CN107548904A - A kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107548904A CN107548904A CN201710735449.6A CN201710735449A CN107548904A CN 107548904 A CN107548904 A CN 107548904A CN 201710735449 A CN201710735449 A CN 201710735449A CN 107548904 A CN107548904 A CN 107548904A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of early rice to interplant Chinese yam cultivation method, including selection of land site preparation, variety selection, the presoaking and germinating of Chinese yam kind, sowing, use sufficient Chinese yam base manure, field management, the steps such as harvest, and upright and Chinese yam shorter using upland rice plant the characteristics of after planting seedling stage is less demanding to illumination, carry out upland rice and the scientific and reasonable interplanting of Chinese yam, Chinese yam is interplanted in early rice the middle and late growth stage, the implantation time of Chinese yam ahead of time, solve because continuous cropping and caused by pest and disease damage cause Chinese yam to yield poorly, ropy problem, yield can be improved, list ahead of time, and obtain preferable economic benefit；Field management is carried out by the way of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is combined using tillage and weeding, top dressing, rational nutritional ingredient can not only be provided for upland rice and Chinese yam, while plays the effect of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, prevention effect is notable, avoids being handled using chemical pesticide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method.
Background technology
Upland rice, property is drought-enduring, suitable for the cultivated rice of nonirrigated farmland plantation, also known as dryland rice, refers to and adapts to be grown on boundless nonirrigated farmland, slope
Cultivated rice class under ground and arid ecosystems environment, it is the anomaly of upland rice.It is different concepts with desert upland rice.Dryland rice has resistance to
The features such as non-irrigated, resistance to lean, wide adaptability, in the situation of population in the world expansion, climate warming, shortage of water resources or large area drought
Under, the development and utilization of dryland rice is to ensureing that world food has special meaning safely：（1）Upland rice dry farming can make full use of nature
Precipitation, the plantation of upland rice is no longer influenced by the limitation of manual priming, so as to expand upland rice cultivated area energetically, improve paddy production
Amount；（2）Be advantageous to the transformation to low-lying land, water sand ground, river bank, intermountain water outlet ground；Such plot plantation paddy field lacks irrigation
Condition, plantation dry land summer is easily flooded, and long-term grain yield is extremely low, and being changed to upland rice dry farming grain yield can be doubled and redoubled, economical
Benefit can be larger raising；（3）Upland rice dry farming can save substantial amounts of agricultural water because making full use of natural precipitation, reduce
Production cost, increase economic efficiency.
Chinese yam is also referred to as Chinese yam, also known as Chinese yam and long taro, belongs to Dioscoreaceae, edible with its loose root tuber or cylindric.
Contain protein 1.5%, carbohydrate 14.4% in root tuber, and containing multivitamin and choline etc., nutritive value is higher.
Chinese yam is perennial root trailing plant, and happiness is warm, can not resist cold, and more than 10 DEG C of root tuber starts to germinate, and cauline leaf is grown with 25 DEG C
~28 DEG C are most suitable, and stem tuber expands most fast with 20 DEG C~24 DEG C.Chinese yam growth is extensive, and medicine, dish dual-purpose, the masses like planting.But
In production, the yield of Chinese yam easily fluctuates, often fluctuated, gives people a kind of impression for being difficult to hold.
