CN109049918B - 一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜,防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜为共挤流延复合膜;由外至内依次包括聚丙烯材质的电晕层、芯层和热封层;热封层的原料组成包括聚丙烯无规共聚物、茂金属聚乙烯和含ε‑聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂,共混高分子抗菌剂由ε‑聚赖氨酸和聚乙烯醇在塑化剂和水存在下共混反应干燥制得。本发明抗菌阻隔聚乙烯包装膜中共混高分子抗菌剂引入可增加热封层表面的亲水基团数量,在不另外添加防雾剂的前提下,热封层在接近零度时防雾效果良好。本发明还公开了一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜的制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品包装薄膜技术领域,具体涉及一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
流延聚丙烯膜(CPP)是通过熔体流延骤冷生产的一种无拉伸、非定向的平挤薄膜,具有高透明、易热封、韧性好的特点,广泛应用于日用化学品包装,也可作为软包装中高温蒸煮膜、复合膜内层热封材料使用。复合CPP流延聚丙烯膜的优点在于薄膜性能兼具多个膜层的各自优点,且成本较低。例如用于蒸煮的二层共挤CPP,能承受120℃和15Mpa压力的蒸煮杀菌,既能保持内部食品的形状和风味,又具有优良的尺寸稳定性;蒸煮型的三层PP膜用于包装烧鸡、烧排骨和果酱、饮料等,能满足121~135℃高温杀菌的需要。
三层CPP膜的结构包括电晕层、芯层和热封层,电晕层和芯层的基材为均聚PP/均聚PP,热封层的基材为共聚PP。为了满足高速制袋和包装的要求,需要在电晕层和/或热封层中掺入开口剂,而在芯层中掺入小分子的爽滑剂,开口剂在薄膜表面形成微观的凹凸表面,而爽滑剂持续迁移到相应的膜层表面,以降低薄膜表面的摩擦系数。进一步的,热封层中还会加入抗静电剂、防雾剂等。现有技术中CPP防雾剂如含聚乙烯醇、聚烯烃和酯化的聚乙烯醇的复合物、醋酸乙烯酯和新戊酸乙烯酯等在接近零度时防雾效果不理想,而现有技术中薄膜的抗菌多采用无机抗菌剂,不仅影响薄膜的透明度,生产成本也较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,提供一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜,其热封层中含有ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂,抗菌剂的加入,使得薄膜表面具有较多的亲水基团,接近零度时防雾效果良好。
实现上述技术效果,本发明的技术方案为:一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜,所述防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜为共挤流延复合膜;由外至内依次包括聚丙烯材质的电晕层、芯层和热封层;其特征在于,热封层的原料组成包括聚丙烯无规共聚物、茂金属聚乙烯和含ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂,所述共混高分子抗菌剂由ε-聚赖氨酸和聚乙烯醇在塑化剂和水存在下共混反应干燥制得。
优选的技术方案为,按重量份数计,热封层的原料组成为聚丙烯无规共聚物91.3~96.5份、茂金属聚乙烯1.5~2.3份、开口剂0.1~1.7份、高分子抗菌剂2~4份。
优选的技术方案为,所述丙烯无规共聚物为聚丙烯二元无规共聚物或聚丙烯三元无规共聚物,丙烯无规共聚物的熔融指数为7~7.5g/10min。上述熔融指数的丙烯无规共聚物的熔融温度均在145℃左右,上述温度条件下ε-聚赖氨酸与聚乙烯醇的共混高分子抗菌剂热失重较小,低于150℃的条件下共混高分子抗菌剂失重表现为结合水的损失,对ε-聚赖氨酸的抗菌性能影响小。
为了满足食品包装薄膜对于塑化剂的限制要求,优选的技术方案为,所述塑化剂为甘油。
优选的技术方案为,ε-聚赖氨酸的聚合度为30~35,聚乙烯醇的聚合度为1200~1700,ε-聚赖氨酸与聚乙烯醇的共混配比为1:(1.5~3)。聚合度进一步限定的ε-聚赖氨酸和聚乙烯醇相容性良好,共混产物中无明显的颗粒或结晶。
