CN100529297C - Half-floating floor - Google Patents

Half-floating floor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100529297C
CN100529297C CNB2005800022974A CN200580002297A CN100529297C CN 100529297 C CN100529297 C CN 100529297C CN B2005800022974 A CNB2005800022974 A CN B2005800022974A CN 200580002297 A CN200580002297 A CN 200580002297A CN 100529297 C CN100529297 C CN 100529297C
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China
Prior art keywords
floor
board block
floor board
locking system
tongue
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CNB2005800022974A
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CN1910327A (en
Inventor
D·佩尔万
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Valinge Innovation AB
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Valinge Innovation AB
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • E04F15/02033—Joints with beveled or recessed upper edges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/04—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of flooring elements, e.g. parqueting blocks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/025—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongue and grooves alternating transversally in the direction of the thickness of the panel, e.g. multiple tongue and grooves oriented parallel to each other
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/026—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with rabbets, e.g. being stepped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/041—Tongues or grooves with slits or cuts for expansion or flexibility
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips

Abstract

Provided are floor covering and locking system and an equipment for production of e.g floorboards. Floorboards with a mechanical locking system that allows movement between the floorboards when they are joined to form a floating floor.

Description

A kind of semifloating floor
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to the technical field of the locking system of floor board block.But one aspect of the present invention relates to the locking system of the floor board block of mechanical engagement, relates to floor board block and floor system with this locking system and the production method of producing this floor board block on the other hand.More specifically, the invention particularly relates to such locking system, this locking system can be laid floating floor in big continuous surface, and shape has the floor board block of very big change after being laid on installation.
Background technology
The present invention be particularly useful for floating wood flooring and laminate flooring for example large block wooden floor, parquet, have face veneer the floor, have the laminate flooring of high-pressure laminated plate or contact laminating plate surface course etc.
Therefore, will mainly be at this application and as non-limiting example hereinafter to the problem of prior art, known system and the explanation of target of the present invention and feature.But, should emphasize that the present invention can be used for being bonded into by mechanical locking system any floor board block of different pattern.Therefore, the present invention also can be used for bonded or nail on the floor of subfloor, or be used to have core and have the floor of making the surface by the fiberboard surface of plastics, malthoid, cork, japanning etc.
Term definition
Hereinafter, the visible surface of mounted floor board block is called as " front side ", and the opposite side towards subfloor of floor board block is called as " rear side "." floor surface " is meant the main outer surface level part of floor board block, and it is relative with rear side and be positioned at a plane.Oblique angle, tongue-and-groove or similar decorative characteristics are the part of front side rather than the part of floor surface." laminate flooring " is meant to have and comprises the floor on the surface of compressed melamine impregnated paper under pressure and heat." horizontal plane " is meant the plane of the exterior section extension that is parallel to floor surface." vertical plane " is meant the plane perpendicular to horizontal plane.
The exterior section of the floor board block of the floor board block edge between front side and rear side is called as " trip edge "." trip edge part " is meant the part of the trip edge of floor board block." joint " or " locking system " is the coefficient linkage of instigating the vertical and/or horizontal interconnect of floor board block." mechanical locking system " is meant and do not use adhesive to realize engaging.In many cases, mechanical locking system also can use adhesive bond." vertically " is meant and is parallel to the vertical plane locking.Usually, vertically comprises the joint tongue that cooperates with tongue-and-groove with joint tongue." horizontal lock " is meant and is parallel to the horizontal plane locking." coupling opening " is meant that two trip edges by two floor board block that are bonded together limit and towards the groove of front openings." joint clearance " is meant the minimum range between two joint edge portion of two floor board block that are bonded together are divided in by the localized area, top of front side and the joint tongue adjacent with this front side." opening joint clearance " is meant the joint clearance towards front openings." visible joint clearance " is meant the people joint clearance macroscopic from the front side of walking on the floor, be the joint clearance of the general requirements set up of board type differently greater than (floor) industry perhaps." continuous floating floor surface " is meant the floor surface that is mounted to a monoblock and does not have expansion pipe.
