CN109042179A - A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam Download PDFInfo
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- CN109042179A CN109042179A CN201810712050.0A CN201810712050A CN109042179A CN 109042179 A CN109042179 A CN 109042179A CN 201810712050 A CN201810712050 A CN 201810712050A CN 109042179 A CN109042179 A CN 109042179A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, comprising the following steps: (1) choose seeds；(2) vernalization；(3) selection of land；(4) potato kind is transplanted；(5) weeding is applied fertilizer；(6) draw and tie up；(7) water management.The implantation methods of Chinese yam of the present invention, soil selection science, fertilising is reasonable, be conducive to the absorption of Chinese yam, and promote its quickly, grow vigorously, adaptable wide feature, the Chinese yam planted have the advantages that tie potato it is straight and uniformly, single rate is high, quality is excellent, it can be achieved that high yield, high-quality, efficient plantation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam.
Background technique
Chinese yam is also referred to as Chinese yam also known as Chinese yam and long taro, belongs to Dioscoreaceae, edible with its loose root tuber or cylindric.
Root tuber is starch-containing and protein, and containing multivitamin and choline etc., dual-purpose of drug and food, have spleen strengthening and digestion promoting, qi-restoratives labor,
The effect of QI invigorating is a kind of efficient industrial crops.
In order to guarantee the quality of Chinese yam, plantation field need to keep fertile, and Chinese yam traditional cultivation method is excessively simple due to plantation fertilizer
It is single, field is planted with the multiple plantation of Chinese yam, fertility gradually decays, Chinese yam survival rate, gained inferior quality, low output,
The large area development of this specialty industries of Chinese yam is hindered to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, this method has the absorption and increase for promoting nutrient
The characteristics of Chinese yam yield.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) it chooses seeds: choosing higher maternal plant yield, even thickness, health, plentiful potato wedge and make potato kind；
(2) potato kind: being cut into the potato wedge of 8-10cm by vernalization, and potato seed notch is soaked in thimerosal to take out after 30-45min and use
Clear water is cleaned and is dried, and kind of a Chinese yam is piled up on seedling bed, and paving wet sand 3-5cm is thick, and overlay film is kept the temperature after pouring 34-38 DEG C of water, is protected
Holding nursery bed tempertaure is 22-26 DEG C, can be transplanted when ganoid konjaku taro sprouts 1-1.5cm；
(3) selection of land: selection soil layer it is deep it is fertile, irrigate convenience, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, the soil that the soil is porous or
Then sandy soil, soil deeptillage are leveled land, trench digging is furrow, the wide 120-130cm of furrow plane, furrow high 30-40cm, furrow width 45-
55cm；
(4) it transplants potato kind: being planted using double row sowing, density spacing 40-50cm, spacing in the rows 20-25cm；
(5) weeding is applied fertilizer: mid-April applies fertilizer for the first time, per acre soil application 40-50kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 50-60kg
Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late June applies fertilizer for the second time, per acre soil application 50-55kg potassium sulphate fertilizer, 25-35kg slow-release carbamide and 40-
50kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late August third time is applied fertilizer, per acre soil application 100-120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30-40kg Chinese yam
Special fertilizer；The 4th top dressing of late October, soil application 100-120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30-40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer per acre,
Observe weeds, timely weeding；
(6) draw and tie up: when the long 10-15cm of Chinese yam seedling, the setting support column in furrow plane, by the main rattan traction constraint of Chinese yam seedling
It is fixed in bracket upright post, every plant is only stayed a main rattan, cuts off remaining side shoot, lateral bud；Terminal bud is extractd after the long 1.8-2.5m of rattan；With
As long as growing lateral bud on main rattan afterwards, will extract in time；
(7) water management: using common water management method, and drouth is poured water, and two seasons drained in time, the potato in July to August
The block rapid expanding phase keeps ground moistening.
Further, in the step (3), soil deeptillage and it is sprinkled into pulverized limestone 80-90kg and base manure 100- per acre for the first time
150kg removes weeds, clears up plant and animal residues and bulk chad big in soil, dilutes 500-600 using 10% carbendazim
Times liquid sprays soil, and sprinkling in every 15-20 days is once.
