CN109122150A - Virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method and its virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling - Google Patents
Virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method and its virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122150A CN109122150A CN201810889958.9A CN201810889958A CN109122150A CN 109122150 A CN109122150 A CN 109122150A CN 201810889958 A CN201810889958 A CN 201810889958A CN 109122150 A CN109122150 A CN 109122150A
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- radix polygonati
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Abstract
Virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method and its virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling, are related to a kind of virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method and its virus-free seedling.Its newly-ploughed soil being characterized in that on selection high mountain plants history without radix polygonati officinalis and Breeding base is made in the wasteland of many years of continuously lying fallow, it is carried out disinfection sterilization with white lime and tea seed cake powder to soil when site preparation, by conventional radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 6 years Propagation of Rhizomes of 4 years two generations or three generations, virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling is bred out.Using high mountain microthermal climate and the comprehensive detoxification of white lime, tea seed cake powder, safety and environmental protection, breeding condition is simple, easy to operate, production cost is low, adapts to large area breeding, bred radix polygonati officinalis seedling shows high yield and high quality, disease incidence extremely low even zero without pathogeny, virus is infected in Production of Large Fields.It is high to solve the morbidity of prior art radix polygonati officinalis seedling, low output, inferior technical problem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method and radix polygonati officinalis seedlings.
Technical background
Radix polygonati officinalis belongs to integration of drinking and medicinal herbs Chinese medicine, is used as medicine with rhizome, is mild-natured, is sweet in flavor, has nourishing yin and clearing heat, the function such as cough-relieving of promoting the production of body fluid
Effect.It is with a long history in China's plantation, it is that current consumption figure is more, export volume is big, cultivated area is wide, medicinal herb grower's benefit is metastable
One of large Chinese medicine.
The breeding of radix polygonati officinalis crop field has two kinds of modes: i.e. seminal propagation (sexual propagation) and Propagation of Rhizomes (vegetative propagation), because of jade
There are germination inhicbitor and not eye phenomenon in bamboo kind, seeding ratio is low, and emergence is irregular, and Production of Large Fields uses rhizome substantially
Breeding.The heredity and parent of vegetative propagation are almost the same, can also morph under the influence of external condition.Radix polygonati officinalis category intolerant to
The Typical crops of recast, " every household kind radix polygonati officinalis is reserved seed for planting certainly in every family " is commonplace in Production of Large Fields in addition, or even uses long distance divorced
Also few people apply the straightforward procedure that ground is introduced a fine variety or exchanged, and the contagious disease, virus based on root rot infect, pathogeny
It is increasingly accumulated in rhizome and soil, disease aggravates year by year, causes variety deterioration, and resistance decline is related with output and quality
Economic characters deteriorate, and implantation time is more than that 20 years or more the old producing regions of radix polygonati officinalis fast decay occur.Meanwhile because of old producing region radix polygonati officinalis kind
Rate is high in spite of illness for stem, and no matter seedling is generalized to old area domain new district, and radix polygonati officinalis generally falls ill, 60% or more some areas susceptible gene, and 1 year
It was aggravated than 1 year, thus the domestic high yield and high quality main producing region in Hunan is failed one by one, brought to radix polygonati officinalis industry immeasurable
Loss.Therefore, carry out the virus-free seedling breeding of radix polygonati officinalis and radix polygonati officinalis scientic planting method, solve the problems, such as radix polygonati officinalis disease incidence, it appears ten
Divide urgent and extremely important.Present inventor set about carrying out the nontoxic seedling breeding research of radix polygonati officinalis from 2008, lasted 10 years, though
Several times fail, is finally succeeded using the breeding of High aititude base.
In the prior art, crops virus-elimination seedlings are bred, complicated for operation, and condition is harsh, are unable to large-scale production, are produced into
This height, the skill such as disclosed in a kind of detoxicated ginger mating system of Publication No. CN107529398A, publication date for 2018.01.02
A kind of art are as follows: " detoxicated ginger mating system, comprising the following steps: (1) preparation of detoxicated ginger seedling；(2) expansion of detoxicated ginger seedling
Big breeding；(3) transplanting domestication ".And the virus-free seedling breeding of radix polygonati officinalis has not been reported.And radix polygonati officinalis cultivation technique is relatively more, it is such as public
The number of opening is a kind of cultural method for radix polygonati officinalis that CN107736209A publication date is 2018.02.27, disclosed technology are as follows: " including with
Lower step: (1) addressing site preparation: selection soil, atmosphere and water pollution degree are small, and the hillock hills of height above sea level 100-1200m, the gradient is less than
25 degree, soil layer is deep, fertile, loose, draining is good, plantation land used of neutral or subacidity the soil as radix polygonati officinalis；Plough deeply 25-
30cm, while applying farmyard manure 2500-3500kg per acre and making base manure, it is whole carefully to rake, the furrow of wide 1.5-1.8m are made, furrow ditch is wide
0.3-0.5m, deep 0.25-0.35m；(2) seed selection plantation: choosing the seedling of seedling body stalwartness, selects in late July to late August fine
It is planted, and carries out sterilizing with drugs such as thiophanate methyls before plantation；Then radix polygonati officinalis seedling is inserted by spacing in the rows 15-20cm
Enter in ditch, cover decomposed muck immediately, then lid straw is covered, thickness control covers on straw thin again in 5-6cm, finally
Soil；(3) apply fertilizer: radix polygonati officinalis will at least apply fertilizer secondary 2 years growth periods；Fertilising is when sowing for the first time, in seedling and straw
Interbed applies human and animal manure 1500-2000kg per acre；Second of fertilising after withered seedling, surgeries withered seedling in next year August-September, removes impurity elimination
Grass, then pigs and cattle muck 1000-1500kg is imposed per acre, and adds rice straw mulching ".This method solves present radix polygonati officinalis production and generally deposits
Variety deterioration, the problem of resistance decline, disease incidence is high and poor quality, low output.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome prior art defect, it is simple to disclose a kind of condition, easy to operate, adapts to big face
Product breeding, production cost is low, and bred radix polygonati officinalis seedling shows high yield without pathogeny, virus is infected in Production of Large Fields
It is high-quality, the virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method of disease incidence extremely low even zero.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method is characterized in that
Newly-ploughed soil on selection high mountain plants history without radix polygonati officinalis and Breeding base is made in the wasteland for many years of continuously lying fallow, and when site preparation is used
White lime and tea seed cake powder carry out disinfection sterilization to soil, by conventional radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 6 years Propagation of Rhizomes of 4 years two generations or three generations,
Breed out virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling.