Traditional lamination and parquet are mounted to usually on existing subfloor and float.The trip edge of floor board block engages with the formation floor surface, and whole floor surface can move with respect to subfloor.Because the relative humidity RH contraction or expansion of floor board block meeting because of changing with the time is so the shape of whole floor surface can change.
This floating floor utilizes bonding joint tongue-tongue-and-groove joint to engage usually.When laying, floor board block is flatly put together, and will insert along the joint tongue tongue-and-groove that is adjacent to the plate trip edge along the outstanding joint tongue of a floor board block trip edge.Floor board block is vertically located and locked to joint tongue-tongue-and-groove joint, and binder levels ground locking floor board block.On long side and short side, use same procedure, and the long usually side of floor board block by long side and short side by the weak point side be laid to parallel row.
Except this outside, traditional floor that utilizes bonding joint tongue-tongue-and-groove joint to engage, developed the floor board block that does not need to use adhesive and utilize so-called mechanical locking system mechanical engagement in recent years.These systems comprise locking device, this locking device mechanical caging floor board block horizontally and vertically and do not use adhesive.The vertically device forms joint tongue usually, and it cooperates with tongue-and-groove with joint tongue.The horizontal lock device comprises the locking piece that cooperates with the locking tongue-and-groove.Locking piece can be formed on from joint tongue and use on the extended support plate in bottom (strip) of tongue-and-groove, perhaps can be formed on the joint tongue.Mechanical locking system can form by machine floor board block core.Selectively, the part of locking system for example joint tongue and/or support plate can with floor board block all-in-one-piece-promptly engaged with floor board block when factory's manufactured place plate-different materials makes.
Floor board block can engage by rotating (angle), interlock, the vertical Change Example in position such as the so-called various combined machines ground that vertically stacks and insert along the trip edge.All these mounting methods are except vertically stacking the outside and all need a side-length side of floor board block or lacking side-can move in latched position.Many locking systems on the market are formed in locking piece and locking to have little space between the tongue-and-groove and moves so that help.The floor board block that the objective of the invention is to produce movably and utilize tight as far as possible cooperation to interconnect simultaneously.The displacement space of very little for example 0.01-0.05mm usually is enough to reduce greatly the friction between the wood fiber.According to the European standard EN 13329 of laminate flooring, the average of the coupling opening between the floor board block is answered≤0.15mm, and the maximum value in the floor is answered≤0.20mm.The all manufacturers' of floating floor purpose is to reduce coupling opening as much as possible.Some floors even form and have pretension, wherein, the support plate with locking piece that is in latched position is crooked backward towards subfloor, and locking piece and locking tongue-and-groove are when closely pressing together plate mutually.This floor is difficult to install.
Wooden and laminate flooring also joins subfloor to by bonding or nailing.This bonding/nailing can hinder because of moving of producing of moisture and keep floor board block to engage.Near the mobile center that occurs in each floor board block of floor board block.Have only each floor board block to expand and shrink, rather than whole floor surface, thereby make (floor) alteration of form.
Join the floor board block of subfloor at all without any need for locking system by bonding/nailing.But they can have the traditional joint tongue-tongue-and-groove joint that helps perpendicular positioning.They also can have mechanical locking system, and this system vertically and/or flatly locks and locate floor board block when laying.
The advantage of floating floor is can be hidden under the baseboard by the change of shape that in various degree relative humidity RH causes to take place, although and floor board block can expand and shrink still can be bonded into and do not have visible joint clearance.Especially can install fast and easily by the use mechanical locking system, and the floor can be packed up and be laid again in different positions.Even shortcoming is that continuous floor surface (size) usually must be restricted under the situation of the laminate flooring of the floor floor board block more stable by size-for example have fiberboard core or the wood floorings that are made of a plurality of layers with different machine directions-constitute.Its reason is that the size on the floor of this dimensionally stable can change usually, when RH be in the winter time 25% and summer be when changing between 85% size can change about 0.1%, i.e. every meter about 1mm.For example this floor will be on 10 meters long distances the about 10mm of pucker ﹠ bloat.Big floor surface must be separated into less surface with expansion strip for for example per 10 or 15 meters.If do not carry out this separation, thereby the floor risk that distortion can not be covered by baseboard when shrinking then can appear.Equally, because when big continuous surface moves, must transmit very big load, so the load that acts on the locking system will be very big.At the passageway internal loading between the chummery not will be especially big.