Further, the base manure is mainly prepared by the following method: by weight, by 150-200 parts of swamp types
Humus, 50-60 part dregs of beans, 30-40 parts of silkworm excrements, 40-50 parts of urea, 3-6 parts of potassium sorbates, 5-8 parts of yeast seleniums, 2-6 parts of sulphur
Sour zinc, 1-3 part amino acid, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 300-500 parts of deionized water mixing, are added in reaction vessel, are in temperature
30-35 DEG C, mixing speed be 150-200r/min and ultrasonic frequency be 3000-3500Hz under conditions of stir 15-20min,
Then it puts into fermentation vat, is sealed by fermentation 20-25d, obtains the base manure.
Further, the thimerosal is the carbendazim solution that concentration is 1.5-1.8% and the agriculture that concentration is 0.1-0.2%
The mixed solution formed with Streptomycin Solution.
Further, in the step (5), Chinese yam special fertilizer is mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight: cow dung 120-
150 parts, 50-60 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 15-25 parts of potassium dihydrogen sulfate, 10-15 parts of copper sulphate, calcium superphosphate 5-
10 parts and polyacrylamide 5-10 parts.
Further, in the step (5), Chinese yam special fertilizer is mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight: cow dung 130
Part, 55 parts of pig manure, 25 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 20 parts of potassium dihydrogen sulfate, 13 parts of copper sulphate, 14 parts of calcium superphosphate and polyacrylamide 8
Part.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, the implantation methods of Chinese yam of the present invention, soil selection science, fertilising rationally, are conducive to the absorption of Chinese yam, and promote
Its quickly, grow vigorously, rhizome form is good, and yield is high.The Chinese yam planted has knot potato directly and uniform, single rate height, product
Advantage of fine quality is, it can be achieved that high yield, high-quality, efficient plantation.
2, the present invention is 1.5-1.8%'s with concentration when ganoid konjaku taro vernalization using Chinese yam potato wedge best in quality as potato kind
The mixed solution for the agricultural streptomycin solution composition that carbendazim solution and concentration are 0.1-0.2% impregnates ganoid konjaku taro, can make Chinese yam
Breeding is fast and effective, and the merit that maternal plant can be made to have is saved, and kind substantially increases the survival rate of potato kind, is
The fertility for improving Chinese yam planting site applies swamp type humus, dregs of beans, silkworm excrement, urea, potassium sorbate, yeast in site preparation
Selenium, zinc sulfate, amino acid, fertilizer made of magnesium sulfate can supply nutrient needed for Chinese yam growth course, be as base manure
Good soil conditions are created in the growth and development of Chinese yam, also play the role of improveing soil.When transplanting potato kind, rational close planting is to improve
The effective measures of Chinese yam yield make the rhizome of Chinese yam that more nutrition can be absorbed.The rule that the present invention is grown also according to Chinese yam,
Nutrition fertilizer needed for imposing Chinese yam special fertilizer and the growth of other Chinese yams respectively in the different times of Chinese yam growth, and it is special with Chinese yam
Based on fertilizer, Chinese yam special fertilizer can promote new slightly with the growth of blade, and greatly facilitate effect to Chinese yam quality.Chinese yam
Special fertilizer not only contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the basic need supplemented with Chinese yam growth, and will not be made using suitable Chinese yam special fertilizer
At its excessive waste.Draw the side shoot for tiing up and extracing Chinese yam, lateral bud in due course in planting process, can prevent tendril to nutrition at
The absorption divided, further achievees the purpose that Chinese yam high yield.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.It should be noted that specific embodiments of the present invention are only
It is that and cannot function as a kind of limitation of the scope of the present invention in order to clearer description technique scheme.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) it chooses seeds: choosing higher maternal plant yield, even thickness, health, plentiful potato wedge and make potato kind；
(2) potato kind: being cut into the potato wedge of 8cm by vernalization, and potato seed notch is soaked in thimerosal that taking-up is washed with clear water after 30min
Only it and dries, the agricultural streptomycin solution composition that the thimerosal is the carbendazim solution that concentration is 1.5% and concentration is 0.1%
Mixed solution；Kind of a Chinese yam is piled up on seedling bed, paving wet sand 3cm is thick, and overlay film is kept the temperature after pouring 34 DEG C of water, keeps nursery bed temperature
Degree is 22 DEG C, can be transplanted when ganoid konjaku taro sprouts 1cm；
(3) selection of land: selection soil layer it is deep it is fertile, irrigate convenience, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, the soil that the soil is porous or
