CN109089958A - A method of C. guichenoti parent population is cultivated using hull original position running water - Google Patents
A method of C. guichenoti parent population is cultivated using hull original position running water Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089958A CN109089958A CN201810843563.5A CN201810843563A CN109089958A CN 109089958 A CN109089958 A CN 109089958A CN 201810843563 A CN201810843563 A CN 201810843563A CN 109089958 A CN109089958 A CN 109089958A
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- hull
- ship
- guichenoti
- cabinet
- parent population
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for cultivating C. guichenoti parent population using hull original position running water, and step is: (1) hull is transformed: the fishing for having tonnage and cabin area or transport ship are transformed into the cabinet that parent population is raised and train;(2) hull is placed: improved hull being placed in the place from riverbank, hull is stable and ship cabinet water coke slurry is smooth;(3) parent population collects and puts in a suitable place to breed: selection is launched in ship cabinet after being disinfected with strong chlorine oil without injured, physically fit individual from the C. guichenoti that fisherman catches;(4) feedstuff feeding: feed is respectively fed in early, evening;(5) fish disease is prevented: the flood season feeds pharmaceutical chemistry, and vitamin is added on feed base;It splashes disinfection and sterilization drug strong chlorine oil in ship cabinet, prevents disease.It is easy to implement the method, it is easy to operate, it effectively overcomes pond, net cage, indoor circulation water system etc. and cultivates easy dead, gonadal maturation degree difference the drawback of C. guichenoti parent population, established solid foundation for artificial reproductive success.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture fields, are more particularly to a kind of utilization hull original position running water cultivation C. guichenoti parent population
Method, including hull transformation, hull place, reserve parent fish collect with put in a suitable place to breed, feedstuff feeding and fish disease prevent, be particularly suitable for
The parent fish rearing of C. guichenoti artificial propagation.
Background technique
C. guichenoti (Coreius guichenoti) is subordinate to Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes), Cyprinidae
(Cyprinidae) , Minnow subfamily (Gotiongiae), copper fish category produce Drifting egg, are a kind of river migration type fish, sexual gland
Development height depends on the special habitats of Jinsha jiang River middle and lower reaches.In recent years, with the developing operation step by step of Jinsha jiang River step hydropower station,
C. guichenoti habitat is reduced, and migration access denial, natural propagation is by a degree of influence.Early stage resource investigation hair
Existing, C. guichenoti oviposition scale is remarkably decreased, and population existence faces a crisis.Artificial propagation acquisition is carried out by cultivating mature brood fish
Extensive fry is released, and is the important measures of C. guichenoti population conservation.
Currently, the parent fish rearing mode of C. guichenoti is mainly pond, net cage, indoor circulation water system etc., but it is susceptible to suffer from
Ich, survival rate is low, and gonad development situation is poor, and artificial propagation success rate is low.The present invention is cultivated using hull original position running water
C. guichenoti parent population can meet the environmental condition and nutritional condition of C. guichenoti growth and development, reduce disease incidence, criticized
The mature parent of amount is the key point that its artificial propagation succeeds.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of method for cultivating C. guichenoti parent population using hull original position running water, sides
Method is easy, easy to operate, effectively overcome pond, net cage, indoor circulation water system etc. cultivate C. guichenoti parent population it is easily dead,
The drawback of gonadal maturation degree difference establishes a kind of method for effectively cultivating C. guichenoti mature brood fish, is its artificial propagation
Solid foundation is successfully established.
To achieve the goals above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of C. guichenoti parent population being cultivated using hull original position running water, the steps include:
(1) hull is transformed: will have certain tonnage and cabin area (10m2More than) fishing or transport ship be transformed into it is suitable
The cabinet that parent population is raised and train is closed, the ship cabinet depth of water is preferably controlled in 2.2~2.8m, communicated in ship body side, bottom hole with water body.
(2) hull is placed: improved hull being placed in the place from 18~22m of riverbank, guarantees hull stabilization and ship
Cabinet water coke slurry is smooth.
(3) reserve parent fish is collected and put in a suitable place to breed: selection is without injured, physically fit from the C. guichenoti that fisherman catches
Body is launched after being disinfected with strong chlorine oil in ship cabinet, 3~5 tail small dimension other fish of every 10 tail C. guichenoti mixed breeding.