The implementation rule of setting up according to European laminate manufacturer (EPLF) surpasses on 12m and the surface of width greater than the monolithic floor of 8m at length direction the expansion fillet should be installed.This profile also should be installed in the gateway between the room.Manufacturer with floating floor of wooden surfaces also uses similar installation guide.The expansion fillet normally is installed in aluminium or the parts of plastics on the floor surface between the floor unit of two separation.They can assemble dust, present undesired outward appearance and comparison costliness.Because these limits to maximum floor surface make, press the floor only can in commercial application examples such as hotel, airport and large-scale shopping zone, occupy less market share.
Bigger variation can take place in the unsettled floor for example shape of homogeneous wood flooring.The most important factor that influences homogeneous wood flooring alteration of form is machine direction and timber kind.The homogeneous oak floor is i.e. vertically highly stable along floor board block along machine direction.In the horizontal, along with the variation of the RH in a year, (floor) motion can be corresponding to every meter 30mm 3% or more.The change of shape of the timber of other kind can be bigger.The floor board block that shape has great changes can not be mounted to unsteady usually.Even can install like this, continuous floor surface also can be very restricted.
Bonding/as to be pinned to advantage on the subfloor and to be the continuous floor surface that can provide big and the fillet that do not expand, and very big load can be born in the floor.Another advantage is a floor board block without any need for vertical and horizontal lock system, and they can by long side for example with lack side and engage and be mounted to complicated patterns.This mounting method that is attached on the subfloor that comprises has a lot of shortcomings.Major defect is when floor board block is shunk, and visible joint clearance can occur between the floor board block.Especially when floor board block was made by the timber of easy tide, the joint clearance can be bigger.The joint clearance of the had 3-5mm of the homogeneous wood flooring of nail on subfloor.Distance between the floor board block is scattered in some less and some bigger gaps brokenly, and these gaps are always not parallel.Therefore, the joint clearance can change on floor board block length.Big joint clearance holds a large amount of dusts, and dust will penetrate into joint tongue downwards and stop floor board block to get back to their initial position when expanding.This mounting method is time-consuming, and must regulate subfloor in many cases so that can be bonding/be pinned to subfloor.
Therefore, be very favorable if a kind of especially following such floating floor of floating floor that does not have above-mentioned defective can be provided, this floating floor
A) can comprise big continuous surface and the fillet that do not expand,
B) can taking place very with the RH variation in a year by meeting, the floor board block of the easy tide of large scale variation constitutes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to floating floor to be mounted to locking system, floor board block and the floor of big continuous surface, wherein, floor board block presents very big change in size along with the change of relative humidity (RH).The invention still further relates to production method and the production equipment of producing this floor.
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of floating floor that is made of the rectangular area plate with mechanical locking system, and in this floor, the size of floor board block, laying pattern and locking system match to merge and allow to be moved between the floor board block.According to the present invention, individually the shape of plate can change after installation, promptly can be owing to relative humidity variations pucker ﹠ bloat.This change of shape can take place by this way, and the variation of promptly whole floor shape can be reduced or preferably be eliminated, and the floor keeps locking mutually and do not have big visible joint clearance simultaneously.
Second purpose provides a kind of locking system, and this locking system allows to carry out very big moving between floor board block and do not have big with dark dust accumulation joint clearance and/or can prevent the opening joint clearance.This locking system is particularly suitable for for example timber of easy damp material, but also is suitable for using the big floating floor of wide and/or long floor board block installation.
Use term " long side " and " short side " to help understanding in the manual.According to the present invention, floor board block can also or selectively be square and rectangle for square, also presents different patterns alternatively and have angle between opposite side.
Especially should emphasize that the combination of the floor board block that provides in this manual, locking system and laying pattern only is the example of suitable embodiment.Can imagine a large amount of alternatives.All embodiment that are suitable for first purpose of the present invention all can make up with the embodiment that describes second purpose of the present invention.All locking systems can be used for long side and/or short side separately, also can carry out various combinations on long side and short side.Locking system with level and vertically device can be by rotating and/or engage in snap engagement.Can be by the edge of machine floor board block, or form before or after dividing by the joint edge portion that joins floor board block at the material that separates to or the material of machine this separations selectively, and the geometry of formation locking system and level and the vertically device that works.
