CN104396829A - Breeding method for fish fry - Google Patents

Breeding method for fish fry Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104396829A
CN104396829A CN201410727708.7A CN201410727708A CN104396829A CN 104396829 A CN104396829 A CN 104396829A CN 201410727708 A CN201410727708 A CN 201410727708A CN 104396829 A CN104396829 A CN 104396829A
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pond
fry
water
fish
breeding method
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李言节
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CHONGQING YUBEI DISTRICT LIYAN POULTRY CULTURING FARMS
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CHONGQING YUBEI DISTRICT LIYAN POULTRY CULTURING FARMS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding method for fish fry. The breeding method for the fish fry includes that S1, selecting a fish fry pond, wherein the mud at the pond bottom is soil, and the thickness is smaller than 20 centimeters; S2, cleaning and sterilizing the fish fry pond, to be specific, (1) cleaning the fish fry pond; (2) sterilizing, using quick lime, bleaching powder or pond cleaning agent to clean the pond, wherein the method of using quick lime to clean the pond includes cleaning the pond without water and cleaning the pond with water; S3, detecting the water quality of the pond before placing fish fry, to be specific, testing the drug toxicity, pest number and pond water fertility of the pond; S4, setting a released density; S5, cultivating palatable bait; S6, breeding, wherein the breeding method includes one or more of big grass breeding method, soybean milk breeding method and manure breeding method; S7, performing daily management, wherein the daily management comprises filling water, inspecting the pond and exercising fishing by stages. By means of the breeding method for the fish fry, the fish fry survival rate is improved, the breeding period is shortened, and the economical benefit is improved; the breeding method for the fish fry prepares enough material basis with high quality for the adult fish breeding.

Description

The breeding method of a kind of fry
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquatic animal cultural technique in raising field, be specifically related to the Cultivating techniques of a kind of fry.
Background technology
Fry grows to 0.5 ~ 0.8 point (very little) and makes crow young, when fry grows to total length 3 cm, is called summer flower fingerling; Summer flower nurture of fish fingerlings to be called when going out pond then by the end of December 1 age fingerling; Cultivate Second Year when going out pond winter, be called 2 age fingerling.Generally be referred to as fry and fingerling rearing cultivating entering pond from fry to 2 fingerlings in age this section of production process.Fry rearing and two stages of nurture of fish fingerlings can be divided into again therebetween.Fish are in the early stage of life in this period, have many Biological characteristics being different from adult fish, so need to take special, careful technical measures in this production process.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the breeding method of a kind of fry, the method makes the survival rate of fry and fingerling improve, and breeding cycle shortens, and economic benefit improves, and is also the superior material base of the good quantity sufficient quality of adult fish rearing Operational preparation.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A breeding method for fry, said method comprising the steps of:
S1: fry pond: described fry pond is arranged at area without shade, east-west, without weeds at the bottom of described pond, and is provided with deposition, and described deposition is loam, and thickness is less than 20 centimetres;
S2: the leveling and sterilizing of fry pond: 1. level fishpond: Chi Shui is drained and carries out Exposure to Sunlight, kill damage by disease and insect, and make loosing soil, dig out blocked up mud, accelerates organic matter decomposition, improves pond fertility; 2. sterilize: comprise that quicklime is cleaned up the pond, bleaching powder is cleaned up the pond or the eyeball pool defecates the pool, described quicklime is cleaned up the pond and is comprised the dry pool and clean up the pond and be with water to clean up the pond,
S3: check pond water quality before putting seedling: will check pond water quality for before putting seedling 1 ~ 3 day, the project of inspection comprises test pond drug toxicity, with or without pest and the fertile degree checking Chi Shui.
S4: fry breeding density: form summer flower fingerling by fry, puts 100,000 ~ 150,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; Form crow son by fry, put 150,000 ~ 200,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; When supporting summer flower by black son, every mu 30,000 ~ 50,000 tails;
S5: cultivate the agreeable to the taste bait before lower pond: after cleaning up the pond, water filling in about 1 week 50 ~ 60 centimetres before pond under fry, and in pond, discharge organic manure immediately to breed appropriate natural bait, according to the maturation time of different bait and the difference of reproduction speed, the natural bait occurred successively in described pond comprises protozoa, wheel animalcule, cladocera bait and copepoda bait;
S6: raising method: comprise one or more in large careless cultivating method, soya-bean milk cultivating method and muck cultivating method;
S7: daily management: 1. water filling by stages: when fry enters pond, the pond depth of water 50 ~ 70 centimetres; Then added water 1 time every 3 ~ 5 days, each note 10 ~ 15 centimetres is dark; 2. the pool is patrolled; 3. draw in the net to take exercise: should stop eating before drawing in the net, speed of drawing in the net wants slow, consistent with the swimming rate of fish, and to raise before net water with hand afterwards at net, impels fish to move about to net direction of advance, prevents fish consideration net.
