CN109089813A - A kind of Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit implantation methods suitable for the Northeast - Google Patents
A kind of Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit implantation methods suitable for the Northeast Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089813A CN109089813A CN201811158121.3A CN201811158121A CN109089813A CN 109089813 A CN109089813 A CN 109089813A CN 201811158121 A CN201811158121 A CN 201811158121A CN 109089813 A CN109089813 A CN 109089813A
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- peanut
- fresh fruit
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- northeast
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods suitable for the Northeast's plantation Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit, belong to agricultural plantation technology field.Method provided by the invention includes the following steps: a kind of method suitable for the Northeast's plantation Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit, includes the following steps: that 10~April of (1) April 20 sowed peanut seed into Nutrition Soil, and depth of planting is 1.5~3.5cm;(2) after planting, controlled at 12~20 DEG C, 15~25d of nursery obtains peanut seedling;(3) peanut seedling is transplanted to crop field, controlled at 8 DEG C~20 DEG C, implements field management to 10 days~August of August 20th, harvesting obtains Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit.The present invention carries out peanut nursery ahead of time, using the growing nursery and culture method of science, can harvest Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit in early or mid August, increase production and improve productivity significant, play important impetus to northeast Peanut Industry Development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit implantation methods suitable for the Northeast.
Background technique
Peanut nutrition is abundant, the plant egg in seed benevolence containing 40%~58% plant fat and 24%~36% or so
It is white, also containing the nutrition such as various vitamin and minerals and amino acid, oleic acid, fatty acid, resveratrol, dietary fiber at
Point, and be easily absorbed by the human body, it can match in excellence or beauty with some animal foods such as meat, milk, be known as " Vegetable meat " and " green ox
Cream ".
With the improvement of people's living standards, the nutritive value for Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit of cooking gradually obtains public approval.Chinese medicine is recognized
For the effect of peanut is mild-natured, sweet in flavor, there is happy spleen stomach function regulating, and moistening lung for removing phlegm, clearing stop malaria.There is delicious flavour, food after peanut is cooked
The features such as with facilitating, is welcomed by consumers.In recent years, have become the delicacies on people's dining table, market prospects are very wide
It is wealthy.Especially into summer, the Northeast boils peanut demand and sharply increases, and fresh fruit is mainly from south two crops a year or two at this time
Years three ripe equal areas are introduced, and the price of sale is high compared with autumn harvest price, and at this time the produced peanut in the Northeast by
Climatic effect does not enter the stage of ripeness.It is analyzed from market conditions, in August to the Northeast during September, it is own to be badly in need of production
Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit.
Summary of the invention
The problem of in view of background technique, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fresh foods suitable for the Northeast
Peanut cultivation method, shifts to an earlier date picking time.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides it is a kind of suitable for the Northeast plantation Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit method,
Include the following steps:
(1) April, 10~April 20 sowed peanut seed into Nutrition Soil, and depth of planting is 1.5~3.5cm;
(2) after planting, controlled at 12~20 DEG C, 15~25d of nursery obtains peanut seedling;
(3) peanut seedling is transplanted to crop field, controlled at 8 DEG C~20 DEG C, implements field management to August 10th
~August 20 days, harvesting obtained Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit.
Preferably, peanut seed selects mound L8 kind in the step (1).
Preferably, peanut seed is basked seeds 1~4d prior to seeding in the step (1), and bask seeds 2~8h daily.
Preferably, in the step (1) Nutrition Soil include following mass parts component: 15~25 parts of turf, sandy loam or
50~70 parts of topsoil soil, 0.5~3 part of perlite, 0.5~3 part of urea, 1~4 part of potassium sulfate, 1~5 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), carbendazim
1~5 part of 0.01~0.1 part, farmyard manure or organic fertilizer and 5~20 parts of water.
Preferably, sowing carries out in non-woven fabrics nutritive cube in the step (1), and 1 peanut is sowed in each nutritive cube
Seed.
Preferably, the bore of the nutritive cube is 6~10cm.
Preferably, nursery carries out in greenhouse or the arched shed for being stamped plastic film in the step (2).
Preferably, remove nutritive cube after step (3) transplanting.
Preferably, after the step (3) transplanting, enter knit stitch phase top dressing of blooming in peanut, impose per acre urea 5~
10kg, 3~8kg of potassium sulfate.
