CN109025152A

CN109025152A - Plate is divided into the method for the first and second panellings, forms the method and building panelling of mechanical locking system

Info

Publication number: CN109025152A
Application number: CN201810890470.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: D·佩尔万; A·帕尔松
Original assignee: Valinge Innovation AB
Current assignee: Valinge Innovation AB
Priority date: 2012-06-19
Filing date: 2013-06-18
Publication date: 2018-12-18
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-18
Also published as: KR102196359B1; ZA201500292B; EP3760402A1; MX359284B; MX2014015762A; EP3238899A1; EP2861391A4; JP2018021450A; KR20150029707A; CN109025152B; EP2861391B1; CN109015962A; PL3238899T3; CN104582916A; CA3053601A1; US20230011237A1; CN109025154A; CA2876210C; US20130333182A1; JP6219382B2

Abstract

The present invention relates to building panelling, especially floor panel, the building panelling is provided with locking system, which is configured to lock adjacent edge by drift angle regulatio, and has the joint tongue and band being located on same edge.The invention further relates to segmentation plates and the method for manufacturing above-mentioned building panelling.

Description

Plate is divided into the method for the first and second panellings, forms the side of mechanical locking system Method and building panelling

The application be the applying date be on June 18th, 2013, application No. is 201380043077.0, entitled " be used for Plate is divided into the method for the first panel and the second panelling, forms mechanical locking system for locking first and second panels The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of method and building panelling ".

Technical field

The embodiment of the present invention relates generally to the mechanical locking system field of building panelling, especially floorboard. The embodiment of the present invention is related to being provided with the floorboard of above-mentioned locking system and for making the ground with above-mentioned locking system The method of plate.More specifically, the embodiment of the present invention more particularly to the decorative surface layer with core and on the upside of core Type floor.

Background technique

Application field of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention is especially suitable for the floating floor being made of floorboard, these floorboards utilize locking system System is mechanically engaged, and one is made in the locking system and core, and these floorboards are made up of: it is one or more by Decoration panel, the upper layer that decorative laminate or decorative plastic material are constituted, the centre being made of wood-fiber-based material or plastic material Core and the lower balancing layer being preferably located on rear side of core, and these floorboards are by being sawed into several edges for macroplate Plate and be made.Therefore, below as non-limiting example to known technology, known system the problem of and the embodiment of the present invention The explanation that carries out of object and feature will be first against this application field, and especially for the lamination for being formed as rectangle floorboard Floor, the rectangle floorboard on long short side for mechanically engaging each other.However, it is emphasized that the present invention can be used for appointing Where plate or building panelling, the floorboard or building panelling are using allowing preferably to move by drift angle regulatio (angling) On two neighboring edges together along horizontal and vertical direction-locking into line-locked mechanical locking system.Therefore, this hair Bright embodiment apply also for such as solid wooden floor board, core with composition wood flake or wood-fiber-based material, system As the parquet floor of individual floor panel, the floor with printing the and preferred surface for going back japanning, etc..The present invention Embodiment can also be used to engage building panelling, such as wallboard and furniture component.

Background of the invention

Laminate flooring generally includes the upper decorative laminating surface of the board core of 6-11mm thickness, 0.1-0.8mm thickness The lower balancing layer of layer and 0.1-0.6mm thickness being made of laminate, plastics, paper or similar material.Superficial layer mentions for floorboard For appearance and durability.Core provides stability, and balance layer makes plate after compression and works as relative humidity (RH) in 1 year Plane is kept when variation.Floorboard floating ground (that is, not carrying out gluing) is laid on existing ground floor.It is such Traditional hard floorboard is usually engaged by the joint tongue of gluing-trough connection.However, the major part in all laminate floorboards is existing The present is mechanically engaged by so-called mechanical locking system.These systems include the locking device of horizontal and vertical locking plate. Mechanical locking system is usually formed by machining core.Alternatively, each section of locking system can by individual material (such as Aluminium or plastics) it is made, the individual material is integrated with floorboard in the factory.

The major advantage of floating floor with mechanical locking system is that they can pass through drift angle regulatio and engaging (snapping) multiple combinations are easily and rapidly laid with.They can also easily be dismantled again, and different Place reuses.

Most common core material is the fiberboard with high density and good stability, is commonly referred to as HDF --- it is high Density fiber board.Sometimes also by MDF, --- medium density fibre board (MDF) --- is used as core.

The layer clamp block on the surfaces of compositions such as facing paper, plastics, timber, decoration panel, cork including melamine-impregnated It is made of superficial layer and preferred balance layer, which is applied on core material, and the core material is in addition to HDF also by glue Plywood, particieboard, plastics and a variety of composite materials are constituted.A kind of novel plate has recently been developed, wherein including fiber, glue The powder of mixture, abrasion resistant particles and color pigment is dispersed on core material and is solid without paper by heat and pressure-cure Surface.

In general, the above method forms layer clamp block, which is divided into several panellings by sawing, and then machine adds Several panellings are so that they are provided with mechanical locking system in edge described in work.Do not need to be split with panelling The layer clamp block of size can be made up of the above method.Usually when the panels have a surface layer made of wood or veneer, Individual floor panel is manufactured.

Floorboard with mechanical locking system can also be made of solid material such as solid wood.

In all cases, above-mentioned floor panel is individually machined to floorboard along their edge.Using advanced Milling machine is machined out edge, and in milling machine, floor panel is accurately located between one or more chains and band, so that Floor panel moves through many milling motors with high speed and high precision, which is provided with the Buddha's warrior attendant of rotation Stone cutting tool or metal cutting tool and the edge for machining floor panel.By using several under different angle work The milling motor of work can be more than that form advanced connector under the speed of 200m/min and with the precision of about ± 0.05mm several What shape.Precision in the vertical direction is usually better than the precision in horizontal direction, because it is difficult to avoid when panelling is milling What is occurred when moved horizontally during cutting relative to chain/band so-called vacillates.

The definition of some terms

Hereinafter, the visible surface of mounted panelling (such as floorboard) be known as " front ", and floorboard towards The opposite side of ground floor is known as " back side ".

