JP7029413B2 - Methods for handling deck equipment on ships, as well as hoisting machines for deck equipment on ships - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for handling a deck tool on a ship according to the superordinate concept of claim 1, and a winding machine for the deck tool according to the superordinate concept of claim 4 .

Deck equipment on ships include, among other things, anchors with anchor chains, such as hawsers such as tow hawsers, and mooring ropes.
In particular, in large marine vessels such as cargo ships, ferry boats, and cruising vessels, anchors and anchor chains of these anchors, as well as hawsers and mooring lines, are at least pulled up or tucked in by hoisting machines. Rarely and advantageously delivered. For anchor chains, windlass with so-called chain sprockets are used for geometrically fitting engagement of the anchor chain into several chain rings.
Winches are used in hawsers and mooring ropes. These winches are equipped with a drum with an inwardly arched mantle surface that provides proper frictional engagement and proper frictional engagement between the winch drum and the hawser or mooring rope when the hawser or mooring rope is tucked in. Hawsers and mooring ropes are multiplely wrapped around this mantle surface to trigger a force-integrated engagement.

After anchoring, the Windras chain sprocket is blocked in a geometric and frictional engagement by the brakes, usually by the band brakes operated after the first manual mode of operation. The same is true for the winch, where after the hawser or mooring rope is squeezed, the winch drum is blocked in a geometrically and frictionally engaged state by a manually operated brake.

In particular, when pulling up an anchor with an anchor chain by a motorized drive of the Windras chain sprocket, this drive may be caught by, for example, the anchor in a rocky bottom or due to strong wind and wave movements. When a ship exerts a large force on an anchor chain, it may occur that the required force cannot be applied.
In that case, there is a risk of unexpected withdrawal of the anchor chain due to the reverse rotation of the drive unit performed by the anchor chain. This may be such that the ship-side coupling member at the end of the anchor chain is broken and the anchor chain is lost with the anchor. The same can happen when mooring ropes or hawsers dig in.

The underlying challenges of the present invention are the methods and hoisting of the modalities described at the beginning of the anchor chain, hawser, in the event of an anchor chain, hawser, or overloading of the drive in hauler or mooring rope tucking. Or, it is configured to the effect that unintended withdrawal of the mooring rope is prevented with high reliability.

The method for solving this problem has the configuration of claim 1.
According to this method, the brake is towed by the second operation mode when the predetermined load of the hoist and / or the drive device of the hoist is exceeded. This second mode of operation ensures quick and reliable tightening of the brakes in overload situations without the need for the brakes to be manually tightened according to the first mode of operation for this purpose. The brake can therefore be tightened more tightly according to the second mode of operation, independent of the first mode of operation, to a sufficient extent and within the shortest time.
Therefore, in a timely manner, unexpected withdrawal of the anchor chain, hawser or mooring rope from the hoist is reliably avoided.
The second mode of operation, as it were, induces an emergency stop of the drive and / or an emergency brake of the hoist, or embodies an emergency stop of the drive and / or an emergency brake of the hoist. The second mode of operation temporarily blocks the hoist with frictional engagement and / or force-integrated engagement.

Advantageously, the load on the hoist drive is phased back and forth when the anchor is pulled up or when the hawser or mooring rope is tucked in, and advantageously continuously or at predetermined time intervals. And are measured continuously. Optionally, the load on the anchor chain, hawser or mooring rope can be measured as well. In the event of a preset load excess, the brakes are then tightened by a second mode of operation and, advantageously, the drive is stopped.
Advantageously, load measurements, taken at continuous or successive time intervals, avoid overloading the drive or completely reversing movement of the drive based on an excessively large load. And yet, by the second mode of operation, the brakes cannot, in an advantageous manner, automatically induce any overload of the drive and the possible obstruction of the drive that accompanies it, especially however. Tighten or retighten to reliably avoid the danger of unintentional withdrawal of anchor chains, hawsers or mooring ropes from the aircraft.