The strong chlorine oil is the efficient oxidation type that a kind of appearance is white crystals powderyBiocidal algae-killing agent。
(4) feedstuff feeding: it is artificial when morning (5:00~7:00), late (17:00~20:00) colour of sky are darker respectively to feed logical prestige
Mixed feed (protein content 36% or so) 1 time, feeding volume are the 1~2% of fish body weight.
(5) fish disease is prevented: flood season or season alternation phase, feeding pharmaceutical chemistry, 0.1% dimension is added on feeding feed base
Raw element C;It splashes disinfection and sterilization drug strong chlorine oil in ship cabinet, prevents disease.
Pass through the technical measures of above-mentioned five steps: it is crucial that step (1), carries out according to C. guichenoti ecological habit
Hull transformation, using hull original position running water type of rearing, compared with pond, indoor circulation water system, nurturing an environment more meets circle
Mouth copper fish nature growth and development environment.Cultivation is Yangtze River Water with water, there is biggish water exchange capacity, and water temperature is the natural water temperature in the Changjiang river,
The temperature difference is small, temperature control is not present, and water quality is excellent, not only ensure that cultivation water environment, but also has saved cultivation cost.With traditional net cage
Mode is compared, and net cage is not easily molded in the biggish river section of flow velocity and is easily flushed away, feedstuff feeding yet bad control.Present invention training
Educating the ship cabinet depth of water is 2.2m, and every square metre of ship body side and bottom drill 100 or so, aperture 1.5cm, and hull is set
In the waters of C. guichenoti NATURAL DISTRIBUTION, the irritability of fish is reduced, guarantees that water exchanges smooth with river in ship cabinet, has larger
Water exchange capacity, reduce the incidence of disease, nurturing an environment is conducive to growth and the gonad development of C. guichenoti parent population.According to
Method provided by the invention, the C. guichenoti parent population high survival rate of cultivation up to 90% or more, therefrom chose to the IV end of term by gonad development
4 tail rauns and 6 tail milters are selected to hasten parturition, the ovum and sperm quality of acquisition are high, acquisition fertilized eggs about 40,000, spawning rate 100%,
75% or more rate of fertilization.
The present invention has the following advantages that and remarkable result compared with art methods:
(1) present invention is using hull original position running water type of rearing, compared with pond, indoor circulation water system, cultivates
Environment more meets C. guichenoti nature growth and development environment.Cultivation is Yangtze River Water with water, there is biggish water exchange capacity, and water temperature is length
The right water temperature of the sky over the river, the temperature difference is small, temperature control is not present, and water quality is excellent, not only ensure that cultivation water environment, but also has saved cultivation cost.
Compared with traditional net cage mode, net cage is not easily molded in the biggish river section of flow velocity and is easily flushed away, feedstuff feeding yet bad control
System.
(2) hull that the present invention uses is transformed according to C. guichenoti ecological habit, and Ship Structure is conducive to round mouth copper
The growth of fish parent fish and gonad development.C. guichenoti is benthic fishes, extremely sensitive to small melonworm, and the ship cabinet depth of water preferably controls
2.5m or so, in its side and bottom hole, so that the intracorporal water of ship case and river exchange capacity are big, water quality and water temperature are more stable,
And ich evil substantially reduces, C. guichenoti parent population energy normal growth and gonad development.
(3) parent fish rearing later period (3~June) of the present invention feeds self-control feed and carries out fortification, and bath thorn daily
Swash 8~10h, promotes parent population gonadal maturation.
Based on the above advantage, the present invention effectively improves the survival rate of C. guichenoti parent fish rearing, promotes round mouth copper
The gonad development of fish parent fish, available sexual gland are developed to the mature parent of IV phase, and the ovum grain of extrusion is full, are in cinerous, sperm
Meeting water can activate and vigorous exercise, provide mature parent's guarantee for the success of C. guichenoti artificial propagation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of transformation hull integral planar structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of cultivation ship box body bottom structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a kind of cultivation ship body side structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a kind of transformation hull pictorial diagram.
Fig. 5 is a kind of mature brood fish schematic diagram of method that C. guichenoti parent population is cultivated using hull original position running water.
Fig. 6 is a kind of gonad development schematic diagram of method that C. guichenoti parent population is cultivated using hull original position running water.
Fig. 7 is a kind of fertilized eggs schematic diagram that cultivation C. guichenoti parent artificial induced spawning obtains.