Throughout the year to plant the crop harvested then then in cultivation, Chinese yam can eat or be processed into dry plate raw and make medicine Chinese yam
Material, also can further deep processing and utilization, its huge market demand.Chinese yam planting patterns can be divided into clear kind, a kind or interplanting, with clear
Based on kind, few due to ploughing, continuous cropping pest and disease damage is serious for many years, and its yield significantly declines, while also takes broadcasting for grain-production
Kind area.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：For above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides a kind of cultivation of early rice interplanting Chinese yam
Culture method, and upright and Chinese yam shorter using upland rice plant the characteristics of after planting seedling stage is less demanding to illumination, carry out upland rice with
The scientific and reasonable interplanting of Chinese yam, early rice the middle and late growth stage interplanting Chinese yam, ahead of time Chinese yam implantation time, solve because continuous cropping and caused by
Pest and disease damage causes Chinese yam to yield poorly, ropy problem, can improve yield, list ahead of time, and obtain preferable economic benefit；Adopt
Field management is carried out with the mode that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is combined with tillage and weeding, top dressing, can not only be provided for upland rice and Chinese yam
Rational nutritional ingredient, while the effect of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is played, prevention effect is notable, avoids using at chemical pesticide
Reason.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Selection of land site preparation：Select the sandy loam field conduct that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter is high, irrigation condition is good, gas permeability is good
Planting site, after previous season crop harvesting, crop material is cut and is broken to 4~5cm, plowed soils 30~45cm, every mu apply 5~
15kg farm manures and 20~30kg plant ash before plantation, then are ploughed shallowly once as base manure, then whole carefully to rake, with the South and the North
To kind of a planting-line is made, upland rice and Chinese yam are planted on the face of railway carriage or compartment；
（2）Variety selection：Select the hybridization upland rice fine quality that disease resistance is good, relatively precocious；Selection harvests, without disease pest then
Do harm to, have no mechanical damage, growing uniform stem tuber and make Chinese yam kind；
（3）The presoaking and germinating of Chinese yam kind：Make 1500 times of decoctions 5~10min of seed soaking of hectogram with 25%, pick up and dry, it is neat to stack
Storage, and by block seedling stem and into segment make marks before plantation, eye is unified upward during to plant, every section of 100~130g of weight, and
Every section has 1~3 eye；
（4）Sowing：
1. upland rice is sowed：Sow upland rice seed in March, open plantation hole on kind of planting-line, the distance between hole and hole for 30~
35cm, each plantation hole plant 2~5 plants of upland rice；
2. Chinese yam is sowed：Mid-June, vertically drilled by single file using special drilling machine in reserved wide row in upland rice interpolation
Implantation hole, aperture is 6~10cm, deep 90~100cm, and spacing in the rows is 20~25cm, and straw is filled up into implantation hole, covered in implantation hole
A little hack, implantation step（3）Chinese yam seedling stem；
（5）Use sufficient Chinese yam base manure：In step（4）Base manure is made in application of being ditched around described 5~10cm of implantation hole, and blinding plays furrow；
（6）Field management：Draw seedling restocking and trimming, tillage and weeding, water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control including Chinese yam；
1. weeding：Tillage and weeding is carried out after upland rice plays the crop made between after seedling, growth animated period and harvest, tillage and weeding is every
Year 4 times, all shallow hoe of intertillage, removes planting site periphery weeds every time；
2. water and fertilizer management：After each tillage and weeding using fowl and animal excrement top dressing once, every mu imposes 30~50kg, in addition in Chinese yam
When height of seedling grows to 5~10cm, 400~500 times of effective microorganisms(EM) insect prevention liquid is once diluted to branches and leaves sprinkling, at the blossom fall end of upland rice
Phase, the effective microorganisms(EM) dilution of 300~500 times is sprayed from the root of upland rice and Chinese yam；The watering in time of weather arid is met, wherein
During 7~September arid, a water is respectively poured sooner or later, and rainy season dredges ditch and excludes planting base ponding in time；
3. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Diseased plant is extracted in time and removes planting base；
（7）Harvest：9~October, upland rice came to the ripening period, and was uniformly layered on straw on planting site after harvest upland rice, then often
Mu 45~65kg poultrys liquid dung accelerates straw corrosion and is used as Chinese yam fertilizer；Chinese yam stem tuber fully expanded and come to the ripening period January next year
It can harvest.
Further, in step（1）, described kind of planting-line width is 120~150cm, and furrow grow 500~800cm, furrow and furrow it
Between distance be 35~55cm, it is highly 35~40cm to play kind of a planting-line.