The high mountain in the technology of the present invention solution, height above sea level 500-1500m, it is preferable that 600-
700m1300-1400m, 800-900m, 1000-1100m.
In the Breeding base in the technology of the present invention solution, per generation, all need to change place, and land reclamation, prevents again
Recast.
The Breeding base in the technology of the present invention solution, it is desirable that landform is open, leeward to face south, and draining is good, slope
At most 30 degree of degree.
Further, the Breeding base, it is desirable that without any water, air pollution source.
Further, the Breeding base, it is desirable that soil layer at least 20cm, preferably 30-50cm, husky earth or slight clayey earth
Soil.
It is carried out disinfection sterilization with white lime and tea seed cake powder to soil when the site preparation in the technology of the present invention solution:
Ice and snow weather carries out soil before arriving and ploughs deeply, and applies white lime 30-100kg, preferably 35- per acre together when carrying out soil and ploughing deeply
90kg, 40-80kg, 45-75kg, 50-70kg, 60kg accelerate soil-ripening, at least one before plantation using winter jellyization
Month, fermented- organic fertilizer 1000-3000kg, preferably 1500-2500kg, 2000kg and tea seed cake powder are applied per acre within preferably 2-4 months
50-350 kg, preferably 100-300kg, 150-250 kg, 200kg；Then fine site preparation makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further rotten
It is ripe；Plantation a few days ago, preferably 3-9 days, 4-8 days, 5-7 days, is loosened the soil for 6 days, removes weeds, in case seeding.
Further, when site preparation hillside fields together at ladder.
4 years two generations Propagation of Rhizomes in the technology of the present invention solution: being the seed selection of zero generation after biennial root stem breeding
Radix polygonati officinalis seedling as the first generation choose seeds, and after 2 years Propagation of Rhizomes become field production virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling.
6 years Propagation of Rhizomes of the three generations in the technology of the present invention solution: being with the jade through two 4 years Propagation of Rhizomes of generation
Bamboo kind seedling is chosen seeds, then becomes the virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling of field production after 2 years Propagation of Rhizomes.
Further, zero generation seed selection: seed bud of the seedling from Production of Large Fields, implantation time it is short, do not applied and removed
Careless agent, the seed selection of new producing region that disease incidence is low.
Further, by with " pig dung tail ginseng " characteristic feature, seed bud is sturdy, bud it is full slightly concave, disease-free spot, without worm
Wound, the standard without machinery damage are chosen seeds one by one.
Further, it the first generation seed selection: chooses seeds in the numerous radix polygonati officinalis seedling of zero generation institute, emphasis removes scab, insect bite, machine
Tool hurts seed bud, carries out mixed choosing.
Further, it the second generation seed selection: chooses seeds in the numerous radix polygonati officinalis seedling of first generation institute, it is desirable that without pathogeny, removing machine
Tool hurts seed bud, carries out mixed choosing.
The breeding in the technology of the present invention solution: after seed selection, seed bud disinfection is carried out to choosing seeds: selecting more bacterium
Spirit or thiophanate methyl seed soaking disinfection, are then planted, with leaf or the cold-proof moisturizing of cogongrass is covered after plantation, followed by daily
Management, excavates and reserves seed for planting.
Further, the seed bud sterilizes 800 times of liquid seed soaking of thiophanate methyl of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70%
It 15-20 minutes, is planted after draining.
Further, the plantation time Hunan is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, and ladder soil presses line-spacing 25-35cm, preferably 30cm
10-20cm is opened, seedling stem is pressed the preferred 15cm flat raft of spacing in the rows 12-20cm in ditch, lid fine earth 3- by the ditch of preferably 15 centimetres depths
10cm, preferably 5-8cm, 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on level land, then are planted by the above seeding row spacing.
Further, the daily management uses following steps:
A. weeds and diseased plant are removed in time.Weeds will except it is early, except it is small, in addition to, avoid using any herbicide, diseased plant will with it is existing with
It digs, wrong would rather dig and not omit, thoroughly removed together to quasi- diseased plant is doubted, and diseased plant cave is dissipated and applies white lime disinfection, diseased plant, which is concentrated, burns
It ruins.
B. reasonable top dressing: all application fermentation organic fertilizers prevent chemical fertilizer, before plantation on the basis of organic fertilizer,
The next winter is fallen after seedling applies fermentation organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg per acre, covers fine earth 5-6cm, then cover one layer of leaf or thatch
Careless heat and moisture preserving.
C, prevention waterlogging draining: furrow ditch is dredged in time benefit for draining in rainy season.
D, insect pest preventing and controlling: the emphasis of the nontoxic sick seedling breeding of radix polygonati officinalis is by selecting High aititude base, using tea seed cake, lime pair
Soil disinfection inhibits pathogeny bacterium flourish to reach by 3 to four years and invade under the relatively low weather conditions of high mountain temperature
The intracorporal pathogeny bacterium of radix polygonati officinalis nutrition is withered away, final to realize that rhizome is nontoxic.The First Year of Breeding base plantation, to graywall, foxiness
The leaf diseases such as disease, purple wheel disease use 50% Tuzet, 1000 times of liquid, 500 times of Bravos, 70% thiophanate methyl in the generation phase respectively
800-1000 times of liquid, it is primary every spray in 5-7 days, it is 2-3 times continuous.It is avoided to the second generation using chemical agriculture since zero generation second year
Medicine reaches radix polygonati officinalis not introduced disease by improving radix polygonati officinalis itself resistance against disadvantage and rhizome detoxification.
Further, the excavation: high mountain mercury dropped is fast, and radix polygonati officinalis was than level land fallen leaves 15-45 days ahead of time, when radix polygonati officinalis falls seedling
It is excavated in time when 60-90%, Hunan area is generally in mid or late September.
Further, described to reserve seed for planting: when zero generation radix polygonati officinalis of excavation, to choose seeds by fine standard, be bred as the first generation
With kind, emphasis is to remove to have scab seed bud.When excavating first generation radix polygonati officinalis, seed bud is substantially without pathogeny, such as breeding second
In generation, can carry out mixed choosing, and emphasis removes the seed bud with scab and mechanical wounding, as long as the damage kind of Production of Large Fields ridding machines
Bud.