" horizontal plane " refers to the plane for being parallel to front extension.Two engagement panelling two adjacent joint edges it is tight Adjacent juxtaposition top collectively defines " vertical plane " perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

The exterior section of the floorboard of the edge of floorboard between front and back is known as " joint edge ".It is logical Often, joint edge has several " engagement surfaces ", the engagement surface can for it is vertical, horizontal, angled, rounding, In the slope, etc..

" locking system " refers to coefficient attachment device, which vertically and/or horizontally connects panelling." machine Tool locking system " refers to can be engaged without using glue.

" drift angle regulatio " refers to that the connection occurred by rotational motion is being connected during the rotational motion Or angulation change occurs between two parts being disconnected.When drift angle regulatio is related to the connection of two floorboards, angular movement Usually it is performed such that during at least part of angular movement, the upper part of joint edge at least partly contacts with each other.

" above or upwards " refers to towards front, and " lower or downward " refers to towards the back side." inside " refers to the center towards panelling, and " outside " refers in the opposite direction.

" carving (carving) " refers to that engrave a portion of an edge into its final shape using one or several engraving tools Method to form groove or protrusion on the edge of panelling, the carving tool are several non-including being positioned along the feed direction Rotation and fixed chip-removing surface.

Known technology and its problem

In order to be conducive to understand the embodiment of the present invention, known mechanical locking system is described now with reference to Fig. 1 a-1e. In the application section, subsequent that the description of known technology is also applied in invention described below embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1a, floorboard has the joint tongue 10 and slot 9 of lock-in edge in the vertical direction.Prolong along first edge 1 The band 6 stretched is prominent from edge and has locking piece 8, the latch recess 14 in the locking piece 8 and adjacent second edge 1 ' It cooperates and horizontally locks the two edges.

From Fig. 1 a and 1b it will be obvious that since mechanical locking system has the part for protruding past upper joint edge, example Such as joint tongue 10 and band 6, when big plate 1b is cut into several floor panels by saw blade 20 and when forming locking system, Produce expensive waste material W.

Even when manufacturing individual floor panel (such as solid wooden floor board), as illustrated in figure 1 c, because forming band 6 and joint tongue 10 and lead to sizable waste material (W).

There are many defects in these systems and manufacturing methods, first of all about cost and function.

Waste material relates generally to long edge locking system, which is usually installed by drift angle regulatio.Always Waste material may be about 10mm or more, or the floorboard for width about 200mm about 5%.It is such as 100mm in width Narrowly plate in, waste material can account about 10%.

To eliminate these problems, using different methods.Most important method is to limit the length of protrusion.This is logical It often will lead to the locking intensity of reduction and be difficult to install or remove floorboard.

Another method is to form band or joint tongue using individual material such as aluminium or plastics.It is non-by cost having In the low cost floor of superficial layer and core that often cheap material such as impregnated paper and HDF is constituted, these materials are not usually It is cost-effective.

It is known that as shown in Figure 1 d, locking system can form (WO by the joint tongue C of stacked edge A, B and lower section 2005/068747Innovation AB).This locking system will not reduce waste material.Stacked edge or small Joint tongue A is mainly used to be conducive to the horizontal displacement between edge.Fig. 1 e shows a kind of known locking system (WO 2006/ 043893Innovation AB), which has the individual flex tongue for being attached at 6 top of band 10, and be mainly used for locking short edge by vertical fold or vertical snap.

Summary of the invention

One purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, which is to provide, is made integrated locking system with core, and the locking system is inclined Angle guides adjacent edge to automatically enter correct position during adjusting, and has high locking intensity, and with cutting Big plate with ultimately form edge and the related waste of material of mechanical locking system in terms of, can be complete with least waste of material At manufacture.

Another purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide reasonable and has cost-benefit manufacturing method with by plate Block is divided into floorboard, and the floorboard is machined in the second production stage so that it is provided with mechanical locking system.

It can be wholly or partly real by the locking system, floor panel and manufacturing method of embodiment according to the present invention Existing above-mentioned purpose.

The first aspect of the present invention is a kind of method for plate to be divided into the first panel and the second panelling, wherein This method includes the steps that active plate and divides plate by setting tool such as scraping or carving tool.

First vertical open groove is formed the method preferably includes the back side for passing through plate and across the positive shape of plate At biasing the second vertical opening groove the step of.

Setting tool or saw blade/saw blade can form first vertical open groove.

Second vertical opening groove can be formed by setting tool or saw blade.Second vertical opening groove preferably passes through sawing It is made, to obtain the smooth edge that there is less clast in positive edge, because being somebody's turn to do in (front) after panelling installs Edge is visible.

The method may include the step of forming the first horizontal extension groove by setting tool, which extends recessed Slot horizontally extends in the front of plate and/or lower rear.

The first horizontal extension groove can extend from the second groove to the first groove.

The first horizontal extension groove can extend from the first groove to the second groove.

The first horizontal extension groove can connect first vertical open groove and the second vertical opening groove.

The method may include the step of forming the second horizontal-extending groove by setting tool, and second horizontal extension is recessed Slot horizontally extends in the front of plate and/or lower rear, wherein second horizontal-extending groove is from the second vertical openings Groove extends towards first vertical open groove, and the first horizontal extension groove is perpendicular from first vertical open groove towards second Extend to open recess.

The first horizontal extension groove can be connect with the second horizontal-extending groove.

Second vertical opening groove can be formed by the sawing of the saw blade of rotation.

First groove is preferably formed before cutting the second groove, wherein the first groove is made by setting tool.Make plate Mobile the step of passing through setting tool, carries out preferably before sawing step, because this, which makes it possible to more easily absorb, is forming groove When the power as caused by setting tool.

The method may include the step being arranged in plate on carrier (carrier) such as conveyer belt/chain, this holds It carries device and is preferably provided with driving means, such as cam or ridges (ridge).The driving means such as cam or ridges increase can Constracture unit is pushed to the power of setting tool.

The front of plate can be arranged against carrier and downwards.The front is preferably arranged downwards and by carrier (such as conveyer belt/chain) bearing.If above-mentioned steps form a part for increasing the locking system of manufacturing tolerance, crucial Locking surface can be big tolerance manufacturing.