优选的技术方案为,芯层的原料组成为均聚聚丙烯和爽滑剂,100份芯层原料中爽滑剂的重量份数为0.5~1.5份,爽滑剂为油酸酰胺和/或芥酸酰胺。小分子的爽滑剂可向电晕层表面迁移,增加电晕表面凹凸结构中的爽滑剂量,从而降低薄膜表面的摩擦系数。
优选的技术方案为,电晕层的原料组成包括均聚聚丙烯、开口剂和抗氧剂,100份电晕层原料中包含开口剂0.5~2份和抗氧剂0.05~0.3份。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜的制备方法,包括含ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂的制备步骤:将塑化剂、聚乙烯醇和聚赖氨酸溶解在水中,搅拌均匀,加热至87~91℃,保温反应直至形成透明均匀溶液,干燥,得含ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂。
优选的技术方案为,反应体系中甘油的质量浓度与ε-聚赖氨酸的质量浓度之比为(0.8~1.1):1。反应体系中甘油的加入量过大或者反应温度较低,均会导致甘油单体过量,甘油随共混高分子抗菌剂加入到薄膜中,热封时对薄膜加热,会导致少量的甘油迁移至热封层表面,进而影响薄膜的热封强度。
本发明的目的之三在于提供上述防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜作为蒸煮膜的应用。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于:
本发明抗菌阻隔聚乙烯包装膜的热封层中含有聚丙烯基材、金属聚乙烯和含ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂,其中共混高分子抗菌剂由ε-聚赖氨酸和聚乙烯醇在塑化剂和水存在下共混反应干燥制得,共混高分子抗菌剂引入可增加热封层表面的亲水基团数量,在不另外添加防雾剂的前提下,热封层接近零度时防雾效果良好;
共混高分子抗菌剂具有优良的生物相容性和抗菌性能,对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌均有很好的抑菌活性和抑菌持久性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
电晕层
聚丙烯薄膜属于非极性结晶材料,对油墨的亲和性较差,因此电晕层的表面需要经过电晕处理。电晕层材质的主要组成为聚丙烯基材、开口剂、抗氧剂。上述的聚丙烯基材除均聚聚丙烯外,还可选择以乙烯-丙烯二元共聚聚丙烯或乙烯-丙烯-丁烯三元共聚聚丙烯为材质。
芯层
芯层的主要组成为聚丙烯基材和爽滑剂,聚丙烯基材通常采用均聚聚丙烯,进一步的,还采用无规共聚物改性的均聚聚丙烯。芯层的厚度通常大于电晕层和热封层,以减小爽滑剂的迁移路径长度。
热封层
热封层的主要组成为聚丙烯基材、开口剂或爽滑剂以及防雾剂,聚丙烯基材通常采用聚丙烯无规共聚物,或者加入茂金属聚乙烯、热塑性弹性体加以改性。
丙烯无规共聚物
优选的丙烯无规共聚物的熔融指数为7~7.5g/10min。常用的型号包括独山子石化公司的W0723F、W725EF、上海石化的F800E、新加坡TPC的FL7540,W0723F、W725EF和F800E为丙烯-丁烯二元无规共聚物,FL7540为丙烯-乙烯-丁烯三元共聚物。
茂金属聚乙烯
作为聚丙烯的改性材料,茂金属聚乙烯的具体型号选择范围包括:杜邦ENGAGE8842、8100、8200、8150、8480等。
实施例
实施例防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜为共挤流延复合膜;由外至内依次包括聚丙烯材质的电晕层、芯层和热封层;热封层的原料组成包括聚丙烯无规共聚物、茂金属聚乙烯和含ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂,共混高分子抗菌剂由ε-聚赖氨酸和聚乙烯醇在塑化剂和水存在下共混反应干燥制得,
实施例1-4和对比例1-2热封层的原料组分含量见下表:
实施例1含ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂的制备步骤:将塑化剂、聚乙烯醇和聚赖氨酸溶解在水中,搅拌均匀,加热至50℃,保温反应直至形成透明均匀溶液,干燥,得含ε-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂;反应体系中甘油的质量浓度与ε-聚赖氨酸的质量浓度之比为1.5:1;芯层的原料组成为均聚聚丙烯和爽滑剂,100份芯层原料中爽滑剂的重量份数为0.5~1.5份,爽滑剂为芥酸酰胺。