Further, in step S1, described fry pond area is 0.067 ~ 0.2 hectare, the depth of water 1.5 meters.
In step S2, cleaning up the pond as first Chi Shui row being low to moderate 5 ~ 10 centimetres, add water in quicklime after in the described dry pool, evenly splashes immediately before not cooling to full pool side Yuan Hechi center; The method that described band water is cleaned up the pond is: when the depth of water 90 ~ 110 centimetres, is evenly splashed while hot by the quicklime dissolved slurry in pond.
Further, the quicklime consumption that clean up the pond in the described dry pool is 75 ~ 150,000 grams/acre; The quicklime consumption that described band water is cleaned up the pond is 150 ~ 250,000 grams/acre.
Further, in step S2, described bleaching powder clean up the pond for: Chi Shuipai is low to moderate 5 ~ 10 centimetres, after bleaching powder is dissolved with clear water in porcelain basin, splashes all over pond immediately, two days later can to water filling in pond, pond water filling can put fish after 1 week.
Further, in step S3, the method for described test pond drug toxicity is: from pond of cleaning up the pond, get a basin bottom water put a few tail fry, normal through fry life in 0.5 ~ 1 day, proves lack of toxicity, can put seedling; With or without the method for pest in described inspection pond: drag in the pool several times with fry net, as found a large amount of silkweed, using sulfated copper is killed, and suitably applies fertilizer, and also will remove if any other pests; The method of the fertile degree of described inspection Chi Shui is: claire water water colour, color is yellow green, faint yellow or canescence, and the transparency of Chi Zhongshui is 20 ~ 30 centimetres, Phytoplankton biomass 20 ~ 50 mg/litre.
Further, in step S6, described large careless cultivating method is: on fry pool side, shoal or four corner heaps amplify grass, treat that forage rots to decompose, water colour is gradually in breen, stirred a haystack every 1 ~ 2 day, impel nutrient to spread in the central water of pond, after 7 ~ 10 days, not perishable residue is pulled out.
Further, in step S6, described soya-bean milk cultivating method is: soybean with water soaked, soya-bean milk is worn into during nick to two panels cotyledon, soya-bean milk is sprinkled in pond again and carry out rich water and feed fish splashing 2 ~ 3 times every day, every mu of water surface with soya bean 3 ~ 4 kilograms of slurries worn into, need increase to 5 ~ 6 kilograms, increases in right amount more later according to water quality fertilizer degree every day after 5 days.
Further, in step S6, described muck cultivating method is: in poultry, brid guano urine or night soil, add quicklime carry out abundant fermentation maturity, and evenly splashed in backward for muck thin up full pond.
Further, in step S7, close net filtration need be used during water filling by stages, prevent wild fishes and insect from entering fishpond, avoid current directly to rush at the bottom of people pond simultaneously and make water muddy.
The invention provides the breeding method of a kind of fry, its beneficial effect mainly had is: the method makes the survival rate of fry and fingerling improve, and breeding cycle shortens, and economic benefit improves; Meanwhile, be also the superior material base of the good quantity sufficient quality of adult fish rearing Operational preparation; There is important using value.
Embodiment
The breeding method of a kind of fry described in the embodiment of the present invention, illustrates embodiment for specific experiment case below, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1: fry pond
The selection in fry pond: require the growth, the feeding and management that are beneficial to fry and draw in the net operation etc., preferably specifically should possess following condition: 1. have abundant water resources, note draining is convenient, and water quality is pure and fresh, without any pollution; Because fry is in cultivating process, water filling is at any time needed according to growing of fry and change water, the growth of guarantee fry.2. pond shape is neat, and best fishpond should face south, rectangle is east-west; This fishpond water temperature easily raises, and the photosynthesis of phytoplankton is comparatively strong, and phytoplankton breeding is vigorous, therefore; Favourable to fry growth.3. area and the depth of water are suitable for: area is 0.067 ~ 0.2 hectare, and the depth of water 1.5 meters is advisable; Area is excessive, and feeding and management is inconvenient, the more difficult regulable control of water quality fertilizer degree; Area is too small, and water temperature, change of water quality are difficult to control, and relative breeding density is little, and production efficiency is low.4. smooth at the bottom of pond, deposition thickness is less than 20 centimetres, without weeds; Mud is too much, and water quality is easily aging, and it is unfavorable that oxygen consumption crosses multipair fry, draws in the net inconvenient operation; Pasture and water absorption cell water nutrition salt, is unfavorable for the breeding of phytoplankton.5. dykes and dams are firm, and water-tight, substrate is best with loam, and sandy soil and clay are all not suitable for.Have the fishpond that crack leaks, easily form current, fry top current cluster, consume one's strength, impact is ingested and grows.