Preferably, the water content of the big Tanaka's soil of step (3) is 60% or more of field capacity.
The utility model has the advantages that including the following steps: the present invention provides a kind of method suitable for the Northeast's plantation Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit
(1) April, 10~April 20 sowed peanut seed into Nutrition Soil, and depth of planting is 1.5~3.5cm;(2) after planting, it controls
Temperature processed is 12~20 DEG C, and 15~25d of nursery obtains peanut seedling;(3) peanut seedling is transplanted to crop field, control temperature
Degree is 8 DEG C~20 DEG C, implements field management to 10 days~August of August 20th, harvesting obtains Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit.The present invention carries out ahead of time
Peanut nursery can be harvested Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit in early or mid August, be increased production and improved productivity significant, to northeast using the growing nursery and culture method of science
Peanut Industry Development plays important impetus.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the nursery pond schematic diagram in 1 step of the embodiment of the present invention (3) nursery work.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit implantation methods suitable for the Northeast, include the following steps:
(1) April, 10~April 20 sowed peanut seed into Nutrition Soil, and depth of planting is 1.5~3.5cm;
(2) after planting, controlled at 12~20 DEG C, 15~25d of nursery obtains peanut seedling;
(3) peanut seedling is transplanted to crop field, controlled at 8 DEG C~20 DEG C, implements field management to August 10th
~August 20 days, harvesting obtained Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit.
The present invention first sows peanut seed into Nutrition Soil.
In the present invention, the peanut seed is preferably high grease, high protein, high-yield disease resisting type edible peanut kind, more
Preferably " abundant L8 ".In the present invention, the peanut seed is preferably basked seeds 1~4d prior to seeding, and more preferably bask seeds 2~3d;Often
Its time basked seeds is preferably 2~8h, more preferably 5~6h.The operation of basking seeds is carried out in the case where peanut retains pod,
Select plumpness good after peanut husking after basking seeds, not damaged, flawless, without big granule, Kernel of Peanut conduct bright in colour
Seed, seed benevolence bud ratio are high.
In the present invention, the Nutrition Soil preferably includes the component of following mass parts: 15~25 parts of turf, sandy loam are ploughed
Layer native 50~70 parts, 0.5~3 part of perlite, 0.5~3 part of urea, 1~4 part of potassium sulfate, 1~5 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), carbendazim
1~5 part of 0.01~0.1 part, farmyard manure or organic fertilizer and 5~20 parts of water.It is furthermore preferred that the Nutrition Soil include 20 parts of turf,
Sandy loam or topsoil native 60 parts, 1 part of perlite, 1 part of urea, 1.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.04 part of carbendazim, agriculture
3 parts of family's fertilizer or organic fertilizer and 10.46 parts of water.Nutrition Soil of the present invention has the function of good water-retaining effect, is conducive to soil
Nutritional ingredient is absorbed and utilized in the stabilization of environment and crop, can sow early promotion seedling in seed and generate.
In the present invention, the date of the sowing is preferably 10~April 20 April, more preferably 14~April of April
18 days.The depth of the sowing is preferably 1.5~3.5cm, more preferably 1.8~2.2cm.The sowing is preferably sought in non-woven fabrics
It supports and is carried out in alms bowl, the bore of the non-woven fabrics nutritive cube is preferably 6~10cm, more preferably 7~8cm.Non-woven fabrics nutritive cube has
Conducive to the protection during subsequent transplanting to root system.In the present invention, 1 peanut seed is preferably sowed in each nutritive cube.
After planting, the present invention carries out nursery.
In the present invention, the temperature of the nursery is 12 DEG C~20 DEG C, preferably 14~18 DEG C.Control the mesh of nursery temperature
Be guarantee seedling normal development.The nursery preferably carries out in greenhouse or the arched shed for being stamped plastic film.The nursery
Time is preferably 15~25d, more preferably 18~22d.After the end of nursery, the peanut seedling for putting on display 4 leaves is obtained.
The present invention will transplant peanut seedling to crop field, implement field management until harvesting.