Further, in step（4）, upland rice sowing, prior to seeding, basked seeds 1~2d in fine day, remove not plump paddy and miscellaneous
Thing, with 12~24h of Seed soaking, 12~24h then is sterilized with 300 times of strong chlorine oil or carbendazim solution seed soaking, after sterilization
Seed clear water wash clean, to be advisable without flavour of a drug, soak seed 24h again after sterilization, and seed can be sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
Further, in step（5）, the base manure is poultry liquid dung, and dose is every mu of 50~80kg.
Further, in step（6）, draw in the field management when seedling restocking is Chinese yam 16~20cm of height of seedling and trimmed
Draws climing restocking, support are fence type, and each plant only stays a no disease and pests harm, the branches and tendrils of robust growth to make main stem, and remaining is pruned
Extract.
Further, in step（6）, the tillage and weeding is for the first time in 3~April, after upland rice seedling all sprouts；6~July upland rice
Growth is very vigorous, and weeds also grow fast, carries out second of weeding；Third time is in 8~September；4th weeding is combined and harvested in advance
Upland rice carry out, it is shallow hoe railway carriage or compartment face, root out weeds.
Further, in step（6）, water drainage waterproof in time occurs in spring and summer rainy season in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Disease
Strain excavation carries out pouring root with 0.1~0.3kg limewash after removing and disinfected.
In summary, the present invention has the positive effect that as a result of such scheme：
（1）The present invention using upland rice plant is shorter and upright and Chinese yam after planting seedling stage is less demanding to illumination the characteristics of, in morning
Rice the middle and late growth stage interplant Chinese yam, ahead of time Chinese yam implantation time, solve because continuous cropping and caused by pest and disease damage cause Chinese yam to yield poorly,
Ropy problem, yield can be improved, listed ahead of time, and obtain preferable economic benefit.
（2）The present invention scientifically and rationally interplants to upland rice with Chinese yam, has both improved the utilization rate in arable land, has improved again
The yield and quality of Chinese yam and paddy, it is one in the few area in arable land of having a large population and solves economic benefit and grain-production land used contradiction
Effective measures.
（3）The present invention carries out field management using tillage and weeding, top dressing by the way of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is combined, can not only
Rational nutritional ingredient enough is provided for upland rice and Chinese yam, while plays the effect of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, prevention effect is notable, avoids making
Handled with chemical pesticide, and it is easy to operate, be easily managed, pest and disease damage is small, safety and environmental protection, production cost are low, save
Production cost, manpower is saved, improves Chinese yam and the yield and quality of paddy, improve the economic value of upland rice and Chinese yam,
Solve the problems, such as that cultivation is limited by soil, soil condition and selenium content is low, environmental pollution is serious, be worthy of popularization.
Embodiment
Chinese yam cultivation method is interplanted to a kind of early rice of the present invention with reference to embodiment, is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Selection of land site preparation：Select the sandy loam field conduct that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter is high, irrigation condition is good, gas permeability is good
Planting site, after previous season crop harvesting, crop material is cut and is broken to 4cm, plowed soils 30cm, every mu apply 5kg farm manures and
20kg plant ash before plantation, then is ploughed shallowly once as base manure, then whole carefully to rake, and makees kind of a planting-line with North and South direction, upland rice and
Chinese yam is planted on the face of railway carriage or compartment；Described kind of planting-line width is 120cm, the long 500cm of furrow, and distance is 35cm between furrow and furrow, plays kind
Planting-line is highly 35cm；
（2）Variety selection：Select the hybridization upland rice fine quality that disease resistance is good, relatively precocious；Selection harvests, without disease pest then
Do harm to, have no mechanical damage, growing uniform stem tuber and make Chinese yam kind；
（3）The presoaking and germinating of Chinese yam kind：Make 1500 times of decoction seed soaking 5min of hectogram with 25%, pick up and dry, it is neat to stack storage,