Then sandy soil, soil deeptillage are leveled land, trench digging is furrow, the wide 120cm of furrow plane, furrow high 30cm, furrow width 45cm；
(4) it transplants potato kind: being planted using double row sowing, density spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 20cm；Soil deeptillage and per acre for the first time
It is sprinkled into pulverized limestone 80kg and base manure 100kg, removes weeds, clears up plant and animal residues and bulk chad big in soil, is used
10% carbendazim dilutes 500 times of liquid and sprays soil, and sprinkling in every 15 days is primary, and the base manure is mainly prepared by the following method:
By weight, by 150 parts of swamp type humus, 50 parts of dregs of beans, 30 parts of silkworm excrements, 40 parts of urea, 3 parts of potassium sorbates, 5 parts of yeast
Selenium, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of amino acid, 1 part of magnesium sulfate and 300 parts of deionized water mixing, are added in reaction vessel, are 30 in temperature
DEG C, mixing speed be 150r/min and ultrasonic frequency be 3000Hz under conditions of stir 15min, then put into fermentation vat in,
It is sealed by fermentation 20d, obtains the base manure；
(5) weeding is applied fertilizer: mid-April applies fertilizer for the first time, and soil application 40kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 50kg Chinese yam are special per acre
With fertilizer；Late June applies fertilizer for the second time, per acre soil application 50kg potassium sulphate fertilizer, 25kg slow-release carbamide and 40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；
Late August third time is applied fertilizer, per acre soil application 100kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late October the 4th time
Top dressing, soil application 100kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30kg Chinese yam special fertilizer, observe weeds, timely weeding per acre；The Chinese yam is special
It is mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight with fertilizer: 120 parts of cow dung, 50 parts of pig manure, 20 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 15
Part, 10 parts of copper sulphate, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate and 5 parts of polyacrylamide；
(6) draw and tie up: when the long 10cm of Chinese yam seedling, the setting support column in furrow plane is solid by the main rattan traction constraint of Chinese yam seedling
It is scheduled in bracket upright post, every plant is only stayed a main rattan, cuts off remaining side shoot, lateral bud；Terminal bud is extractd after the long 1.8m of rattan；As long as later
Lateral bud is grown on main rattan, will be extractd in time；
(7) water management: using common water management method, and drouth is poured water, and two seasons drained in time, the potato in July to August
The block rapid expanding phase keeps ground moistening.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) it chooses seeds: choosing higher maternal plant yield, even thickness, health, plentiful potato wedge and make potato kind；
(2) potato kind: being cut into the potato wedge of 10cm by vernalization, and potato seed notch is soaked in thimerosal taking-up clear water after 45min
It cleans and dries, the agricultural streptomycin solution group that the thimerosal is the carbendazim solution that concentration is 1.8% and concentration is 0.2%
At mixed solution；Kind of a Chinese yam is piled up on seedling bed, paving wet sand 5cm is thick, and overlay film is kept the temperature after pouring 38 DEG C of water, keeps seedling bed
Temperature is 26 DEG C, can be transplanted when ganoid konjaku taro sprouts 1.5cm；
(3) selection of land: selection soil layer it is deep it is fertile, irrigate convenience, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, the soil that the soil is porous or
Then sandy soil, soil deeptillage are leveled land, trench digging is furrow, the wide 130cm of furrow plane, furrow high 40cm, furrow width 55cm；
(4) it transplants potato kind: being planted using double row sowing, density spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm；Soil deeptillage and per acre for the first time
It is sprinkled into pulverized limestone 90kg and base manure 150kg, removes weeds, clears up plant and animal residues and bulk chad big in soil, is used
10% carbendazim dilutes 600 times of liquid and sprays soil, and sprinkling in every 20 days is primary, and the base manure is mainly prepared by the following method:
By weight, by 200 parts of swamp type humus, 60 parts of dregs of beans, 40 parts of silkworm excrements, 50 parts of urea, 6 parts of potassium sorbates, 8 parts of yeast
Selenium, 6 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of amino acid, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 500 parts of deionized water mixing, are added in reaction vessel, are 35 in temperature
DEG C, mixing speed be 200r/min and ultrasonic frequency be 3500Hz under conditions of stir 20min, then put into fermentation vat in,
It is sealed by fermentation 25d, obtains the base manure；
(5) weeding is applied fertilizer: mid-April applies fertilizer for the first time, and soil application 50kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 60kg Chinese yam are special per acre