Due to the advantageous further configuration of this method, the load acting on the hoist, drive, anchor chain, hawser and / or mooring rope is advantageously tightened by the second mode of operation when the brake is tightened. When the brake is detected and falls below a pre-applied load, the brake is re-relaxed by the second mode of operation and the hoist drive is restarted.
This is a second mode of operation as soon as the load reduction that allows the drive device to operate again (Aktiveren) is confirmed, advantageously based on load measurements made at continuous or regular time intervals. The tightening of the brake, that is, the so-called "emergency stop", which is performed in the event of an overload, is induced to be released again.
The method according to the invention is accompanied by, for example, the anchor and the load on the anchor chain of the anchor is reduced again, whereby the output of the hoist drive is an anchor, a hawser, or an anchor having an anchor chain. Allows the hoist to be put back into operation immediately if it is sufficient to re-or further or further tighten or tighten the mooring rope.

For one advantageous configuration of this method, in the second mode of operation, the brakes are motorized or hydraulically actuated. Thereby, tightening and similarly relaxation of the brake can be automatically performed according to the second mode of operation as opposed to the first mode of operation. Such motorized or hydraulic drives are particularly suitable for control or adjustment that also depends on the load of the hoist.

The winding machine for solving the problem described at the beginning has the feature of claim 4 . In this hoist, the brake, particularly the operating device of the brake, is operated by the second operation mode, if necessary. This second mode of operation allows the braking device to be operated in other ways, in particular to perform a kind of "emergency braking".

Advantageously, the second mode of operation is optionally superimposed on and / or separated from this first mode of operation, which is manually performed. This provides an additional mode of operation.
Advantageously, both modes of operation can be implemented independently of each other. As a result, these modes of operation are not associated with each other. In particular, the second mode of operation may be performed without the first mode of operation being eliminated in advance and vice versa.

According to the advantageous configuration of the present invention, the brake is adjusted in the first operation mode in the first place, and if necessary, the brake is adjusted in the second operation mode and / or. Post-adjustment, advantageously tightening more strongly, can be considered.
This is done to the extent that the second mode of operation, in some cases, the brakes block the winder or winch, especially in frictional engagement and / or force-integrated engagement. This avoids unexpected withdrawal of the anchor chain or hawser or mooring rope with high reliability.

Advantageously, the brake comprises a motorized or hydraulic drive for implementation of the second mode of operation.
If the first mode of operation is advantageously performed manually, the second mode of operation allows the brakes to be operated automatically and possibly remotely. Thereby, the brake can be adjusted automatically for the purpose of the second operation mode, and in particular, can be further tightened as needed.

According to the advantageous configuration of the present invention, the brake operating device is provided with a dual-arm lever that can turn around a fixed-position turning shaft. The first, shorter lever arm of the bi-armed lever is, in some cases, coupled to a connecting arm disposed on the brake, and more advantageously, in a range of motion. A second, especially longer, lever arm of the bi-armed lever is coupled with a linear drive in one advantageous configuration of this brake.
The linear drive can be a pressure medium cylinder, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, however, it can also be a motor driveable spindle drive or a rack drive. With this linear drive, the second mode of operation can be implemented hydraulically or motorically.

According to the possibility of an advantageous further configuration of the winder, the brake operating device also has a spindle with a spindle nut, which is advantageously manually operated. This spindle is specifically utilized for the implementation of the first mode of operation. Further, the linear drive device is provided with the end portion of the guide arm belonging to the linear drive device, and the end portion on the opposite side of the guide arm is rotatably supported by the swivel shaft of the double-armed lever. obtain.
In this way, a commercially available brake operating device having a spindle with a spindle nut that is manually operated is equipped with an additional linear drive for a second mode of operation that is motorized or hydraulic. It is possible that it has been done.