And by block seedling stem and into segment make marks before plantation, eye is unified upward during to plant, every section of weight 100g, and every section has 1
Eye；
（4）Sowing：
1. upland rice is sowed：Upland rice seed to be sowed in March, plantation hole is opened on kind of planting-line, the distance between hole and hole are 30cm,
Each plantation hole plants 2 plants of upland rice；Upland rice sowing, prior to seeding, basked seeds 1d in fine day, remove not plump paddy and debris, with clear
Water logging kind 12h, then with 300 times of strong chlorine oil or carbendazim solution seed soaking sterilization 12h, the seed after sterilization is washed dry with clear water
Only, to be advisable without flavour of a drug, soak seed 24h again after sterilization, and seed can be sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
2. Chinese yam is sowed：Mid-June, vertically drilled by single file using special drilling machine in reserved wide row in upland rice interpolation
Straw is filled up implantation hole by implantation hole, aperture 6cm, deep 90cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, and a little hack is covered in implantation hole, implantation
Step（3）Chinese yam seedling stem；
（5）Use sufficient Chinese yam base manure：In step（4）Base manure is made in application of being ditched around described implantation hole 5cm, and the base manure is poultry
Liquid dung, dose are every mu of 50kg, and blinding plays furrow；
（6）Field management：Draw seedling restocking and trimming, tillage and weeding, water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control including Chinese yam；Draw on seedling
Frame carries out trimming draws climing restocking when being Chinese yam height of seedling 16cm, and support is fence type, and each plant only stays a no disease and pests harm, growth
Healthy and strong branches and tendrils make main stem, and remaining prunes excision；
1. weeding：Tillage and weeding is carried out after upland rice plays the crop made between after seedling, growth animated period and harvest, tillage and weeding is every
Year 4 times, all shallow hoe of intertillage, removes planting site periphery weeds every time；The tillage and weeding all sprouts in 3~April, upland rice seedling for the first time
Afterwards；6~July, upland rice growth was very vigorous, and weeds also grow fast, carry out second of weeding；Third time is in 8~September；4th weeding
Carried out with reference to the upland rice harvested in advance, shallow hoe railway carriage or compartment face, root out weeds；
2. water and fertilizer management：After each tillage and weeding using fowl and animal excrement top dressing once, every mu imposes 30kg, in addition in Chinese yam height of seedling
When growing to 5cm, 400 times of effective microorganisms(EM) insect prevention liquid is once diluted to branches and leaves sprinkling, in the blossom fall latter stage of upland rice, from upland rice and Chinese yam
Root spray the effective microorganisms(EM) dilution of 300 times；The watering in time of weather arid is met, wherein during 7~September arid, it is sooner or later each
A water is poured, rainy season dredges ditch and excludes planting base ponding in time；
3. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Diseased plant is extracted in time and removes planting base；In the rainy season hair of spring and summer in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Raw water drainage waterproof in time；Diseased plant excavation carries out pouring root with 0.1kg limewash after removing and disinfected；
（7）Harvest：9~October, upland rice came to the ripening period, and was uniformly layered on straw on planting site after harvest upland rice, then often
Mu 45kg poultrys liquid dung accelerates straw corrosion and is used as Chinese yam fertilizer；Chinese yam stem tuber fully expanded and come to the ripening period January next year
Harvesting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Selection of land site preparation：Select the sandy loam field conduct that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter is high, irrigation condition is good, gas permeability is good
Planting site, after previous season crop harvesting, crop material is cut and is broken to 5cm, plowed soils 45cm, every mu apply 15kg farm manures and
30kg plant ash before plantation, then is ploughed shallowly once as base manure, then whole carefully to rake, and makees kind of a planting-line with North and South direction, upland rice and
Chinese yam is planted on the face of railway carriage or compartment；Described kind of planting-line width is 150cm, the long 800cm of furrow, and distance is 55cm between furrow and furrow, plays kind
Planting-line is highly 40cm；
