CN109070976A - For operating the method for the above-decks equipment on ship and the winch of the above-decks equipment for ship - Google Patents
For operating the method for the above-decks equipment on ship and the winch of the above-decks equipment for ship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109070976A CN109070976A CN201780024253.4A CN201780024253A CN109070976A CN 109070976 A CN109070976 A CN 109070976A CN 201780024253 A CN201780024253 A CN 201780024253A CN 109070976 A CN109070976 A CN 109070976A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- winch
- brake
- anchor
- maneuverability pattern
- manipulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/16—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring using winches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/60—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans adapted for special purposes
- B66D1/72—Anchor-chain sprockets; Anchor capstans
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
- B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
- B66D5/06—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect
- B66D5/10—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect embodying bands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
- B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
- B66D5/24—Operating devices
- B66D5/26—Operating devices pneumatic or hydraulic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
- B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
- B66D5/24—Operating devices
- B66D5/30—Operating devices electrical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/18—Stoppers for anchor chains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B2205/00—Tethers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of for releasing and hoisting the anchor winch (10) of anchor and its anchor chain.Anchor winch (10) has driving device, thus at least electrically hoists anchor and anchor chain.It is likely to occur under unfavorable situation, the underpower of driving device is to hoist anchor.Then there is the risk that anchor chain is pulled out from anchor winch (10), this causes anchor to be lost in the case where the worst.In order to avoid the disadvantage, the present invention proposes a kind of anchor winch (10), the band brake (15) of the anchor winch can be manually manipulated according to the first maneuverability pattern, and in emergency, band brake automatically, for example can be manipulated by the hydraulic cylinder (28) of controlled device manipulation by the second maneuverability pattern.In emergency, hydraulic cylinder (28) tenses the manipulation device (21) of band brake (15), to introduce similar " emergent stopping ", which overcome the risks for unintentionally pulling out anchor chain from anchor winch (10) in high load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of as claimed in claim 1 as described in the preamble for operating the side of the above-decks equipment on ship
Method and a kind of winch as described in the preamble for above-decks equipment as claimed in claim 5.
Background technique
The above-decks equipment of ship especially includes anchor together with anchor chain, and hawser for example pulls hawser and fixed rope.Especially big
In type coastal ship, such as container freighter, ferry boat and cruise ship, at least hoists or wring by winch and preferably also put
Anchor and its anchor chain and hawser and fixed rope out.For anchor chain, using the anchor winch with so-called sprocket wheel, sprocket wheel is used for
It is joined to form locking in several chain links of anchor chain.For hawser and fixed rope, capstan winch is used.Capstan winch have drum, drum have to
The circumferential surface of interior arching, hawser or fixed rope wind the circumferential surface repeatedly to be used for when wringing hawser or fixed rope in capstan winch drum and cable
Cause corresponding friction lock and force closure between rope or fixed rope.
After casting anchor, the sprocket wheel of anchor winch is by brake (generally according to the belt system of the first maneuverability pattern manually handle
Dynamic device) form locking and force closure ground clamping lock.Identical content is also applied for capstan winch, at this point, wring hawser or fixed rope it
Afterwards, capstan winch drum is locked by the brake form locking of manually handle and force closure.
Especially when the Vidacare corp of the sprocket wheel by anchor winch twists and rises anchor and its anchor chain, in fact it could happen that, example
Such as when grasp is in the ground of stone matter or when very big power is applied on anchor chain by ship due to high wind and ocean current, driving device
Required power cannot be applied.Then, existing risk is to unintentionally pull out anchor and causing driving device to invert by anchor chain
Chain.This then causes, and in the anchor chain end of shipboard, connection is broken and anchor chain is lost together with anchor.Wringing fixed rope and hawser
When be likely to occur same case.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to method of the type mentioned at the beginning and winch be designed as follows, so that hoisting anchor or wringing solid
When fixed rope or hawser when driving device overload, it is reliably prevented and unintentionally pulls out anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope.
Method for achieving the object has feature described in claim 1.In the method, it is specified that, when be more than twist
When the load of the determination of the driving device of vehicle and/or winch, brake is tensed according to the second maneuverability pattern.Second maneuverability pattern is protected
Card rapidly and reliably tenses brake in overload situations, without manually tensing braking according to the first maneuverability pattern thus
Device.Brake can fixedly be tensed as a result, with sufficient degree according to the second maneuverability pattern with the first maneuverability pattern independently,
And it is tensed within the shortest time.It timely and reliably avoids as a result, and unintentionally pulls out anchor chain, hawser or fixation from winch
Rope.Second maneuverability pattern causes the emergency braking of the emergent stopping and/or winch of driving device to a certain extent, or constitutes and drive
The emergent stopping of dynamic device and/or the emergency braking mechanism of winch.Second maneuverability pattern can temporarily friction lock and/or power
Winch is blocked in locking manner.