Setting tool may include several carved teeths, and the carved teeth is disposed for different vertical and/or horizontal Forming at position.

The method may include the compressed air removal by preferably being generated by compressed-air atomizer and preferably be filled by suction Set the step of collecting the clast generated by setting tool.

The plate can be wood base board, laminate (the floor member such as including HDF or MDF core, decorative layer and balance layer Part), glued board or the plate including plastic core and preferred decorative layer.

Laminate may include the core for being provided with decorative surface layer and balance layer.

The method may include preferably by several compressed-air atomizers remove the clast as caused by forming process, with And preferably the clast from core and balance layer and/or decorative layer is classified and is disposed into the step in individual container.

The second aspect of the present invention is a kind of method for forming mechanical locking system for locking first and second panels, The method comprise the steps that

● plate is divided by the first panel and the second panelling according to method described herein, and is thus formed in the first edge Lower projections at the first edge of plate and at a second edge of the second panel lower recess；

● locking piece is formed at lower projections；

● and latch recess is formed at lower recess.

The third aspect of the present invention is building panelling, and each building panelling includes upper surface and core, and is provided with and is used for The first edge of first building panelling is vertically and horizontally locked to the locking of the adjacent second edge of the second building panelling System.The upper part at the first and second edges collectively defines vertical plane in latched position, the vertical plane perpendicular to horizontal plane, The horizontal plane is parallel to the upper surface of the first and second building panellings.Locking system is configured so that by first and second The drift angle regulatio of building panelling relative to each other assembles the first and second edges.Locking system includes being made one with the core The joint tongue of body, tongue groove and the integrated band at first edge is made with core, the joint tongue and tongue groove are configured to It cooperates so that for locking vertically, the band is provided with locking piece and the locking piece is configured to and is formed in second edge In downwardly open latch recess cooperation to be used for horizontal lock.First and second building panellings can get in first edge and With the relative position of certain distance, in the position, the upper table of the first and second building panellings (1,1 ') between second edge The marginal portion that face is in same level and second edge is vertically positioned at the top of the upper part of locking piece, and There is the space of at least about 0.5mm extended vertically between locking piece and all parts of the second edge above locking piece S。

The marginal portion can be positioned at vertical plane.

Locking piece may include locking surface, which cooperates with the locking surface at latch recess for Horizontal lock It is fixed, and wherein, the marginal portion is vertically located in above the locking surface of locking piece.

The space can be greater than 0.6mm.

Space above the exterior section of locking piece can be equal to or greater than the space above the upper part of locking piece.

The marginal portion may include downwardly and inwardly inclined low portion.

The marginal portion may include the low portion of joint tongue.

The building panelling can be floorboard.

The fourth aspect of the present invention is a kind of method for dividing plate, which includes core and surface, wherein the side Method includes the following steps:

● first and second substantially vertical grooves are formed in core, these grooves are horizontally offset, wherein first is recessed Slot includes towards positive opening and the second groove includes the opening towards the back side of plate；

● plate is divided into the first floor panel with first edge and the second floor panel with second edge, Wherein first edge is adjacent with second edge；And

● locking system is formed on the first and second edges, which includes band, the lock for horizontal lock Determine part and latch recess and joint tongue and tongue groove for locking vertically.

Second groove can be formed by carving tool.

The plate can be split by carving tool.

The plate can be split by carving tool, and the carving tool is inserted into the first and second grooves.

Divide the cleavable groove that basic horizontal extends out of carving tool of the panelling, the groove includes relative to water The angle less than 45 ° of plane HP.

First or second groove can be formed by the carving tool with carved teeth, and the carved teeth is at least about 0.2mm Distance horizontally shift.

The fifth aspect of the present invention is building panelling, and the building panelling includes surface and core, and is provided with and is used for The first edge of first building panelling is vertically movable and horizontally locked to the lock of the adjacent second edge of the second building panelling Determine system.The upper part at the first and second edges collectively defines the vertical plane with horizontal plane in latched position, the water Plane is parallel with the surface.The locking system is configured so that through the first and second building panellings relative to each other Drift angle regulatio assemble the first and second edges.Locking system includes that integrated joint tongue is made with the core and is configured to (with joint tongue) cooperates with the tongue groove for locking vertically.First edge includes that integrated band is made with core, the band It is provided with locking piece, which is configured to cooperate with the downwardly open latch recess being formed in second edge for water Flat locking.The joint tongue being arranged on the first edge cooperates with the lower lips for the tongue groove being arranged in second edge, the joint tongue Slot includes lower vertical locking surface.Locking piece and latch recess cooperate at horizontal locking surfaces.Joint tongue projects outwardly beyond Vertical plane and tongue groove include upper lip.Lower lips are less than the horizontal extension of joint tongue relative to the horizontal extension length of upper lip Length.

Building panelling may include co-operating horizontal locking surfaces, these surfaces utilize horizontal and vertical pretension Horizontally and vertically lock-in edge.

Building panelling may include the joint tongue to cooperate at Upper vertical locking surface with upper lip.

Joint tongue and tongue groove may include Upper vertical locking surface and lower vertical locking surface, these surfaces are substantially parallel In horizontal plane and flatly biasing, so that a part of Upper vertical locking surface is compared to lower vertical locking surface in water Square to closer to locking piece.

Lower lips can protrude past upper lip and vertical plane.

The horizontal extension length of joint tongue can be at least about twice or more of the horizontal extension length of lower lips.

Joint tongue and tongue groove may include guide surface, and the guide surface is configured to: during being assembled by drift angle regulatio When the marginal portion of second edge and band and/or locking piece contact, the guide surface is in contact with each other.

The guide surface can tilt and be located at upper part and/or the lower part portion of joint tongue and tongue groove relative to vertical plane On point.

The horizontal locking surfaces may be positioned below the level of the horizontal strip that intersects the upper portion of the strap, band Upper part is positioned substantially vertically below the outer portion of the tongue.

The horizontal locking surfaces can be positioned on the following above and of horizontal strip plane.

The horizontal locking surfaces can be positioned on the top of horizontal strip plane.