In the present invention, the temperature of the transplanting is 8~20 DEG C, preferably 12~16 DEG C.The suitable temperature of present invention selection
Degree transplants peanut seedling, is avoided that low temperature damages plant.Seedling after transplanting preferably removes nutritive cube, avoids
Limitation of the nutrition bowl to Peanut Root System growing space.In the present invention, the soil moisture content in the crop field is preferably that field is held
60% or more of water.The present invention is not particularly limited the concrete operations of field management, this field routine peanut cultivation process
In field management method.
In the present invention, peanut enters knit stitch phase of blooming and preferably carries out top dressing.The top dressing preferably imposes urea and sulfuric acid
Potassium.It is calculated by dosage per acre, the amount of imposing of the urea preferably 5~10kg, more preferably per acre 7.5kg per acre;The sulphur
The amount of imposing of sour potassium preferably 3~8kg, more preferably per acre 5kg per acre.
In the present invention, the time of the harvesting is preferably 10 days~August of August 20, more preferably 14 days~August of August
16 days.
It is detailed to a kind of Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit implantation methods progress suitable for the Northeast provided by the invention below with reference to embodiment
Thin explanation, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) seed cleaning: selection high oleic acid peanut strain mound L8, sow before selection the fine day morning 9 when, by pod shine 5h~
6h even shines 2d~3d, selects plumpness good when peeling off, not damaged, flawless, without big granule, and Kernel of Peanut bright in colour is made
Seed, seed benevolence bud ratio is up to 95% or more.
(2) matrix prepares: selection earth's surface topsoil soil, sieving processing.Mixed proportion are as follows: grass is added in 60% earth's surface topsoil soil
Charcoal 20%, perlite 1%, urea 1%, potassium sulfate 1.5%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 3%, carbendazim 0.04, decomposed sheep dung 3%, water
10.46%, mixing for standby use.
(3) nursery works: on April 16th, 2018, nursery use bore for the non-woven fabrics nutritive cube of 7cm~8cm, will prepare
Good Nutrition Soil is uniformly fitted into nutritive cube, is neatly put the nutritive cube for installing Nutrition Soil, to be earthed up around nursery pond, prevents
Water loss waters to nursery pond, never broad irrigation, slowly to water repeatedly, fully penetrated to moisture in nutritive cube
Afterwards, 1 peanut is sowed in each nutritive cube, depth is 2cm or so.Moisture management is after planting carried out, prevents nutritive cube arid.It educates
The setting of Miao Chi is as shown in Figure 1, wherein serial number 1 indicates non-woven fabrics nutritive cube;Serial number 2 indicates depth of planting;Serial number 3 indicates kind
Son;Serial number 4 indicates ridging soil moisture conservation;Serial number 5 indicates plastic film and bracket.
(4) seedling raising environment: using arched shed as seedling raising environment, after nursery, layer of plastic film is covered on nutritive cube, is reached
To heat insulation effect, have heat preservation, ventilation, light transmission, the conditions such as pour water in canopy.
(5) method for transplanting: April 26, peanut started to emerge, and stopped watering at this time, when peanut grows to 4 leaves, May 2
Day is transplanted, and the extraneous lowest temperature is 8 DEG C at this time;Selection drains convenient sandy soil, manually wades out furrow, by fresh branches and leaves of peanut seedling from
It is taken out in nutritive cube, then whole balled transplanting is poured water;It after water all infiltration, earths up to the seedling of transplanting, with dew
The first side shoot of fresh branches and leaves of peanut seedling is advisable out, and (ridging is excessive, has an impact to peanut yield, how shallow earths up, is unfavorable for peanut root to water
The absorption of part).
(6) field management: entering in peanut on May 31 after transplanting and bloom the knit stitch phase, carries out mid-term top dressing at this time, chases after per acre
Urea 7.5kg is applied, potassium sulfate 5kg is applied with furrow;Cultivation and banking is then carried out, gynophore is promoted to bury;If soil moisture content is
60% (contain 60%) of field capacity below when should spray in time, other disease pest and weeds prevent and treat equivalent field management.
(7) harvest time: August harvest peanut on the 15th, peanut maturity is up to 70% or more at this time.
Comparative example 1
On May 15th, 2018, uniline Ridged plant, 45~50cm of row spacing, the high 10~12cm in ridge, monoseeding, hill spacing 7cm
~9cm, 3~5cm of earthing, other disease pest and weeds prevent and treat equivalent field management, and August harvest on the 15th, which is surveyed, to be produced.