Wherein: between 1- directorial area, the culture zone 2-, 3- fore area, the first sealed compartment of 4-, 5- feed, 6- lounge,
Between 7- experiment, between 8- storing, the pavement 9-, 10- ship cabinet, the second sealed compartment of 11-, 12- above water, 13- it is permeable
Hole.
Specific embodiment
Transformation hull is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of transformation hull integral planar structural schematic diagram provided by the invention is as shown in Figure 1, remodel a vessel including management
Area 1, culture zone 2 and fore area 3.
Directorial area 1 is equipped with the first sealed compartment 4, according to regimen and cultivation needs, adjusts hull water level, the ship cabinet depth of water is best
Control reduces interference of the external environment to C. guichenoti parent population, reduces stress reaction in 2.5m or so, it is ensured that the stabilization of hull,
The safety of personnel and the healthy growth of C. guichenoti are raised and train, mating period can carry out artificial induced spawning work on the top of sealed compartment;
5 between feed, it is laid with plank on the ground, fish meal sealing will be cultivated and be placed in plank preservation, room keeps dry and ventilated, avoids raising
Material goes mouldy;Lounge 6, during C. guichenoti parent fish rearing, the personnel that raise and train stand fast at always feedstuff feeding, fish body observation, fish
Work, remaining time such as disease prevention are on duty in lounge;7 between experiment, it is equipped with title, microscope, fish medicine, syringe, refrigerator, mortar
Deng the measurements, the inspections and examinations of fish disease, drug such as C. guichenoti parent population Basic of Biology data such as weight, body length, overall length can be carried out
Preparation etc.;8 between storing, the sundries such as dredger, basin, bucket are placed.
2 size of culture zone are as follows: length × width × height=24m × 6m × 2.7m, culture zone are made of 8 cultivation ship cabinets 10,
Ship box sizes are as follows: length × width × height=5.5m × 2.5m × 2.7m, every square metre put 500g or so in a suitable place to breed C. guichenoti 10~
20 tails, other fish of every 10 tail C. guichenoti mixed breeding small individual of 3~5 tails;Ship box body bottom structure schematic diagram as shown in Fig. 2,
Every square metre drills 100 or so, aperture 1.5cm, and permeable hole 13 can guarantee that ship cabinet communicates and has biggish with river in situ
Water exchange capacity avoids the excrement generated during parent fish rearing, residual bait etc. from polluting water quality, causes the raising of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite etc.
Reserve parent fish growth, development are adversely affected;Ship body side structural schematic diagram is as shown in figure 3, the ship cabinet depth of water is
2.2m, above water 12 are 0.5m, and every square metre drills 100 or so, aperture 1.5cm, with ship bottom of box drilling purpose one
It causes, so that nurturing an environment is conducive to growth and the gonad development of C. guichenoti parent population.9 width of pavement is 0.25~0.4m, side
Just personnel's feedstuff feeding, fish body observation etc. are raised and train, guarantees the safety smoothly implemented and raise and train personnel for cultivating work.
Fore area 3 is equipped with the second sealed compartment 11, and effect is consistent with the first sealed compartment 4, and main to adjust hull water level, top is put
It is equipped with generator, to prevent having a power failure, day commonly uses cloth and covers.