Further, commodity kind: being directly used in Production of Large Fields, can select in the first generation, can also select in the second generation, without
Scab seed bud carries out roughing.
The present invention is due to using above technical scheme, with high mountain microthermal climate and the comprehensive detoxification of white lime, tea seed cake powder, peace
Loopful is protected, and breeding condition is simple, and easy to operate, production cost is low, adapts to large area breeding, bred radix polygonati officinalis seedling is without biography
It catches an illness source, virus, high yield and high quality, disease incidence extremely low even zero is shown in Production of Large Fields.Solves prior art radix polygonati officinalis
Seedling morbidity is high, low output, inferior technical problem.
Specific embodiment
In order to be clearer to understand the present invention, below with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated for embodiment.
Embodiment: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method selects the newly-ploughed soil on high mountain or plants history and without radix polygonati officinalis
Breeding base is made in continuously the lie fallow wasteland of many years, is carried out disinfection sterilization with white lime and tea seed cake powder to soil when site preparation, will be conventional
Radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeds out virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 6 years Propagation of Rhizomes of 4 years two generations or three generations.
The high mountain, height above sea level 500-1500m, it is preferable that 600-700m, 1300-1400m, 800-900m,
1000-1100m。
In the Breeding base, per generation, all need to change place, and land reclamation, prevents recast again.
The wasteland, it is desirable that continuously lie fallow at least 5 years, preferably at least 10 years.
The Breeding base, it is desirable that landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and at most 30 degree of the gradient.
Further, the Breeding base, it is desirable that without any water, air pollution source.
Further, the Breeding base, it is desirable that soil layer at least 20cm, preferably 30-50cm, husky earth or slight clayey earth
Soil.
It is carried out disinfection sterilization with white lime and tea seed cake powder to soil when the site preparation: carrying out soil before the arriving of ice and snow weather
Ground is ploughed deeply, and applies white lime 30-100kg, preferably 35-90kg, 40-80kg, 45-75kg per acre together when carrying out soil and ploughing deeply,
50-70kg, 60kg accelerate soil-ripening using winter jellyization, and a month of at least one moon before plantation, preferably 2-4, which are applied, to have fermented
Organic fertilizer 1000-3000kg, preferably 1500-2500kg, 2000kg and tea seed cake powder 50-350 kg, preferably 100-300kg,
150-250 kg, 200kg；Then fine site preparation makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further decomposed；It plants a few days ago, preferably 3-9 days,
It 4-8 days, 5-7 days, loosens the soil within 6 days, removes weeds, in case seeding.
Further, when site preparation hillside fields together at ladder.
4 years two generations Propagation of Rhizomes: being that radix polygonati officinalis seedling of the zero generation seed selection after biennial root stem breeding is selected as the first generation
Kind, and as the virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling of field production after 2 years Propagation of Rhizomes.
6 years Propagation of Rhizomes of the three generations: being to be chosen seeds with the radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 4 years two generations Propagation of Rhizomes, then through 2 years
Become the virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling of field production after Propagation of Rhizomes.
Further, zero generation seed selection: seed bud of the seedling from Production of Large Fields, implantation time it is short, do not applied and removed
Careless agent, the seed selection of new producing region that disease incidence is low.
Further, by with " pig dung tail ginseng " characteristic feature, seed bud is sturdy, bud it is full slightly concave, disease-free spot, without worm
Wound, the standard without machinery damage are chosen seeds one by one.
Further, it the first generation seed selection: chooses seeds in the numerous radix polygonati officinalis seedling of zero generation institute, emphasis removes scab, insect bite, machine
Tool hurts seed bud, carries out mixed choosing.
Further, it the second generation seed selection: chooses seeds in the numerous radix polygonati officinalis seedling of first generation institute, it is desirable that without pathogeny, removing machine
Tool hurts seed bud, carries out mixed choosing.
The breeding: after seed selection, seed bud disinfection is carried out to choosing seeds: carbendazim or thiophanate methyl seed soaking being selected to disappear
Then poison is planted, excavated and reserved seed for planting followed by daily management with covering leaf or the cold-proof moisturizing of cogongrass after plantation.
Further, the seed bud sterilizes 800 times of liquid seed soaking of thiophanate methyl of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70%
It 15-20 minutes, is planted after draining.
Further, the plantation time Hunan is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, and ladder soil presses line-spacing 25-35cm, preferably 30cm
10-20cm is opened, seedling stem is pressed the preferred 15cm flat raft of spacing in the rows 12-20cm in ditch, lid fine earth 3- by the ditch of preferably 15 centimetres depths
10cm, preferably 5-8cm, 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on level land, then are planted by the above seeding row spacing.
Further, the daily management uses following steps:
A. weeds and diseased plant are removed in time.Weeds will except it is early, except it is small, in addition to, avoid using any herbicide, diseased plant will with it is existing with
It digs, wrong would rather dig and not omit, thoroughly removed together to quasi- diseased plant is doubted, and diseased plant cave is dissipated and applies white lime disinfection, diseased plant, which is concentrated, burns
It ruins.
B. reasonable top dressing: all application fermentation organic fertilizers prevent chemical fertilizer, before plantation on the basis of organic fertilizer,
The next winter applies fermentation organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg after falling seedling, covers fine earth 5-6cm, then covers one layer of leaf or cogongrass guarantor
Warm moisturizing.
C, prevention waterlogging draining: furrow ditch is dredged in time benefit for draining in rainy season.
D, insect pest preventing and controlling: the emphasis of the nontoxic sick seedling breeding of radix polygonati officinalis is by selecting High aititude base, using tea seed cake, lime pair
Soil disinfection inhibits pathogeny bacterium flourish to reach by 3 to four years and invade under the relatively low weather conditions of high mountain temperature
The intracorporal pathogeny bacterium of radix polygonati officinalis nutrition is withered away, final to realize that rhizome is nontoxic.The First Year of Breeding base plantation, to graywall, foxiness
The leaf diseases such as disease, purple wheel disease use 50% Tuzet, 1000 times of liquid, 500 times of Bravos, 70% thiophanate methyl in the generation phase respectively
800-1000 times of liquid, it is primary every spray in 5-7 days, it is 2-3 times continuous.It is avoided to the second generation using chemical agriculture since zero generation second year
Medicine reaches radix polygonati officinalis not introduced disease by improving radix polygonati officinalis itself resistance against disadvantage and rhizome detoxification.
