CN109077201A - 一种复合蔬菜汁饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁23‑27份、番茄汁6‑10份、黄瓜汁18‑22份、西芹汁1‑3份、蔗糖5‑8份、柠檬酸0.1‑0.4份、果胶酶0.8‑1.4份、纤维素酶0.2‑0.4份、果胶0.18‑0.2份、卡拉胶0.1‑0.4份、黄原胶0.1‑0.3份和水26.90‑45.52份制备成。复合蔬菜汁饮料经蔬菜原料预处理并酶解制汁、复合蔬菜汁的制备等工序精加工而成。本发明提供的蔬菜汁饮料制备工艺简单,独特配方结合酶解工艺使蔬菜汁风味改善、营养价值提高且利于人体吸收,最终复配出的蔬菜汁饮料符合健康营养美味要求,品质稳定,适用于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饮料的技术领域,特别是一种复合蔬菜汁饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
胡萝卜(Daucus carota)富含胡萝卜素、维生素、矿物质、氨基酸等多种营养物质,其中胡萝卜素含量比其他蔬菜高出30倍以上,可在人体内转化为维生素A,具有养眼护眼、润肤抗皱、延缓衰老等功效。番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)含丰富的维生素、钙、铁、锌等成分,不仅具有减肥瘦身、消除疲劳、增进食欲等功效,还能预防血管硬化。黄瓜(Cucumis sativus Linn)富含多种糖类、游离氨基酸及蛋白质等人体必需的营养成分,具有清热解毒、润肺美容等功效。西芹(Apium graveolens Linn)的营养成分丰富,其维生素、胡萝卜素以及钙、铁、磷等矿物质含量高,具有抗氧化、降血糖及预防高血压等功效。
目前市面上已有一些蔬菜汁饮料,但存在着口感差、分层沉淀及营养不均衡等缺点,大众接受度低。常规方法生产的胡萝卜汁、番茄汁、黄瓜汁、西芹汁,蔬菜出汁率低,口感单调,营养不够全面,加工及贮藏过程中还容易出现蔬菜汁沉淀、分层等问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的,是提供一种主要是由胡萝卜、番茄、黄瓜、西芹为原料的复合蔬菜汁饮料以解决蔬菜原料搭配单一、营养不够全面、出汁率低、产品口感风味差、产品稳定性差等问题。
本发明的另一目的,是提供一种主要是由胡萝卜、番茄、黄瓜、西芹为原料的复合蔬菜汁饮料的制备方法。
采用的技术方案是:
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁23-27份、番茄汁6-10份、黄瓜汁18-22份、西芹汁1-3份、蔗糖5-8份、柠檬酸0.1-0.4份、果胶酶0.8-1.4份、纤维素酶0.2-0.4份、果胶0.18-0.2份、卡拉胶0.1-0.4份、黄原胶0.1-0.3份和水26.90-45.52份制备成。
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1、蔬菜原料预处理及酶解制汁:
1)、 胡萝卜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜艳、无病虫害的胡萝卜清洗、切分,在0.5%90℃柠檬酸溶液中预煮3min,以钝化酶的活性,防止汁液褐变和凝聚,且能够提高出汁率和改善风味,然后碱液去皮,将胡萝卜浸泡在5%95℃的NaOH溶液中2min;
取出胡萝卜,搓去表皮,清水洗净,沥干后进行切片(厚度1-2mm),按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.3-0.5份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
2)、番茄汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜红、无病虫害和香味浓郁的番茄,除去果柄花萼,清水洗净,在90℃水中预煮1min,以提高出汁率、钝化酶活性,然后移入组织捣碎机打浆15~20s,并在浆液中加入果胶酶0.1-0.3份,30℃下酶解40min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
3)、黄瓜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、饱满、无病虫和机械损伤的黄瓜,切去果柄和根部,清水洗净,去皮并切分成块(厚度2-4mm)后迅速移入0.1%柠檬酸溶液中进行护色处理,然后在85℃水中预煮2min,以钝化酶的活性、提高出汁率,按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.4-0.6份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
4)、西芹汁的制备:
选取新鲜、无病虫害的西芹,清水洗净,去除根部及坏损处,切分成块(厚度2-4mm),并迅速移入2%抗坏血酸钠溶液中进行护色处理,然后在95℃水中预煮5min,以钝化酶活性、提高出汁率,按料液体积比2:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入纤维素酶0.2-0.4份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
2、复合蔬菜汁的制备:
取步骤1制备好的胡萝卜汁23-27份、番茄汁6-10份、黄瓜汁18-22份、西芹汁1-3份混合均匀,再加入蔗糖5-8份、柠檬酸0.1-0.4份、果胶0.18-0.2份、卡拉胶0.1-0.4份、黄原胶0.1-0.3份,加26.90-45.52份水稀释调配混匀,在转速5000r/min的条件下离心20min。然后在20MPa压力条件下均质1-2次,均质时间控制在1.0-1.5min。在95℃条件下高温灭菌20min,待冷却至42-45℃进行无菌灌装、密封,即得。
本发明的优点在于:
1. 本发明原料中的胡萝卜富含胡萝卜素、维生素、矿物质、氨基酸等多种营养物质,其中胡萝卜素含量比其他蔬菜高出30倍以上,可在人体内转化为维生素A,具有养眼护眼、润肤抗皱、延缓衰老等功效。番茄含丰富的维生素、钙、铁、锌等成分,不仅具有减肥瘦身、消除疲劳、增进食欲等功效,还能有效预防血管硬化及癌症等疾病。黄瓜富含多种糖类、游离氨基酸及蛋白质等人体必需的营养成分,具有清热解毒、润肺美容等功效。西芹的营养成分丰富,其维生素、胡萝卜素以及钙、铁、磷等矿物质含量高,具有抗氧化、预防高血压及降血糖等功效。
2. 混合蔬菜汁味道特殊,一般不容易被接受,本发明采用酶解及调味的方法在蔬菜汁饮料的口感、风味上做了改进。将果胶酶和纤维素酶应用于制汁工艺中,单因素试验确定四种蔬菜酶解的最佳条件,正交设计试验确定各原料的最佳酶解工艺。采用蔗糖、柠檬酸进行调味,产品口感风味均大幅提升、产品稳定性也得到增强。
3. 香气是影响蔬菜汁品质高低的另一重要因素,容易在加工过程中损失,在蔬菜汁中添加酶制剂,可使其风味前体物水解来提升蔬菜汁香气,最终得到的复合蔬菜汁饮料香味浓郁。
4. 蔬菜汁在加工和贮藏过程中容易发生分层沉淀现象,本发明在制汁过程中进行了酶解处理,以分解蔬菜中所含的果胶和纤维素等物质,防止沉淀的发生;其后又应用离心、均质技术进行处理,以提高稳定性从而进一步防止饮料沉淀、浑浊的发生。
5. 以新鲜胡萝卜、番茄、黄瓜、西芹为原料,独特配方结合酶解工艺将原料中营养成分最大程度地保留下来,使蔬菜汁的风味改善、营养价值提高且更利于人体吸收,最终复配出健康营养美味的蔬菜汁饮料;制备出来的饮料品质稳定,适用于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例一
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁23份,番茄汁6份,黄瓜汁18份,西芹汁1份、蔗糖5份、柠檬酸0.1份,果胶酶0.8份、纤维素酶0.2份、果胶0.18份、卡拉胶0.1份、黄原胶0.1份和水45.52份制备成。
实施例二
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁25份,番茄汁8份,黄瓜汁20份,西芹汁2份、蔗糖6.5份、柠檬酸0.25份,果胶酶1.1份、纤维素酶0.3份、果胶0.19份、卡拉胶0.25份、黄原胶0.2份和水36.21份制备成。
实施例三
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁27份,番茄汁10份,黄瓜汁22份,西芹汁3份、蔗糖8份、柠檬酸0.4份,果胶酶1.4份、纤维素酶0.4份、果胶0.2份、卡拉胶0.4份、黄原胶0.3份和水26.9份制备成。
实施例四
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)、蔬菜原料预处理及酶解制汁:
胡萝卜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜艳、无病虫害的胡萝卜清洗、切分,在0.5%90℃柠檬酸溶液中预煮3min,以钝化酶的活性,防止汁液褐变和凝聚,且能够提高出汁率和改善风味,然后碱液去皮,将胡萝卜浸泡在5%95℃的NaOH溶液中2min;
取出胡萝卜,搓去表皮,清水洗净,沥干后进行切片(厚度1-2mm),按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.3-0.5份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
番茄汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜红、无病虫害和香味浓郁的番茄,除去果柄花萼,清水洗净,在90℃水中预煮1min,以提高出汁率、钝化酶活性,然后移入组织捣碎机打浆15~20s,并在浆液中加入果胶酶0.1-0.3份,30℃下酶解40min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
黄瓜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、饱满、无病虫和机械损伤的黄瓜,切去果柄和根部,清水洗净,去皮并切分成块(厚度2-4mm)后迅速移入0.1%柠檬酸溶液中进行护色处理,然后在85℃水中预煮2min,以钝化酶的活性、提高出汁率,按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.4-0.6份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
西芹汁的制备:
选取新鲜、无病虫害的西芹,清水洗净,去除根部及坏损处,切分成块(厚度2-4mm),并迅速移入2%抗坏血酸钠溶液中进行护色处理,然后在95℃水中预煮5min,以钝化酶活性、提高出汁率,按料液体积比2:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入纤维素酶0.2-0.4份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