Preferably, when twisting liter anchor or when wringing hawser or fixed rope, the load of the driving device of winch is measured, really
It says with cutting and preferably constantly or at definite intervals measures in succession.Alternatively, anchor chain, hawser or solid also be can measure
Surely the load restricted.Then, when being more than scheduled load, brake is tensed according to the second maneuverability pattern and preferably stops driving
Dynamic device.By preferably continuously or with successive time interval measurement loading, it is preferable that in driving device overload or very
To driving device due to excessive laod reversal movement before, automatically according to the second maneuverability pattern fixedly tense brake or
Brake is tensed again, so that being completely not in the overload and adjoint possible driving device damage of driving device, but main
It is to reliably avoid the risk that anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope are undesirably pulled out from winch.
It is advantageously improved scheme according to one kind of this method, brake is being tensed, is being drawn preferably according to the second maneuverability pattern
When tight brake, the load being applied on winch, driving device, anchor chain, hawser and/or fixed rope is obtained, and when lower than pre-
When fixed load, the driving device of winch is started again according to the second maneuverability pattern release brake and again.This makes, and one
Denier determines that dropping to for load allows to swash again according to the load measure preferably constantly or with uniform time interval carried out
When driving device living, cancels being tensed, i.e. " emergency braking " in overload according to the brake that the second maneuverability pattern carries out again.By
This, the method according to the invention is realized, when load reduction and the thus driving of winch again of such as anchor and its anchor chain
The power of device makes winch work again immediately enough again or when continuing to retract and wring anchor and anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope.
, it is specified that, in the second maneuverability pattern, electrically or hydraulically run in a kind of preferred design scheme of method
Brake.As a result, compared with the first maneuverability pattern, the tension and release of brake are automatically carried out according to the second maneuverability pattern.
This electronic or hydraulic driving, which is also particularly suited for use in, controls or regulates winch according to load.
There is feature described in claim 5 for realizing the winch for starting the purpose.It is provided in the winch, according to
It needs according to the second maneuverability pattern operating brakes, particularly its manipulation device.Second maneuverability pattern is realized, is grasped in another way
Vertical brake apparatus, especially progress " emergency braking ".
Preferably, the second maneuverability pattern is superimposed with the first maneuverability pattern preferably carried out manually and/or manipulates with first
Mode separates.Hereby it is achieved that additional maneuverability pattern.Preferably, two kinds of maneuverability patterns can be carried out independently of each other.As a result,
These maneuverability patterns are not interrelated.Especially, can need not make in advance the first maneuverability pattern return or in the case where refund into
The second maneuverability pattern of row.
In a kind of advantageous design scheme of the invention, it is contemplated that, it sets and brakes first, in accordance with first method of operation
Device, and adjust according to the second maneuverability pattern as required and/or adjust brake again, preferably more strongly tense braking
Device.When necessary, it can so be adjusted according to the second maneuverability pattern, so that brake almost blocks winch or capstan winch, especially to rub
Sealed and/or force closure mode is wiped to block.It reliably avoids as a result, and unintentionally pulls out anchor chain or hawser or fixed rope.
It is preferably provided that in order to execute the second maneuverability pattern, brake is equipped with electronic or hydraulic driving device.If
The first maneuverability pattern is carried out preferably by hand, then according to the second maneuverability pattern, automatically and when necessary can be grasped to long-range control
Vertical brake.Brake targetedly can be automatically adjusted according to the second maneuverability pattern as a result, especially again corresponding to demand
Tense brake.
A kind of advantageous design scheme regulation according to the invention, can fix for the manipulation device arranging of brake around position
Swinging axle swing double-arm lever.When necessary, the coupling of the first shorter lever arm of double-arm lever and arrangement on the brake
Link arm is connected, and is exactly preferably articulated and connected.In a kind of preferred design scheme of brake, in double-arm lever
The second, hinged linear actuating device on especially longer lever arm.Linear actuating device can be pressure medium cylinder, preferably liquid
Cylinder pressure, but linear actuating device can also be the lead-screw drive mechanism or rack gear of electric drive.Using this linear
Driving device can hydraulically or electrically carry out the second maneuverability pattern.
According to a kind of preferred improvement project of winch, the manipulation device of brake also has the silk of preferably manually handle
Thick stick, lead screw have feed screw nut.Lead screw is in particular for carrying out the first maneuverability pattern.Furthermore it could dictate that, an end of lead arm
Portion is arranged to linear actuating device, and the opposite end of lead arm is pivotally supported at the swinging axle of double-arm lever
On.In this way, can making the commercial general manipulation device of the standard of brake, (manipulation device has manually handle
, lead screw with feed screw nut) be equipped with additional Linear Driving for electrically or hydraulically carrying out the second maneuverability pattern
Device.
Preferably, linear actuating device and/or lead arm be hinged on the feed screw nut for first method of operation or
On lead screw.As a result, in the first maneuverability pattern, can by lead screw by means of feed screw nut such as manually handle brake, and
Brake can be adjusted according to the second maneuverability pattern by the linear actuating device being supported on feed screw nut with lead screw independently.It is standby
Selection of land, it is also contemplated that, linear actuating device is not hinged on feed screw nut together with lead arm, but linear actuating device acts on
In lead arm, lead arm is supported on feed screw nut.