（2）Variety selection：Select the hybridization upland rice fine quality that disease resistance is good, relatively precocious；Selection harvests, without disease pest then
Do harm to, have no mechanical damage, growing uniform stem tuber and make Chinese yam kind；
（3）The presoaking and germinating of Chinese yam kind：Make 1500 times of decoction seed soaking 10min of hectogram with 25%, pick up and dry, it is neat to stack storage
Hide, and by block seedling stem and into segment make marks before plantation, eye is unified upward during to plant, every section of weight 130g, and every section has 3
Individual eye；
（4）Sowing：
1. upland rice is sowed：Upland rice seed to be sowed in March, plantation hole is opened on kind of planting-line, the distance between hole and hole are 35cm,
Each plantation hole plants 5 plants of upland rice；Upland rice sowing, prior to seeding, basked seeds 2d in fine day, remove not plump paddy and debris, with clear
Water logging kind 24h, then with 300 times of strong chlorine oil or carbendazim solution seed soaking sterilization 24h, the seed after sterilization is washed dry with clear water
Only, to be advisable without flavour of a drug, soak seed 24h again after sterilization, and seed can be sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
2. Chinese yam is sowed：Mid-June, vertically drilled by single file using special drilling machine in reserved wide row in upland rice interpolation
Straw is filled up implantation hole by implantation hole, aperture 10cm, deep 100cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, and a little hack is covered in implantation hole, is planted
Enter step（3）Chinese yam seedling stem；
（5）Use sufficient Chinese yam base manure：In step（4）Base manure is made in application of being ditched around described implantation hole 10cm, and the base manure is fowl
Animal manure water, dose are every mu of 80kg, and blinding plays furrow；
（6）Field management：Draw seedling restocking and trimming, tillage and weeding, water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control including Chinese yam；Draw on seedling
Frame carries out trimming draws climing restocking when being Chinese yam height of seedling 20cm, and support is fence type, and each plant only stays a no disease and pests harm, growth
Healthy and strong branches and tendrils make main stem, and remaining prunes excision；
1. weeding：Tillage and weeding is carried out after upland rice plays the crop made between after seedling, growth animated period and harvest, tillage and weeding is every
Year 4 times, all shallow hoe of intertillage, removes planting site periphery weeds every time；The tillage and weeding all sprouts in 3~April, upland rice seedling for the first time
Afterwards；6~July, upland rice growth was very vigorous, and weeds also grow fast, carry out second of weeding；Third time is in 8~September；4th weeding
Carried out with reference to the upland rice harvested in advance, shallow hoe railway carriage or compartment face, root out weeds；
2. water and fertilizer management：After each tillage and weeding using fowl and animal excrement top dressing once, every mu imposes 50kg, in addition in Chinese yam height of seedling
When growing to 10cm, 500 times of effective microorganisms(EM) insect prevention liquid is once diluted to branches and leaves sprinkling, in the blossom fall latter stage of upland rice, from upland rice and Huaihe River
The root on mountain sprays the effective microorganisms(EM) dilution of 500 times；The watering in time of weather arid is met, wherein during 7~September arid, sooner or later
A water is respectively poured, rainy season dredges ditch and excludes planting base ponding in time；
3. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Diseased plant is extracted in time and removes planting base；In the rainy season hair of spring and summer in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Raw water drainage waterproof in time；Diseased plant excavation carries out pouring root with 0.3kg limewash after removing and disinfected；
（7）Harvest：9~October, upland rice came to the ripening period, and was uniformly layered on straw on planting site after harvest upland rice, then often
Mu 65kg poultrys liquid dung accelerates straw corrosion and is used as Chinese yam fertilizer；Chinese yam stem tuber fully expanded and come to the ripening period January next year
Harvesting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Selection of land site preparation：Select the sandy loam field conduct that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter is high, irrigation condition is good, gas permeability is good
Planting site, after previous season crop harvesting, crop material is cut and is broken to 4.5~5cm, 35~40cm of plowed soils, every mu applies 10