Advantageously, the linear drive and / or guide arm is pivotally attached to the spindle nut or to the spindle for the first mode of operation. Thereby, in the first mode of operation, the brake can be manually operated, for example, under the use of the spindle nut via the spindle, and by a linear drive device supporting the spindle nut, the spindle. The brake can be adjusted by the second mode of operation independently of.
Optionally, it is not that the linear drive, along with the guide arm, is pivotally attached to the spindle nut, but rather that the linear drive engages the guide arm that supports the spindle nut 27. It can be considered as well.

Due to the advantageous further configuration of the hoist, a measuring device for detecting the load on the drive of this hoist and / or the tensile load in the anchor chain, hawser, mooring rope, or other object of its kind. It is provided. Optionally or additionally, this measuring device can also be utilized for detecting slips that may occur in the case of braking as well.
What loads, especially from anchor chains, mooring ropes and / or hawsers, to the hoist, depending on the measurements detected by the respective measuring devices in continuous, especially regularly, back-to-back and continuous time intervals. It can be confirmed whether it works against it.
If this load exceeds a predetermined value, especially to avoid overloading the hoist drive, the brakes will follow the additional linear drive by the second mode of operation, more robustly and in some cases. In some cases, the brake may be tightened to the extent that it is blocked, so to speak, in frictional engagement and / or force-integrated engagement. This avoids unintended withdrawal of the anchor chain, hawser or mooring rope from the hoist.
This measuring device is also utilized for detecting a reduced load that allows further handing of the anchor chain or tightening of the mooring rope or hawser by restarting the drive after the aforementioned relaxation of the brake. obtain. Thereby, in the event of an overload, so to speak, the applied "emergency braking" of the hoist is automatically and immediately relieved as soon as the overload is removed or damped.

Due to the possibility of other conceivable embodiments of the hoist, a control device is provided, which depends on at least one measurement value captured by the measuring device, especially the linear drive device. The linear drive is operated so that the braking force of the brake automatically changes depending on the response made by this controller to the detected measurement.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.

It is a perspective view of a winding machine formed as a windlass. It is a side view of the winding machine of FIG. 1 in the relaxed brake. It is a side view of the winding machine of FIG. 1 in the brake tightened to the maximum. It is a figure of a part of the operation device of a brake at the position of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of a portion of the operating device shown in FIG. 4 at a position according to FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the operating device 41 shown in FIG. 4, according to a selective embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure of the part shown in FIG. 6 in the illustration similar to FIG.

The figure shows a winder formed as a windlass 10.
At least one such windlas is usually relatively large, commercially, especially for marine vessels such as container vessels, retail freighters, tankers, ferry boats, tugboats, or other objects of its kind. It is arranged on the deck of the ship to be used. Windlass 10 is utilized for pulling down and pulling up an anchor having an anchor chain for that anchor. Anchors and anchor chains are not shown in the figure.

The anchor chain is wound around a portion of the area of the windlass 10, eg, one-third to two-thirds of the chain sprocket 11 of the windlass 10. At that time, the plurality of adjacent chain rings of the anchor chain are partially located in the chain ring accommodating portion 12 of the chain sprocket 11.
The chain ring accommodating portion 12 is disposed around the mantle surface of the chain sprocket 11 and is therefore a shape-fitting connection and entrainment of the anchor chain by the chain sprocket 11 driven in a rotational state. Used for.

The chain sprocket 11 is rotatably driven to a bearing portion of the bearing base 14 of the windlass 10 which is located opposite to the drive shaft 13 extending through the longitudinal center axis of the chain sprocket. Has been done. The bearing base 14 is immovably mounted on the deck of the ship. The drive shaft 13 is connected to an electric or hydraulic drive device not shown in the figure.