These purposes are all or part of to be realized according to following technical scheme.
The invention provides a kind of semifloating floor, this floor comprises the rectangular area plate that engages by mechanical locking system, the floor board block that engages in this locking system has the horizontal plane that is parallel to floor surface, with vertical plane perpendicular to this horizontal plane, described locking system has the mechanical co-operating latch means that level that the vertical engagement and being used to that is used to be parallel to vertical plane that is arranged in first trip edge and second trip edge is parallel to horizontal plane engages, and in this locking system, the vertically device comprises the joint tongue that cooperates with tongue-and-groove with joint tongue, the horizontal lock device comprises the locking piece (8) with the lock face that cooperates with the locking tongue-and-groove, it is characterized in that: the form of floor board block, pattern and locking system are installed are designed such that when floor board block and are compressed in horizontal plane or during tensile load, 1 meter * 1 meter floor surface is 1mm at least along the change in length of at least one direction; This change in length can take place and not have visible joint clearance; And surface course is laminate or veneer, the core of floor board block is for example MDF or HDF of wood-based panel, the variation of floor length is at least 1.0mm when the trip edge being applied the power of 100kg/m, the variation of floor length is at least 1.5mm when the trip edge being applied the power of 200kg/m, the average splice gap is no more than 0.15mm when the trip edge being applied the power of 100kg/m, and the average splice gap is no more than 0.20mm when the trip edge being applied the power of 200kg/m.
Preferably, the form of floor board block, pattern and locking system design are installed and are combined into and make it possible to installation length or width surpasses the big semifloating continuous surface of 12m and do not have expansion pipe.
Preferably, floor surface is the continuous floor surface that length or width surpass 20m.
Preferably, the width of floor board block is no more than 100mm.
According to first aspect, the present invention includes the floating floor that constitutes by the rectangular area plate, this floor board block engages by mechanical locking system.The floor board block that engages has the horizontal plane that is parallel to floor surface and perpendicular to the vertical plane of this horizontal plane.Locking system has the mechanical co-operating latch means that level that the vertical engagement and being used to that is used to be parallel to vertical plane that is arranged in first and second trip edges is parallel to horizontal plane engages.The vertically device comprises the joint tongue that cooperates with tongue-and-groove, and the horizontal lock device comprises the locking piece with the lock face that cooperates with the locking tongue-and-groove.The floor is characterised in that form, installation pattern and the locking system of floor board block are designed such that when floor board block is pressed together or draw back the shape of 1 * 1 meter floor surface can change 1mm at least along at least one direction.This change of shape can take place and do not have visible joint clearance.
According to second aspect, the present invention includes the locking system that is used for the mechanical engagement floor board block, in this locking system, the floor board block of joint has the horizontal plane that is parallel to floor surface and perpendicular to the vertical plane of this horizontal plane.Locking system has the mechanical co-operating latch means that level that the vertical engagement and being used to that is used to be parallel to vertical plane that is arranged in first and second trip edges is parallel to horizontal plane engages.The vertically device comprises the joint tongue that cooperates with tongue-and-groove, and the horizontal lock device comprises the locking piece with the lock face that cooperates with the locking tongue-and-groove.First and second trip edges have trip edge, the upper and lower part between joint tongue and floor surface.Upper joint edges part is than plate surface closer, lower bond marginal portion.Locking system is characterised in that, when floor board block was bonded with each other and be extruded, two upper joint edges parts were separated mutually, and a upper joint edges in first trip edge partly overlaps on the lower bond marginal portion in second trip edge.
According to preferred embodiments more of the present invention, advantageously floor board block comprises very little floor board block and many joints of energy compensate for dilatation and contraction.Owing to produce strict space and the joint clearance that limits of the common needs in high-quality floor according to the present invention, so the production tolerance should be very little.
