7. The straw sections falling from the inclined plate 7 fall into the collecting cylinder 8 under the action of gravity. When the cutting device 3 is used, the motors I3-10 are connected with the switch and the power supply through the conducting wires; turning on a motor I3-10, enabling the motor I3-10 to drive a driving chain wheel shaft 3-9 to rotate, enabling the driving chain wheel shaft 3-9 to drive a driving chain wheel 3-8 to rotate, and enabling the driving chain wheel 3-8 and a driven chain wheel 3-5 to be matched to drive a chain 3-6 to rotate; the chain 3-6 can drive the cutting blade 3-7 to move to cut off longer straws; the two side sliding blocks 3-3 can slide in the two sliding block sliding grooves 2-3 by pulling the side shaft bracket 3-2, so that the cutting device 3 can slide relatively on the feeding box 2; the cutting device 3 can cut the straws when sliding on the feeding box 2, and cut longer straws into sections, so that the straws can be conveniently crushed and cut; the cut straw pieces will fall through the inclined plate 7 into the collecting cylinder 8. When the swinging device 4 is used, the driven belt wheel I4-3 drives the turntable shaft 4-2 to rotate, the turntable shaft 4-2 drives the turntable 4-1 to rotate, the turntable 4-1 drives the eccentric shaft 4-4 to do circular motion around the center of the turntable 4-1, the eccentric shaft 4-4 can slide in the eccentric shaft chute 4-5 and drive the connecting rod 4-6 to swing on the articulated shaft 4-10 when doing circular motion, the connecting rod 4-6 can drive the swinging rod 4-7 to swing when swinging, and the swinging rod 4-7 can drive the sliding column 4-8 to swing; the sliding column 4-8 and the swinging rod 4-7 slide relatively, the sliding column 4-8 and the deflector rod 4-9 rotate relatively, the deflector rod 4-9 can make linear reciprocating motion, and the deflector rod 4-9 can drive the side shaft bracket 3-2 to move when making linear reciprocating motion, so as to automatically cut off the straws. When the drive mechanism 5 is used; the motor II 5-4 is connected with a power supply and a switch through a lead, the motor II 5-4 is turned on, the motor II 5-4 drives the driving gear 5-3 to rotate, the driving gear 5-3 drives the driven gear 5-2 to rotate when rotating, the driven gear 5-2 drives the main shaft 5-1 to rotate when rotating, the main shaft 5-1 drives the driving belt wheel I5-5 to rotate when rotating, and the driving belt wheel I5-5 drives the driven belt wheel I4-3 to rotate through belt transmission. The baffles 7-2 at the two sides of the inclined plate body 7-1 can ensure that the straw sections cannot fall off from the two ends of the inclined plate body 7-1 when sliding downwards. When the main shaft 5-1 rotates, the driving belt wheel II 5-6 is driven to rotate. The filter screen can be used for screening the crushed straw sections, and when the crushed straw sections are crushed to 1cm-3cm, the fermentation effect is better when the organic fertilizer is manufactured at the later stage. When the chopping device 6 is used, the driving belt wheel II 5-6 drives the driven belt wheel II 6-3 to rotate, the driven belt wheel II 6-3 drives the blade shaft 6-1 to rotate, the blade shaft 6-1 drives the plurality of chopping blades 6-2 to rotate, when the plurality of chopping blades 6-2 rotate, the straw sections in the collecting cylinder 8 are chopped, the chopped straw sections are stirred, and the straw sections meeting the size requirement fall from the sieve holes of the filter screen. The straw fragments falling from the sieve holes of the filter screen fall into the storage barrel 9 to be collected. When the driving belt wheel I5-5 drives the driven belt wheel I4-3, the belt is small, so that the rotating speed of the rotary table 4-1 is not too high, when the driving belt wheel II 5-6 drives the driven belt wheel II 6-3, the belt is large, under the condition that the rotating speed of the main shaft 5-1 is limited, the rotating speed of the chopping blade 6-2 is increased, and the processing efficiency is increased.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention is not limited to the above examples, and that various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions which may be made by one skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention are included therein.