According to a kind of preferred improvement project of winch, be arranged load for determining the driving device of winch and/or
The measuring device of tensile load in anchor chain, hawser, fixed rope etc..Alternatively or additionally, which can also be used for really
Fixed possible slipping of brake.By at least one with continuous, particularly homogeneous phase after time interval by accordingly measuring dress
Set determining measured value, it may be determined that, especially what kind of load is applied on winch by anchor chain, fixed rope and/or hawser.Especially
It, can be according to second method of operation by additional line if load is more than determining value in order to avoid the driving device of winch is overloaded
Property driving device more securely tenses brake, is exactly tensed to such degree when necessary, so that almost friction lock
Block brake with closing ground and/or force closure.It avoids as a result, and unintentionally pulls out anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope from winch.It surveys
Amount device can also be used for determining the reduction of load, and this load, which reduces, to be allowed, by making driving device after release brake
Task again further retracts anchor chain or wrings fixed rope or hawser.As a result, once overload disappears or g-alleviation, immediately again
Automatically recall " emergency braking " of the winch being nearly completed in overload.
According to the design scheme of another conceivable winch, be equipped with control device, control device according at least one by
The measured value of measuring device acquisition manipulates linear actuating device, linear actuating device is especially so manipulated, so that Linear Driving
The response that device is made according to measured value of the control device to acquisition automatically changes the brake force of brake.
Detailed description of the invention
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail below according to attached drawing.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the perspective view for being configured to the winch of anchor winch,
Fig. 2 shows the side view of the winch of Fig. 1 in release brake,
Fig. 3 shows the side view of the winch of Fig. 1 when maximally tensing brake,
Fig. 4 shows a part of the manipulation device of brake in the figure 2 position,
Fig. 5 shows the side view for the part of the manipulation device in the position according to Fig. 3 being shown in FIG. 4,
Fig. 6 shows the perspective view of a part for the manipulation device of alternative embodiment according to the invention being shown in FIG. 4,
And
Fig. 7 is with the part being shown in FIG. 6 for diagrammatically showing manipulation device similar with Fig. 5.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing shows the winch for being configured to anchor winch 10.Usually in large commercial ship, particularly coastal ship, such as packaging
On the deck of case cargo ship, packaging container freighter, pleasure boat, ferry boat, cruise ship, tractor tug etc., arrange that at least one is this
Anchor winch.Anchor winch 10 is for releasing and hoisting anchor together with its anchor chain.Anchor and anchor chain are being not shown in the figure.
In the region of anchor winch 10, anchor chain is placed around a part of the sprocket wheel 11 of anchor winch 10, such as one third
To 2/3rds.Here, multiple adjacent link sections of anchor chain be located at sprocket wheel 11 chain link receiving portion 12 in.Chain link accommodates
Portion 12 is arranged on the periphery of the circumferential surface of sprocket wheel 11 and couples with being consequently for form locking anchor chain and by the chain of rotation driving
Wheel 11 drives anchor chain.
The rotatable driving on opposite bearing of drive shaft 13 that sprocket wheel 11 extends around the longitudinal central axis line by sprocket wheel
Ground is supported on the support of bearing 14 of anchor winch 10.The support of bearing 14 is fixedly fitted on the deck of relevant ship.Drive shaft
13 mutually couple in electricity not shown in the figure or hydraulic driving device.
Anchor winch 10 also has brake apparatus, and brake apparatus has is configured to band brake in the embodiment illustrated
15 brake.Band brake 15 is arranged on the side on 11 side of sprocket wheel.In the embodiment illustrated, in addition, in sprocket wheel
11 sides, non-rotatably fix the brake drum 16 with cylindrical braking surface 17 in drive shaft 13.The circle of brake drum 16
The most of of cylindrical braking surface 17 is wound by least partly elastic brake band 18.By the opposite end for making brake band 18
Portion 19,20, which compresses brake band to moving together, to the braking surface 17 of brake drum 16 and thus tenses band brake 15, (to scheme
2).For this purpose, an end 19 of brake band 18 is fixedly connected with the support of bearing 14 of anchor winch 10, and the phase of brake band 18
Opposed end 20 is movable.
Furthermore the brake apparatus of anchor winch 10 has operating mechanism, operating mechanism acts on the movable end 20 of brake band 18
Above and for release and tension band brake 15 as needed.In order to tense band brake 15, operating mechanism drawing
The movable end 20 of brake band 18.In order to unclamp band brake 15, manipulation device can completely or partially take-off the brake band
18 movable end 20.