Embodiment 2: the leveling and sterilizing of fry pond
Level fishpond: carry out 1 time generally every year, preferably go out Chi Houhuo in autumn and carry out winter; Method is: first Chi Shui is drained, through Exposure to Sunlight, kill damage by disease and insect, and make loosing soil, and trimming simultaneously reinforces the Chi Geng damaged, crack of stopping up a loophole, and at the bottom of the smooth pool, uproot weeds, digs out blocked up mud, accelerates organic matter decomposition, improves pond fertility.Fry is put in a suitable place to breed and will carry out second time draining in first 1 month.Repair further after Exposure to Sunlight, create a good environmental condition to fry growth.
Medicine is cleaned up the pond: utilize medicine to kill wild fishes, harmful organisms, fish body parasite, pathogen, is the important measures that improvement water quality improves survival rate of fish fry; Clean up the pond and generally within 10 ~ 12 days before fry is put in a suitable place to breed, carry out, if the time is too early, when fry is put in a suitable place to breed, often can reappear some pests again; Time is excessively late, and drug toxicity does not also disappear and easily poisons fry with poison, or Chi Shui not yet grows fat, and plankton is short of, and affects fry growth.Leveling and sterilizing and generally must terminate before May 10 in northern fry pond.Cleaning up the pond, it is following several mainly to comprise:
1. quicklime is cleaned up the pond: it is the method for the most effective, most economical practicality that quicklime is cleaned up the pond.Action principle is: quicklime, after meeting water, chemical reaction occurs, release a large amount of heat energy, produce slaked lime, the ph value of Chi Shui is made to bring up to more than 11 rapidly at short notice, biological and the pathogene of wild fishes and the natural enemy of fish can be killed, quicklime is cleaned up the pond and the dry pool can be divided to clean up the pond and be with water to clean up the pond two kinds of methods, generally adopts the dry pool to clean up the pond method, and when water source inconvenience maybe cannot be arranged in Chi Shui, just band water is cleaned up the pond.
A. clean up the pond in the dry pool: first Chi Shui row is low to moderate 5 ~ 10 centimetres, at the bottom of pond, four-function digs some pittings, is poured into by quicklime in pitting, adds water after melting, and needless to say namely its cooling evenly splashes to full pool side Yuan Hechi center, and the amount of getting rid of is generally 75 ~ 150,000 grams/acre.In order to improve effect of cleaning up the pond, next day can with creeper by sediment of pond raking once, make quicklime dig fully mix with silt; The dry pool does not drain water when cleaning up the pond completely, otherwise kills not dead in loach brill people mud; In addition lime white and air long for time of contact, produce precipitation of calcium carbonate, do not have effect of cleaning up the pond.Even be therefore exposed to the sun completely dry pond through a winter, after entirely weeping evenly splash with lime white, also want to inject in pond 5 centimetres of dark water at once, allow quicklime fully chemical reaction occur.
B. water is with to clean up the pond; Be the depth of water about 1 meter, the lime white dissolved evenly is splashed while hot in pond.Consumption is generally 150 ~ 250,000 grams/acre.It is to be noted that a. cleans up the pond, quicklime used must be block, and the resting period can not be long, otherwise quicklime absorbs moisture in air and carbonic acid gas and pulverize is granular gradually calcium phosphate and losing efficacy; B. affect that quicklime cleans up the pond that the principal element of effect is that hardness of water, ph value, the quality of quicklime, operating technology, Chi Shui are how many, amount of sludge at the bottom of pond etc., quicklime consumption to be increased and decreased flexibly according to the change of these factors in production; Hardness of water is high, and ph value is low, the pond that mud is thick, should suitably increase quicklime consumption; C. the pond of putting fish in the alkaline large pond in saline and alkaline depressed place or pond and urgent need is built; Do not clean up the pond with quicklime and bleaching powder should be used instead and clean up the pond; D. clean up the pond and sunny calm weather will be selected to carry out, when meeting little wind, head of being in the wind spreads pesticides with the wind, will wear masks and gloves during operation, in order to avoid personal injury; E. remove quicklime after 3 ~ 4 days, then bed mud is stirred 1 time, make the quicklime of no reaction fully chemical reaction occur, in order to avoid play toxic action after putting fish; Then can to pond water filling.To clean up the pond after water filling 8 ~ 10 days with quicklime, fish could be put in pond.Benefit with quicklime is cleaned up the pond: quicklime can make ph value rise to more than 11 after meeting water, kills all living things, sterilization is thoroughly; Quicklime can make the structure of bed mud become loose, increases gas permeability, accelerates decomposition organic in mud owing to changing the colloidal structure of mud, by the nutritive element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium that bed mud adsorbs, can discharge a part, improve the fertile degree of Chi Shui; Calcium itself is the indispensable nutritive element of plant and animal, uses the effect that quicklime can play fertilising.Facts have proved, clean up the pond with quicklime, equal to have executed 1 fertilizer to pond, be equivalent to the fertilizer efficiency that every mu is executed 25 ~ 50 kilograms of barnyard manure; Organic acid during quicklime is all right and in mud, the content of carbonic acid gas in buffered water, makes the acid-base value that Chi Shui keeps stable, is that neutrality or emblem are alkaline, improves water quality, be conducive to fish growth; The sprouting of wheel animalcule winter egg can also be promoted, be conducive to zooplankton breeding; Muddy Chi Shui, can reduce pond water turbidity after using quicklime, be conducive to the breeding of phytoplankton.