Claims (5)
1. the utility model provides a raw materials preparation machine of straw system bionass fertilizer, includes base (1), feeding case (2), cutting device (3), pendulous device (4), actuating mechanism (5), hang plate (7) and collecting vessel (8), its characterized in that: the base (1) comprises a bottom plate (1-1), a main support (1-2), a collecting barrel support (1-3), a feeding box support (1-4), an auxiliary support (1-5), a motor support (1-6) and a main shaft support (1-7); the main support (1-2) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the bottom plate (1-1); the collecting barrel bracket (1-3) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the main bracket (1-2); the feeding box bracket (1-4) is fixedly connected to the top end of the main bracket (1-2); the auxiliary bracket (1-5) is fixedly connected with the side end of the bottom plate (1-1); the motor support (1-6) is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary support (1-5); the main shaft bracket (1-7) is fixedly connected with the side end of the motor bracket (1-6);
The feeding box (2) comprises a trapezoidal feeding groove (2-1), a rectangular groove (2-2) and a sliding block sliding groove (2-3); the opening of the trapezoid feeding groove (2-1) is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the rectangular groove (2-2) is connected and communicated with the bottom end of the trapezoid feeding groove (2-1); the left end and the right end of the rectangular groove (2-2) are respectively fixedly connected with a sliding block sliding groove (2-3); the trapezoidal feed chute (2-1) is fixedly connected to the feed box bracket (1-4);
The left end of the inclined plate (7) is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the inclined plate (7) is fixedly connected to the top end of the main support (1-2); the right end of the inclined plate (7) is positioned below the rectangular groove (2-2);
the collecting barrel (8) is fixedly connected to the collecting barrel bracket (1-3); the collecting cylinder (8) is positioned below the left end of the inclined plate (7);
the cutting device (3) comprises a baffle (3-1), a side shaft bracket (3-2), a side sliding block (3-3), a driven chain wheel shaft (3-4), a driven chain wheel (3-5), a chain (3-6), a cutting blade (3-7), a driving chain wheel (3-8), a driving chain wheel shaft (3-9), a motor I (3-10) and a motor bracket (3-11); two ends of the baffle (3-1) are respectively fixedly connected with a side shaft bracket (3-2); the inner ends of the two side shaft brackets (3-2) are fixedly connected with side sliding blocks (3-3); the driven chain wheel (3-5) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driven chain wheel shaft (3-4), and the driven chain wheel shaft (3-4) is connected in a side shaft bracket (3-2) on one side in a rotating fit manner; the driving chain wheel (3-8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driving chain wheel shaft (3-9), and the driving chain wheel shaft (3-9) is connected in a side shaft frame (3-2) on the other side in a rotating fit manner through a bearing with a seat; the driving chain wheels (3-8) and the driven chain wheels (3-5) are driven by chains (3-6); a plurality of cutting blades (3-7) are uniformly arranged and fixedly connected on the chain (3-6); the top ends of the driving chain wheel shafts (3-9) are connected to the output shafts of the motors I (3-10) through couplings; the motor I (3-10) is fixedly connected to a side shaft bracket (3-2) positioned on one side of the driving chain wheel shaft (3-9) through a motor bracket (3-11); the two side sliding blocks (3-3) are respectively connected in the two sliding block sliding chutes (2-3) in a sliding fit manner;
the swing device (4) comprises a turntable (4-1), a turntable shaft (4-2), a driven belt wheel I (4-3), an eccentric shaft (4-4), an eccentric shaft sliding groove (4-5), a connecting rod (4-6), a swing rod (4-7), a sliding column (4-8), a deflector rod (4-9), a hinge shaft (4-10), a hinge shaft bracket (4-11) and a turntable shaft bracket (4-12); the rotary table (4-1) is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotary table shaft (4-2); the driven belt wheel I (4-3) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the turntable shaft (4-2); the turntable shaft (4-2) is connected to the top end of the turntable shaft frame (4-12) in a rotating fit manner; the eccentric shaft (4-4) is eccentrically and fixedly connected to the top end of the turntable (4-1); the eccentric shaft (4-4) is connected in the eccentric shaft sliding groove (4-5) in a sliding fit manner; two ends of the connecting rod (4-6) are respectively and fixedly connected with an eccentric shaft sliding chute (4-5) and a swinging rod (4-7); the sliding column (4-8) is connected to the swinging rod (4-7) in a sliding fit manner; the sliding column (4-8) is hinged at the bottom end of the deflector rod (4-9); the middle part of the connecting rod (4-6) is hinged on the articulated shaft (4-10); the articulated shaft (4-10) is fixedly connected to the articulated shaft bracket (4-11); the hinged shaft bracket (4-11) is fixedly connected to the rectangular groove (2-2); the side end of the deflector rod (4-9) is fixedly connected to a side shaft bracket (3-2) positioned at one side of the driven chain wheel shaft (3-4); the turntable shaft frame (4-12) is fixedly connected to the collecting cylinder (8);
