CN103609271B - Space salvia miltiorrhizae cultivation technique - Google Patents
Space salvia miltiorrhizae cultivation technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN103609271B CN103609271B CN201310464159.4A CN201310464159A CN103609271B CN 103609271 B CN103609271 B CN 103609271B CN 201310464159 A CN201310464159 A CN 201310464159A CN 103609271 B CN103609271 B CN 103609271B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space salvia miltiorrhizae cultivation technique, belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to the field of planting techniques of salvia miltiorrhizae. According to the specific scheme, the space salvia miltiorrhizae cultivation technique comprises land selection, planting and field management, and is characterized in that the planting comprises fertilization before ploughing, ridging and film mulching, seminal root treating, rational close planting and field management.
Description
Technical field
One space salvia miltiorrhizae cultivation technique of the present invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, especially relates to the planting technology of a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Field.
Background technology
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae has another name called Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Arisaema balansae Engl. etc..For dicotyledon Labiatae, it is dried root and rhizome.Main product in Anhui,
The ground such as Henan, Shaanxi.Effect: promoting blood flow to regulate menstruation, stasis-dispelling and pain-killing, removing heat from blood eliminating carbuncle, clear away heart-fire relieving restlessness, nourishing blood to tranquillize the mind.
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae purposes is wide, curative effect is high, and whole nation demand increases quickly, and some time, supply falls short of demand, therefore the personal value of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae times
Increase.The most well having grasped the planting technology of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, the product that just can produce high-quality comes, and existing Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods is many
For:
One, seed treatment: select improved seeds and dress seed with new high fat film diluent, energy repellent underground disease pest, virus-isolating infects,
Do not affect sprouting imbibition function, strengthen respiratory intensity, improve percentage of seedgermination.
Two, field management:
1, field is chosen
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae happy expression waits warm and moist, day the sufficient environment of irradiation；More cold-resistant, be afraid of arid and hydrops；Soil requires not strict,
Neutral soil, micro-alkaline earth, micro-Sour's all can be cultivated.When plantation, should select physical features slope land on the sunny side, soil requires deep dredging
Pine, soil property is fertile, and well-drained medium plot is planted.
2, middle weeding
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae early growth is slow, in order to avoid Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and weeds fight for the contradiction of nutrient, typically to carry out weeding with a hoe 3 times.
Carrying out when height of seedling 5cm for the first time, second time is in June, and third time is in August.When coming up, check with or without because of
Harden or blinding is thick and situation that seedling push up not go out, make ins conjunction with loosen the soil Seedling easily grow unearthed face.
3, row irrigation work is carried out
To water in time when sky drought, carry out drainage works rainy season simultaneously.There is the more serious area of ratio at drought, spray " new
High fat film ", effect of drought-resistant moisture-preserving, soil moisture conservation can be played；Run into cloudy weather for several days running weather, if draining not in time, not only affect pellet
Ginseng normal growth, also results in the generation of the diseases such as canker, and therefore field drainage work is the most critically important.
4, the rational application of fertilizer
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is the plant that a kind of fertilizer requirement is the biggest, it should topdress in time at different times.
Using sufficient base manure during sowing, grow up strong and sturdy accumulation energy for Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, base manure is based on farm manure, such as compost, barnyard manure, crop
Straw, green manure etc..It addition, trophophase also rationally to topdress according to Salvia miltiorrhiza Growth situation, spraying 800 times of liquid of new high fat film can promote
Enter Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and fertilizer is fully absorbed utilization.In in conjunction with, weeding topdresses 2～3 times, for the first time based on nitrogenous fertilizer；The most available corruption
Ripe muck, coordinates calcium superphosphate, each 15kg of potassium nitrate；Last 1 time in early August, can execute, to promote root raw more
Long, save bit by bit strength for good harvest in the coming year.
Three, trophophase: in order to ensure that nutrient can meet the physiological need of root development, can be added as in every 100 kg liquid
The big curing capsule of medical material root 1, foliage-spray after stirring and dissolving, make underground nutrition transport catheter thicker, strengthen nutrient conveying capacity,
Improving nutrition conversion ratio and ability of loosening the soil, make rhizome quickly expand, active substance content is greatly improved, and reaches the hope of volume increase good harvest
Hope.
Four, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae main diseases and insect pests has root rot and cutworm.Roots blacking is made to rot after root rot morbidity, stem and leaf withered death on the ground,
6～rainy high temperature season in August easily occur this sick.On Fang Zhi can draining in time, avoid continuous cropping, can spray protect tree general's diluent.Ground
Tiger endangers tender Seedling, and the new high fat film diluent of available 5% is mixed soil by 1:10, is sprinkling upon and in the ranks kills.