With fertilizer；Late June applies fertilizer for the second time, per acre soil application 55kg potassium sulphate fertilizer, 35kg slow-release carbamide and 50kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；
Late August third time is applied fertilizer, per acre soil application 120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late October the 4th time
Top dressing, soil application 120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer, observe weeds, timely weeding per acre；The Chinese yam is special
It is mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight with fertilizer: 150 parts of cow dung, 60 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 25
Part, 15 parts of copper sulphate, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate and 10 parts of polyacrylamide；
(6) draw and tie up: when the long 15cm of Chinese yam seedling, the setting support column in furrow plane is solid by the main rattan traction constraint of Chinese yam seedling
It is scheduled in bracket upright post, every plant is only stayed a main rattan, cuts off remaining side shoot, lateral bud；Terminal bud is extractd after the long 2.5m of rattan；As long as later
Lateral bud is grown on main rattan, will be extractd in time；
(7) water management: using common water management method, and drouth is poured water, and two seasons drained in time, the potato in July to August
The block rapid expanding phase keeps ground moistening.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) it chooses seeds: choosing higher maternal plant yield, even thickness, health, plentiful potato wedge and make potato kind；
(2) potato kind: being cut into the potato wedge of 8-10cm by vernalization, and potato seed notch is soaked in thimerosal to take out after 30-45min and use
Clear water is cleaned and is dried, and the thimerosal is that the agricultural streptomycin that carbendazim solution and the concentration that concentration is 1.6% are 0.1% is molten
The mixed solution of liquid composition；Kind of a Chinese yam is piled up on seedling bed, paving wet sand 3cm is thick, and overlay film is kept the temperature after pouring 34 DEG C of water, keeps educating
Nursery bed temperature is 22 DEG C, can be transplanted when ganoid konjaku taro sprouts 1cm；
(3) selection of land: selection soil layer it is deep it is fertile, irrigate convenience, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, the soil that the soil is porous or
Then sandy soil, soil deeptillage are leveled land, trench digging is furrow, the wide 120cm of furrow plane, furrow high 30cm, furrow width 45cm；
(4) it transplants potato kind: being planted using double row sowing, density spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 20cm；Soil deeptillage and per acre for the first time
It is sprinkled into pulverized limestone 82kg and base manure 110kg, removes weeds, clears up plant and animal residues and bulk chad big in soil, is used
10% carbendazim dilutes 510 times of liquid and sprays soil, and sprinkling in every 17 days is primary, and the base manure is mainly prepared by the following method:
By weight, by 160 parts of swamp type humus, 52 parts of dregs of beans, 32 parts of silkworm excrements, 41 parts of urea, 4 parts of potassium sorbates, 6 parts of yeast
Selenium, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.5 parts of amino acid, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate and 310 parts of deionized water mixing, are added in reaction vessel, in temperature
For 31 DEG C, mixing speed be 160r/min and ultrasonic frequency be 3100Hz under conditions of stir 16min, then put into fermentation vat
In, it is sealed by fermentation 21d, obtains the base manure；
(5) weeding is applied fertilizer: mid-April applies fertilizer for the first time, and soil application 40kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 50kg Chinese yam are special per acre
With fertilizer；Late June applies fertilizer for the second time, per acre soil application 50kg potassium sulphate fertilizer, 25kg slow-release carbamide and 40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；
Late August third time is applied fertilizer, per acre soil application 100kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late October the 4th time
Top dressing, soil application 100kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30kg Chinese yam special fertilizer, observe weeds, timely weeding per acre；The Chinese yam is special
It is mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight with fertilizer: 130 parts of cow dung, 52 parts of pig manure, 21 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 17
Part, 11 parts of copper sulphate, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate and 6 parts of polyacrylamide；
(6) draw and tie up: when the long 10cm of Chinese yam seedling, the setting support column in furrow plane is solid by the main rattan traction constraint of Chinese yam seedling
It is scheduled in bracket upright post, every plant is only stayed a main rattan, cuts off remaining side shoot, lateral bud；Terminal bud is extractd after the long 1.8m of rattan；As long as later
Lateral bud is grown on main rattan, will be extractd in time；
(7) water management: using common water management method, and drouth is poured water, and two seasons drained in time, the potato in July to August
The block rapid expanding phase keeps ground moistening.