电晕层的原料组成包括均聚聚丙烯、开口剂和抗氧剂,100份电晕层原料中包含开口剂0.5~2份和抗氧剂0.05~0.3份。
实施例1中塑化剂采用甘油,聚丙烯无规共聚物型号为韩国三星的FR402(熔融指数为6.5),茂金属聚乙烯采用杜邦ENGAGE 8842;ε-聚赖氨酸的聚合度为25~30,聚乙烯醇的聚合度为1750~1850,均聚聚丙烯采用泰国Cementhai的P607F。
实施例2聚丙烯无规共聚物型号为独山子石化公司的W0723F,实施例3聚丙烯无规共聚物型号为上海石化的F800E,实施例4聚丙烯无规共聚物型号为新加坡TPC的FL7540;实施例2-4中ε-聚赖氨酸的聚合度为30~35,聚乙烯醇的聚合度为1200~1700;ε-聚赖氨酸与聚乙烯醇的共混配比为1:1.5。
实施例5-6
实施例5-6与实施例4的区别在于,ε-聚赖氨酸与聚乙烯醇的共混配比分别为1:3和1:2.2。
实施例7-8
实施例7-8中共混温度为87~91℃,反应体系中甘油的质量浓度与ε-聚赖氨酸的质量浓度之比分别为0.8:1和1.1:1。
上述电晕层、芯层和热封层材料分别经过三台单螺杆挤出机进行熔融,再经过配料块连接器、T型模头共挤和流延冷却定型成复合膜(电晕层、芯层和热封层的厚度之比为1:2:1,复合膜厚度55μm)。
性能评价方式及实行标准:
1、实施例和对比例的聚丙烯薄膜的热封强度按ZBY280004方法测试;
2、采用GB/T 31726-2015中的冷雾法对聚丙烯薄膜的防雾性能进行评价,评价标准:1,完全透明、无水滴;2,透明性较好,有少量不均匀大水滴,50%以上面积视力表的清洗程度与实验前完全一致;3,基本透明,有较多水滴;4,半透明,有很多小水珠;5,完全不透明。
3、热封层表面抗菌性能参照QB/T 2591-2003《抗菌塑料-抗菌性能试验方法和抗菌效果》(贴膜法)测试。
实施例1-8以及对比例1-2的测试结果见下表:
上表中实施例7和实施例8的热封性能取决于共混反应的甘油余量,甘油迁移对于薄膜热封性能的影响明显;由于ε-聚赖氨酸具有良好的热稳定性和较小的热失重,抗菌效果主要取决于薄膜中ε-聚赖氨酸的含量,薄膜的防雾性能主要取决于共混反应程度,升温至87~91℃能改善共混体系中两种物质的相容性。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜,所述防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜为共挤流延复合膜;由外至内依次包括聚丙烯材质的电晕层、芯层和热封层;其特征在于,热封层的原料组成包括聚丙烯无规共聚物、茂金属聚乙烯和含Ɛ-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂,所述共混高分子抗菌剂由Ɛ-聚赖氨酸和聚乙烯醇在塑化剂和水存在下共混反应干燥制得;所述丙烯无规共聚物为聚丙烯二元无规共聚物或聚丙烯三元无规共聚物,丙烯无规共聚物的熔融指数为7~7.5g/10min;
所述塑化剂为甘油;含Ɛ-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂的制备步骤:将塑化剂、聚乙烯醇和聚赖氨酸溶解在水中,搅拌均匀,加热至87~91℃,保温反应直至形成透明均匀溶液,干燥,得含Ɛ-聚赖氨酸的共混高分子抗菌剂;反应体系中甘油的质量浓度与Ɛ-聚赖氨酸的质量浓度之比为(0.8~1.1):1;
按重量份数计,热封层的原料组成为聚丙烯无规共聚物91.3~96.5份、茂金属聚乙烯1.5~2.3份、开口剂0.1~1.7份、高分子抗菌剂2~4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜,其特征在于,Ɛ-聚赖氨酸的聚合度为30~35,聚乙烯醇的聚合度为1200~1700,Ɛ-聚赖氨酸与聚乙烯醇的共混配比为1:(1.5~3)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜,其特征在于,芯层的原料组成为均聚聚丙烯和爽滑剂,100份芯层原料中爽滑剂的重量份数为0.5~1.5份,爽滑剂为油酸酰胺和/或芥酸酰胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜,其特征在于,电晕层的原料组成包括均聚聚丙烯、开口剂和抗氧剂,100份电晕层原料中包含开口剂0.5~2份和抗氧剂0.05~0.3份。
5.权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的防雾增韧抗菌流延聚丙烯食品包装膜作为蒸煮膜的应用。
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