The windlass 10 comprises a braking device with a brake, the brake being formed as a band brake 15 in the embodiments shown. The band brake 15 is disposed on one side of the chain sprocket 11. In the embodiments shown, for this purpose, a brake drum 16 having a cylindrical brake surface 17 beside the chain sprocket 11 is non-rotatably secured to the drive shaft 13.
Most of the cylindrical brake surface 17 of the brake drum 16 is wound by at least a partially elastic brake band 18. The collaborative motion of the opposing ends 19 and 20 of the brake band 18 presses the brake band against the braking surface 17 of the brake drum 16 and thereby tightens the band brake 15 ( Figure 2). For this purpose, one end 19 of the brake band 18 is immovably coupled to the bearing base 14 of the windlass 10, whereas the opposite end 20 of the brake band 18 is It is movable.

The brake device of the windlass 10 further comprises an operating means, which grips the movable end 20 of the brake band 18 and for loosening and, if necessary, tightening of the band brake 15. Used for. For tightening the band brake 15, the operating means pulls the movable end 20 of the brake band 18. Due to the relaxation of the band brake 15, the operating means completely or partially releases the movable end 20 of the brake band 18.

In FIGS. 2 to 4, the first embodiment of the band brake operating means, and the operating device 21 is shown.
The operating device 21 is a connecting arm 22 composed of two vertically elongated connecting plates that are movably coupled to the movable end 20 of the brake band 18, for example, located in parallel with each other with a small parallel spacing. It also has a two-armed lever 23 and a guide arm 24 that forms two vertically long articulated plates that are similarly arranged in parallel and parallel to each other with a small interval.
Further, the operating device 21 is vertically elongated and rotatable by a handle wheel 25 at the upper end 39 having a spindle nut 27 bearing on its threaded spindle for raising the first mode of operation. It comprises a threaded spindle 26 and a pressure medium cylinder formed as a hydraulic cylinder 28 for raising a second mode of operation.

The double-armed lever 23 can swivel between the short lever arm 30 and the long lever arm 31 around a swivel shaft 32 that is immovably supported by the bearing base 14.
The free end 33 of the short lever arm 30 of the bi-armed lever 23 is articulated or rotatable and coupled to the end of the connecting arm 22 opposite the movable end 20 of the brake band 18. ing. The opposite end 34 of the long lever arm 31 of the bi-armed lever 23 is articulated or rotatably coupled to the end 35 of the hydraulic cylinder 28 on the piston rod side.
The end 36 on the cylinder side opposite to the hydraulic cylinder 28 is pivotally attached to the spindle nut 27 so as to be able to move jointly or rotate in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5.
The guide arm 24 is rotatably or rotatably supported by an immovable swivel shaft 32 by one end 37, and the opposite end 38 is rotatably or rotatably pivotable to the spindle nut 27. It is pivotally attached to.

The upper end 39 of the threaded spindle 26, coupled to the handle wheel 25, is rotatable about a laterally oriented axis, or else in a fixed position, of the windlass 10. It is fixed to the holding arm 40 of the bearing base 14.
Thereby, during the manual rotation of the threaded spindle 26 in the handle wheel 25, the spindle nut 27 is screwed in one or the other direction depending on the respective rotation direction of the handle wheel 25. It moves up or down along the longitudinal axis of the attached spindle 26, i.e., according to the figures in FIGS. 2 and 3. At that time, the guide arm 24 keeps the distance of the spindle nut 27 relative to the swivel shaft 32 constant, so that the threaded spindle 26 in the bearing base 14 can swivel around the lateral axis at the upper end 39. Based on immovable bearings, the longitudinal axis of the threaded spindle 26 is supported against lateral swivel.
In this way, the non-operated hydraulic cylinder 28 acts as a connecting member between the spindle nut 27 and the opposite end 34 of the long lever arm 31 of the dual-arm lever 23, thus. The hydraulic cylinder 28, which supports the bicep lever, positions the bicep lever 23 as the spindle nut 27 is moved away from the upper end 39 of the threaded spindle 26. It is swiveled counterclockwise around the fixed swivel shaft 32.
As a result, the end 33 of the short lever arm 30 of the dual-arm lever 23 pulls the movable end 20 to the immovable end 19 of the brake band 18, thereby causing the band brake 15. Tightening is triggered by pressing and close contact of the brake band 18 against the brake surface 17 of the brake drum 16 (FIG. 3).