Further, the excavation: high mountain mercury dropped is fast, and radix polygonati officinalis was than level land fallen leaves 15-45 days ahead of time, when radix polygonati officinalis falls seedling
It is excavated in time when 60-90%, Hunan area is generally in mid or late September.
Further, described to reserve seed for planting: when zero generation radix polygonati officinalis of excavation, to choose seeds by fine standard, be bred as the first generation
With kind, emphasis is to remove to have scab seed bud.When excavating first generation radix polygonati officinalis, seed bud is substantially without pathogeny, such as breeding second
In generation, can carry out mixed choosing, and emphasis removes the seed bud with scab and mechanical wounding, as long as the damage kind of Production of Large Fields ridding machines
Bud.
Further, commodity kind: being directly used in Production of Large Fields, can select in the first generation, can also select in the second generation, without
Scab seed bud carries out roughing.
Embodiment 1: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method selects the newly-ploughed soil on high mountain or plants history and without radix polygonati officinalis
Breeding base is made in continuously the lie fallow wasteland of many years, is carried out disinfection sterilization with white lime and tea seed cake powder to soil when site preparation, will be conventional
Radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeds out virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 4 years two generations Propagation of Rhizomes.
Embodiment 2: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method, select height above sea level on the high mountain of 500m it is newly-ploughed soil or
No radix polygonati officinalis plants history and Breeding base is made in the wasteland continuously lain fallow at least 13 years, and landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side,
20 degree of the gradient, soil layer 50cm, sandy loam.It is carried out disinfection sterilization with white lime and tea seed cake powder to soil when site preparation, by conventional radix polygonati officinalis
Seedling breeds out virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 6 years zero generation, the first generation, second generation three generations Propagation of Rhizomes.Virus-free rate is up to 98%.
Embodiment 3: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method sequentially includes the following steps:
1, zero generation Propagation of Rhizomes:
(1) high mountain selects ground: selecting height above sea level to plant history for the newly-ploughed soil on the high mountain of 1500m or without radix polygonati officinalis and continuously stops
Breeding base is made in the wasteland ploughed 5 years, and landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and the gradient is 30 degree, without any water, air pollution
Source, soil layer 20cm, sandy loam.
(2) site preparation sterilizes: carry out soil before the arriving of ice and snow weather and plough deeply site preparation, when site preparation hillside fields together at ladder,
It carries out applying white lime 30kg per acre together when soil is ploughed deeply, using winter jellyization, accelerates soil-ripening, at least one before plantation
Month, 350 kg of fermented- organic fertilizer 3000k and tea seed cake powder is applied per acre；Then fine site preparation makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further
It is decomposed；Plantation is loosened the soil for first 3 days, removes weeds, in case seeding；
(3) in zero generation of, chooses seeds: seed bud of the seedling from Production of Large Fields, implantation time it is short, do not applied herbicide, disease incidence
Low new producing region seed selection, by with " pig dung tail ginseng " characteristic feature, seed bud is sturdy, bud it is full slightly concave, disease-free spot, without worm
Wound, the standard without machinery damage are chosen seeds one by one.
(4) seed bud sterilizes: it is soaked seed 15-20 minutes with 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70%,
It is planted after draining.
(5) is planted: plantation time Hunan is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, and ladder soil presses the ditch of line-spacing 25cm depth, and seedling stem is pressed
Spacing in the rows 12cm flat raft is in ditch, lid fine earth 3-5cm, and 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on level land, then are planted by the above seeding row spacing.
(6) following steps daily management: are used:
A. weeds and diseased plant are removed in time.Weeds will except it is early, except it is small, in addition to, avoid using any herbicide, diseased plant will with it is existing with
It digs, wrong would rather dig and not omit, thoroughly removed together to quasi- diseased plant is doubted, and diseased plant cave is dissipated and applies white lime disinfection, diseased plant, which is concentrated, burns
It ruins.
B. reasonable top dressing: all application fermentation organic fertilizers prevent chemical fertilizer, before plantation on the basis of organic fertilizer,
The next winter is fallen after seedling applies fermentation organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg per acre, covers fine earth 5-6cm, then cover one layer of leaf or thatch
Careless heat and moisture preserving.
C, prevention waterlogging draining: furrow ditch is dredged in time benefit for draining in rainy season.
D, insect pest preventing and controlling: the emphasis of the nontoxic sick seedling breeding of radix polygonati officinalis is by selecting High aititude base, using tea seed cake, lime pair
Soil disinfection inhibits pathogeny bacterium flourish to reach by 3 to four years and invade under the relatively low weather conditions of high mountain temperature
The intracorporal pathogeny bacterium of radix polygonati officinalis nutrition is withered away, final to realize that rhizome is nontoxic.The First Year of Breeding base plantation, to graywall, foxiness
The leaf diseases such as disease, purple wheel disease use 50% Tuzet, 1000 times of liquid, 500 times of Bravos, 70% thiophanate methyl in the generation phase respectively
800-1000 times of liquid, it is primary every spray in 5-7 days, it is 2-3 times continuous.
(7) in zero generation of, excavates: being excavated after being commissioned to train when zero and educate 2 years, high mountain mercury dropped is fast, and radix polygonati officinalis is fallen leaves than level land
It 15-45 days ahead of time, is excavated in time when radix polygonati officinalis falls seedling 60-90%, Hunan area is in mid or late September.
2, first generation Propagation of Rhizomes:
(1) high mountain select ground: reselect height above sea level be 1200-1300m high mountain on it is newly-ploughed soil or without radix polygonati officinalis plant history and
Breeding base is made in the wasteland continuously lain fallow 10 years, and landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and the gradient is 25 degree, soil layer
30cm, sandy loam.In per generation, all needs to change place, again land reclamation, can not recast.