Summary of the invention
In order to provide a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae kind more adapting to aviation breeding, the present invention provides a kind of new this kind of space breeding pellet of plantation
The implantation methods of ginseng.The implantation methods of the present invention is mainly for the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of a kind of aviation breeding.Concrete scheme is as follows: Yi Zhonghang
It Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae cultivation technique, including selection of land, plantation and field management, it is characterised in that described plantation includes fertilization before ploughing, ridging
Overlay film, plant root process, rational close planting, described kind root process be kind of a root is retracted after to soak 12 hours in clear water immediately,
Prevent dehydration from falling dry；The section of cutting classification is tied up, and selects and carries out the section of cutting, substantially without disease pest harm, the root bar of rugosity more than diameter 0.7cm
Can be divided into three grades: one-level is reed head, cut more than long about 6cm, reed head diameter about 2cm, can split is two lobes, and two grades are
More than root bar rugosity 0.8cm, cutting long about 7cm, upper end straight snips, lower end are cut into horse ear shape, draw up and down in root segment middle and lower part
Two road junctions, to increase rooting number, three grades is root thick about 0.8, cuts and is about 8cm, and upper end straight snips, lower end are cut into horse ear
Type, root segment middle and lower part draws 1～2 road junctions up and down, strives for having more root, and three grades of root segments the most singly to be put, and thickness, to distinguish up and down,
To align and to tie up in lower end；With root-growing agent medicinal liquid immersion treatment root segment middle and lower part, then by 800 times of carbendazim medicinal liquid spraying root segments wounds
Mouthful.
In order to preferably reach so that space salvia miltiorrhizae grows fine, the purpose that yield is high, this technical scheme can further refine:
Further by described fertilization before ploughing be before ploughing every mu spread fertilizer over the fields the farmyard manure 1000～1500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 50kg,
Potassium sulfate 10kg, phoxim granular agrochemical 1.5kg.
It is to terminate flood season the previous year or after front stubble receives by described ridging overlay film further, is once using sufficient fertilizer and deep ploughing is whole
On the basis of, by row spacing 90cm, ridge high 10～15cm, the top, the ridge specification ridging in camber, top, ridge add a cover 90cm wide, 0.007～
The black mulch film that 0.008mm is thick, mulch film wants close proximity to ground, and both sides vertically to be imbedded under the soil of limit, ridge, ridge teleblem is wanted firming band anti-
Wind takes off film.
Being on the big ridge of overlay film by described rational close planting further, every ridge plants two row, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 18～20cm,
Two in the ranks want angle modulation to plant, every mu 7000～8000 strains.When planting, three class kind roots to be planted respectively, not companion planting, root segment during cultivation
Top outline is less than ground 1～2cm, to make root segment touch with soil by reality after cultivation.
Further described field management is included: water drainage of taking precautions against drought, meet drought and to pour water along ditch, to drain flooded fields in time during flood；Prevent grass
Famine, before Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is emerged, spray preemergence herbicide of having sowed while there is sufficient moisture in the soil in furrow (before bud is unearthed): as every mu is used 50% acetochlor ec
300 milliliters be watered 30kg spray ground or with 72% all that cream 150 milliliters, be watered 50kg and spray；Pluck stamen, in order to concentrate by several times
Nutrients uptake root growth, in time, extracts pistil by several times；Foliage spray, Salvia miltiorrhiza Growth middle and late stage, growing state to be seen,
Spray 2～3 foliage fertilizers.To prevent senilism, organic nutrient is promoted to operate to root rapidly.The formula concentration of foliage fertilizer is: urine
Element 1%～2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, each every mu sprays mixing solution 50～60kg.Two minor ticks about 7 days.Spray
Carry out about during afternoon 4 about when should select the morning 10 of fine day.
Detailed description of the invention
For preferably explaining the scheme that the present invention provides, examples below is used to be explained:
Space salvia miltiorrhizae, by space breeding technology selection-breeding.Good quality and high output to be obtained, it has to be noted that following Key Cultivation Technology
Main points.
One, soil selects
Under good edaphic condition, it it is the basis of space salvia miltiorrhizae good quality and high output.The how thick length of space salvia miltiorrhizae root, embedded depth up to
More than 80cm, its medicinal effects is mainly distributed in 10～45cm soil layers.So preferably selecting soil layer deep (more than 60cm),
Well-formed, the sandy loam that soil property is fertile.Requiring that soil is neutral or subacidity, heavy metal free pollutes；Require filling to arrange conveniently,
High yields irrespective of drought or water logging；Requirement has a good transport service, it is simple to do mechanization operation.Front stubble is preferably Semen Tritici aestivi, milpa.