The first embodiment of the operating mechanism of band brake is shown in Fig. 2 to 4, exactly, shows manipulation
Device 21.Manipulation device 21 has the coupling arm 22 being articulated and connected with the movable end 20 of brake band 18, double-arm lever 23 and draws
Guide arm 24, the elongated connecting plate that coupling arm 22 is arranged side by side for example including two with small distance in parallel, and lead arm
24 equally include two elongated connecting plates being arranged side by side in parallel with small distance.It is used in addition, manipulation device 21 has
Cause the elongated lead screw 26 of the first maneuverability pattern and for causing the pressure for being configured to hydraulic cylinder 26 of the second maneuverability pattern to be situated between
Matter cylinder, lead screw 26 can be rotated by the handwheel 25 on upper end 39 and have the feed screw nut 27 being supported on lead screw 26.
Double-arm lever 23 can be fixedly supported at the support of bearing 14 in the spaced winding of short lever arm 30 and long lever arm 31
On swinging axle 32 swing.The free end 33 of the short lever arm 30 of double-arm lever 23 hingedly or rotatably with coupling arm
22 end opposite with the movable end 20 of brake band 18 is connected.The lever arm 31 of the length of double-arm lever 23 it is opposite
End 34 it is swingable or be hingedly connected with the end 35 of the piston rod side of hydraulic cylinder 28.In the embodiment of Fig. 1 to 5,
Opposite, cylinder side the end 36 of hydraulic cylinder 28 hingedly or is rotatably hinged on feed screw nut 27.Lead arm 24 with
End 37 rotatably or is pivotally supported on fixed swinging axle 32, and opposite end 38 is rotatably or can
It is swingingly hinged on feed screw nut 27.
It the upper end 39 of lead screw 26 being connected with handwheel 25 can be around the axis oscillating of transversal orientation, but in other directions
Upper position is fixedly secured on the retaining arm 40 of the support of bearing 14 of anchor winch 10.It can be manually rotated as a result, when on handwheel 25
When lead screw 26, feed screw nut 27 is according to the direction of rotation of handwheel 25 on the direction of the longitudinal axis along lead screw 26 or in its other party
It moves upwards, that is, be moved upwardly or downwardly according to diagram in figs 2 and 3.Here, keeping feed screw nut 27 by lead arm 24
With the constant distance of swinging axle 32, thus since lead screw 26 can swingingly be fixedly supported at bearing around horizontal axis on upper end 39
On bracket 14, the longitudinal axis of lead screw 26 is supported to prevent sideshake.In this way, the hydraulic cylinder 28 not being manipulated is used as in silk
Coupling elements between the end 34 of the lever arm 31 of the length of thick stick nut 27 and double-arm lever 23, thus separate in feed screw nut 27
When the upper end 39 of lead screw 26 moves, the hydraulic cylinder 28 being supported on feed screw nut makes double-arm lever 23 around the swing of position fixation
32 counter-clockwise swing of axis, as a result, by the end 33 of the short lever arm 30 of double-arm lever 23 by the movable end 20 of brake band 18
Drawing is to the fixation end 19 of brake band 18, and from there through pushing down brake band 18 and be close to the braking surface 17 of brake drum 16
Cause the tension (Fig. 3) of band brake 15.
Fig. 6 and 7 shows the alternative of the manipulation device 41 of the band brake 15 for wringing and unclamping anchor winch 10
Embodiment.In principle, which corresponds to manipulation device 21, therefore uses identical attached drawing mark for identical component
Note.
Manipulation device 41 and unique difference of manipulation device 21 are that the end 36 of the cylinder side of hydraulic cylinder 28 is not hinged on
On feed screw nut 27, but it is hinged in lead arm 24, exactly near the end of lead arm 24 38, lead arm as a result,
It is hinged on feed screw nut 27.For this purpose, lead arm 24 is parallel with having near the end 38 that feed screw nut 27 is articulated and connected at it
In the rotary shaft 42 that swinging axle 32 stretches.The end 36 of the cylinder side of hydraulic cylinder 28 is pivotally supported in the rotary shaft 42.By
Except central point between the end 37 and 38 that rotary shaft 42 is located at lead arm 24, compared with the embodiment of Fig. 2 to 5, not directly
Sending and receiving are raw to be introduced from hydraulic cylinder 28 to the power in feed screw nut 27, but lead arm 24 is introduced force near feed screw nut 27
In.In addition, in retracted position, the end 37 and 38 of hydraulic cylinder 28 is each other thus compared in the embodiment in Fig. 2 to 5
Closer to.In other aspects, the reality of the function of the working principle of the hydraulic cylinder 28 in the embodiment of Fig. 6 and 7 and Fig. 2 to 5
It is identical or at least similar to apply example.