(2) site preparation sterilizes: before the arriving of ice and snow weather, Hunan carries out soil before November and ploughs deeply site preparation, site preparation
When hillside fields together at ladder, apply white lime 100kg per acre together when carrying out soil and ploughing deeply, using winter jellyizations, acceleration soil is ripe
Change, applies 50 kg of fermented- organic fertilizer 1000k and tea seed cake powder by least two moon before plantation；Then fine site preparation, allow fertilizer and
Tea seed cake powder is further decomposed；Plantation is loosened the soil for first 9 days, removes weeds, in case seeding；
(3) the first generation is chosen seeds: when zero generation radix polygonati officinalis of excavation, being chosen seeds by fine standard, be bred as the first generation with kind, weight
Point is to remove to have scab seed bud.
(4) seed bud sterilizes: it is soaked seed 15-20 minutes with 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70%,
It is planted after draining.
(5) is planted: plantation time Hunan is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, and ladder soil presses the ditch of line-spacing 35cm depth, and seedling stem is pressed
Spacing in the rows 20cm flat raft is in ditch, lid fine earth 7-10cm, and 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on level land, then are planted by the above seeding row spacing.
(6) following steps daily management: are used:
A. weeds and diseased plant are removed in time.Weeds will except it is early, except it is small, in addition to, avoid using any herbicide, diseased plant will with it is existing with
It digs, wrong would rather dig and not omit, thoroughly removed together to quasi- diseased plant is doubted, and diseased plant cave is dissipated and applies white lime disinfection, diseased plant, which is concentrated, burns
It ruins.
B. reasonable top dressing: all application fermentation organic fertilizers prevent chemical fertilizer, before plantation on the basis of organic fertilizer,
The next winter applies fermentation organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg after falling seedling, covers fine earth 5-6cm, then covers one layer of leaf or cogongrass guarantor
Warm moisturizing.
C, prevention waterlogging draining: furrow ditch is dredged in time benefit for draining in rainy season.
D, insect pest preventing and controlling: the First Year of Breeding base plantation is sending out the leaf diseases such as graywall, brown spot, purple wheel disease
The raw phase uses 800-1000 times of 50% Tuzet, 1000 times of liquid, 500 times of Bravos, 70% thiophanate methyl liquid respectively, sprays every 5-7 days
Once, 2-3 times continuous.
(7) the first generation is excavated: it is excavated after the completion of the first generation is cultivated 2 years, it is timely when radix polygonati officinalis falls seedling 70-80%
Excavation, Hunan area is in mid or late September.The seed bud of first generation Propagation of Rhizomes is substantially without pathogeny, such as breeding the second generation
Mixed choosing can be carried out, emphasis removes the seed bud with scab and mechanical wounding, as long as damaged seed bud for Production of Large Fields ridding machines
?.
3, second generation Propagation of Rhizomes:
(1) high mountain selects ground: reselecting height above sea level for the newly-ploughed soil on the high mountain of 600-900m or without radix polygonati officinalis plantation history and
Breeding base is made in the wasteland continuously lain fallow 15 years, and landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and the gradient is 10 degree, soil layer 30cm,
Sandy loam.In per generation, all needs to change place, again land reclamation, can not recast.
(2) site preparation sterilizes: carrying out soil before arriving in winter and ploughs deeply site preparation, together per acre when carrying out soil and ploughing deeply
White lime 60kg is applied, using winter jellyization, soil-ripening is accelerated to apply fermented- organic fertilizer per acre 3 months before plantation
200 kg of 2000kg and tea seed cake powder；Then fine site preparation makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further decomposed；It loosens the soil within 6-7 days before plantation, clearly
It cuts weeds, in case seeding；
(3) the second generation is chosen seeds: when excavation first generation radix polygonati officinalis, emphasis is to remove the seed bud with scab and mechanical wounding.
(4) seed bud sterilizes: it is soaked seed 15-20 minutes with 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70%,
It is planted after draining.
(5) is planted: plantation time Hunan is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, and ladder soil presses the ditch of line-spacing 30cm depth, and seedling stem is pressed
Spacing in the rows 15cm flat raft is in ditch, lid fine earth 5-8cm, and 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on level land, then are planted by the above seeding row spacing.
(6) following steps daily management: are used:
A. weeds and diseased plant are removed in time.Weeds will except it is early, except it is small, in addition to avoiding using any herbicide, diseased plant seldom sends out
It is raw, it is thoroughly removed together just in case quasi- diseased plant is doubted in discovery, and diseased plant cave is dissipated and applies white lime disinfection, diseased plant, which is concentrated, burns.
B. reasonable top dressing: all application fermentation organic fertilizers prevent chemical fertilizer, before plantation on the basis of organic fertilizer,
The next winter applies fermentation organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg after falling seedling, covers fine earth 5-6cm, then covers one layer of leaf or cogongrass guarantor
Warm moisturizing.
C, prevention waterlogging draining: furrow ditch is dredged in time benefit for draining in rainy season.
D, insect pest preventing and controlling: the First Year of Breeding base plantation is sending out the leaf diseases such as graywall, brown spot, purple wheel disease
The raw phase uses 800-1000 times of 50% Tuzet, 1000 times of liquid, 500 times of Bravos, 70% thiophanate methyl liquid respectively, sprays every 5-7 days
Once, 2-3 times continuous.
(7) the second generation is excavated: being excavated after the completion of the second generation is cultivated 2 years, is adopted in time when radix polygonati officinalis falls seedling 80%
It digs, Hunan area is in mid or late September.The seed bud of second generation Propagation of Rhizomes completely with out pathogeny, can be directly used for Production of Large Fields
With virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling, as long as ridding machines damage seed bud.
Embodiment 4: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method, including ground is selected, site preparation, soil disinfection is chosen seeds, breeding:
It is described to select ground: the wasteland for opening up wasteland new soil or plant history without radix polygonati officinalis and continuously lie fallow 15 years on selection elevation 800m high mountain
Make Breeding base, it is desirable that landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and at most 30 degree of the gradient；
The site preparation: carrying out soil before the arriving of ice and snow weather and plough deeply, and using winter jellyization, accelerates soil-ripening；When site preparation
Hillside fields is together at ladder；
The soil disinfection: soil disinfection is carried out with white lime and tea seed cake powder；It is described to carry out soil disinfection with white lime, be into
Apply white lime 30kg when row soil is ploughed deeply per acre together, it is described to carry out soil disinfection with tea seed cake powder, be before plantation at least one moon
Apply 350 kg of fermented- organic fertilizer 1000kg and tea seed cake powder；Then fine site preparation makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further decomposed；It plants
Kind is a few days ago loosened the soil, and weeds are removed, in case seeding；
The seed selection: three generations's seed selection is carried out:
A. zero generation kind: seed bud of the seedling from Production of Large Fields of zero generation kind, implantation time it is short, do not applied herbicide, hair
The low new producing region seed selection of sick rate；By have " pig dung tail ginseng " characteristic feature, seed bud are sturdy, bud it is full slightly concave, disease-free spot, nothing
Insect bite, the standard without machinery damage are chosen seeds one by one.