But,, have required tolerance so be difficult to little floor board block produced because little floor board block can rotate during machine in uncontrolled mode.The main cause that little floor board block is difficult to make than big floor board block is that big floor board block has bigger area, and this bigger area can contact with band with chain during the edge of machine floor board block.This big contact area keeps floor board block to be fixed on the chain by described band by this way, and promptly floor board block can not move or rotate with respect to direction of feed, and hour can take place thisly to move or to rotate in contact area.
The production of floor board block is carried out substantially by this way, and promptly one group of instrument and floor board block base substrate are movable relative to each other.One group of instrument preferably includes one or more milling cutters, and machine locking system in the manner known to persons skilled in the art is arranged to and is sized to this milling cutter.
The most frequently used equipment is bilateral or one-sided end tenonen, wherein uses chain and brings along the direction of feed of suitable qualification plate movably very accurately.Pressure footwear (pressureshoe) and support unit use to prevent vertical shift with chain and band in many application.The horizontal-shift of floor board block is only prevented by chain and band.
Especially this is not enough to problem when plate hour in many application.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides such production equipment and production method, gets final product use side tenonen grown place plate and mechanical locking system, but precision is than the precision height that uses already known processes to realize.Therefore the present invention also comprises and is used to produce the especially equipment of floor board block of plate for building.This equipment comprises chain, band, pressure footwear and set of tools.Chain and band are arranged to make floor board block to move with respect to set of tools and pressure footwear along direction of feed.The pressure footwear are arranged to the rear side extruding towards floor board block.Set of tools is arranged to form the marginal portion of floor board block when floor board block moves with respect to this set of tools.An instrument in the set of tools forms guide surface in floor board block.The pressure footwear has guiding device, and this guiding device cooperates with guide surface, and prevents that (floor board block) is offset along direction vertical with direction of feed and that be parallel to the rear side of floor board block.
Known, can on the rear side of floor board block, form groove, and scale can be inserted this groove with when on workbench, guiding this floor board block movably during this floor board block of the Tape movement of plate.Unknown is to use special-purpose guide surface and guiding device when the pressure footwear cooperate with chain in the tenonen of end.
The 4th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of big semifloating floor that is made of the rectangular area plate with mechanical locking system, in this floor, but the form of floor board block, installation pattern and locking system are designed so that installation length or width surpass the big semifloating continuous surface of 12m and do not have expansion pipe.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a-1b illustrates the floor board block with locking system;
Fig. 2 a-2f illustrates locking system and laying pattern;
Fig. 3 a-3e illustrates locking system;
Fig. 4 a-4c illustrates locking system;
Fig. 5 a-5d illustrates floor board block and the method for testing that is bonded together;
Fig. 6 a-6e illustrates locking system;
Fig. 7 a-7e illustrates locking system;
Fig. 8 a-8f illustrates locking system;
Fig. 9 a-9d illustrates locking system;
Figure 10 a-10d illustrates production equipment;
Figure 11 a-11d illustrates production equipment;
Figure 12 a-12c illustrates locking system.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 a-1b illustrates the floor board block according to the first kind A of the present invention and second type B, and in this implemented, the long side 4a of described floor board block and 4b were 3 times of length of lacking side 5a and 5b.Long side 4a, the 4b of floor board block has vertical and horizontal linkage, and the short side 5a and the 5b of floor board block have horizontal linkage.In this embodiment, put upside down the outside except the position mirror image of locking device, these two kinds of floor board block are identical.Locking device allows by at least inwardly rotating long side 4a to be engaged with long side 4b, and by inside rotation long side 4a is engaged with short side 5a, and short side 5b is engaged with long side 4b.In this embodiment, can only make long side 4a, 4b be bonded into herringbone pattern or parallel row with short side 5a, 5b by rotational motion along long side 4a, 4b.Long side 4a, the 4b of floor board block have linkage, and in this embodiment, this linkage comprises support plate 6, joint tongue tongue-and-groove 9 and joint tongue 10.Short side 5a also has support plate 6 and joint tongue tongue-and-groove 9, and short side 5b does not have joint tongue 10.There is multiple modification.As long as these two kinds of floor board block can grow side as described above by lacking side engagement, then they do not need to have identical form and locking device also can have difformity.Linkage can be made by (with floor board block) identical materials, made or made by the identical materials that (with floor board block) has a dissimilar material properties by (with floor board block) different material.For example, linkage can be made by plastics or metal.Their also available and floor board block identical materials are made, but will for example handle impregnating to change their characteristic to it.Short side 5b can have joint tongue, and various combination that then can be by rotational motion and masticatory movement is bonded into argyle design in the mode of prior art with floor board block.Short side also can have the flex tongue of separation, and this joint tongue can move horizontally between lockup period.