The driving mechanism (5) comprises a main shaft (5-1), a driven gear (5-2), a driving gear (5-3), a motor II (5-4) and a driving belt wheel I (5-5); the driven gear (5-2) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main shaft (5-1); the driving gear (5-3) is in meshed transmission with the driven gear (5-2); the driving gear (5-3) is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor II (5-4); the driving belt wheel I (5-5) is fixedly connected to the top end of the main shaft (5-1); the motor II (5-4) is fixedly connected to the motor bracket (1-6); the main shaft (5-1) is connected to the main shaft bracket (1-7) in a rotating fit manner; the driving belt wheel I (5-5) is in transmission connection with the driven belt wheel I (4-3) through a belt;
the driving mechanism (5) further comprises a driving belt wheel II (5-6); the driving belt wheel II (5-6) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft (5-1);
The raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws also comprises a chopping device (6); the chopping device (6) comprises a blade shaft (6-1), a chopping blade (6-2) and a driven pulley II (6-3); a plurality of chopping blades (6-2) are uniformly and fixedly connected to the blade shaft (6-1) in a surrounding manner; the driven belt wheel II (6-3) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the blade shaft (6-1); the blade shaft (6-1) passes through a through hole in the middle of the filter screen; the plurality of chopping blades (6-2) are all positioned above the filter screen; the plurality of chopping blades (6-2) are all positioned in the collecting cylinder (8); the blade shaft (6-1) is connected in a blade shaft bracket (1-8) in a rotating fit manner; the driven belt wheel II (6-3) is in transmission connection with the driving belt wheel II (5-6) through a belt;
The radiuses of the outer rings of the driven belt wheel I (4-3), the driving belt wheel II (5-6), the driving belt wheel I (5-5) and the driven belt wheel II (6-3) are gradually reduced in sequence.
2. The raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the inclined plate (7) comprises an inclined plate body (7-1) and a baffle plate (7-2); two ends of the inclined plate body (7-1) are respectively fixedly connected with a baffle plate (7-2); the inclined plate body (7-1) is fixedly connected to the top end of the main bracket (1-2); the right end of the inclined plate body (7-1) is positioned at the lower end of the rectangular groove (2-2); the collecting cylinder (8) is positioned at the lower end of the left end of the inclined plate body (7-1).
3. the raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the base (1) also comprises a blade shaft support (1-8); the blade shaft support (1-8) is fixedly connected to the main support (1-2); the blade shaft support (1-8) is positioned between the bottom plate (1-1) and the collecting barrel support (1-3).
4. The raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: a layer of filter screen is arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the collecting cylinder (8); the mesh size of the filter screen is 1cm-3 cm; the middle part of the filter screen is provided with a through hole.
5. the raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the raw material preparation machine for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer from the straws further comprises a storage barrel (9); the storage barrel (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1-1); the containing cylinder (9) is positioned below the collecting cylinder (8).
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| CN109794333B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-12-24 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Biomass fuel intelligent manufacturing robot |
| CN111848239A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-10-30 | 汪芸 | Laborsaving efficient is used for rural solid waste to handle straw system fertile device |
| CN113439557B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-11-24 | 牡丹江绿洲秸秆秧盘设备制造有限公司 | Straw cutter for modern agriculture |
| CN117299290B (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-06-14 | 甘肃甘人农业开发有限公司 | Intelligent smashing and storing device for crop fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU912270A1 (en) * | 1980-07-23 | 1982-03-15 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Комплексных Проблем Машиностроения Для Животноводства И Кормопроизводства | Hammer crusher |
| US6578784B1 (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2003-06-17 | Highline Mfg. Inc. | Twine cutting assembly for bale processor |
| JP2009247287A (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2009-10-29 | Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd | Combine |
| CN102823394B (en) * | 2012-07-28 | 2015-12-16 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of straw pulverizer test bench |
| CN106269109A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 孙桂芝 | Materials crusher |
| CN207057258U (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-03-02 | 天津尧智农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of field straw crushes packing apparatus |
| CN107371653A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-24 | 盐城真凤机械有限公司 | A kind of wheat stalk cutting and crushing device |
| CN107711110B (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2020-11-06 | 江苏露姿玛俪食品有限公司 | Quick forage cutting device for livestock feeding |
| CN108093896B (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2021-01-01 | 齐英 | Fully-crushed straw crushing device |
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Effective date of registration: 20191115 Address after: 226600 group 10, Zhongyang village, Dagong Town, Hai'an City, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Nantong Erkang bio organic fertilizer Co., Ltd Address before: 225723 No. 8, No. 8, No. three village, No. 1 village, Zhang Guo Town, Xinghua City, Jiangsu Applicant before: Li Dongnian |
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