B. first generation kind: choosing seeds in zero generation, and emphasis removes scab, insect bite, machinery wound seed bud, carries out mixed choosing.
C. second generation kind: choosing seeds in the first generation, no pathogeny, and ridding machines hurt seed bud and carry out mixed choosing.
The breeding: after seed selection, seed bud disinfection is carried out to choosing seeds, with 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70% methyl
800 times of liquid of thiophanate are soaked seed 15-20 minutes, are planted after draining, and plantation time Hunan is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, and ladder soil presses line-spacing
25cm opens the ditch of 10cm depth, and by seedling stem by spacing in the rows 12cm flat raft in ditch, 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on lid fine earth 3cm, level land, then are pressed
The above seeding row spacing plantation.It is excavated and is reserved seed for planting followed by daily management with covering leaf or the cold-proof moisturizing of cogongrass after plantation.
Virus-free rate is up to 100%.
Embodiment 5: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method, including ground is selected, site preparation, soil disinfection is chosen seeds, breeding:
It is described to select ground: the new soil of the reclamation of wasteland on selection elevation 1200m high mountain or without radix polygonati officinalis plantation history and continuous 10 years lie fallow
Make Breeding base in wasteland, it is desirable that landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and at most 30 degree of the gradient, without any water, air pollution
Source, the husky earth or slight clay loam of soil layer at least 20cm.
The site preparation: carrying out soil before the arriving of ice and snow weather and plough deeply, and using winter jellyization, accelerates soil-ripening；It is whole
Hillside fields is together at ladder when ground.
The soil disinfection: soil disinfection is carried out with white lime and tea seed cake powder；It is described to carry out soil disinfection with white lime, be
White lime 30kg is applied per acre together when carrying out soil and ploughing deeply, it is described to carry out soil disinfection with tea seed cake powder, it is at least 1 before plantation
Apply within a month 350 kg of fermented- organic fertilizer 1000kg and tea seed cake powder；Then fine site preparation makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further rotten
It is ripe；Plantation is a few days ago loosened the soil, and weeds are removed, in case seeding.
The seed selection: three generations's seed selection is carried out:
A. zero generation kind: seed bud of the seedling from Production of Large Fields of zero generation kind, implantation time it is short, do not applied herbicide, hair
The low new producing region seed selection of sick rate；By have " pig dung tail ginseng " characteristic feature, seed bud are sturdy, bud it is full slightly concave, disease-free spot, nothing
Insect bite, the standard without machinery damage are chosen seeds one by one；
B. first generation kind: choosing seeds in zero generation, and emphasis removes scab, insect bite, machinery wound seed bud, carries out mixed choosing；
C. second generation kind: choosing seeds in the first generation, no pathogeny, and ridding machines hurt seed bud and carry out mixed choosing.
The breeding: after seed selection, seed bud disinfection is carried out to choosing seeds, with 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70% methyl
800 times of liquid of thiophanate are soaked seed 15-20 minutes, are planted after draining, and plantation time Hunan is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, and ladder soil presses line-spacing
25cm opens the ditch of 10cm depth, and by seedling stem by spacing in the rows 12cm flat raft in ditch, 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on lid fine earth 3cm, level land, then are pressed
The above seeding row spacing plantation.It is excavated and is reserved seed for planting followed by daily management with covering leaf or the cold-proof moisturizing of cogongrass after plantation.
Virus-free rate is up to 100%.
Embodiment 5: virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method, using following steps:
1, base selection: the nontoxic seedling breeding base of radix polygonati officinalis has to comply with 4 conditions:
1. height above sea level.Between 900-1200 meters, it is raw that the seed bud that the second generation is bred can put into crop field for zero generation, first generation Breeding base
It produces, it can also be used to continue to breed nontoxic seedling, such as make seedling breeding, should select between 600-900 meters of height above sea level.Every Dai Douxu is more
Carry over, land reclamation again can not recast.
2. soil.The wasteland that new soil must be opened up wasteland or plant history without radix polygonati officinalis and continuously lie fallow 10 years or more.1000 meters of periphery
Range cannot plant radix polygonati officinalis；30 centimeters of soil layer or more, husky earth or slight clay loam.
3. landform.Landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and 20 degree of the gradient or less.
4. without any water, air pollution source.
5. applying white lime and tea seed cake powder carrying out soil disinfection.This is one of vital measure.
2, site preparation: newly formerly ploughing deeply before November in year, applies 60 kilograms of white lime per acre together, hillside fields together at ladder,
Using winter jellyization, accelerate soil-ripening.Plantation first trimester applies organic fertilizer 2000kg and tea seed cake powder 200kg after fermentation, so
Fine site preparation afterwards makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further decomposed.Plantation is loosened the soil for first 6 days or so, removes weeds, in case seeding.
3, it chooses seeds:
1. zero generation kind.Seed bud of the seedling from Production of Large Fields of zero generation kind, when seed selection, hold four main points: the first, avoiding planting
The plant time is long, and the old producing region for concentrating cultivated area big is introduced a fine variety；The second, it avoids choosing seeds in the crop field for using herbicide；Third is kept away
Exempt to choose seeds in the high crop field of disease incidence；4th, by with " pig dung tail ginseng " characteristic feature, seed bud is sturdy, bud it is full slightly concave,
Disease-free spot is chosen seeds one by one without insect bite, the standard without machinery damage.
2. the first generation: choosing seeds in zero generation, emphasis removes scab, insect bite, machinery wound seed bud, carries out mixed choosing.
3. the second generation: choosing seeds in the first generation, substantially without pathogeny, as long as ridding machines, which hurt seed bud, carries out mixed choosing.
4. commodity kind: being directly used in Production of Large Fields, can be selected in the first generation, can also be selected in the second generation, disease-free spot kind
Bud carries out roughing.
4, sterilize: disinfection content includes seed bud disinfection and soil disinfection.