Two, science is planted
(1) fertilizer is once used sufficient before ploughing
On the basis of enriching farmyard manure, the cooperation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer disposably uses sufficient.Before ploughing, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed
1000～1500kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 50kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, phoxim granular agrochemical 1.5kg (killing subterranean pest-insect).Plough
After rake thin ground.Fertilising is ploughed, and preferably carries out before the winter.
(2) ridging covers black mulch film
Terminate flood season the previous year, front stubble receive after (or early spring then), once using sufficient fertilizer and deep ploughing on the basis of whole ground, pressing
Row spacing 90cm, ridge high 10～15cm, the top, the ridge specification ridging in camber, top, ridge add a cover 90cm wide, 0.007～0.008mm
Thick black mulch film, mulch film wants close proximity to ground, and both sides vertically to be imbedded under the soil of limit, ridge, ridge teleblem is wanted firming band Radix Saposhnikoviae take off film.
Said procedure once can be completed by special-purpose machinery.It was found that this pattern can improve natural resources (precipitation, temperature to greatest extent
Degree, air, microorganism) utilization rate, fully excavate the productive potentialities of the means of production (seed, fertilizer, mulch film etc.), greatly
Reduce greatly production cost, increase substantially Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae yield.
(3) the cultivation pre-treatment of root is planted
1, clear water soaks
Plant and to soak 12 hours in clear water immediately after root retracts, prevent dehydration from falling dry.
2, the section of cutting classification is tied up
Selecting and carry out, without disease pest harm, the root bar of rugosity more than diameter 0.7cm, the section of cutting, being broadly divided into three grades: one is reed head, cuts
More than long about 6cm, reed head diameter about 2cm, can split is two lobes；Two is more than root bar rugosity 0.8cm, cuts long 7
About cm, upper end straight snips, lower end be cut into horse ear shape, and root segment middle and lower part draws two road junctions up and down, to increase rooting number；Three is root
Thick about 0.8, to cut and be about 8cm, upper end straight snips, lower end are cut into horse ear shape, and root segment middle and lower part draws 1～2 road junctions up and down, strives
Take and have more root.Three grades of root segments the most singly to be put, and thickness, to distinguish up and down, to align and to tie up in lower end.
3, root segment bottom is processed with root-growing agent
With root-growing agent medicinal liquid immersion treatment root segment middle and lower part.Again with 800 times of carbendazim medicinal liquid spraying root segment wounds, with sterilization and anticorrosion
Rotten.
(4) optimum period, early plants
Plant after root processes to plant at once, lengthen the Salvia miltiorrhiza Growth phase, it is ensured that its field growing time is more than 200 days as far as possible.
(5) rational close planting
On the big ridge of overlay film, every ridge plants two row, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 18～20cm, and two in the ranks want angle modulation to plant, every mu
7000～8000 strains.When planting, three class kind roots to be planted respectively, not companion planting.Directly to plant, along plant, prevent from planting, be hard to tell
Upper and lower root segment wants horizontal cultivation.During cultivation, root segment top outline is less than ground 1～2cm, to make root segment touch with soil by reality after cultivation,
Prevent " unsettled ".Finally to cover an envelope cave soil.In order to ensure to emerge in time, during cultivation, soil moisture wants sufficient (top layer 5cm soil
Earth water content is more than 15%), during cultivation, soil moisture in the soil is bad, to fill foot envelope nest water before blinding.
Three, field management
(1) take precautions against drought water drainage
Meet drought to pour water along ditch, to drain flooded fields in time during flood.
(2) farmland running to weeds is prevented
Before Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is emerged, spray preemergence herbicide of having sowed while there is sufficient moisture in the soil in furrow (before bud is unearthed): as every mu is used 50% acetochlor ec
300 milliliters be watered 30kg spray ground or with 72% all that cream 150 milliliters, be watered 50kg and spray.
(3) stamen is plucked by several times
In order to concentrate Nutrients uptake root growth, in time, extract pistil by several times.
(4) foliage spray
Salvia miltiorrhiza Growth middle and late stage, growing state to be seen, spray 2～3 foliage fertilizers.To prevent senilism, promote organic nutrient fast
Speed operates to root.The formula concentration of foliage fertilizer is: carbamide 1%～2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, each Mei Mupen application of mixed fertilizers
Liquid 50～60kg.Two minor ticks 5～7 days.Carry out about during afternoon 4 about when spraying the morning 10 that should select fine day.