6 and 7 show selective embodiments of the operating device 41 for tightening and loosening the band brake 15 of the windlass 10. In principle, the operating device 41 corresponds to the operating device 21, for which reason the same reference numerals are used for the same member.

The only difference of the operating device 41 from the operating device 21 is that the cylinder-side end 36 of the hydraulic cylinder 28 is not pivotally attached to the spindle nut 27, but rather to the guide arm 24, and this guide. It is pivotally attached adjacent to the end 38 of the arm 24, whereby the guide arm is pivotally attached to the spindle nut 27.
For this purpose, the guide arm 24 comprises a rotating shaft 42 extending parallel to the swivel shaft 32 in the vicinity of the end 38 of the guide arm that is movably coupled to the spindle nut 27. .. An end portion 36 on the cylinder side of the hydraulic cylinder 28 is rotatably supported on the rotating shaft 42.
Since the rotary shaft 42 is eccentrically located between the end 37 and the end 38 of the guide arm 24, the introduction of the force of the hydraulic cylinder 28 is different from the embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 5. In contrast, it is not done directly to the spindle nut 27, but rather to the guide arm 24 in the vicinity of the spindle nut 27.
In addition, by this, the end 37 and the end 38 of the hydraulic cylinder 28 are located side by side in the retracted state of the hydraulic cylinder 28 closer to each other than in the embodiments from 2 to 5. ing. In other respects, the way and function of the hydraulic cylinder 28 in the embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7 is the same as, or at least comparable to, the embodiments of FIGS. 2-5.

The windlass 10 is provided with a measuring device (not shown in the drawing) for measuring the load of the windlass.
This load can be measured by the output consumption of the electric motor or hydraulic drive of the chain sprocket 11. This measurement, however, can also be made, for example, via a strain gauge, as well as by detecting tension in the drive shaft of the motor, or in the drive shaft 13 of the chain sprocket 11.
Optionally or additionally, load measurements can also be made by detecting tension within the anchor chain. For this purpose, for example, at least one chain ring of the anchor chain is provided with a tension measuring device, for example based on at least one strain gauge. As such, the tension or load values then detected from the anchor chain are advantageously transmitted telemetrically to the controller of Windlass 10.
Load measurements, whether in the drive, in the drive shaft 13, and / or in the anchor chain, are advantageously continuous, phase-to-back and continuous measurements, especially the rules. It is performed by continuous measurement before and after each other at a specific time interval.
The measured load or measured value may be input to the control device for the hydraulic cylinder 28, which in this case depends on the load, in particular the required tightening of the band brake 15. And / or manipulated for relaxation.

The windlass 10 shown in FIGS. 1-3 has an additional winch, not shown, with a mooring rope and other hawsers, such as winch drums for towed hawsers. ..
The winch is coupled to the drive unit of the chain sprocket 11 of the windlass 10 via a joint or transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is advantageously configured such that the chain sprocket 11 is driven in rotation by a drive or the winch drum of the winch is driven in rotation by this drive. The winch or winch drum is advantageously provided with a separate braking device with its own operating device.
In this way, by the sole drive unit of the windlass 10, the chain sprocket 11 is selectively actuated for anchor feeding, dichsolen or pulling, or the winch is moored. Alternatively, it is activated for the towing hawser to dig in or feed out.

The present invention is suitable for anchor winches and / or winches provided with other brakes or braking devices such as drum brakes, disc brakes, or shoe brakes in place of the band brake 15.