1. seed bud sterilizes.50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70% 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl are selected to soak seed 15-20 minutes,
Drain rear seeding.
2. soil disinfection.Experiments have shown that carrying out soil disinfection using chemical agent, effect can't see, and use tea seed cake powder
Add quick lime very significant to soil disinfection effect.White lime 60kg is applied when first time soil turns over base per acre, second fine whole
It is dissipated per acre when ground and applies tea seed cake powder 200kg, this is to ensure that the successful important measures of nontoxic seedling breeding.
5, plant: the high mountain breeding plantation time is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month.Terraced soil opens 15 centimetres of depths by 30 centimetres of line-spacing
Ditch, by seedling stem by 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows or so flat rafts in ditch, 5-8 centimeters of lid fine earth.1.5 meters of furrow are first done on level land, then more than pressing
Seeding row spacing plantation, then cover leaf or the cold-proof moisturizing of cogongrass.
6, daily management:
(1), weeds and diseased plant are removed in time.Weeds will except it is early, except it is small, in addition to not using any herbicide.Diseased plant will with it is existing with
It digs, wrong would rather dig and not omit, thoroughly removed together to quasi- diseased plant is doubted, and diseased plant cave is dissipated and applies white lime disinfection, diseased plant, which is concentrated, burns
It ruins.
(2), reasonable top dressing.All application fermentation organic fertilizers, prevent chemical fertilizer.It is organic to apply 2000kg per acre before plantation
On the basis of fertilizer, the next winter applies fermentation organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg after falling seedling, covers fine earth 5-6 centimeters, then cover one layer
Leaf or cogongrass heat and moisture preserving.
(3), prevention waterlogging draining.Radix polygonati officinalis drought-resistant ability is strong, not irrigate generally.But radix polygonati officinalis is afraid of flood, ponding is most avoided, in rainy season
Section will dredge in time furrow ditch benefit for draining.
(4), insect pest preventing and controlling.Many experiments show that radix polygonati officinalis insect pest is very light, and blade is substantially without insect pest, the subterranean pest-insects such as grub
Larva is killed by lime, and prevent the not decomposed farmyard manure of application to control.Disease endangers seriously radix polygonati officinalis, wherein root-rot
It can cause to have no harvest when sick serious.The emphasis of the nontoxic sick seedling breeding of radix polygonati officinalis is by selecting High aititude base, using tea seed cake, lime pair
Soil disinfection inhibits pathogeny bacterium flourish to reach by 3 to four years and invade under the relatively low weather conditions of high mountain temperature
The intracorporal pathogeny bacterium of radix polygonati officinalis nutrition is withered away, final to realize that rhizome is nontoxic.The First Year of Breeding base plantation, to graywall, foxiness
The leaf diseases such as disease, purple wheel disease use 50% Tuzet, 1000 times of liquid, 500 times of Bravos, 70% thiophanate methyl in the generation phase respectively
800-1000 times of liquid, it is primary every spray in 5-7 days, it is 2-3 times continuous.Chemical agriculture is not used to the second generation since zero generation second year
Medicine reaches radix polygonati officinalis not introduced disease by improving radix polygonati officinalis itself resistance against disadvantage and rhizome detoxification.
7, excavate: high mountain mercury dropped is fast, and radix polygonati officinalis is timely when radix polygonati officinalis falls seedling 80% than level land fallen leaves 1 month or so ahead of time
Excavation, Hunan area is generally in mid or late September.
8, it reserves seed for planting: when zero generation radix polygonati officinalis of excavation, choosing seeds by fine standard, be bred as the first generation and use kind, emphasis is
Removing has scab seed bud.When excavating first generation radix polygonati officinalis, seed bud substantially without pathogeny, can such as be mixed for breeding the second generation
Choosing, emphasis remove the seed bud with scab and mechanical wounding, as long as damaged seed bud for Production of Large Fields ridding machines.
The present embodiment effect: family plants radix polygonati officinalis provenance and comes from wild radix polygonati officinalis, and the govern-house-variety of Hunan radix polygonati officinalis is " pig dung tail ginseng ", makees
For the Hunan based on moist climate, " pig dung tail ginseng " well-grown between 400-800 meters of height above sea level, 3 years raw radix polygonati officinalis per mu yield fresh goods
3000 kilograms or more, dry product polyoses content be more than 7% high yield and high quality area be concentrated mainly on 500 to 600 meters of height above sea level, soil is light
The area of clay loam is spent, 800 meters of area above of height above sea level, " pig dung tail three " performance growth is normal, and leaf color is partially dense, but yield
It is below low altitude area region with polyoses content, 1200 meters of height above sea level or more, " pig dung tail ginseng " performance fallen leaves are more early, and yield is obviously inclined
It is low, but as height above sea level improves, radix polygonati officinalis pest and disease damage gradually mitigates." pig dung tail ginseng " nontoxic stock breeding is succeeded, key measure
It is that the selection of back segment proving ground is opened up wasteland newly in 1000 meters of height above sea level or more high mountains, the specifically geographical, weather conditions by High aititude,
In conjunction with application tea seed cake, white lime to soil disinfection, by three generations's breeding in 6 years, bred out finally without infection pathogeny, virus
Nontoxic seedling, put into Production of Large Fields, show high yield and high quality, disease incidence zero.
Radix polygonati officinalis main producing region is popular in short, " radix polygonati officinalis does not send out pest, three year's harvest rich men ".Wild radix polygonati officinalis distribution is very wide, but " pig dung
Tail ginseng " requires strictly weather, soil property, and high yield and high quality producing region is relatively fewer.Continue however as the plantation time, radix polygonati officinalis is because of kind
Degeneration causes yield and quality degradation, and part main producing region large area, which is lost, in recent years receives.Pass through the nontoxic seedling of Multiplication and extension, energy
Increase substantially radix polygonati officinalis yield.Experiments have shown that: 2013 clean up the pond spread town carp village plant 1.5 mu of radix polygonati officinalis, source of seedling black mud
The field first generation growth cycle 3 years, the fresh polygonati rhizoma 3860kg of per mu yield, increases production 1604.3 public affairs than same region control base per acre
Jin, rate of growth 41.5%, current year procurement price are 6 yuan of per kilogram, increase income 9625 yuan per acre.