Anchor winch 10 has in way measuring device not shown in the figure, for measuring its load.Sprocket wheel 11 can be passed through
The power consumption of electronic or hydraulic driving device measures the load.However, it is possible to by determining in the drive shaft of motor
Or the stress in the drive shaft 13 of sprocket wheel 11 measures, such as is measured by strain gauge.Alternatively or additionally, may be used
By determining the stress measurement load in anchor chain.For this purpose, at least one chain link that may be, for example, anchor chain is arranged at least one
Stress measurement device based on strain gauge.Then, by the pulling force thus determined from anchor chain or load value preferably telemetering
It is transferred to the control device of anchor winch 10.Preferably, at driving device, drive shaft 13 and/or anchor chain, continually by successive
Measurement, particularly the measurement that is loaded with the successive measurement in non-uniform time interval.The load that measures, exactly measured value
It can be input in the control device of hydraulic cylinder 28, hydraulic cylinder then be manipulated according to load, in particular for drawing as needed
Tight and/or release band brake 15.
The anchor winch 10 shown in Fig. 1 to 3 can have additional, unshowned capstan winch, and capstan winch, which has, is used for fixed rope
Or other hawsers, the capstan winch drum for for example pulling hawser.Capstan winch passes through coupling device and/or the sprocket wheel 11 of transmission mechanism and anchor winch 10
Driving device be connected.Preferably, transmission mechanism is designed to, or is rotatably driven sprocket wheel 11, or rotation by driving device
Turn the capstan winch drum of ground driving capstan winch.It preferably, is capstan winch, exactly the independence with the manipulation device of itself is arranged in capstan winch drum
Brake apparatus.In this way, it can selectively make the operation of sprocket wheel 11 to put by unique driving device of anchor winch 10
Out or anchor is wrung or hoisted, or runs capstan winch to wring or release fixed rope or pull rope.
The present invention can be also suitably used for such as winch and/or the capstan winch of casting anchor, that is, instead of band brake 15, the anchor winch and/
Or capstan winch has another brake or brake apparatus, such as drum brake, disk brake or block brake.
Hereinafter, the anchor winch 10 for being incorporated in first embodiment according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 to 5 explain in detail according to
Method of the invention:
By the manually handle lead screw 26 on handwheel 25, brake band 18 is tensed to such degree, so that gradually when casting anchor
Ground releases, falls anchor chain and anchor.At this point, brake band 18 also allows to skid on the braking surface 17 of brake drum 16.
Once fully releasing anchor and thus the process of casting anchor terminating, band brake is more strongly tensed by handwheel 25
15, so that anchor is kept by its anchor chain and anchor winch 10.This by band brake 15 brake band 18 and brake drum 16 it
Between force closure and friction lock and form locking between several sections of anchor chain and the sprocket wheel 11 of anchor winch 10 realize.
It is described above and manipulates anchor winch 10 according to the first maneuverability pattern.In the embodiment illustrated, manually
The first maneuverability pattern is realized by means of the lead screw 26 by the rotation driving of handwheel 25 and in the case where being related to manipulation device 21.
Now, if anchor and anchor chain should be hoisted again, by unshowned hydraulic or electronic driving device corresponding
Direction of rotation on drive anchor winch 10.Before, band brake 15 has completely or at least partially been unclamped.This can be according to
First maneuverability pattern by 25 rotating threaded shaft 26 of handwheel by manually being realized.
When hoisting anchor, in fact it could happen that feelings of the power or underpower of driving device to hoist anchor or further hoist
Condition.Such as may occur, grasp is in ground, in the ground of preferably stone matter and/or high wind and violent ocean current related to this
Very big power is applied on ship, so that anchor chain bears excessive tensile load.
If due to foregoing exemplary but simultaneously influence that nonabsoluteness illustrates so that the driving device of anchor winch 10 is complete
Anchor can not be further hoisted, then existing risk is that the high stress of anchor chain inverts driving device, and substitution is caused to twist at this time
Anchor pulls out anchor chain from anchor winch 10.Then, the driving device of anchor winch 10 no longer keeps anchor chain；On the contrary, anchor chain is in sprocket wheel
11 and drive shaft 13 driven together with the rotation of brake drum 16 under pull out from anchor winch 10.It is thereby possible to cause to lose anchor and anchor
The risk of chain.In order to overcome this risk, this method provides the second maneuverability patterns of anchor winch 10, exactly especially anchor
Second maneuverability pattern of the manipulation device 21 of the band brake 15 of winch 10.
By driving device, exactly it is equipped in the embodiment illustrated to the manipulation device 21 of brake band 18
Second maneuverability pattern of the realization manipulation device 21 of hydraulic cylinder 28.The hydraulic cylinder can it is intervene manually in the case where automatically into
One step tenses band brake 15, exactly tenses to such degree, so that also can no longer be not intended under the conditions of worst
Ground pulls out anchor chain from anchor winch 10.That is, in the embodiment illustrated by hydraulic cylinder 28 or similar linear actuating device
The second maneuverability pattern realized constitutes emergent stopping and/or emergency braking mechanism.