Locking system may include the edge part of the upper part and the second panelling being positioned substantially at below joint tongue in band / space.

The Upper vertical locking surface can be horizontally offset relative to horizontal locking surfaces.

The vertical and horizontal locking surface may be horizontally offset by a horizontal distance, which is greater than joint tongue Horizontal extension length.

Core may include HDF, particle board, plastics or glued board.

The horizontal locking surfaces can have the lock angle of with respect to the horizontal plane about 40-60 degree.

The sixth aspect of the present invention is a kind of method for dividing plate, which includes core and surface, wherein this method Include the following steps:

● form the locking bar band and tenon for vertically movable and horizontally locking the first floor panel and the second floor panel Tongue, wherein locking bar band and joint tongue horizontally protrude past the upper part of the first edge of the first panel.

The plate can be divided by cutter.

The plate can be divided by scraping core.

The plate may include glued board core, the glued board core at least partly along one of veneer/thin plate into Row segmentation.

The plate may include glued board core, which is split along one of veneer substantially, described Veneer includes the machine direction oriented substantially from a groove towards another groove.

First or second groove can be formed by rotation tool, and another groove is formed by carving or scraping.

Second groove can be formed by carving or scraping.

First and second grooves can be formed by carving or scraping.

The seventh aspect of the present invention be according to third or the 5th aspect building panelling, such as floor panel, and according to The first, second, building panelling made from the the 4th or the 6th aspect.

Including being located at the joint tongue in same edge with prominent band and allowing to divide by the cut-in groove of two biasings Sizable material is provided from the locking system of plate to save.Joint geometries as described above provide during locking To the accurate guidance at edge and the secure lock in edge drift angle regulatio to latched position.

Detailed description of the invention

It will be described more fully the present invention by means of example and referring to schematic figures, shown in the drawings of of the invention Embodiment.

Fig. 1 a-e shows known technology.

Fig. 2 a-d shows locking system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 a-f shows alternate embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 a-f shows alternate embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 a-b shows the preferred embodiment of locking system.

Fig. 6 a-6g, which is shown, is divided into several floor panels for plate according to one embodiment of present invention.

Fig. 7 a-b is shown to be separated using band sawing machine according to one embodiment of present invention.

Fig. 7 c show it is according to an embodiment of the invention, a kind of will by setting tool such as carving or scraper Plate is divided into the method for two panellings.

Fig. 8 a-e shows the locking system of embodiment according to the present invention and the method using carving tool segmentation panelling.

Fig. 9 a-f illustrates how that embodiment according to the present invention adjusts and splits conventional locking system.

Figure 10 a-b shows carving tool according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 11 a-b shows the horizontal groove of embodiment according to the present invention and the carving of vertical groove.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 2 a-2d shows the first embodiment for being provided with the floorboard 1,1 ' of mechanical locking system according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, building panelling be shown as include the surface 2 for the surface 2 or core 3 for being attached to core 3 floor Block.The floorboard is provided with for vertically and horizontally locking first edge 1 and second edge in panel edge adjacent to each other 1 ' locking system.The upper part at two edges 1,1 ' of the floorboard of two engagements collectively defines vertical plane VP.This is perpendicular It faces directly perpendicular to horizontal plane HP, which is parallel to panel surface.Locking system is configured to opposite by two neighboring edges Carry out lock-in edge 1,1 ' in mutual drift angle regulatio.Locking system includes that integral joint tongue 10 is made with the core 3, described Joint tongue 10 cooperates with the tongue groove 9 in adjacent edge 1 ' to realize vertical locking.Under tongue groove 9 includes lower lips 9a and is located at Upper lip 9b above lip.First edge 1 includes that band 6 that is integral and being provided with locking piece 8, institute are made with core 3 It states locking piece 8 and cooperates with the downwardly open latch recess 14 being formed in the second neighboring edge 1 ' to realize horizontal lock.Tenon Tongue 10 is located in first edge 1 and above band 6, and projects outwardly beyond vertical plane VP.Fig. 2 b shows joint tongue 10 and tenon Glossal canal 9 includes Upper vertical cooperation locking surface 12 and lower vertical cooperation locking surface 13.Locking piece 8 and latch recess 14 are wrapped Horizontal cooperation locking surface 15 is included, level cooperation locking surface carries out horizontal lock and prevents the water at adjacent edge 1,1 ' Divide equally from.

Rotary motion limitation needed for the geometry of angling locking system is implemented locking at many aspects.Inclined During angle adjusts the final stage of movement, locking surface is rotated along circle C1, C2, and described circle C1, C2 have on vertical plane , central point in upper part in joint edge.One tangent line defines " free angle " A, which is when edge can be There is no angle when locking and separate in the case where any locking surface stacked on top of each other, and the angle prevents above-mentioned locking or divides From.When locking piece 8 is closer to surface and/or in the horizontal direction farther relative to vertical plane VP, free angle A increases.This meaning Taste low lock angle make it possible to design compact and cost-effective locking system.However, this to locking intensity and Finally negative impact can be generated by leading into latched position.If locking surface is small and material can be partially compressed, can be used Excessive drift angle regulatio, wherein lock angle LA is higher than free angle.In general, horizontal locking surfaces 15 should include about 30 degree or more of lock Angle is determined, in order to provide enough intensity and sufficient guidance.Higher lock angle even it is furthermore preferred that and high-quality locking System usually requires the lock angle of 45-60 degree.Locking system with the higher lock angle that may be up to 90 degree provides very firm Solid locking.It can be by obtaining all above-mentioned lock angles according to the locking system of described invention.

Joint tongue 10 and tongue groove 9 should also be formed as and adapt to the rotation during final lock step.The locking of rounding Surface is optimal for the locking carried out using drift angle regulatio, but actually since manufacturing tolerance is not suitable to be used to. Thus, ideal geometry is the substantially planar locking surface for being parallel to surface, which allows rotation tool water Level land displacement has any impact without the vertical position to top edge.Thus in this embodiment, locking system preferably has There are the lower lips 9a for being located at 10 lower section of joint tongue, lower lips 9a to extend beyond upper lip 9b and allow to form the level of being basically parallel to The vertical locking surface 12,13 of the plane of face HP.Joint tongue 10 and tongue groove 9 preferably include Upper vertical locking surface 12 and lower part Vertical locking surface 13, the upper and lower part vertical locking surface be basically parallel to horizontal plane HP and be horizontally offset so that A part of Upper vertical locking surface 12 is than lower vertical locking surface 13 closer to locking piece 8.