2)、复合蔬菜汁的制备:
取步骤1制备好的胡萝卜汁23-27份、番茄汁6-10份、黄瓜汁18-22份、西芹汁1-3份混合均匀,再加入果胶0.18-0.2份、卡拉胶0.1-0.4份、黄原胶0.1-0.3份、蔗糖5-8份、柠檬酸0.1-0.4份,加26.90-45.52份水稀释调配混匀,在转速5000r/min的条件下离心20min;然后在20MPa压力条件下均质1-2次,每次均质时间控制在1.0-1.5min;在95℃条件下高温灭菌20min,待冷却至42-45℃进行无菌灌装、密封,即得。
实施例五
一种复合蔬菜汁饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1、蔬菜原料预处理及酶解制汁:
1)、 胡萝卜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜艳、无病虫害的胡萝卜清洗、切分,在0.5%90℃柠檬酸溶液中预煮3min,然后将胡萝卜浸泡在5%95℃的NaOH溶液中2min;
取出胡萝卜,搓去表皮,清水洗净,沥干后进行切片(厚度1-2mm),按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入0.4份果胶酶,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
2)、番茄汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜红、无病虫害和香味浓郁的番茄,除去果柄花萼,清水洗净,在90℃水中预煮1min,然后移入组织捣碎机打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.2份,30℃下酶解40min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
3)、黄瓜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、饱满、无病虫和机械损伤的黄瓜,切去果柄和根部,清水洗净,去皮并切分成块(厚度2-4mm)后迅速移入0.1%柠檬酸溶液中进行护色处理,然后在85℃水中预煮2min,按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.5份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
4)、西芹汁的制备:
选取新鲜、无病虫害的西芹,清水洗净,去除根部及坏损处,切分成块(厚度2-4mm),并迅速移入2%抗坏血酸钠溶液中进行护色处理,然后在95℃水中预煮5min,按料液体积比2:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入纤维素酶0.3份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得。
2、复合蔬菜汁的制备:
取步骤1制备好的胡萝卜汁25份、番茄汁8份、黄瓜汁20份、西芹汁2份混合均匀,再加入蔗糖6.5份、柠檬酸0.25份、果胶0.19份、卡拉胶0.25份、黄原胶0.2份、加36.21份水稀释调配混匀,在转速5000r/min的条件下离心20min。然后在20MPa压力条件下均质1次,均质时间控制在1.5min。在95℃条件下高温灭菌20min,待冷却至42-45℃进行无菌灌装、密封,即得。
Claims (6)
1.一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁23-27份、番茄汁6-10份、黄瓜汁18-22份、西芹汁1-3份、蔗糖5-8份、柠檬酸0.1-0.4份、果胶酶0.8-1.4份、纤维素酶0.2-0.4份、果胶0.18-0.2份、卡拉胶0.1-0.4份、黄原胶0.1-0.3份和水26.90-45.52份制备成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁23份,番茄汁6份,黄瓜汁18份,西芹汁1份、蔗糖5份、柠檬酸0.1份,果胶酶0.8份、纤维素酶0.2份、果胶0.18份、卡拉胶0.1份、黄原胶0.1份和水45.52份制备成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于: 以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁25份,番茄汁8份,黄瓜汁20份,西芹汁2份、蔗糖6.5份、柠檬酸0.25份,果胶酶1.1份、纤维素酶0.3份、果胶0.19份、卡拉胶0.25份、黄原胶0.2份和水36.21份制备成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合蔬菜汁饮料,其特征在于:以重量份数计,主要由胡萝卜汁27份,番茄汁10份,黄瓜汁22份,西芹汁3份、蔗糖8份、柠檬酸0.4份,果胶酶1.4份、纤维素酶0.4份、果胶0.2份、卡拉胶0.4份、黄原胶0.3份和水26.90份制备成。
5.一种复合蔬菜汁饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)、蔬菜原料预处理及酶解制汁:
胡萝卜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜艳、无病虫害的胡萝卜清洗、切分,在0.5%90℃柠檬酸溶液中预煮3min,以钝化酶的活性,防止汁液褐变和凝聚,且能够提高出汁率和改善风味,然后碱液去皮,将胡萝卜浸泡在5%95℃的NaOH溶液中2min;
取出胡萝卜,搓去表皮,清水洗净,沥干后进行切片(厚度1-2mm),按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.3-0.5份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
番茄汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜红、无病虫害和香味浓郁的番茄,除去果柄花萼,清水洗净,在90℃水中预煮1min,以提高出汁率、钝化酶活性,然后移入组织捣碎机打浆15~20s,并在浆液中加入果胶酶0.1-0.3份,30℃下酶解40min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
黄瓜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、饱满、无病虫和机械损伤的黄瓜,切去果柄和根部,清水洗净,去皮并切分成块(厚度2-4mm)后迅速移入0.1%柠檬酸溶液中进行护色处理,然后在85℃水中预煮2min,以钝化酶的活性、提高出汁率,按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.4-0.6份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
西芹汁制备:
选取新鲜、无病虫害的西芹,清水洗净,去除根部及坏损处,切分成块(厚度2-4mm),并迅速移入2%抗坏血酸钠溶液中进行护色处理,然后在95℃水中预煮5min,以钝化酶活性、提高出汁率,按料液体积比2:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入纤维素酶0.2-0.4份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
2)、复合蔬菜汁的制备:
取步骤1制备好的胡萝卜汁23-27份、番茄汁6-10份、黄瓜汁18-22份、西芹汁1-3份混合均匀,再加入蔗糖5-8份、柠檬酸0.1-0.4份、果胶0.18-0.2份、卡拉胶0.1-0.4份、黄原胶0.1-0.3份、,加26.90-45.52份水稀释调配混匀,在转速5000r/min的条件下离心20min;然后在20MPa压力条件下均质1-2次,每次均质时间控制在1.0-1.5min;在95℃条件下高温灭菌20min,待冷却至42-45℃进行无菌灌装、密封,即得。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种复合蔬菜汁饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1、蔬菜原料预处理及酶解制汁:
1)、 胡萝卜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜艳、无病虫害的胡萝卜清洗、切分,在0.5%90℃柠檬酸溶液中预煮3min,然后将胡萝卜浸泡在5%95℃的NaOH溶液中2min;
取出胡萝卜,搓去表皮,清水洗净,沥干后进行切片(厚度1-2mm),按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入0.4份果胶酶,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
2)、番茄汁的制备:
选择新鲜、颜色鲜红、无病虫害和香味浓郁的番茄,除去果柄花萼,清水洗净,在90℃水中预煮1min,然后移入组织捣碎机打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.2份,30℃下酶解40min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
3)、黄瓜汁的制备:
选择新鲜、饱满、无病虫和机械损伤的黄瓜,切去果柄和根部,清水洗净,去皮并切分成块(厚度2-4mm)后迅速移入0.1%柠檬酸溶液中进行护色处理,然后在85℃水中预煮2min,按料液体积比3:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入果胶酶0.5份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
4)、西芹汁的制备:
选取新鲜、无病虫害的西芹,清水洗净,去除根部及坏损处,切分成块(厚度2-4mm),并迅速移入2%抗坏血酸钠溶液中进行护色处理,然后在95℃水中预煮5min,按料液体积比2:1与水混合打浆15~20s,在浆液中加入纤维素酶0.3份,40℃下酶解60min,然后60℃下灭酶30min,最后用200目滤布过滤浆液,即得;
2、复合蔬菜汁的制备:
取步骤1制备好的胡萝卜汁25份、番茄汁8份、黄瓜汁20份、西芹汁2份混合均匀,再加入蔗糖6.5份、柠檬酸0.25份、果胶0.19份、卡拉胶0.25份、黄原胶0.2份,加36.21份水稀释调配混匀,在转速5000r/min的条件下离心20min;然后在20MPa压力条件下均质1次,均质时间控制在1.5min;在95℃条件下高温灭菌20min,待冷却至42-45℃进行无菌灌装、密封,即得。
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