Hydraulic cylinder 28 tenses brake band 18 by means of manipulation device 21 in the following manner, that is, hydraulic cylinder 28 passes through stretching
(see Fig. 2 and 3) swings the double-arm lever 23 of manipulation device 21 around swinging axle 32 counterclockwise, thus by the short of double-arm lever 23
Lever arm 30 substantially pulls to the direction of handwheel 25 by arm 22 is coupled.At this point, making the movable end 20 of brake band 18 closer to braking
With 18 fixation end 19, and thus make the braking surface 17 of the winding brake drum 16 of brake band 18 with bigger stress.In other words
It says, thus brake band 18 is more tightly attached on the cylindrical braking surface 17 of brake drum 16.In this way, according to by hydraulic cylinder
Second maneuverability pattern of the 28 anchor winches 10 carried out, hydraulic cylinder 28 (when necessary) tightly tense band brake 15 very much, so that
Band brake 15 fix drive shaft 13 can hardly rotatably together with the sprocket wheel 11 being held non-rotatably in drive shaft,
Exactly pass through the friction lock and/or power between the corresponding strength brake band 18 tensed and the braking surface 17 of brake drum 16
Sealed realization.As a result, under conditions of being least suitable for, also no longer allow the skidding between braking surface 17 and brake band 18.
Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder 28 for causing the second maneuverability pattern is controlled or regulated according to load.For this purpose, for anchor winch 10
At least one load cell or force snesor is arranged in driving device, sprocket wheel 11 and/or its drive shaft 13.The load cell or
Force snesor continuously, exactly constantly or with uniform time interval is measured when hoisting or wringing anchor by driving
The dynamic device power applied or the power being applied in driving device.But alternatively or additionally, can also in other ways, example
The load on anchor winch 10 is such as applied to by strain gauge measurement, strain gauge is arranged in the drive shaft 13 with sprocket wheel 11, drives
On the transmission mechanism of moving axis 13 and/or in anchor chain or on anchor chain.It is also contemplated that in the identical of anchor winch 10 and/or anchor chain or not
With the measured value collector that multiple redundancies are arranged on position.
If by least one power, power or load collector determines, be more than determination limit load or limiting force, can
Before damaging in anchor winch or even inverting, stop the driving device of anchor winch 10 by control device, and at the same time with slightly
Micro- time difference tenses braking by hydraulic cylinder 28 before or after it, according to the second maneuverability pattern in the way of " emergency braking "
Band 18, so that the load being applied on anchor winch 10 under any circumstance all will not pull out anchor chain from anchor winch 10, by anchor
The mode of action that chain pulls out is, the load of anchor and anchor chain make sprocket wheel 11 making with driving device sprocket wheel 11 hoists anchor and anchor chain is opposite
Direction on rotate, and pull out anchor chain from anchor winch 10 at this.
Load and force measuring device can also be used for, according to the second maneuverability pattern carry out anchor winch 10 " emergency braking " with
Prevent after unintentionally pulling out anchor chain, continues power or load that measurement is applied on anchor winch 10 and/or anchor chain, to subtract in overload
In the case where small or reduction and the load threshold value for the driving device for being lower than anchor winch 10, again by hydraulic cylinder 28 according to second
Maneuverability pattern unclamps band brake 15, and restarts driving device, so as to when the load of anchor winch 10 reduces again
Wring anchor and anchor chain.
Using the manipulation device 41 being alternatively configured according to Fig. 6 and 7, side according to the present invention is also run as described above
Method.
The present invention is not only suitable for for anchor winch 10 described above, and be can be also suitably used for wringing and controllably released cable
Rope, the capstan winch for for example pulling hawser and/or fixed rope.Equally, it can be executed according to the method for the present invention by capstan winch.This capstan winch
It can be arranged to shown anchor winch 10, so that anchor winch can be run from anchor is switched to capstan winch operation, and thus be suitble to selection
It is suitble to release or wring anchor and anchor chain to property, but is also suitble to wring or discharge hawser and fixed rope.Equally, the present invention is also suitble to
For cannot optionally also serve as the capstan winch of anchor winch 10.So, in principle, anchor winch shown in figure is replaced by capstan winch drum
10 sprocket wheel 11.
Reference signs list
10 anchor winches
11 sprocket wheels
12 chain link receiving portions
13 drive shafts
14 supports of bearing
15 band brakes
16 brake drums
17 braking surfaces
18 brake bands
19 ends (fixed)
20 ends (movable)
21 manipulation devices
22 coupling arms
23 double-arm levers
24 lead arm
25 handwheels
26 lead screws
27 feed screw nuts
28 hydraulic cylinders
29 bearings
30 short lever arms
31 long lever arms
32 swinging axles
33 ends
34 ends
The end of 35 piston rod sides
The end of 36 cylinder sides
37 ends
38 ends
39 upper ends
40 retaining arms
41 manipulation devices
42 rotary shafts
Claims (according to the 19th article of modification of treaty)
1. a kind of method for operating the above-decks equipment on ship, the above-decks equipment have for discharge and wring anchor chain together with
The winch of anchor, hawser or towing cable, wherein release anchor chain together with anchor or hawser or fixation by unclamping the brake of the winch
Rope, and brake is tensed according to the first manipulation device in sufficiently release anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope, and wherein, in pine
When open brake, anchor chain is wrung together with anchor, hawser or fixed rope by the driving device of the winch, which is characterized in that be more than
When the load of the determination of the driving device of the winch, brake is tensed according to the second maneuverability pattern.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when wringing anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope, measure the winch
Driving device load, preferably constantly measure the load of the driving device of the winch, also, when being more than scheduled negative
When load, brake is tensed according to second maneuverability pattern or more strongly tenses brake and/or stops driving device.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that at least determining, preferably constantly when tensing brake
Determine the power being applied on anchor chain, hawser and/or fixed rope, and when the scheduled maximum of the driving device lower than the winch
When load, release brake and winch is driven again again according to second maneuverability pattern.