Embodiment 4
A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) it chooses seeds: choosing higher maternal plant yield, even thickness, health, plentiful potato wedge and make potato kind；
(2) potato kind: being cut into the potato wedge of 10cm by vernalization, and potato seed notch is soaked in thimerosal taking-up clear water after 45min
It cleans and dries, the agricultural streptomycin solution group that the thimerosal is the carbendazim solution that concentration is 1.7% and concentration is 0.2%
At mixed solution；Kind of a Chinese yam is piled up on seedling bed, paving wet sand 5cm is thick, and overlay film is kept the temperature after pouring 38 DEG C of water, keeps seedling bed
Temperature is 26 DEG C, can be transplanted when ganoid konjaku taro sprouts 1.5cm；
(3) selection of land: selection soil layer it is deep it is fertile, irrigate convenience, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, the soil that the soil is porous or
Then sandy soil, soil deeptillage are leveled land, trench digging is furrow, the wide 130cm of furrow plane, furrow high 40cm, furrow width 55cm；
(4) it transplants potato kind: being planted using double row sowing, density spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm；Soil deeptillage and per acre for the first time
It is sprinkled into pulverized limestone 89kg and base manure 140kg, removes weeds, clears up plant and animal residues and bulk chad big in soil, is used
10% carbendazim dilutes 520 times of liquid and sprays soil, and sprinkling in every 18 days is primary, and the base manure is mainly prepared by the following method:
By weight, by 170 parts of swamp type humus, 56 parts of dregs of beans, 38 parts of silkworm excrements, 48 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium sorbates, 7 parts of yeast
Selenium, 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.5 parts of amino acid, 2.5 parts of magnesium sulfate and 450 parts of deionized water mixing, are added in reaction vessel, in temperature
For 34 DEG C, mixing speed be 190r/min and ultrasonic frequency be 3400Hz under conditions of stir 19min, then put into fermentation vat
In, it is sealed by fermentation 24d, obtains the base manure；
(5) weeding is applied fertilizer: mid-April applies fertilizer for the first time, and soil application 50kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 60kg Chinese yam are special per acre
With fertilizer；Late June applies fertilizer for the second time, per acre soil application 55kg potassium sulphate fertilizer, 35kg slow-release carbamide and 50kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；
Late August third time is applied fertilizer, per acre soil application 120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late October the 4th time
Top dressing, soil application 120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer, observe weeds, timely weeding per acre；The Chinese yam is special
It is mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight with fertilizer: 140 parts of cow dung, 59 parts of pig manure, 29 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 23
Part, 14 parts of copper sulphate, 9 parts of calcium superphosphate and 9 parts of polyacrylamide；
(6) draw and tie up: when the long 15cm of Chinese yam seedling, the setting support column in furrow plane is solid by the main rattan traction constraint of Chinese yam seedling
It is scheduled in bracket upright post, every plant is only stayed a main rattan, cuts off remaining side shoot, lateral bud；Terminal bud is extractd after the long 2.5m of rattan；As long as later
Lateral bud is grown on main rattan, will be extractd in time；
(7) water management: using common water management method, and drouth is poured water, and two seasons drained in time, the potato in July to August
The block rapid expanding phase keeps ground moistening.