2. bleaching powder is cleaned up the pond: the effect that bleaching powder is cleaned up the pond is similar to quicklime, and the property of medicine disappears fast, and the fishpond used being eager is more suitable; The oxygen that water produces hypochlorous acid and nascent state met by bleaching powder, can kill harmful organisms and bacterium, but do not have quicklime to improve the effect of water quality and fertilising.Bleaching powder consumption: band water is cleaned up the pond every mu of depth of water 1 meter of use 15 kilograms, and equal every cubic metre of use 20 grams (even if Chi Shui reaches 20ppm concentration), also can do pond and clean up the pond, every mu of consumption is 5 kilograms.Using method: Chi Shuipai is low to moderate 5 ~ 10 centimetres, after being dissolved by bleaching powder, splashes all over pond in porcelain basin immediately with clear water, two days later can to water filling in pond, and pond water filling can put fish after 1 week.Points for attention; The bleaching powder very easily moisture absorption decomposes, and the nascent oxygen of releasing has damage effect to metal, should be sealed in ceramic vessel when therefore preserving bleaching powder.Unavailable canister, is placed on the dry place of airing, prevents from losing efficacy.Operating personnel should wear masks the medicament and head of will being in the wind is splashed, with anti-poisoning and corrosion clothes.Before putting fish, the most handy examination water fish puts fish after testing again in a large number.
3. the eyeball pool defecates the pool: clean up the pond only in the eyeball pool adopting market Shang Yuyao manufacturer to produce, its advantage is that consumption is few, and labour intensity is little, is easy to operation, to wild fishes; All kinds of cause of disease seedling, parasite has extremely strong killing action, but the property of medicine disappears slowly, first need put examination water fish when putting fish.
Embodiment 3: check pond water quality before putting seedling
Within before putting seedling 1 ~ 3 day, to do pond water quality and check.Mainly comprise test pond drug toxicity, check in pond with or without pest or the fertile degree checking Chi Shui.
1. testing the pond drug toxicity method that whether disappears is from pond of cleaning up the pond, get a basin bottom water put a few tail fry, normal through fry life in 0.5 ~ 1 day, proves lack of toxicity, can put seedling.2. to check in pond with or without pest method it is drag in the pool several times with fry net, be commonly called as " drawing abortive haul "; As found a large amount of silkweed, using sulfated copper is killed, and suitably applies fertilizer, and also will remove if any other pests.3. the fertile degree claire water water colour of Chi Shui is checked, generally with yellow green, faint yellow, canescence (mainly wheel animalcule) as well.Pond fertilizer degree with as well medium, transparency 20 ~ 30 centimetres, Phytoplankton biomass 20 ~ 50 mg/litre; As Chi Shuizhong has a large amount of large-scale cladocera to occur, available 0.5ppm chlorophos, full pool spilling head, and suitably apply fertilizer.
Embodiment 4: breeding density
The breeding density of fry has a significant impact the growth rate of fry and survival rate.The excessive fry growth of density is slow or survival rate is lower, sends out pool overlong time, affects the time that next step fingerling is raised.Density is too small, although fry growth is very fast, survival rate is higher, and the waste pond water surface, the availability of fertilizer and bait is also low, makes cost up.The impact of breeding density on fry growth and survival rate is in fact the impact on fry of bait, activity space and water quality.Fry density is excessive, and bait is often not enough, activity space little when the later stage, fish length was large (particularly cultivate), and condition of water quality is poor, dissolved oxygen amount is low, therefore the growth of fry just comparatively slow, physique is more weak, causes survival rate to reduce.When determining breeding density, the situations such as source, fishpond condition, the morning and evening of putting the time in a suitable place to breed and feeding and management level should be adopted according to fry, water source, fertilizer and bait and grasping flexibly.
At present, fry rearing mostly adopts the form of monoculture, directly forms summer flower by fry, generally puts 100,000 ~ 150,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; Form crow son by fry, put 150,000 ~ 200,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; When supporting summer flower by black son, general breeding density is every mu 30,000 ~ 50,000 tails.In the north because frost-free season is short, in order to extend seed vegetative period, cultivate large size fingerling, various places generally utilize plastic greenhouse to carry out the mode of early numerous or Nan Miaobei fortune, do sth. in advance 15 ~ 20 days than traditional nursery, thus extend seed vegetative period.