4. method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that by driving the manipulation of the brake to fill
(21) are set to realize, preferably by electrically or hydraulically running the manipulation device (21) realize the second manipulation side
Formula.
5. a kind of winch of the above-decks equipment for ship, the winch especially has the drive of energy driven device rotation driving
Mechanism, the lead agency is used for such as anchor chain, fixed rope or hawser and at least one is arranged to the braking of the lead agency
Device, the brake have behaviour that is can manipulating according to the first maneuverability pattern and being manipulated as needed by the second maneuverability pattern
Vertical device (21), which is characterized in that the manipulation device (21) of the brake has swinging axle (32) pendulum that can be fixed around position
Dynamic double-arm lever (23), the first lever arm (30) of the double-arm lever and the coupling arm (22) being hinged on the brake
Articulated connection, and coupling is used for the linear actuating device of second maneuverability pattern on the second lever arm (31).
6. winch as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that two kinds of maneuverability patterns can execute and/or described independently of one another
Second maneuverability pattern is superimposed with first maneuverability pattern.
7. such as winch described in claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the manipulation device first can be according to first manipulation
Mode adjusts, and can tense and/or adjust again according to second maneuverability pattern when needed.
8. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 7, which is characterized in that for second maneuverability pattern, the behaviour
Vertical device (21) have electronic and/or hydraulic driving device.
9. winch as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the manipulation device (21) of the brake has preferably can hand
The lead screw (26) of dynamic manipulation, the lead screw have feed screw nut (27), wherein the linear actuating device and/or lead arm
(24) a end (38) is hinged on the feed screw nut, and opposite end (37) branch of the lead arm (24)
It holds on the swinging axle (32) of the double-arm lever (23).
10. winch as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the lead arm (24) and/or linear actuating device hinge
It connects on the feed screw nut (25).
11. winch as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the linear actuating device is hinged on the lead arm (24)
On.
12. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 11, it is characterised in that be equipped with measuring device, the measuring device
For determining the load for wringing or discharging the driving device of anchor chain, fixed rope or hawser, and/or for determining that brake can
The skidding of energy.
13. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 12, which is characterized in that be equipped with control device, the control device
The linear actuating device is manipulated by the measured value that the measuring device acquires according at least one, to be used to correspondingly change,
At least increase the brake force of the brake.
14. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 13, which is characterized in that for causing the brake, especially
The linear actuating device of second maneuverability pattern of the manipulation device (21) of brake has at least one pressure medium cylinder, such as liquid
Lead-screw drive mechanism cylinder pressure (28) and/or electrically run.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of method for operating the above-decks equipment on ship, the above-decks equipment have for discharge and wring anchor chain together with
The winch of anchor, hawser or towing cable, wherein release anchor chain together with anchor or hawser or fixation by unclamping the brake of the winch
Rope, and brake is tensed according to the first manipulation device in sufficiently release anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope, and wherein, in pine
When open brake, anchor chain is wrung together with anchor, hawser or fixed rope by the driving device of the winch, which is characterized in that be more than
When the load of the determination of the driving device of the winch, brake is tensed according to the second maneuverability pattern.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when wringing anchor chain, hawser or fixed rope, measure the winch
Driving device load, preferably constantly measure the load of the driving device of the winch, also, when being more than scheduled negative
When load, brake is tensed according to second maneuverability pattern or more strongly tenses brake and/or stops driving device.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that at least determining, preferably constantly when tensing brake
Determine the power being applied on anchor chain, hawser and/or fixed rope, and when the scheduled maximum of the driving device lower than the winch
When load, release brake and winch is driven again again according to second maneuverability pattern.
4. method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that by driving the manipulation of the brake to fill
(21) are set to realize, preferably by electrically or hydraulically running the manipulation device (21) realize the second manipulation side
Formula.
5. a kind of winch of the above-decks equipment for ship, the winch especially has the drive of energy driven device rotation driving
Mechanism, the lead agency is used for such as anchor chain, fixed rope or hawser and at least one is arranged to the braking of the lead agency
Device, the brake have the manipulation device (21) that can at least manipulate according to the first maneuverability pattern, which is characterized in that can be according to need
The manipulation device (21) is manipulated by the second maneuverability pattern.