~15kg farm manures and 25~30kg plant ash before plantation, then are ploughed shallowly once as base manure, then whole carefully to rake, with north and south
Kind of a planting-line is made in direction, and upland rice and Chinese yam are planted on the face of railway carriage or compartment；Described kind of planting-line width is 130~150cm, furrow length 700~
800cm, distance is 35~45cm between furrow and furrow, and it is highly 35~37cm to play kind of a planting-line；
（2）Variety selection：Select the hybridization upland rice fine quality that disease resistance is good, relatively precocious；Selection harvests, without disease pest then
Do harm to, have no mechanical damage, growing uniform stem tuber and make Chinese yam kind；
（3）The presoaking and germinating of Chinese yam kind：Make 1500 times of decoctions 6~9min of seed soaking of hectogram with 25%, pick up and dry, it is neat to stack storage
To hide, and by block seedling stem and into segment make marks before plantation, eye is unified upward during to plant, every section of 110~120g of weight, and often
Section has 2~3 eyes；
（4）Sowing：
1. upland rice is sowed：Sow upland rice seed in March, open plantation hole on kind of planting-line, the distance between hole and hole for 33~
35cm, each plantation hole plant 3~4 plants of upland rice；Upland rice sowing, prior to seeding, bask seeds 1.5~2d, remove not plump in fine day
Paddy and debris, with 18~24h of Seed soaking, then with 300 times of strong chlorine oil or carbendazim solution seed soaking 18~24h of sterilization, disappear
Seed clear water wash clean after poison, to be advisable without flavour of a drug, soak seed 24h again after sterilization, and seed can be sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
2. Chinese yam is sowed：Mid-June, vertically drilled by single file using special drilling machine in reserved wide row in upland rice interpolation
Implantation hole, aperture is 8~10cm, deep 95~100cm, and spacing in the rows is 22~25cm, and straw is filled up into implantation hole, covered in implantation hole
A little hack, implantation step（3）Chinese yam seedling stem；
（5）Use sufficient Chinese yam base manure：In step（4）Base manure is made in application of being ditched around described 6~9cm of implantation hole, and the base manure is
Poultry liquid dung, dose are every mu of 60~70kg, and blinding plays furrow；
（6）Field management：Draw seedling restocking and trimming, tillage and weeding, water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control including Chinese yam；Draw on seedling
Frame carried out when being Chinese yam 17~19cm of height of seedling trim draws climing restocking, support is fence type, each plant only stay a no disease and pests harm,
The branches and tendrils of robust growth make main stem, and remaining prunes excision；
1. weeding：Tillage and weeding is carried out after upland rice plays the crop made between after seedling, growth animated period and harvest, tillage and weeding is every
Year 4 times, all shallow hoe of intertillage, removes planting site periphery weeds every time；The tillage and weeding all sprouts in 3~April, upland rice seedling for the first time
Afterwards；6~July, upland rice growth was very vigorous, and weeds also grow fast, carry out second of weeding；Third time is in 8~September；4th weeding
Carried out with reference to the upland rice harvested in advance, shallow hoe railway carriage or compartment face, root out weeds；
2. water and fertilizer management：After each tillage and weeding using fowl and animal excrement top dressing once, every mu imposes 35~45kg, in addition in Chinese yam
When height of seedling grows to 6~9cm, 450~500 times of effective microorganisms(EM) insect prevention liquid is once diluted to branches and leaves sprinkling, in the blossom fall latter stage of upland rice,
The effective microorganisms(EM) dilution of 350~450 times is sprayed from the root of upland rice and Chinese yam；The watering in time of weather arid is met, wherein 7~
During September arid, a water is respectively poured sooner or later, and rainy season dredges ditch and excludes planting base ponding in time；
3. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Diseased plant is extracted in time and removes planting base；In the rainy season hair of spring and summer in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Raw water drainage waterproof in time；Diseased plant excavation carries out pouring root with 0.2~0.3kg limewash after removing and disinfected；
（7）Harvest：9~October, upland rice came to the ripening period, and was uniformly layered on straw on planting site after harvest upland rice, then often
Mu 50~60kg poultrys liquid dung accelerates straw corrosion and is used as Chinese yam fertilizer；Chinese yam stem tuber fully expanded and come to the ripening period January next year
It can harvest.