Embodiment 5: cultivate the agreeable to the taste bait before lower pond
Under fry, Chi Shineng has dainty is one of key technology of fry rearing, is also the important ring improving survival rate of fish fry.Should draw attention in production practices.Concrete operations are after cleaning up the pond, water filling in about 1 week 50 ~ 60 centimetres before pond under fry, and in pond, discharge organic manure immediately to breed appropriate natural bait, and just can have enough agreeable to the taste food behind pond under fry, this method also claims on " under rich water the pool ".Its technical essential is to grasp suitable fertilization time, and after making fertilising, the breeding of floating material is just in time applicable to the needs that lower pond fish seedling is ingested.After the fertilising of pond, all kinds of zooplankton occurs, being first protozoa, is secondly wheel animalcule, is cladocera (bait) again, is finally copepoda (bait).This be due to its maturation time different with reproduction speed caused by; Fry is from the lower pool to total length 15 ~ 20 millimeters; The change of food prey size is generally: wheel animalcule and naupiar larva-small-sized cladocera-large-scale cladocera and copepoda.And the agreeable to the taste bait under fry during pond is wheel animalcule, therefore there is peak period that wheel animalcule breeds in pond just under fry when pond.The fry on so firm lower pool not only has sufficient agreeable to the taste bait, and also there is abundant agreeable to the taste food each developmental stage later.The growth and the survival rate that are conducive to fry are like this high.So in good time basal dressing and fry descend the pool to be the important key of foster good fry in good time.
Embodiment 6: the points for attention during pool under fry
Fry is put into when cultivating pond should note following item: 1. notice that can fry live on one's own life, and only has when fry grows fish glue inflation, can free swimming, can ingest extraneous food time can descend the pool.Otherwise the large quantities of death of fry is easily caused on the lower pool too early; 2. the fry of every transport, must first be placed on after fry supports temporarily and support temporarily in case, the more lower pool.The fry, the particularly long-distance fry transported of plastic sack oxygenation sealing transport, often containing more carbonic acid gas in blood, cause fry to be in and anaesthetize even comatose state.Visually observe, the fry majority in visible bag sinks to the bottom agglomerating.If this fry is directly descended the pool, survival rate is extremely low.Therefore, first should put into foster case temporarily and support about half an hour temporarily, and at the outer paddling Chi Shui of case, to increase water rhythm dissolved oxygen in case, carbonic acid gas too much in fry blood be excreted.When the fry energy cluster of supporting in case moves about against the current in case temporarily, the pool can be descended.3. first feeding before the pool under fry, to improve ability of looking for food under fry behind the pool and survival rate.Duck's egg is placed in boiling water and boils more than 1 hour, more old better.Then take out yolk, after double gauze parcel, in basin, rinsing goes out yolk water, evenly splashes into fry and supports in case temporarily, treat that fry on a full stomach, have a white line, can descend the pool in the visible fish body of naked eyes.Generally every 100,000 tail fries feed 1 Ovum Anas domestica yolk.Whether the toxicity of medicine of 4. noting cleaning up the pond disappears completely.Under fry before the pool, get a basin of bottom water from pond, put a few tail fry, examination supported half a day by 1 day.As movable in fry normal, prove that toxicity disappears, can seedling be put.5. notice that the temperature difference can not be too large.Water temperature residing before the pool under fry differs with pond water temperature can not more than 3 DEG C, otherwise, the water temperature in fry container should be regulated, make it move closer to after the water temperature of pond, the pool can be descended.6. note whether remaining harmful organisms in pond.1 ~ 3 time is drawn with close eye net, as found have harmful organisms, the sterilizations of must again cleaning up the pond such as a large amount of frog's egg, tadpole, aquatic insect or residual wild fishes in pond before breeding fish fry.7. as pond water overfertilization then should add a little new water.Zooplankton as medium-and-large-sized in pond is too much, and 2.5% chlorophos of available 1/1000000th ~ 1.5 is killed, and also can eat up macrozooplankton by every 1/15 hectare of bighead 20 ~ 30 tail putting 13 cm.Thereafter fry is put again after all being caught out by bighead.The container containing fry should be placed on lee when 8. descending the pool favours in water, allows fry oneself swim out of " have wind sky then should be in the wind place put seedling ", otherwise fry is easily pushed into bank or on the bank by stormy waves.