6. winch as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that two kinds of maneuverability patterns can execute and/or described independently of one another
Second maneuverability pattern is superimposed with first maneuverability pattern.
7. such as winch described in claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the manipulation device first can be according to first manipulation
Mode adjusts, and can tense and/or adjust again according to second maneuverability pattern when needed.
8. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 7, which is characterized in that for second maneuverability pattern, the behaviour
Vertical device (21) have electronic and/or hydraulic driving device.
9. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 8, which is characterized in that the manipulation device (21) of the brake has
Having can be around the double-arm lever (23) that the fixed swinging axle (32) in position is swung, the preferably shorter of the double-arm lever, first
Lever arm (30) is articulated and connected with the coupling arm (22) being hinged on the brake, and in preferably longer, the second thick stick
Coupling is used for the linear actuating device of second maneuverability pattern on lever arm (31).
10. winch as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the manipulation device (21) of the brake, which has, preferably may be used
The lead screw (26) of manually handle, the lead screw have feed screw nut (27), wherein the linear actuating device and/or lead arm
(24) a end (38) is hinged on the feed screw nut, and opposite end (37) branch of the lead arm (24)
It holds on the swinging axle (32) of the double-arm lever (23).
11. winch as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that the lead arm (24) and/or the linear actuating device
It is hinged on the feed screw nut (25).
12. winch as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that the linear actuating device is hinged on the lead arm (24)
On.
13. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 12, it is characterised in that be equipped with measuring device, the measuring device
For determining the load for wringing or discharging the driving device of anchor chain, fixed rope or hawser, and/or for determining that brake can
The skidding of energy.
14. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 13, which is characterized in that be equipped with control device, the control device
The linear actuating device is manipulated by the measured value that the measuring device acquires according at least one, to be used to correspondingly change,
At least increase the brake force of the brake.
15. the winch as described in any one of claim 5 to 14, which is characterized in that for causing the brake, especially
The linear actuating device of second maneuverability pattern of the manipulation device (21) of brake has at least one pressure medium cylinder, such as liquid
Lead-screw drive mechanism cylinder pressure (28) and/or electrically run.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016002251.5A DE102016002251A1 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | Method of handling deck harnesses on ships, and a winch for deck harness of ships |
| DE102016002251.5 | 2016-02-26 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/000175 WO2017144158A1 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-02-08 | Method for handling deck equipment on ships, and winch for deck equipment of ships |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109070976A true CN109070976A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN109070976B CN109070976B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
Family
ID=58044004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780024253.4A Active CN109070976B (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-02-08 | Method for operating deck equipment on a ship and winch for deck equipment of a ship |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3419889B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP7029413B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102127694B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109070976B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016002251A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017144158A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114802597A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-29 | 广州航海学院 | Method for calculating gap of brake limiting device of anchor equipment |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108061147A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-05-22 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Windlass rack |
| CN112357791B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-07-19 | 中船华南船舶机械广州有限公司 | Working method of crane |
| CN113702191A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-26 | 南京中船绿洲机器有限公司 | Test method and device for roller chain stopper |
| CN115140243A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-04 | 中交四航局江门航通船业有限公司 | Remote control anchor machine system, method and device and storage medium |
| CN117864307A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-12 | 湛江港（集团）股份有限公司 | Automatic brake control method and device for cable anchoring machine |
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| CN2833228Y (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2006-11-01 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Hydraulic brake for anchor machine |
| CN203318646U (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-12-04 | 浙江海洋学院 | Multifunctional anchor windlass |
| CN103482511A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-01 | 宁波捷胜海洋开发有限公司 | Towing winch with double-end screws |
| CN104196921A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-10 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Belt type braking device for anchor machine |
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- 2017-02-08 CN CN201780024253.4A patent/CN109070976B/en active Active
- 2017-02-08 EP EP17705012.7A patent/EP3419889B1/en active Active
- 2017-02-08 KR KR1020187027504A patent/KR102127694B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-02-08 WO PCT/EP2017/000175 patent/WO2017144158A1/en active Application Filing
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| US3603561A (en) * | 1969-12-19 | 1971-09-07 | Jered Ind Inc | Anchor windlass for a marine vessel |
| CN2833228Y (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2006-11-01 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Hydraulic brake for anchor machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114802597A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-29 | 广州航海学院 | Method for calculating gap of brake limiting device of anchor equipment |
| CN114802597B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-02-28 | 广州航海学院 | Method for calculating gap of brake limiting device of anchor equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7029413B2 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
| WO2017144158A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
| KR102127694B1 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
| EP3419889A1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
| EP3419889B1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
| KR20180127359A (en) | 2018-11-28 |
| DE102016002251A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
| JP2019509941A (en) | 2019-04-11 |
| CN109070976B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210615 Address after: hamburg Patentee after: McGregor Germany limited & Co.,Ltd. Address before: Bremen, Germany Patentee before: TTS Marine GmbH |