Hereinafter, the method according to the present invention will be described in detail in relation to the windlass 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

By the manual operation of the threaded spindle 26 in the handle wheel 25, the brake band 18 is tightened to the extent that the anchor chain having the anchor is gradually extended, that is, lowered at the time of anchoring. At that time, the brake band 18 still allows slipping on the brake surface 17 of the brake drum 16.

As soon as the anchor is fully pulled down and, accordingly, the anchoring process is completed, the band brake 15 is tightened more strongly via the handle wheel 25 so that the anchor is of this anchor. It is held via an anchor chain and a windlass 10. This is due to the force-integrated and frictional engagement between the brake band 18 of the band brake 15 and the brake drum 16 as well as some rings of the anchor chain and the chain sprocket 11 of the windlass 10. It is done by a geometrical fit between and.

In the above, the operation of Windlass 10 according to the first operation mode is described. In the embodiments shown, this first mode of operation is manually performed with a threaded spindle 26 driven in a rotational state by a handle wheel 25 and with the use of an operating device 21. ..

Here, if the anchor having the anchor chain should be hochgeholt again, the windlass 10 is driven in the corresponding rotational direction by a hydraulic or electromotor drive (not shown). In advance, the band brake 15 is fully or at least partially relaxed. This is done manually by rotating the threaded spindle 26 from the handle wheel 25 according to the first mode of operation.

When pulling up an anchor, there may be situations where the force or power of the drive is not sufficient to pull up or further pull up this anchor. For example, this means that the anchor is caught on the bottom of the water, especially on a stoney bottom, and / or strong winds and associated strong wave movements expose the anchor chain to excessive tensile load. As such, it can occur when a high force is applied to the ship.

If the drive unit of Windlass 10 is unable to pull the anchor further due to the effects exemplified above, but not deterministically described, the high tension of the anchor chain causes the drive unit to rotate in the reverse direction. At that time, there is a danger of causing the anchor chain to be pulled out from the windlass 10 instead of pulling up the anchor.
In that case, the drive unit of the windlass 10 no longer holds the anchor chain; and the anchor chain also entrains the chain sprocket 11 and the drive shaft 13 in a rotational state with the brake drum 16 of the windlass 10. And so, by pulling it out of Windras 10, the opposite result is produced.
This results in the risk of loss of the anchor with the anchor chain. In order to prevent this, this method provides a second mode of operation of the windlass 10, and in particular the operating device 21 of the band brake 15 of the windlass 10.

The second mode of operation of the operating device 21 is performed by one driving device and, in the illustrated embodiment, by a hydraulic cylinder 28 provided belonging to the operating device 21 of the brake band 18. This hydraulic cylinder automatically pulls the band brake 15 from the windlass 10 and the unexpected withdrawal of the anchor chain from the windlass 10 automatically, without manual intervention, even under the same most unfavorable conditions. It can be further tightened to the extent that it cannot be obtained.
In the embodiments shown, the second mode of operation, performed by the hydraulic cylinder 28, or similarly by a similar linear drive, thus embodies an emergency stop and / or an emergency brake.

The hydraulic cylinder 28 uses an operating device 21 to rotate the double-armed lever 23 of the operating device 21 in a counterclockwise direction around a turning shaft 32 by feeding the hydraulic cylinder (see FIGS. 2 and 3). As a result, the connecting arm 22 is pulled in the direction toward, for example, the handle wheel 25 by the short lever arm 30 of the double-armed lever 23, thereby tightening the brake band 18. The movable end 20 of the brake band 18 is then moved closer to the immovable end 19 of the brake band 18, which causes the brake band 18 to be moved by greater tension. It is wound around the brake surface 17 of the brake drum 16.
In other words, this causes the brake band 18 to more firmly adhere to the cylindrical brake surface 17 of the brake drum 16.
Thus, with the hydraulic cylinder 28, after the second mode of operation of the windlass 10 performed by the hydraulic cylinder 28, the band brake 15 may in some cases have the band brake 15 on its drive shaft. Friction engagement and / or force integration between the brake band 18 and the brake surface 17 of the brake drum 16 with the drive shaft 13 having the chain sprocket 11 held in a non-swivelable manner. The engagement can be so tight that it is fixed almost non-swivel.
As a result, slipping between the braking surface 17 and the brake band 18 is no longer possible, even under the most unfavorable conditions as well.