Embodiment 7: raising method
In the fry rearing stage, several cultured fishes are mainly food with zooplankton.The method of therefore cultivating, generally based on organic fertilizer material, supplements artitificial food of throwing something and feeding simultaneously.According to the difference of fertilization type, fry rearing method mainly comprises following several:
1. large careless cultivating method: the every nontoxic and plant that cauline leaf is tenderer of large grass general reference, comprises the careless class (as napier grass) etc. of Lay class and cultivation, is all used for rich water as large grass, cultivates plankton.Its concrete operations be pool side shoal or corner place heap execute, generally with about 150 kilograms for a pile; Treat that forage rots to decompose, water colour gradually in breen, stirred a haystack, impels nutrient to spread in the central water of pond every 1 ~ 2 day.After about 7 ~ 10 days, not perishable residue is pulled out.The amount of throwing grass is generally determined according to the kind of cultivating fry, executes water-based fish, and grass amount can be larger, as cultivated silver carp, bighead etc.; And cultivate the pond of Grass carps' fries, throwing grass amount can be less.The advantage of the method has: fertilizer source is wide, and cost is lower, easy and simple to handle, and the effect of rich water is comparatively strong, and plankton breeding is many.
2. soya-bean milk cultivating method: wear into soya-bean milk with soya bean and sprinkle in pond and carry out rich water and feed fish, has changed single soya-bean milk at present and has cultivated breeding method for soya-bean milk and organic manure combine.Facts have proved, a soya-bean milk part is directly ingested by fry, and major part then plays fertilizer, and breeding plankton, indirectly as the bait of fry.Must first soak before should noting soya bean defibrination in operating process, to two panels cotyledon, nick is good, and pulping rate is the highest.Leach bean dregs after soya-bean milk milled, throw something and feed immediately; Soya-bean milk is splashed must be even, on a small quantity repeatedly.Splash general every day 2 ~ 3 times, every mu of water surface with soya bean 3 ~ 4 kilograms of slurries worn into, need increase to 5 ~ 6 kilograms, increases in right amount more later according to water quality fertilizer degree every day after 5 days.Soya-bean milk cultivates fry method comparatively simply, and water quality fertilizer degree is more stable, and summer flower physique is strong, but soya bean usage amount is more, and cost is relatively high.
3. muck cultivating method: utilize each breeding stock, brid guano to urinate and night soil is used as the fertilizer in fry rearing pond, by abundant fermentation maturity in advance, evenly splashes backward for muck thin up full pond.Water colour must be looked fertilizing amount and interval time, fry raises the nose above water to breathe the grasp flexibly such as situation and weather.Under general fry, behind the pool, every day applies fertilizer 1 time, 50 ~ 100 kilograms every mu.The points for attention of this breeding method are that muck must, in advance through abundant fermentation maturity, avoid fresh excrement directly to apply pond.Generally dig a hollow place on limit, pond, it is neglected greatly respective concrete condition and determines, and then fresh excrement is poured in hole, add appropriate lime again, muck can be made like this to ferment, also can kill presumable part germ, parasite and parasitic ovum etc. in excrement, prevent or reduce transmission.
Except above-mentioned breeding method, also has hybrid composting cultivating method, straw pulp cultivating method, organic manure and inorganic fertilizer mixing cultivating method etc.The selection of breeding method will be suited measures to local conditions, and selects the method being applicable to self-condition, just can reach larger economic benefit.
Embodiment 8: daily management
1. water filling by stages: in fry feeding process, water filling is the effective measures accelerated fry growth and improve survival rate of fish fry by stages.The method of water filling is by stages: when fry enters pond, the pond depth of water 50 ~ 70 centimetres; Then added water 1 time every 3 ~ 5 days, each note 10 ~ 15 centimetres is dark.Need use close net filtration during water filling, prevent wild fishes and insect from entering fishpond, avoid current directly to rush at the bottom of people pond simultaneously and make water muddy, water injection time and quantity will be grasped flexibly according to pond liquid manure degree and weather condition.
2. patrol the pool: respectively patrol the pool in morning every day and afternoon 1 time, patrol the pool morning and will pay special attention to observe fry with or without floating head phenomenon, new water should be injected immediately if any floating head or take other measures.Frog's egg to be pulled out before sunrise in the morning, otherwise after sunrise, not easily find in frog's egg cascading water.Observe fry activity, grow and situation of ingesting, so that the fertilising of adjustment bait throwing in time quantity, eliminate harmful insect, harmful bird, pool side weeds etc. at any time.Timeliness coverage and treatment fish disease, carry out various record, so that constantly summing up experience.
3. control well water colour, water quality Chi Shui in green, yellow green, brown as well.Transparency is advisable with 25 ~ 30 centimetres.Easily there is the numerous life of the blue-green algaes such as Microcystis aeruginosa in the raising later stage, fish has eaten indigestion and has affected artificial feed of ingesting, and these fronds can produce toxin simultaneously, is harmful to fry and zooplankton, can float when being gathered in leeward, pond and splash above with quicklime by frond in the morning, be killed.To splash 2 ~ 3 days generally continuously, Microcystis aeruginosa can be killed.