Embodiment 1:
A method of C. guichenoti parent population being cultivated using hull original position running water, the steps include:
1, hull is transformed: will have certain tonnage and cabin area (10m2More than) fishing or transport ship be transformed into it is suitable
The ship cabinet that parent population is raised and train.Hull remodel a vessel by 5 between directorial area 1, culture zone 2, fore area 3, the first sealed compartment 4, feed, stop
8, pavement 9, ship cabinet 10, the second sealed compartment 11 form between 7, storing 6 between breath, between experiment, and connection relationship is: culture zone 2
It is connected respectively with directorial area 1, fore area 3, directorial area 1 includes 7, storing between 5, lounge 6 between the first sealed compartment 4, feed, experiment
Between 8,7, culture zone 2 is connected the first sealed compartment 4 between lounge 6, experiment respectively, and lounge 6 is 5, first close between feed respectively
Batten down 4 is connected, and 7 the 8, first sealed compartment 4 is connected between storing respectively between experiment, and culture zone 2 is made of 8 ship cabinets 10, each ship
Cabinet 10 is mutually connected, and is equipped with pavement 9 in ship cabinet 10, the second sealed compartment 11 is connected with ship cabinet 10, in ship cabinet 10
Permeable hole 13 is arranged at side and bottom.Directorial area 1 is equipped with the first sealed compartment 4, according to regimen and cultivation needs, adjusts hull water level,
The ship cabinet depth of water is preferably controlled in 2.5m or so, reduces interference of the external environment to C. guichenoti parent population, reduces stress reaction, really
It protects the stabilization of hull, raise and train the safety of personnel and the healthy growth of C. guichenoti, mating period can carry out on the top of sealed compartment
Artificial induced spawning work;5 between feed, it is laid with plank on the ground, fish meal sealing will be cultivated and be placed in plank preservation, room keeps dry
Dry ventilation, avoids feed from going mouldy;Lounge 6, during C. guichenoti parent fish rearing, the personnel that raise and train stand fast at always feed throwing
Hello, fish body observation, fish disease prevention etc. work, remaining time it is on duty in lounge;7 between experiment, it is equipped with title, microscope, fish medicine, note
Emitter, refrigerator, mortar etc. can carry out the measurements, fish disease such as C. guichenoti parent population Basic of Biology data such as weight, body length, overall length
Inspections and examinations, the preparation of drug etc.;8 between storing, the sundries such as dredger, basin, bucket are placed.2 size of culture zone are as follows: length × width × height
=24m × 6m × 2.7m, culture zone are made of 8 cultivation ship cabinets 10, ship box sizes are as follows: and length × width × height=5.5m ×
2.5m × 2.7m, every square metre of 10~20 tail of C. guichenoti for putting 500g or so in a suitable place to breed, it is small that every 10 tail C. guichenoti raises together 3~5 tails
Other fish of individual;Ship box body bottom structure schematic diagram as shown in Fig. 2, every square metre drill 100 or so, aperture 1.5cm,
Permeable hole 13 can guarantee that ship cabinet communicates and have biggish water exchange capacity with river in situ, avoid the excrement generated during parent fish rearing
Just, residual bait etc. pollutes water quality, and the raising of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite etc. is caused to adversely affect reserve parent fish growth, development;Ship
For body side structural schematic diagram as shown in figure 3, the ship cabinet depth of water is 2.2m, above water 12 is 0.5m, every square metre of drilling 100
A or so, aperture 1.5cm is consistent with ship bottom of box drilling purpose, so that nurturing an environment is conducive to the life of C. guichenoti parent population
Long and gonad development.9 width of pavement is 0.25~0.4m, conveniently raises and train personnel's feedstuff feeding, fish body observation etc., guarantees to cultivate
The safety of work smoothly implemented and raise and train personnel.Fore area 3 is equipped with the second sealed compartment 11, and effect is consistent with the first sealed compartment 4,
Main to adjust hull water level, top is placed with generator, and to prevent having a power failure, day commonly uses cloth and covers.
2, hull is placed: C. guichenoti is extremely sensitive to ich, and hull riding position will have certain flow velocity, guarantees
Water exchanges smooth with river in ship cabinet, and the germs such as dirt and small melonworm are not easy to build up, and reduces the incidence of disease.Therefore, ship
Body places offshore 20m or so, and according to regimen and weather condition, adjusts hull riding position at any time, it is ensured that the stabilization of hull and
Raise and train the safety of personnel.
3, reserve parent fish is collected and is put in a suitable place to breed: it is selected from the C. guichenoti that fisherman catches without injured, physically fit individual,
After being carried out disinfection using strong chlorine oil, every square metre of 10~20 tail of C. guichenoti for putting 500g or so in a suitable place to breed suitably raises together other fish,
Other fish of every 10 tail C. guichenoti mixed breeding small individual of 3~5 tails.