In summary, the present invention using upland rice plant is shorter and upright and Chinese yam after planting seedling stage is less demanding to illumination
Feature, early rice the middle and late growth stage interplanting Chinese yam, ahead of time Chinese yam implantation time, solve because continuous cropping and caused by pest and disease damage cause Huaihe River
Mountain yields poorly, ropy problem, can improve yield, list ahead of time, and obtain preferable economic benefit.The present invention to upland rice with
Chinese yam is scientifically and rationally interplanted, and has both improved the utilization rate in arable land, improves Chinese yam and the yield and quality of paddy again,
Having a large population, area is the effective measures for solving economic benefit and grain-production land used contradiction less in arable land.The present invention is using intertillage
Weeding, top dressing carry out field management with the mode that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is combined, and can not only be provided reasonably for upland rice and Chinese yam
Nutritional ingredient, while the effect of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is played, prevention effect is notable, avoids being handled using chemical pesticide, and
It is easy to operate, be easily managed, pest and disease damage is small, safety and environmental protection, production cost are low, has saved production cost, has saved manpower, improve
The yield and quality of Chinese yam and paddy, the economic value of upland rice and Chinese yam is improved, solve cultivation by soil, soil condition
The problem of limitation and selenium content are low, environmental pollution is serious, is worthy of popularization.
The preferred embodiment of invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, all spirit in the present invention
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of early rice interplants Chinese yam cultivation method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
（1）Selection of land site preparation：Select the sandy loam field conduct that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter is high, irrigation condition is good, gas permeability is good
Planting site, after previous season crop harvesting, crop material is cut and is broken to 4~5cm, plowed soils 30~45cm, every mu apply 5~
15kg farm manures and 20~30kg plant ash before plantation, then are ploughed shallowly once as base manure, then whole carefully to rake, with the South and the North
To kind of a planting-line is made, upland rice and Chinese yam are planted on the face of railway carriage or compartment；
（2）Variety selection：Select the hybridization upland rice fine quality that disease resistance is good, relatively precocious；Selection harvests, without disease pest then
Do harm to, have no mechanical damage, growing uniform stem tuber and make Chinese yam kind；
（3）The presoaking and germinating of Chinese yam kind：Make 1500 times of decoctions 5~10min of seed soaking of hectogram with 25%, pick up and dry, it is neat to stack
Storage, and by block seedling stem and into segment make marks before plantation, eye is unified upward during to plant, every section of 100~130g of weight, and
Every section has 1~3 eye；
（4）Sowing：
1. upland rice is sowed：Sow upland rice seed in March, open plantation hole on kind of planting-line, the distance between hole and hole for 30~
35cm, each plantation hole plant 2~5 plants of upland rice；
2. Chinese yam is sowed：Mid-June, vertically drilled by single file using special drilling machine in reserved wide row in upland rice interpolation
Implantation hole, aperture is 6~10cm, deep 90~100cm, and spacing in the rows is 20~25cm, and straw is filled up into implantation hole, covered in implantation hole
A little hack, implantation step（3）Chinese yam seedling stem；
（5）Use sufficient Chinese yam base manure：In step（4）Base manure is made in application of being ditched around described 5~10cm of implantation hole, and blinding plays furrow；
Field management：Draw seedling restocking and trimming, tillage and weeding, water and fertilizer management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control including Chinese yam；
1. weeding：Tillage and weeding is carried out after upland rice plays the crop made between after seedling, growth animated period and harvest, tillage and weeding is every
Year 4 times, all shallow hoe of intertillage, removes planting site periphery weeds every time；
2. water and fertilizer management：After each tillage and weeding using fowl and animal excrement top dressing once, every mu imposes 30~50kg, in addition in Chinese yam
When height of seedling grows to 5~10cm, 400~500 times of effective microorganisms(EM) insect prevention liquid is once diluted to branches and leaves sprinkling, at the blossom fall end of upland rice
Phase, the effective microorganisms(EM) dilution of 300~500 times is sprayed from the root of upland rice and Chinese yam；The watering in time of weather arid is met, wherein
During 7~September arid, a water is respectively poured sooner or later, and rainy season dredges ditch and excludes planting base ponding in time；
3. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Diseased plant is extracted in time and removes planting base；
（7）Harvest：9~October, upland rice came to the ripening period, and was uniformly layered on straw on planting site after harvest upland rice, then often
Mu 45~65kg poultrys liquid dung accelerates straw corrosion and is used as Chinese yam fertilizer；Chinese yam stem tuber fully expanded and come to the ripening period January next year
It can harvest.