Embodiment 9: draw in the net to take exercise and point pond
Draw in the net take exercise: under fry, the pool is after more than 20 day, has generally reached 3 cm, should and time-division pond proceed to the next stage fingerling cultivation.Will draw in the net before going out the pool to take exercise, the object of exercise is the physique strengthening fish, improves point pool and a transportation survival rate.Because draw in the net to make fish frightened, increase amount of exercise, harden muscles, and strengthen each organ dysfunction.Meanwhile, juvenile fish is together intensive, and the stimulation that is mutually squeezed impels a large amount of mucus of secretion and defecate, increases the ability of resist oxygen lack, can avoid a large amount of mucus and fecal pollution water quality in transportation, and this is very favourable to raising summer flower transportation survival rate.In addition, drawing in the net exercise can also find and eliminate sick and weak seedling, removes wild fishes, estimates fish number, is convenient to the arrangement of further work.Carry out about drawing in the net to take exercise when should select the morning 10 of fine day, weather is overcast and rainy, sultry and afternoon is all bad.Should stop eating before drawing in the net, speed of drawing in the net wants slow, consistent with the swimming rate of fish, and to raise before net water with hand afterwards at net, and impel fish travelling to net direction of advance, otherwise fish body is easily attached on the net, particularly draw in the net for the first time, fish physique is poor, more easily pastes net.First time draws in the net to be enclosed by summer flower in collection net, mentions etting, makes fish after intensive 10 ~ 20 seconds, put back to Yuan Chi at half afloat condition.As movable in summer flower normal, draw the second net every other day, after the shoal of fish is enclosed collection, move in net cage, make fish intensive in net cage, put back in pond through two hours.Within the intensive time, net cage must be made to move in water, and water of raising in case, in order to avoid fish raises the nose above water to breathe.To long-distance transport, third time should be carried out and draw in the net to take exercise.Draw in the net to temper the item that should note: one is to remove pasture and water and moss in pond before drawing in the net, and draws in the net or damage fish body with obstruction free.Two is that fish raised the nose above water to breathe same day or fall ill period, or weather is sultry, poor water quality and the fish that was fed through the same day should not draw in the net.Three is draw in the net to want slowly, and operation is careful; Can not be anxious for success, as found, fish raises the nose above water to breathe, paste serious or other abnormal conditions of net, should shut-down operation immediately, and fish is put back to fishpond.Four are that mud is many and the pond that water is shallow, new water of will annotating before drawing in the net.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, anyone for the present invention any modification done under enlightenment of the present invention or change, and every have identical with the application or akin technical scheme, all drops within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a breeding method for fry, is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
S1: fry pond: described fry pond is arranged at area without shade, east-west, without weeds at the bottom of described pond, and is provided with deposition, and described deposition is loam, and thickness is less than 20 centimetres;
S2: the leveling and sterilizing of fry pond: 1. level fishpond: Chi Shui is drained and carries out Exposure to Sunlight, kill damage by disease and insect, and make loosing soil, dig out blocked up mud, accelerates organic matter decomposition, improves pond fertility; 2. sterilize: comprise that quicklime is cleaned up the pond, bleaching powder is cleaned up the pond or the eyeball pool defecates the pool, described quicklime is cleaned up the pond and is comprised the dry pool and clean up the pond and be with water to clean up the pond,
S3: check pond water quality before putting seedling: will check pond water quality for before putting seedling 1 ~ 3 day, the project of inspection comprises test pond drug toxicity, with or without pest and the fertile degree checking Chi Shui.
S4: fry breeding density: form summer flower fingerling by fry, puts 100,000 ~ 150,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; Form crow son by fry, put 150,000 ~ 200,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; When supporting summer flower by black son, every mu 30,000 ~ 50,000 tails;
S5: cultivate the agreeable to the taste bait before lower pond: after cleaning up the pond, water filling in about 1 week 50 ~ 60 centimetres before pond under fry, and in pond, discharge organic manure immediately to breed appropriate natural bait, according to the maturation time of different bait and the difference of reproduction speed, the natural bait occurred successively in described pond comprises protozoa, wheel animalcule, cladocera bait and copepoda bait;
S6: raising method: comprise one or more in large careless cultivating method, soya-bean milk cultivating method and muck cultivating method;
S7: daily management: 1. water filling by stages: when fry enters pond, the pond depth of water 50 ~ 70 centimetres; Then added water 1 time every 3 ~ 5 days, each note 10 ~ 15 centimetres is dark; 2. the pool is patrolled; 3. draw in the net to take exercise: should stop eating before drawing in the net, speed of drawing in the net wants slow, consistent with the swimming rate of fish, and to raise before net water with hand afterwards at net, impels fish to move about to net direction of advance, prevents fish consideration net.
2. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S1, and described fry pond area is 0.067 ~ 0.2 hectare, the depth of water 1.5 meters.
3. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S2, and cleaning up the pond as first Chi Shui row being low to moderate 5 ~ 10 centimetres, add water in quicklime after in the described dry pool, evenly splashes immediately before not cooling to full pool side Yuan Hechi center; The method that described band water is cleaned up the pond is: when the depth of water 90 ~ 110 centimetres, is evenly splashed while hot by the quicklime dissolved slurry in pond.
4. the breeding method of fry according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the quicklime consumption cleaned up the pond in the described dry pool is 75 ~ 150,000 grams/acre; The quicklime consumption that described band water is cleaned up the pond is 150 ~ 250,000 grams/acre.
5. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S2, described bleaching powder clean up the pond for: Chi Shuipai is low to moderate 5 ~ 10 centimetres, after bleaching powder is dissolved with clear water in porcelain basin, splash all over pond immediately, two days later can to water filling in pond, pond water filling can put fish after 1 week.
6. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S3, the method for described test pond drug toxicity is: from pond of cleaning up the pond, get a basin bottom water put a few tail fry, normal through fry life in 0.5 ~ 1 day, prove lack of toxicity, can seedling be put; With or without the method for pest in described inspection pond: drag in the pool several times with fry net, as found a large amount of silkweed, using sulfated copper is killed, and suitably applies fertilizer, and also will remove if any other pests; The method of the fertile degree of described inspection Chi Shui is: claire water water colour, color is yellow green, faint yellow or canescence, and the transparency of Chi Zhongshui is 20 ~ 30 centimetres, Phytoplankton biomass 20 ~ 50 mg/litre.
7. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S6, described large careless cultivating method is: on fry pool side, shoal or four corner heaps amplify grass, treat that forage rots to decompose, water colour is gradually in breen, stirred a haystack every 1 ~ 2 day, impel nutrient to spread in the central water of pond, after 7 ~ 10 days, not perishable residue is pulled out.
8. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S6, described soya-bean milk cultivating method is: soybean with water soaked, soya-bean milk is worn into during nick to two panels cotyledon, soya-bean milk is sprinkled in pond again and carry out rich water and feed fish splashing 2 ~ 3 times every day, every mu of water surface with soya bean 3 ~ 4 kilograms of slurries worn into, need increase to 5 ~ 6 kilograms, increases in right amount more later according to water quality fertilizer degree every day after 5 days.
9. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S6, and described muck cultivating method is: in poultry, brid guano urine or night soil, add quicklime carry out abundant fermentation maturity, and evenly splashed in backward for muck thin up full pond.
10. the breeding method of fry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S7, need use close net filtration during water filling by stages, prevents wild fishes and insect from entering fishpond, avoids current directly to rush at the bottom of people pond simultaneously and makes water muddy.
CN201410727708.7A 2014-12-03 2014-12-03 Breeding method for fish fry Pending CN104396829A (en)

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CN105340790A (en) * 2015-09-23 2016-02-24 贺显明 Hybrid culture method for ocean fish
CN105557593A (en) * 2016-01-18 2016-05-11 广德县清元水产养殖专业合作社 Method for achieving household small-area grass carp farming
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CN106069890A (en) * 2016-06-12 2016-11-09 长江大学 A kind of Cirrhina molitorella offspring seed cultivation method
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104719214A (en) * 2015-04-10 2015-06-24 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 Summer-pond-leaving-young-tor-brevifilis double-pond breeding method
CN104996338A (en) * 2015-07-23 2015-10-28 融水县融荣水产品养殖专业合作社 Natural biological fertilization water
CN105340790A (en) * 2015-09-23 2016-02-24 贺显明 Hybrid culture method for ocean fish
CN105557593A (en) * 2016-01-18 2016-05-11 广德县清元水产养殖专业合作社 Method for achieving household small-area grass carp farming
CN106063469A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-11-02 长阳友生清江鱼种苗有限责任公司 A kind of onychostoma simus offspring seed cultivation method
CN106063469B (en) * 2016-05-19 2019-01-29 长阳友生清江鱼种苗有限责任公司 A kind of onychostoma simus offspring seed cultivation method
CN106069890A (en) * 2016-06-12 2016-11-09 长江大学 A kind of Cirrhina molitorella offspring seed cultivation method
CN106900603A (en) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-30 云南凤泓渔业有限公司 A kind of fry cultural method
CN107018930A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-08-08 柳州市应和养殖场 A kind of prevention and controls of carp fry doctylogyrosis
CN115583736A (en) * 2022-04-01 2023-01-10 江苏世邦生物工程科技有限公司 Method for ecologically restoring black and odorous water body by utilizing compound microbial inoculant

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