The horizontal extension length TE of joint tongue 10 is greater than the horizontal extension length LE for extending beyond the lower lips 9a of upper lip 9b. Locking system may also be formed as with the lower lips 9a for being not extended past upper lip 9b, or even has and horizontally protrude past down The upper lip 9b of lip 9a.Make the final development length LE of lower lips 9a is as small as possible to limit waste of material.Preferably, The development length of lower lips 9a does not exceed about 0.5 times of the development length TE of joint tongue 10 or more.The lower lips 9b extended on a small quantity Additional waste material will not be generated, because saw blade generally has to cut at the distance away from edge very little to allow to carry out edge Final machining, the clast that the final machining removal is formed by sawing.This cutting distance to final edge is also For making " banana-shaped " edge machine and be configured to straight edge.Thus, the small development length LE of about 1mm will not increase Add waste of material, and can be used for forming lock face and/or guide surface in lower lips 9a.Can by vertical locking surface 12, 13 obtain strong vertical latching force in wooden or HDF core, and the vertical locking surface 12,13 includes the water of about 1mm Flat development length or even smaller horizontal extension length such as 0.5mm may be enough in some applications.

Locking system is preferably included in the space S between the upper part and second edge 1 ' of band 6.This can be used for eliminating Demand to the accurate positionin of machinery tools.Space S is preferably vertically located in 10 lower section of joint tongue.

Locking system should be able to guide edge to correct position during installation.Floorboard usually have certain curve or Bending, and locking system should be able to make above-mentioned bend straight and guidance edge to correct position.

Joint tongue 10 and slot 9 preferably include guide surface 17a, 17b, during drift angle regulatio, when the edge part of second edge 1 ' When EP and band 6 and/or locking piece 8 being divided to contact, the guide surface is in contact with each other, as shown in Figure 2 c.

Guide surface 17a, 17a ', 17b, 17b ' is tilted preferably with respect to vertical plane VP, and can be positioned on joint tongue 10 and tenon In the upper part and/or low portion of glossal canal 9.Guide surface can also rounded corner.Preferably, when second edge 1 ' is relative to water When the angle of plane about 10-20 degree positions and marginal portion EP is contacted with band and/or locking piece, the guidance of at least two cooperations Face 17a, 17b should be in contact with each other, as shown in Figure 2 c.

Upper vertical locking surface 12 is horizontally offset distance LD preferably with respect to lower vertical locking surface 13.Preferably It is that distance LD is greater than zero.LD is preferably greater than the 20% of the horizontal extension length TE of joint tongue 10.

Upper vertical locking surface 12 is horizontally offset distance D preferably with respect to lower horizontal locking surface 15.Preferably It is that distance D is greater than the horizontal extension length TE of joint tongue.

In this preferred embodiment, horizontal locking surfaces 15 are located in below horizontal strip plane HPS, and the horizontal strip is flat Intersect with the upper part 6a of band 6 in face.The upper part is preferably substantially along being vertically located in the exterior section of joint tongue 10 or less. This geometric simplification formation at edge, because the tool vertically and horizontally rotated for example only can be used.As it is following more into The description of one step, this geometry allows maximum material to save.

Fig. 3 a-3f is shown in the case where the upper part of locking piece 8 towards floorboard is mobile, and locking system can be more It is compact.

Fig. 3 c, which shows horizontal locking surfaces 15, can be located at horizontal strip plane HPS following below and above.

Fig. 3 e shows horizontal locking surfaces 15 also and can be positioned on horizontal strip plane HPS or more.Lock angle A is in this embodiment In be about 60 degree.Free angle is about 50 degree, it means that the locking system includes about 10 degree of excessive drift angle regulatio amount. Band 6 includes back side 6b, and back side 6b is tilted slightly upward and wherein had been removed balance layer and/or core.Which increase Small bending of the flexibility and permission of band during locking and unlocking.This can also be used in the predetermined flexibility for generating band, should Predetermined flexibility can be used for generating pretension inwardly and upwardly.This can be used for increasing the angle of horizontal locking surfaces and eliminates one A little manufacturing tolerances.Floorboard can also be attached to ... by being nailed down ground floor, and joint tongue 10 is that nail 24 provides heavily fortified point Solid base portion.Nail joint groove 26 may be formed on the back side, to prevent the division at the back side.

Floorboard can have inclined-plane 4 or decorative groove 5 in upper edge.Preferably, decorative groove 5 is formed in the second side On edge 1 ', positioned at the position of the clast most serious from saw blade.

Fig. 4 a-4f describes the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 a shows locking system and is formed as not having lower lip outstanding Portion and between band 6 and the low portion at adjacent edge do not have space.Fig. 4 c is shown can be by being located under joint tongue 10 The upper part 16 of lower vertical locking surface 13 and band 6 and the low portion of second edge 1 ' on portion part are erected Straight locking.

Fig. 5 a-b, which is shown, can also be used only lower vertical locking surface 13 and horizontal locking surfaces 15 realize vertical locking.? May exist space S above joint tongue 10 and between the upper part of band 6 and the low portion of second edge 1 '.The band It can be used for inclined locking surface 15 at by locking piece 8 and generate pretension P comprising inside pretension P1 and upward Pretension P2.The pretension can produce the coarctate pressing force P3 of lower part locking surface 13.The band is in latched position It is bowed slightly outward.This makes it possible to further eliminate the demand to tight manufacturing tolerance.Only need to accurately control lower part lock The position on surface 13 is determined, to be formed at upper joint edge the floor for not having so-called " timber is prominent (over wood) ".

The lock angle of about 40-60 degree is preferably, to generate above-mentioned horizontal and vertical pretension.Vertical pretension It can also be generated, be pressed against on the interior section of latch recess 14a by the upper part 8a of locking piece.