Advantageously, the control or adjustment of the hydraulic cylinder 28 that causes the second operation mode is performed depending on the load. For this purpose, at least one load sensor or force sensor belongs to the windlass 10, the chain sprocket 11, and / or the drive device of the drive shaft 13 of the chain sprocket. This sensor is imparted or acted upon by the drive during the pulling or pulling of the anchor, continuously and permanently or at regular time intervals, output or act on the drive. Measure the force.
Selectively or additionally, however, the load acting on the windlass 10 can also be measured in other ways, for example by a strain gauge, which is a drive shaft 13 having a chain sprocket 11, this drive. It is provided in or along with the drive rod of the shaft 13 and / or the anchor chain. Similarly, multiple overlapping transducers of the Windlass 10 and / or anchor chains at the same or different positions can also be considered.

If it is confirmed by at least one output transducer, force transducer, or load transducer that a predetermined limit load or force has been exceeded, the control device causes the Windlass 10 drive to drive this. The device can be deactivated before it is damaged or completely counter-rotated, and at the same time or with some time lag back and forth, according to the second mode of operation of the hydraulic cylinder 28. , The brake band 18 is rotated in the direction opposite to the direction in which the chain sprocket 11 is rotated by the load of the anchor and the anchor chain in the direction in which the drive unit rotates the chain sprocket 11 for pulling up the anchor having the anchor chain, and at that time. By pulling this anchor chain out of the windlass 10, the "emergency braking" mode ensures that the load acting on the windlass 10 never pulls the anchor chain out of the windlass 10 under any circumstances. Tightened.

The load measuring device or the force measuring device is applied to the windlass 10 and / or the anchor chain after the "emergency braking" of the windlass 10 performed according to the second operation mode against the unexpected withdrawal of the anchor chain. The force or load acting on it can also be used to further measure, thus reducing or reducing the overload by the hydraulic cylinder 28 after the second mode of operation, and of the drive unit of Windlass 10. Below the load limit, the band brake 15 is re-relaxed and the drive is re-initiated to re-engage the anchor with the anchor chain during the reduced load of the windlass 10.

The method according to the present invention is carried out exactly as described above by the selectively formed operating device 41 according to FIGS. 6 and 7.

The present invention is suitable not only for the Windlass 10 described above, but also for hawsers such as tow hawsers and / or mooring rope digging and winches for controlled feeding.
In exactly the same way, the method according to the invention can be carried out with a winch. Such a winch is provided belonging to the indicated windlass 10, so that the winch is switchable from anchoring to winch actuation, and thereby selectively anchors. It is also suitable for pulling down and pulling in anchors with chains, however, as well as for pulling in or pulling out hawsers and mooring ropes.
Exactly as well, the present invention is similarly suitable for winches that are also selectively unusable as Windlass 10. In that case, in principle, the chain sprocket 11 of the windlass 10 shown in the figure is replaced with a winch drum.

10 Windlass 11 Chain sprocket 12 Chain ring accommodating part 13 Drive shaft 14 Bearing base 15 Band brake 16 Brake drum 17 Brake surface 18 Brake band 19 End (immobile)
20 End (movable)
21 Operating device 22 Connecting arm 23 Two-armed lever 24 Guide arm 25 Handle wheel 26 Threaded spindle 27 Spindle nut 28 Hydraulic cylinder 29 Bearing 30 Short lever arm 31 Long lever arm 32 Swivel shaft 33 End 34 End 35 Piston Rod side end 36 Cylinder side end 37 End 38 End 39 Upper end 40 Holding arm 41 Operating device

Claims (12)