Embodiment 5
A kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, comprising the following steps:
(1) it chooses seeds: choosing higher maternal plant yield, even thickness, health, plentiful potato wedge and make potato kind；
(2) potato kind: being cut into the potato wedge of 9cm by vernalization, and potato seed notch, which is soaked in thimerosal after 30-45min, to be taken out with clear
Water is cleaned and is dried, the agricultural streptomycin solution that the thimerosal is the carbendazim solution that concentration is 1.6% and concentration is 0.1%
The mixed solution of composition；Kind of a Chinese yam is piled up on seedling bed, paving wet sand 4cm is thick, and overlay film is kept the temperature after pouring 35 DEG C of water, keeps nursery
Bed tempertaure is 24 DEG C, can be transplanted when ganoid konjaku taro sprouts 1.2cm；
(3) selection of land: selection soil layer it is deep it is fertile, irrigate convenience, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, the soil that the soil is porous or
Then sandy soil, soil deeptillage are leveled land, trench digging is furrow, the wide 125cm of furrow plane, furrow high 35cm, furrow width 50cm；
(4) it transplants potato kind: being planted using double row sowing, density spacing 45cm, spacing in the rows 22cm；Soil deeptillage and per acre for the first time
It is sprinkled into pulverized limestone 85kg and base manure 130kg, removes weeds, clears up plant and animal residues and bulk chad big in soil, is used
10% carbendazim dilutes 515 times of liquid and sprays soil, and sprinkling in every 19 days is primary, and the base manure is mainly prepared by the following method:
By weight, by 165 parts of swamp type humus, 55 parts of dregs of beans, 35 parts of silkworm excrements, 47 parts of urea, 4.5 parts of potassium sorbates, 6.5 parts
Yeast selenium, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of amino acid, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate and 400 parts of deionized water mixing, are added in reaction vessel, in temperature
For 32 DEG C, mixing speed be 180r/min and ultrasonic frequency be 3200Hz under conditions of stir 18min, then put into fermentation vat
In, it is sealed by fermentation 23d, obtains the base manure；
(5) weeding is applied fertilizer: mid-April applies fertilizer for the first time, and soil application 45kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 55kg Chinese yam are special per acre
With fertilizer；Late June applies fertilizer for the second time, per acre soil application 52kg potassium sulphate fertilizer, 30kg slow-release carbamide and 45kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；
Late August third time is applied fertilizer, per acre soil application 115kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 35kg Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late October the 4th time
Top dressing, soil application 115kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 35kg Chinese yam special fertilizer, observe weeds, timely weeding per acre；The Chinese yam is special
With fertilizer mainly by the raw material of following parts by weight be made 130 parts of cow dung, 55 parts of pig manure, 25 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 20 parts of potassium dihydrogen sulfate,
13 parts of copper sulphate, 14 parts of calcium superphosphate and 8 parts of polyacrylamide；
(6) draw and tie up: when the long 12cm of Chinese yam seedling, the setting support column in furrow plane is solid by the main rattan traction constraint of Chinese yam seedling
It is scheduled in bracket upright post, every plant is only stayed a main rattan, cuts off remaining side shoot, lateral bud；Terminal bud is extractd after the long 2m of rattan；As long as later main
Lateral bud is grown on rattan, will be extractd in time；
(7) water management: using common water management method, and drouth is poured water, and two seasons drained in time, the potato in July to August
The block rapid expanding phase keeps ground moistening.
A kind of nursery of Chinese yam of the present invention and the comparative example of implantation methods has also been devised in applicant, specific as follows:
Comparative example
Chinese yam special fertilizer used when weeding top dressing in embodiment is changed into other organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer be with
Machine selection, random combine, other methods are identical as the present invention.
The following table 1 is planted using embodiment 1-5 and using the implantation methods of comparative example, the average yield feelings per acre of Chinese yam
Condition.