Even if Figure 5b shows that floor thick-ness increases, and essentially identical joint geometries can also be used.The low portion of band 6b is arranged to beam thickness reduction.Alternatively, horizontal groove can be formed in the strip below the lock to increase It is flexible.

All embodiments can partly or wholly be combined into alternate embodiment.Locking system can be used for by inclined Angle adjusting movement locking long and/or short edges.Locking system is also adapted for being locked using horizontal snap, thus in card During conjunction movement when the lower guide face coordination with one another on joint tongue and lower lips, band 6 is bended backward.This can for example be used for Long edge is connected to short edge or snap long edges when not can be carried out drift angle regulatio.

Locking system can be also attached by the drift angle regulatio of first edge 1, and thus band 6 is inserted under lower lips Side.

Fig. 6 a-6g shows the several manufacturing method of segmentation plate.The plate can be laminate, which includes core Portion 3, upper surface 2 and lower surface, the upper surface 2 preferably include decorative layer, which preferably includes balance layer, and the lamination Plate is divided into the first and second panellings with the first and second adjacent edges 1,1 '.Two adjacent edges 1,1 ' are formed as Including the locking system vertically movable and horizontally locked.First and second panellings may be, for example, building panelling or floor panel.

This method can be used for for plate being divided into the first panel and the second panelling.The first panel includes adjacent to the second panelling Second edge 1 ' first edge 1.First edge includes the extension for horizontally protruding past the upper part of first edge 1 (10,6,8).First and second vertical opening grooves 19,18 are formed in plate for example, by the saw blade 20 of rotation.These are recessed Slot is horizontally offset.

Second vertical opening groove 18 includes the positive opening towards plate, and the first vertical groove 19 includes direction One opening at the back side of plate.The plate can be used a variety of methods and be divided into several panellings.

Fig. 6 b, which is shown, so that separated realize in edge 1,1 ' is splitted or separated by drift angle regulatio or pressing.When HDF is used as This method is well-adapted when core, because fiber water level land orients and crack is substantially horizontal.Identical method can In the glued board core with different layers, which may be designed to form controlled split along one of veneer Seam.Preferably, machine direction is substantially oriented from a groove towards another groove.

The dividing method may also include the step of being cut by one or more setting tools, as fig. 6 c, Wherein, the setting tool is, for example, cutter 21 and/or scraper and/or carving tool 22.

One preferred embodiment includes passing through setting tool (22) in first vertical open groove and/or the second groove The step of forming horizontal-extending groove.The horizontal-extending groove is from a direction in the first groove or the second vertical opening groove Another extension in first groove or the second vertical opening groove.The horizontal-extending groove below the front of plate and/or The back side of plate extends.Fig. 6 c shows an embodiment comprising forms the first horizontal extension groove and forms the second water The step of flat extending flute, the first horizontal extension groove are prolonged from first vertical open groove towards the second vertical opening groove It stretches, which extends from the second vertical opening groove towards first vertical open groove.Multiple embodiments can It is included in front of cutting the first and/or second horizontal-extending groove by setting tool, passes through saw blade cutting first and/or second The step of a part of vertical opening groove.

FIG. 6d shows that the saw blades 20 that can pass through rotation to form first vertical open groove, and can pass through scraping or carving tool 22 form the second vertical opening groove.Fig. 6 e shows usable cutter 21 and divides the first and second panellings.

Fig. 6 f and 6g show an embodiment, which includes forming first vertical open groove and second stacked on top of each other Vertical opening groove.Second vertical opening groove can be formed by saw blade and the first vertical groove can pass through scraping or carving work Tool 22 is formed.The step of dividing or forming horizontal groove is not required in this embodiment.

Fig. 7 a and 7b show can be used cutting core band sawing machine 23 realize last separation.This separation provide very by Control cutting and can be used for being difficult to dividing, cut or the material of carving in.

By plate and Fig. 7 c is shown for moving through setting tool 22 (such as carving or scraper) by making plate It is divided into the embodiment of the first panel (1) and the second panelling 1 '.The plate may be provided with balance layer and/or decorative layer, and solid Determine tool to make it possible to being classified from the chip of core and balance layer and/or decorative layer and be processed to individual appearance In device.It is preferred that removing the clast by several compressed-air atomizers.The adjacent edge of first and second panellings is preferably perpendicular Histogram is stacked upwards, and including the lower projections at the first edge of the first panel and on the second side of the second panelling Lower recess at edge.For example, it is as described herein, machine can be formed in adjacent edge for example, by milling, carving or scraping Tool locking system.Locking piece can be formed at lower projections, which is configured to cooperate with latch recess, and the locking is recessed Slot may be formed at lower recess.Vertically stacked edge can reduce and divide plate and formation mechanical locking system is related The waste of board material.Method shown in Fig. 7 c is preferred for dividing MDF or HDF plate or the plate including plastics such as PVC.

Fig. 8 a shows a kind of preferred locking system in strip side 1 with joint tongue 10.Fig. 8 b shows edge 1,1 ' can A relative position is obtained, so that upper surface 2 positions along identical horizontal plane HP and makes an edge in adjacent edge Marginal portion EP be vertically located in above the upper part 8a of locking piece 8, and in locking piece 8 and be located on locking piece 8 There is the space S of at least about 0.5mm extended vertically between the entire neighboring edge of side.Space S can be smaller, but this makes The cost of final separation is more expensive and more complicated.

This edge geometries as shown in Figure 8 b make it possible to that plate is divided into floor panel using carving tool, The carving tool can have enough sizes to carry out reticle with high speed and enough precision and tool life Block.Fig. 8 c is shown, if the geometry of connector on vertical plane VP and exist along vertical plane VP to be located on locking piece 8b The necessary space S of side, then the stacked length OL of final mach marginal portion can be even more big.If working as marginal portion EP is located at vertical plane VP and when the top of one of horizontal locking surfaces 15a for being located on locking piece 8 there are space S, Even greater stacked length and cost savings then may be implemented.

Fig. 8 e shows first vertical open groove 19 and/or the second vertical opening groove 18 can be by the saw blade 20 of rotation And/or the formation of carving tool 22.In this preferred embodiment, the second vertical opening groove 18 is formed by the saw blade 20 of rotation, And first vertical open groove 19 is formed by carving tool 22a.