Claims (2)
1. a space salvia miltiorrhizae cultural method, including selection of land, plantation and field management, it is characterised in that described plantation is executed before including ploughing
Fertilizer, ridging overlay film, plant root process, rational close planting, described kind root process be kind of a root is retracted after to soak in clear water immediately
12 hours, prevent dehydration from falling dry；The section of cutting classification is tied up, and selects and cuts without disease pest harm, the root bar of rugosity more than diameter 0.7cm
Section, is divided into three grades: one-level is reed head, cuts long 6cm, reed head more than diameter 2cm, and splitting is two lobes, and two grades is root bar rugosity
More than 0.8cm, cutting long 7cm, upper end straight snips, lower end are cut into horse ear shape, draw two road junctions up and down in root segment middle and lower part, to increase
Adding rooting number, three grades is the thick 0.8cm of root, cuts long 8cm, and upper end straight snips, lower end are cut into horse ear shape, on root segment middle and lower part
Under draw 1～2 road junctions, strive for having more root, three grades of root segments the most singly to be put, and thickness, to distinguish up and down, to align and to tie up in lower end；
With root-growing agent medicinal liquid immersion treatment root segment middle and lower part, then by 800 times of carbendazim medicinal liquid spraying root segment wounds, described fertilization before ploughing
Be plough before every mu spread fertilizer over the fields the farmyard manure 1000～1500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 50kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, phoxim granule agriculture
Medicine 1.5kg, described ridging overlay film be terminate flood season the previous year, front stubble receive after, once using sufficient fertilizer and deep ploughing whole ground basis
On, by row spacing 90cm, ridge high 10～15cm, the top, the ridge specification ridging in camber, top, ridge add a cover 90cm wide, 0.007～0.008mm
Thick black mulch film, mulch film wants close proximity to ground, and both sides vertically to be imbedded under the soil of limit, ridge, ridge teleblem is wanted firming band Radix Saposhnikoviae take off film,
Described rational close planting is on the big ridge of overlay film, and every ridge plants two row, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 18～20cm, and two in the ranks to adjust
Plant in angle, every mu 7000～8000 strains, and when planting, three class kind roots to be planted respectively, ground to be less than, root segment top 1～2cm during cultivation,
Root segment is made to touch with soil by reality after cultivation.
Space salvia miltiorrhizae cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described field management includes: water drainage of taking precautions against drought,
Meet drought to pour water along ditch, to drain flooded fields in time during flood；Prevent farmland running to weeds, before Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is emerged, weeding before spray bud of having sowed while there is sufficient moisture in the soil in furrow
Agent: every mu of use 50% acetochlor ec 300 milliliters is watered 30kg spray ground or with 72% all that cream 150 milliliters, is watered 50kg
Spray；Pluck stamen by several times, in order to concentrate Nutrients uptake root growth, in time, extract pistil by several times；Foliage spray, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is raw
Long middle and late stage, growing state to be seen, spray 2～3 foliage fertilizers, the formula concentration of foliage fertilizer is: carbamide 1%～2%, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium 0.1%, each every mu sprays mixing solution 50～60kg, two minor ticks 5～7 days.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359806B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-08-24 | 赵志鑫 | A kind of implantation methods of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae |
| CN106212013A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-14 | 临沂市农业科学院 | A kind of overlay film Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae simple cultivation technique of cuttage formula |
| CN106305068B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2020-02-04 | 上海市药材有限公司 | Seedling raising method for special high-tanshinone salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings |
| CN107172990A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-09-19 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of red sage root crop field propagation method |
| CN109496494B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2024-05-28 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Method for preparing radix scrophulariae buds |
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| CN1466866A (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-01-14 | 莱芜市丰盛丹参研究开发中心 | Method for planting white flower red sage root |
| CN102715001A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-10-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Planting method of novel variety of red-rooted salvia |
| CN103262742A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-08-28 | 四川逢春制药有限公司 | Salviae miltiorrhizae cultivation method capable of lowering continuous cropping bad effect |
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2013
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| CN1466866A (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-01-14 | 莱芜市丰盛丹参研究开发中心 | Method for planting white flower red sage root |
| CN102715001A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-10-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Planting method of novel variety of red-rooted salvia |
| CN103262742A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-08-28 | 四川逢春制药有限公司 | Salviae miltiorrhizae cultivation method capable of lowering continuous cropping bad effect |
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