Table 1
| Comparative example | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | |
| Yield (jin) | 3400 | 3800 | 3820 | 3810 | 3850 | 3750 |
By table 1 it is found that the yield of Chinese yam is than comparative example after using the implantation methods planting Chinese yam of the embodiment of the present invention
Height, for example embodiment 4 is compared with comparative example, the yield using the implantation methods Chinese yam of the present embodiment 4 is more than comparative example
450 jin.Its reason is to apply fertilizers scientifically during planting Chinese yam, and has rationally applied Chinese yam special fertilizer, so that Chinese yam is raw
Length is vigorous, and then promotes the raising of Chinese yam yield.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, it is all the present invention suggested by technical spirit under completed same changes or modifications change, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the patents of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam, which comprises the following steps:
(1) it chooses seeds: choosing higher maternal plant yield, even thickness, health, plentiful potato wedge and make potato kind；
(2) potato kind: being cut into the potato wedge of 8-10cm by vernalization, and potato seed notch is soaked in thimerosal taking-up clear water after 30-45min
It cleans and dries, kind of a Chinese yam is piled up on seedling bed, paving wet sand 3-5cm is thick, and overlay film is kept the temperature after pouring 34-38 DEG C of water, keeps educating
Nursery bed temperature is 22-26 DEG C, can be transplanted when ganoid konjaku taro sprouts 1-1.5cm；
(3) selection of land: selection soil layer deep fertile, irrigation convenience, venting and water permeable, good water-retaining property, the soil or sand that the soil is porous
Then earth, soil deeptillage are leveled land, trench digging is furrow, the wide 120-130cm of furrow plane, furrow high 30-40cm, furrow width 45-55cm；
(4) it transplants potato kind: being planted using double row sowing, density spacing 40-50cm, spacing in the rows 20-25cm；
(5) weeding is applied fertilizer: mid-April applies fertilizer for the first time, per acre soil application 40-50kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 50-60kg Chinese yam
Special fertilizer；Late June applies fertilizer for the second time, per acre soil application 50-55kg potassium sulphate fertilizer, 25-35kg slow-release carbamide and 40-50kg
Chinese yam special fertilizer；Late August third time is applied fertilizer, and soil application 100-120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30-40kg Chinese yam are dedicated per acre
Fertilizer；The 4th top dressing of late October, soil application 100-120kg well-rotted farmyard manure and 30-40kg Chinese yam special fertilizer, are observed per acre
Weeds, timely weeding；
(6) draw and tie up: when the long 10-15cm of Chinese yam seedling, the setting support column in furrow plane fixes the main rattan traction constraint of Chinese yam seedling
In bracket upright post, every plant is only stayed a main rattan, cuts off remaining side shoot, lateral bud；Terminal bud is extractd after the long 1.8-2.5m of rattan；Later only
Lateral bud is grown on main rattan, will extractd in time；
(7) water management: using common water management method, and drouth is poured water, and two seasons drained in time, and the potato wedge in July to August is fast
The fast phase of expansion keeps ground moistening.
2. a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (3), plough deeply for the first time
Soil is simultaneously sprinkled into pulverized limestone 80-90kg and base manure 100-150kg per acre, removes weeds, clears up plant and animal residues big in soil
And bulk chad, 500-600 times of liquid is diluted using 10% carbendazim and sprays soil, sprinkling in every 15-20 days is primary.
3. a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the base manure is mainly by the following method
It is prepared: by weight, by 150-200 parts of swamp type humus, 50-60 parts of dregs of beans, 30-40 parts of silkworm excrements, 40-50 parts of urine
Element, 3-6 parts of potassium sorbates, 5-8 parts of yeast seleniums, 2-6 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-3 parts of amino acid, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 300-500 parts are gone
Ionized water mixing, is added in reaction vessel, temperature is 30-35 DEG C, mixing speed is 150-200r/min and ultrasonic frequency
It to stir 15-20min under conditions of 3000-3500Hz, then puts into fermentation vat, is sealed by fermentation 20-25d, obtains the base
Fertilizer.
4. a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thimerosal is that concentration is 1.5-
1.8% carbendazim solution and concentration are the mixed solution of the agricultural streptomycin solution composition of 0.1-0.2%.
5. a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (5), Chinese yam is dedicated
Fertilizer is mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight: 120-150 parts of cow dung, 50-60 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sulfuric acid two
15-25 parts of hydrogen potassium, 10-15 parts of copper sulphate, 5-10 parts of calcium superphosphate and 5-10 parts of polyacrylamide.
6. a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in the step (5), Chinese yam is dedicated
Fertilizer be mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight: 130 parts of cow dung, 55 parts of pig manure, 25 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 20 parts of potassium dihydrogen sulfate,
13 parts of copper sulphate, 14 parts of calcium superphosphate and 8 parts of polyacrylamide.
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| CN114793808A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 潮州市书辉教育信息咨询服务有限公司 | Chinese yam planting method for improving grain yield and improving soil |
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