Preferably, the second groove (18) is made up of the sawing that the saw blade (22) rotating carries out, and the first groove (19) it is made before cutting the second groove (18).

Divide edge by the upper carving tool 22c being inserted in preformed groove and lower carving tool 22b come final Plate, wherein the preformed groove type becomes the groove of basic horizontal.

This nonlinear separation can be used for reducing material in all types of locking systems in conjunction with overlapping edges OL Waste W.Waste of material W in laminate flooring can be less than floor thick-ness T.Waste material can be reduced to about 5mm, thickness about It is even more small in the laminate flooring of 6-12mm.

Plate may be arranged on carrier (such as, conveyer belt/chain), and the carrier is preferably provided with push dress It sets, such as cam or ridges (not shown).The combination with decorative surfaces of plate against the carrier and can face down to arrangement and (not show Out).Driving means can be used for overcoming quite high cutting force, and the cutting force must be overcome will pass through irrotational cut out Quarter tool forms groove.

Fig. 9 a-9f is shown, though as in the conventional locking system shown in Fig. 9 a-9b in second edge 1 ' shape At there is joint tongue 10, it can also be separated by nonlinear panelling and overlapping edges OL realizes the saving of sizable material waste W. Fig. 9 b, which shows the vertical groove biased using two and small carving, can reduce waste material W.Fig. 9 c, which is shown, can improve locking system Enable it compatible with old locking system and can get the edge increased as shown in figure 9d and is stacked.The outer top portion of locking piece 8 Divide and a part of the low portion of joint tongue 10 can pass through carving work by the inclined small rotating milling tools of energy or more preferably Tool removal, so that space S can be formed when edge 1,1 ' is in stowed position as described above.Preferably, in the outer of locking piece The space S of portion's upper is greater than the space S in the over top of locking piece, so that strong and relatively large carving cutting edge 22b can be used for dividing panelling.Fig. 9 e-9f shows further cost savings and can obtain in the case where joint tongue 10 moves up Obtain bigger be stacked.

Figure 10 a shows tool, and there are four the carving tools of carved teeth 30a-30d.These teeth are connected to tool body 31.

Several methods can be used to increase production capacity and adaptability.

Each carved teeth can be fixed in adjustable tool retainer.Several carved teeths can have identical length Degree, and depth of cut can be adjusted with an adjustable tool holder.

In order to rapidly change tooth, tool retainer is attached in rotating disk or other instrument cases systems Tool body.

Figure 10 b shows tool body and can slightly tilt, so that working as panelling along direction of feed relative to fixed carving work Each tooth carving goes out the depth of such as 0.2mm when tool displacement.Each tooth may be designed to the carving such as 0.2- in wood based cores The distance of 0.6mm.HDF by carving particularly suitable for being formed.

It is the first notch for how cutting out 11 lower section of back laminate that Figure 11 a, which shows the first tooth 30a,.Tooth edge includes 3 A cutting edge forms bottom portion of groove 31a and two side walls 31b, 31c.Preferably, these teeth have and gradually become along direction of feed Small width.Slightly V-shaped tooth, which can be used for providing, more accurately to be cut and has reduced laminate clast.It reduce Issuable tool wear and heat under high feed speed.

Figure 11 b shows the carving to the groove of basic horizontal, this provides final separation.Groove angle in final groove can Changed between 0 degree to 45 degree with respect to the horizontal plane HP.

Above-mentioned locking system is specifically designed to that plate is allowed to be separated in cost-effective manner to reduce waste material W.Such as from As it can be seen that waste material can be reduced considerably in attached drawing.In most applications, compared to traditional manufacturing methods, it can be achieved that about The waste material of 40-50% is reduced.

The embodiment of the present invention is particularly well suited for being used in solid wooden floor board, material cost height and tenon outstanding in solid wooden floor board Tongue causes very high waste material cost.A kind of very efficient mode of the cost with rather low waste can be used to manufacture one Kind floor, which includes small, individual, rectangle, small size parquet tape, and its width and length are 10* 50cm or smaller.

The embodiment of the present invention can be used in length and/or short edge being formed various types of locking systems, the locking The various combinations that system can be folded by drift angle regulatio, and/or horizontal snap and/or vertically are attached.

Embodiments of the invention could be applicable to the panellings with digital printing surface, such as building panelling and floor edge Plate.The advantage is that there is no need to adjust printing cylinder and the printing paper pattern on plate is adjusted to by dividing plate system The size of the panelling obtained.Since digital printing superficial layer is usually easy to cut, thus relatively thin tool can be used and formed vertically Groove.Panelling such as building panelling and floor panel may also be formed as not having combination with decorative surfaces.After having formed locking system, Combination with decorative surfaces and protective layer can be applied for example, by digital printing.The method reduces surface waste to minimum.

Mechanical locking system can be formed by rotation tool, which usually have about 20cm or bigger straight Diameter.Rotation tool mechanism is driven by tool motor, which is the larger cost in the gross investment of production line, they are also consumed Can, there is complicated electric control system and require many maintenances.Rotation tool generates many dust, these dust must It must be extracted.Dust includes the clast of removal and the mixture of dust.Complicated dust for rotating tool mechanism extracts The shortcomings that system, is that a part of dust and clast enters in conveyer system, causes to wear, which negatively affects transmission The precision of system.If rotation tool substituted with carving tool, all these problems can be reduced.

According to an embodiment of the invention, can only separate panelling by using carving tool and form complete locking system System, the locking system include joint tongue 10, tongue groove 9, band 6, locking piece 8 and latch recess 14, as figure 8 e shows.Can also it pass through Carving forms inclined-plane or decorative groove in upper edge.

According to an embodiment of the invention, if the carving before final separation can form the stem portion or even of locking system It is entire locking system.It can provide point-device and smooth edge using V-arrangement carving tool scraping top edge.

Such as latch recess 14 can also be formed before separating panelling.In a subsequent production stage, the locking Groove can be used for guiding panelling to correct position, this can be used for being further reduced stacked OL and saves even more materials Material.