4, feedstuff feeding: 1) cultivating initial stage, to shake down, restoring appetite, tame and docile food 3~5 times daily, after darkness, often
Food 1 time, each 30min or so is tamed and dociled every 2h, logical prestige artifical compound feed (crude protein 36%, crude fat 3%) is placed eat every time
Platform is tamed and dociled appetite and is fed according to the 30~40% of the fish amount of being satiated with food, and for continuous food of taming and dociling after 1 week, parent population has obvious feeding state, stops taming and dociling
Food;2) breeding phase, it is just bright in the morning for C. guichenoti (5:00~7:00) and i.e. by darkness (17:00~20:00) when ingest
It is vigorous, respectively at the two time points, by fish body weight 1~2% it is a small amount of repeatedly (feed 4 times or so, feed 20 every time~
30% forage volume) logical prestige artifical compound feed is fed, 30min is persistently fed to 1h;3) fortification stage, 3~June throw
Self-control feed is fed, logical prestige artifical compound feed is crushed, 1~2% vitamins is added thereto and is fabricated to after mixing
The feed granules of diameter 0.5cm (those skilled in the art can prepare);4) bath stimulation, while fortification,
8~10h of bath daily promotes parent population gonadal maturation.
5, fish disease is prevented: fishing for residual bait and sundries daily, it is ensured that water quality is excellent.Flood season or season alternation phase, water body
Middle impurity is more, water body is muddy, and disease easily occurs for fish body.Continuous 5 days of per two weeks fed pharmaceutical chemistry, according to 0.1% feedstuff feeding amount
Vitamin C is added, fish body immunity is enhanced;It splashes within every 7 days strong chlorine oil 2~3 times, prevents the generation of fish disease.
According to abovementioned technology, the environmental condition and nutritional condition of the growth of C. guichenoti parent population, development are met, is cultivated
C. guichenoti parent population high survival rate up to 90% or more, gonad development to the IV end of term;It therefrom selects 4 tail rauns and 6 tail milters is urged
Produce, the ovum grain of extrusion is full, be in cinerous, in water can fast spread, gently squeeze milter abdomen, have milky sperm stream
Out, sperm is met water and can be activated, and ovum and sperm quality are high;Artificial induced spawning acquisition fertilized eggs about 40,000, spawning rate 100%, by
Smart 75% or more rate.It can be seen that from spawning effect, cultivate C. guichenoti parent population new method with feasible using hull original position running water
Property and practicability, can provide mature parent for C. guichenoti artificial propagation.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for cultivating C. guichenoti parent population using hull original position running water, the steps include:
(1) hull is transformed: the fishing for having tonnage and cabin area or transport ship are transformed into the cabinet that parent population is raised and train, ship cabinet
The depth of water is controlled in 2.2~2.8m, is communicated in ship body side, bottom hole with water body;
(2) hull is placed: improved hull being placed in the place from 18~22m of riverbank, guarantees hull stabilization and ship cabinet
Water coke slurry is smooth;
(3) reserve parent fish is collected and put in a suitable place to breed: selection is used without injured, physically fit individual from the C. guichenoti that fisherman catches
It launches after strong chlorine oil disinfection treatment into ship cabinet, other small fish of mixed breeding specification;
(4) feedstuff feeding: logical prestige artifical compound feed 1 is respectively fed when early 5:00~7:00, evening 17:00~20:00 colour of sky are dark
Secondary: protein content 36%, feeding volume are the 1~2% of fish body weight;
(5) fish disease is prevented: flood season or season alternation phase, feeding pharmaceutical chemistry, 0.1% vitamin is added on feeding feed base
C;It splashes disinfection and sterilization drug strong chlorine oil in ship cabinet, prevents disease.
2. a kind of method for cultivating C. guichenoti parent population using hull original position running water according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the hull transformation is by (5), rest between directorial area (1), culture zone (2), fore area (3), the first sealed compartment (4), feed
Between (8) between (7), storing, pavement (9), ship cabinet (10), the second sealed compartment (11) composition, culture zone (2) point between (6), experiment
It is not connected with directorial area (1), fore area (3), directorial area (1) includes (5) between the first sealed compartment (4), feed, lounge (6), reality
Between testing between (7), storing (8), (7), culture zone (2) are connected the first sealed compartment (4) between lounge (6), experiment respectively, lounge
(6) (5), the first sealed compartment (4) are connected between feed respectively, (7) (8), the first sealed compartment (4) phase between storing respectively between experiment
Even, culture zone (2) are made of 8 ship cabinets (10), and each ship cabinet (10) is mutually connected, and pavement is equipped on ship cabinet (10)
(9), the second sealed compartment (11) is connected with ship cabinet (10), has permeable hole (13) in the side of ship cabinet (10) and bottom.
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CN112514835A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-19 | 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 | Double-body deep sea culture ship |
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