A kind of 2. early rice interplanting Chinese yam cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（1）, it is described
Kind planting-line width is 120~150cm, and furrow grow 500~800cm, and distance is 35~55cm between furrow and furrow, plays kind of a planting-line and is highly
35~40cm.
A kind of 3. early rice interplanting Chinese yam cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（4）, it is described
Upland rice is sowed, and prior to seeding, is basked seeds 1~2d in fine day, removes not plump paddy and debris, with 12~24h of Seed soaking, then with 300
Times strong chlorine oil or carbendazim solution seed soaking sterilization 12~24h, the seed clear water wash clean after sterilization, using without flavour of a drug as
Preferably, soak seed 24h again after sterilization, and seed can be sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
A kind of 4. early rice interplanting Chinese yam cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（5）, it is described
Base manure is poultry liquid dung, and dose is every mu of 50~80kg.
A kind of 5. early rice interplanting Chinese yam cultivation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In step（6）, it is described
Draw in field management and carry out trimming draws climing restocking when seedling restocking is Chinese yam 16~20cm of height of seedling, support is fence type, each plant
A no disease and pests harm, the branches and tendrils of robust growth is only stayed to make main stem, remaining prunes excision.
A kind of 6. early rice interplanting Chinese yam cultivation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In step（6）, it is described
Tillage and weeding is for the first time in 3~April, after upland rice seedling all sprouts；6~July, upland rice growth was very vigorous, and weeds also grow fast, carry out the
Secondary weeding；Third time is in 8~September；4th weeding combines the upland rice harvested in advance and carried out, and shallow hoe railway carriage or compartment face, roots out weeds.
A kind of 7. early rice interplanting Chinese yam cultivation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In step（6）, it is described
Water drainage waterproof in time occurs in spring and summer rainy season in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Diseased plant excavation is entered after removing with 0.1~0.3kg limewash
Row pouring root is disinfected.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109496664A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-22 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of interplanting method of mango and upland rice |
| CN111328629A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Ganoderma lucidum mountain rice symbiotic cultivation method |
| CN117243018A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-12-19 | 赣州市农业科学研究所(赣州市烟草科学研究所) | Screening method of drought-enduring special rice seeds |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103960014A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Method for cultivating winter-planting potatoes |
| CN103999651A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-08-27 | 陈秋 | Cultivation method for early season rice interplanted yams |
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- 2017-08-24 CN CN201710735449.6A patent/CN107548904A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103999651A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-08-27 | 陈秋 | Cultivation method for early season rice interplanted yams |
| CN103960014A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Method for cultivating winter-planting potatoes |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109496664A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-22 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of interplanting method of mango and upland rice |
| CN111328629A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Ganoderma lucidum mountain rice symbiotic cultivation method |
| CN117243018A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-12-19 | 赣州市农业科学研究所(赣州市烟草科学研究所) | Screening method of drought-enduring special rice seeds |
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