Comparative example 2
On May 15th, 2018, uniline Ridged plant, 45~50cm of row spacing, the high 10~12cm in ridge, monoseeding, hill spacing 7cm
~9cm, 3~5cm of earthing, other disease pest and weeds prevent and treat equivalent field management, and September harvest on the 16th, which is surveyed, to be produced.
Effect analysis:
(1) agronomy and output results are analyzed
Divided by peanut plant character to 2 different disposal of embodiment 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example and pod fresh weight
Analysis, economical character and yield result are shown in Table 1.
The transplanting of table 1 and conventional seed planting economical character and Yield comparison
The September 16 of culturing and transplanting seedlings were harvested at August 15th it can be seen from the economical character of table 1 peanut and conventional seed planting
The fresh fruit economical character that day harvests is essentially identical, and conventional seed planting time peanut pod is not up to maturation at this time.From yield result
Analysis, the fresh fruit weight for transplanting acquisition is close with the numerical value routinely harvested, and difference is not significant.
(2) Economic and Efficiency Analysis
The local market of farm produce of investigation and large supermarket's fresh peanut price, Fuxin Area, China August 15th, fresh peanut flat fare
Lattice are 15 yuan/kg, with per mu yield 346.5kg/666.7m2It calculates, per mu yield benefit is 5197.5 yuan;And September fresh peanut on the 18th is average
Price is 8 yuan/kg, with per mu yield 351.2kg/666.7m2It calculates, per mu yield benefit is 2809.6 yuan;Harvest per mu yield in 1 month in advance increases
2387.9 yuan of effect, synergy is significant.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method suitable for the Northeast's plantation Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit, which comprises the steps of:
(1) April, 10~April 20 sowed peanut seed into Nutrition Soil, and depth of planting is 1.5~3.5cm;
(2) after planting, controlled at 12~20 DEG C, 15~25d of nursery obtains peanut seedling;
(3) peanut seedling is transplanted to crop field, controlled at 8 DEG C~20 DEG C, implements field management to August 10 days~8
The moon 20, harvesting obtain Efficiency of Peanut as Fresh Fruit.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein peanut seed selects mound L8 kind in the step (1).
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1) peanut seed bask seeds 1 prior to seeding~
4d, bask seeds 2~8h daily.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein Nutrition Soil includes following mass parts in the step (1)
Component: 50~70 parts of 15~25 parts of turf, sandy loam or topsoil soil, 0.5~3 part of perlite, 0.5~3 part of urea, potassium sulfate 1
1~5 part of~4 parts, 1~5 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.01~0.1 part of carbendazim, farmyard manure or organic fertilizer and 5~20 parts of water.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) in sowing in non-woven fabrics nutritive cube into
Row, each nutritive cube is interior to sow 1 peanut seed.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the bore of the nutritive cube is 6~10cm.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein nursery is in greenhouse in the step (2) or to be stamped plastics thin
It is carried out in the arched shed of film.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein removing nutritive cube after the step (3) transplanting.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein entering knit stitch of blooming in peanut after the step (3) transplanting
Phase top dressing imposes 5~10kg of urea, 3~8kg of potassium sulfate per acre.
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the big Tanaka's soil of step (3) is field water holding
60% or more of amount.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111280009A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-16 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Peanut seedling early sowing method |
CN111657068A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-15 | 劲牌有限公司 | Method for breeding epimedium seedlings |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102428805A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-05-02 | 王长林 | High-yield cultivation method of peanut |
CN103570415A (en) * | 2012-08-12 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏新港金源化肥有限公司 | Production method of special base fertilizer for peanuts |
CN107231917A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-10 | 合肥徽慕农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield peanut implantation methods |
-
2018
- 2018-09-30 CN CN201811158121.3A patent/CN109089813A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102428805A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-05-02 | 王长林 | High-yield cultivation method of peanut |
CN103570415A (en) * | 2012-08-12 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏新港金源化肥有限公司 | Production method of special base fertilizer for peanuts |
CN107231917A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-10 | 合肥徽慕农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield peanut implantation methods |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111280009A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-16 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Peanut seedling early sowing method |
CN111657068A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-15 | 劲牌有限公司 | Method for breeding epimedium seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20181228 |