A method for handling deck equipment on a ship by a hoist for feeding and digging an anchor chain, hawser or mooring rope with an anchor, which has the anchor by loosening the brakes of the hoist. The anchor chain, or the hawser or mooring rope is pulled down,
When the anchor chain, hawser or mooring rope is fully extended, the brake is tightened by the first mode of operation, and
In a method in which the anchor chain having the anchor, the hawser or the mooring rope is pulled by the drive device of the winder when the brake is relaxed, the predetermined load of the drive device of the winder is applied. In the event of an excess, the brake is tightened by the second operation mode.
The second operation mode is performed by the drive device of the brake operation device (21), that is, by the motor type or hydraulic type operation of the operation device (21) .
The operating device (21) of the brake has a manually operable, threaded spindle (26) with a spindle nut (27).
A linear drive device and an end portion (38) of a guide arm (24) are pivotally attached to the spindle nut (27), and
The opposite end (37) of the guide arm (24) is supported by the swivel shaft (32) of the double-armed lever (23).
A method characterized by. The load on the drive unit of the hoist is continuously measured and measured during the digging of the anchor chain, the hawser or the mooring rope, and
A claim characterized in that, upon excess of a preset load, the brake is tightened or more tightly tightened by the second mode of operation and / or the drive unit is stopped. Item 1. The method according to Item 1. The forces acting on the anchor chain, the hawser and / or the mooring rope are continuously detected and, at least when the brake is tightened.
The claim is characterized in that, when the drive device of the winder falls below a predetermined maximum load, the brake is relaxed again by the second operation mode, and the winder is driven again. Item 2. The method according to Item 1 or 2. This hoist is a hoist for ship deck equipment.
Entrainment means for anchor chains, mooring ropes or hawsers that can be driven in rotation by a drive unit,
A mode having at least one brake provided with an operating device (21) that belongs to the entrainment means and can be operated by a first operating mode and, if necessary, by a second operating mode. In the above hoisting machine
The operating device (21) of the brake has a dual-arm lever (23) capable of turning around a fixed position turning shaft (32).
The first lever arm (30) of the two-armed lever is coupled to the connecting arm (22) pivotally attached to the brake so as to be able to move jointly, and
A linear drive device for the second operation mode is connected to the second lever arm (31), and
The operating device (21) of the brake has a manually operable, threaded spindle (26) with a spindle nut (27).
The linear drive device and the end portion (38) of the guide arm (24) are pivotally attached to the spindle nut (27), and
The opposite end (37) of the guide arm (24) is supported by the swivel shaft (32) of the dual arm-shaped lever (23).
A winding machine featuring. The fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that both of the operation modes can be carried out independently of each other, or the second operation mode is superimposed on the first operation mode. Winding machine. The operating device of the brake is, first of all, adjustable according to the first operating mode and, if necessary, retightenable and / or adjustable from the second operating mode. The winder according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it is present. The winding according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the operating device (21) has a motor-type or hydraulic-type drive device for the second operation mode. Machine. The winding machine according to claim 4, wherein the guide arm (24) and the linear drive device are pivotally attached to the spindle nut (27). The winding machine according to claim 4, wherein the linear drive device is pivotally attached to the guide arm (24). A measuring device is provided for detecting the load of the driving device for the anchor chain, the mooring rope or the hawser for digging or feeding, and / or for detecting the slip that occurs in the case of the brake. The winding machine according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the winding machine is characterized by the above. A control device is provided in which the linear drive device is provided for an appropriate change, or at least an increase, in the braking force of the brake, depending on at least one measurement taken by the measuring device. The winding machine according to claim 10, wherein the winding machine is operated. The linear drive device is for at least one pressure medium cylinder, i.e., a hydraulic cylinder (28), and / or for raising the brake, i.e., the second mode of operation of the brake operating device (21). The winding machine according to any one of claims 4 to 11, further comprising a motor-operated spindle drive device.

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