Claims

1. a kind of building panelling, including surface (2) and core (3), and it is provided with for by the first of the first building panelling (1) Edge is vertically movable and horizontally locked to the locking system of the adjacent second edge of the second building panelling (1 '), wherein described The upper part at the first and second edges collectively defines the vertical plane vertical with horizontal plane (HP) (VP), the water in latched position Plane is parallel with the surface (2), and the locking system is configured so that through the first and second building panellings (1,1 ') Drift angle regulatio relative to each other assembles the first and second edges, and the locking system includes being made one with the core (3) The joint tongue (10) and tongue groove (9) of body, the joint tongue and tongue groove are configured to cooperate to lock for vertical, and first Edge (1) includes that integrated band is made with the core, and the band (6) is provided with locking piece (8), which is configured to It is cooperated with the downwardly open latch recess (14) being formed in second edge (1 ') for horizontal lock, it is characterised in that:

The joint tongue being arranged in the first edge and the lower lips (9a) for the tongue groove (9) being arranged at the second edge exist It cooperates at lower vertical locking surface (13),

The locking piece (8) and latch recess (14) cooperate at horizontal locking surfaces (15),

The joint tongue (10) projects outwardly beyond vertical plane (VP),

The tongue groove (9) includes upper lip (9b), and

The lower lips (9a) are prolonged relative to the level that the horizontal extension length (LE) of upper lip (9b) is less than the joint tongue (10) Elongation (TE).

2. building panelling according to claim 1, wherein co-operating horizontal locking surfaces (15) utilize horizontal pre- Power (P1) and vertical pretension (P2) horizontally and vertically lock the edge.

3. building panelling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the joint tongue (10) is in Upper vertical locking surface (12) Place cooperates with the upper lip (9b).

4. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1 to 3, wherein the joint tongue (10) and tongue groove (9) Including Upper vertical locking surface (12) and lower vertical locking surface (13), these locking surfaces are basically parallel to horizontal plane (HP) it and is horizontally offset, so that a part of the Upper vertical locking surface (12) is locked compared to the lower vertical Surface (13) is in the horizontal direction closer to the locking piece (8).

5. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-4, wherein the lower lips (9a) protrude past institute State upper lip (9b) and vertical plane (VP).

6. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-5, wherein the horizontal extension of the joint tongue (10) is long Degree (TE) is at least about twice of the horizontal extension length (LE) of the lower lips (9a).

7. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-6, wherein the joint tongue (10) and tongue groove (9) Including guide surface (17a, 17b), the guide surface is configured to: during being assembled by drift angle regulatio, when second side When the marginal portion (EP) and the band (6) of edge (1 ') and/or the locking piece (8) contact, the guide surface is in contact with each other.

8. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-7, wherein the guide surface (17a, 17b) is opposite It tilts and is located in the upper part and/or low portion of the joint tongue (10) and tongue groove (9) in vertical plane (VP).

9. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-7, wherein the horizontal locking surfaces be located in Below the horizontal strip plane (HPS) of upper part (6a) intersection of the band (6), the upper part is substantially vertically fixed Position is below the exterior section of the joint tongue (10).

10. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-9, wherein the horizontal locking surfaces are located in The following above and of the horizontal strip plane.

11. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-10, wherein the horizontal locking surfaces are located in Above the horizontal strip plane.

12. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-11, wherein the locking system is included in described The marginal portion (EP) of the upper part of band (6) and second panelling (1 ') being positioned substantially at below the joint tongue (10) Between space (S).

13. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-12, wherein the Upper vertical locking surface phase The horizontal locking surfaces are biased in the horizontal direction.

14. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-13, wherein vertical and horizontal locking surface is with water Flat distance (D) biases in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal distance (D) is greater than the horizontal extension length (TE) of the joint tongue (10).

15. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-14, wherein the core includes HDF, particle Plate, plastics or plywood material.

16. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 1-15, wherein horizontal locking surfaces (15) phase There is the lock angle of about 40-60 degree for horizontal plane (HP).

17. a kind of building panelling, each building panelling includes upper surface (2) and core (3), and is provided with for by The first edge of one building panelling (1) is vertically and horizontally locked to the lock of the adjacent second edge of the second building panelling (1 ') Determine system, wherein the upper part at the first and second edges collectively defines vertical plane (VP) in latched position, which hangs down Directly in horizontal plane (HP), which is parallel to the upper surface (2) of the first and second building panellings (1,1 '), the locking system It is configured so that through the first and second building panellings (1,1 ') drift angle regulatio relative to each other and assembles first and Two edges, the locking system include be made with the core (3) integrated joint tongue (10), tongue groove (9) and with the core Portion is made integrated band (6), and the joint tongue and tongue groove are configured to cooperate so that for locking vertically, the band is arranged Have locking piece (8), which is configured to cooperate with the downwardly open latch recess (14) being formed in second edge (1 ') To be used for horizontal lock, the edge (1,1 ') can obtain the phase between first edge and second edge with certain distance To position, which is characterized in that

In the position, the upper surface (2) of the first and second building panellings (1,1 ') is in same level (HP),

The marginal portion (EP) of second edge is vertically positioned at the top of the upper part of locking piece (8), and

There is the vertical extension of at least about 0.5mm between locking piece and all parts of the second edge above locking piece Space S.

18. building panelling according to claim 17, wherein the marginal portion (EP) is located at the vertical plane (VP) Place.

19. building panelling described in 7 or 18 according to claim 1, wherein the locking piece (8) includes locking surface (15a), The locking surface is cooperated with the locking surface at latch recess (14) to be used for horizontal lock, and wherein, the marginal portion (EP) it is vertically located in above the locking surface (15a) of the locking piece.

20. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 17-19, wherein the space S is greater than 0.6mm.

21. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 17-20, wherein on the exterior section of locking piece The space S of side is equal to or more than the space S above the upper part of locking piece.

22. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 17-21, wherein the marginal portion EP include to Lower and intilted low portion.

23. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 17-22, wherein the marginal portion includes described The low portion of joint tongue (10).

24. the building panelling according to any one of preceding claims 17-23, wherein the building panelling is floorboard.