The present invention has also carried out a series of comparative test, and experimental data is as follows:
Virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding testing ground record sheet
The above, only of the invention illustrates embodiment, not to the present invention in any form with substantial limitation,
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, that makes several changes
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into supplement.All those skilled in the art, do not depart from spirit of that invention and
In the case where range, using the equivalent variations of a little change, modification and differentiation that disclosed above technology contents are made, it is
Equivalent embodiment of the invention；Meanwhile any equivalent variations that all substantial technologicals according to the present invention do above-described embodiment
Change, modification and differentiation, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method, it is characterised in that: newly-ploughed soil on selection high mountain plants history and without radix polygonati officinalis
Breeding base is made in continuously the lie fallow wasteland of many years, is carried out disinfection sterilization with white lime and tea seed cake powder to soil when site preparation, will be conventional
Radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeds out virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 6 years Propagation of Rhizomes of 4 years two generations or three generations.
2. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high mountain, height above sea level
Degree is 500-1500m, is preferably followed successively by 600-700m, 1300-1400m, 800-900m, 1000-1100m.
3. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Breeding base, per generation
Place is all needed to change, again land reclamation, prevents recast.
4. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Breeding base, it is desirable that
Landform is open, and leeward draining is good on the sunny side, and at most 30 degree of the gradient.
5. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the Breeding base, it is desirable that
Soil layer at least 20cm, preferably 30-50cm, husky earth or slight clay loam.
6. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the white lime when site preparation
It carries out disinfection sterilization with tea seed cake powder to soil: carrying out soil before the arriving of ice and snow weather and plough deeply, when carrying out soil and ploughing deeply one
And white lime 30-100kg, preferably 35-90kg, 40-80kg, 45-75kg, 50-70kg, 60kg are applied per acre, using winter jellyization,
Accelerate soil-ripening, a month of at least one moon before plantation, preferably 2-4 apply fermented- organic fertilizer 1000-3000kg per acre, excellent
Select 1500-2500kg, 2000kg and tea seed cake powder 50-350 kg, preferably 100-300kg, 150-250 kg, 200kg；Then fine
Site preparation makes fertilizer and tea seed cake powder further decomposed；Plantation a few days ago, preferably 3-9 days, 4-8 days, 5-7 days, is loosened the soil for 6 days, is removed miscellaneous
Grass, in case seeding.
7. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 4 years two generations rhizome is numerous
It grows: being that radix polygonati officinalis seedling of the zero generation seed selection after biennial root stem breeding is chosen seeds as the first generation, and is become after Propagation of Rhizomes through 2 years
The virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling of field production.
8. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 6 years rhizomes of the three generations are numerous
It grows: being to be chosen seeds with the radix polygonati officinalis seedling through 4 years two generations Propagation of Rhizomes, then become the nothing of field production after 2 years Propagation of Rhizomes
Viral radix polygonati officinalis seedling.
9. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the zero generation seed selection: seedling
Seed bud from Production of Large Fields is chosen seeds in implantation time is short, not applying herbicide, disease incidence is low new producing region, by having
" pig dung tail ginseng " characteristic feature, seed bud are sturdy, bud it is full slightly concave, disease-free spot, without insect bite, without machinery damage standard select one by one
Kind；The first generation seed selection: it chooses seeds in the numerous radix polygonati officinalis seedling of zero generation institute, emphasis removes scab, insect bite, machinery wound seed bud, carries out
Mixed choosing；The second generation seed selection: it chooses seeds in the numerous radix polygonati officinalis seedling of first generation institute, it is desirable that without pathogeny, ridding machines hurt seed bud, carry out
Mixed choosing.
10. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the breeding: choosing seeds
Afterwards, seed bud disinfection is carried out to choosing seeds: selecting carbendazim or thiophanate methyl seed soaking disinfection, then plant, with covering after plantation
Leaf or the cold-proof moisturizing of cogongrass excavate and reserve seed for planting followed by daily management；
Further, the seed bud sterilizes 800 times of liquid seed soaking 15-20 of thiophanate methyl of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 70%
Minute, it is planted after draining.
11. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plantation time: Hunan
It is advisable in 9-10 the first tenday period of a month month, ladder soil presses line-spacing 25-35cm, and preferably 30cm opens 10-20cm, the ditch of preferably 15 centimetres depths, by seedling stem
By the preferred 15cm flat raft of spacing in the rows 12-20cm in ditch, lid fine earth 3-10cm, preferably 5-8cm, 1.5 meters of furrow are first done on level land, then are pressed
The above seeding row spacing plantation.
12. virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: the daily management uses
Following steps:
A. remove weeds and diseased plant in time: weeds will except it is early, except it is small, in addition to, avoid using any herbicide, diseased plant will with it is existing with
It digs, wrong would rather dig and not omit, thoroughly removed together to quasi- diseased plant is doubted, and diseased plant cave is dissipated and applies white lime disinfection, diseased plant, which is concentrated, burns
It ruins；
B. reasonable top dressing: all application fermentation organic fertilizers prevent chemical fertilizer, before plantation on the basis of organic fertilizer, second
Winter in year falls after seedling applies fermentation organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg per acre, covers fine earth 5-6cm, then covers one layer of leaf or cogongrass guarantor
Warm moisturizing；
C, prevention waterlogging draining: furrow ditch is dredged in time benefit for draining in rainy season；
D, insect pest preventing and controlling: the emphasis of the nontoxic sick seedling breeding of radix polygonati officinalis is by selecting High aititude base, using tea seed cake, lime to soil
Disinfection inhibits pathogeny bacterium flourish to reach by 3 to four years under the relatively low weather conditions of high mountain temperature and invade radix polygonati officinalis
The intracorporal pathogeny bacterium of nutrition is withered away, final to realize that rhizome is nontoxic；The First Year of Breeding base plantation, to graywall, brown spot, purple
The leaf diseases such as wheel disease use 50% Tuzet, 1000 times of liquid, 500 times of Bravos, 70% thiophanate methyl 800- in the generation phase respectively
1000 times of liquid, it is primary every spray in 5-7 days, it is 2-3 times continuous；It is avoided to the second generation using chemical pesticide since zero generation second year,
Reach radix polygonati officinalis not introduced disease by improving radix polygonati officinalis itself resistance against disadvantage and rhizome detoxification.
13. the virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling that virus-free radix polygonati officinalis seedling breeding method described in -12 is bred according to claim 1.
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