Fig. 2 a illustrates two floor board block being bonded with each other 1,1 ' linkage.In this embodiment, floor board block has core 30 and the balance layer 32 that the surface course 31 made by laminate, specific surface layer 31 are soft and compressibility is bigger is made by for example HDF.Vertically D1 comprises the joint tongue tongue-and-groove 9 that cooperates with joint tongue 10.Horizontal lock D2 comprises the support plate 6 with the locking piece 8 that cooperates with locking tongue-and-groove 12.This locking system can engage by inwardly rotating along upper joint edges.It also can be changed into can be by horizontal snap-lock.Locking piece 8 and locking tongue-and-groove 12 have the lock face 15,14 of cooperation.When floor board block along continuous straight runs D2 was bonded with each other and presses together, floor board block can present such state, promptly had space 20 between lock face 14,15.Fig. 2 a illustrates when drawing back floor board block in opposite direction and contacts fully and mutual extrusion together the time when lock face 14,15, occurs joint clearance 21 between the upper joint edges of front side.Space according to the present invention between the lock face 14,15 is restricted to the displacement that equals this upper joint edges when upper joint edges is pressed together as mentioned above and drawn back.This space in the locking system is that move on the maximum floor of generation when the pressure that uses the intensity that is suitable for marginal portion and locking system and pulling force press together floor board block and draw back.Limit according to this, only by small amount of compression-will have such space, this space is equal to or slightly greater than the joint clearance to floor board block-this floor board block with hard surface layer or edge substantially when being pressed together.Having will be much larger than the joint clearance than the space of the floor board block of soft edges.According to this qualification, the space is always more than or equal to the joint clearance.Space and joint clearance for example can be 0.05-0.10mm.The joint clearance that is approximately 0.1mm is considered to acceptable.These joint clearances are difficult to see, and normal dust granule will be excessive and can not be by so little joint clearance infiltration locking system.Especially when using very big pressure and tension measurement space and joint clearance, the joint clearance is 0.20mm to the maximum in some applications, and for example the space of 0.25mm is acceptable.This maximal clearance only for example is lower than 20% and act on just appearance under the very high extreme condition of load on the floor in that humidity is very low.In normal condition with under using, the joint clearance on this floor can be 0.10mm or littler.
Fig. 2 b illustrates has the common lamination floor that the size that is mounted to parallel row is the floor board block of 1.2 * 0.2m.The about 1mm of every meter pucker ﹠ bloat of this laminate flooring.If the space of locking system is about 0.1mm, then 5 joints along horizontal direction D2B will allow every meter expansion and shrink 5 * 0.1=0.5mm.This only compensates the maximum swelling of 1mm or half of contraction.On longitudinal direction D2A, only there is a joint in every 1.2m, and this allows moving of 0.1mm.Therefore space 20 in the locking system and joint clearance 21 only help to reduce on a small quantity the floor along the pucker ﹠ bloat that is parallel to the direction D2 of long side.For floor mobile being reduced to half of moving of in the floor that does not have space 20 and joint clearance 21, taking place usually, space 20 must be increased to 0.6mm, and this can cause having excessive joint clearance 21 on short side.
Fig. 2 c illustrates for example to has by the fiberboard floor board block of the core 30 made of HDF and the surface course made by laminate or veneer for example, and it is every meter 1mm that the maximum size of this floor board block is changed to about 0.1%.This floor board block is mounted to parallel row.In this embodiment, floor board block is narrow and short, and it is of a size of for example 0.5 * 0.08m.If the space is 0.1mm, then on 1 meter floor length 12 of 12 floor board block joints will allow moving of 1.2mm taken place along horizontal direction D2B, this maximum size greater than the floor changes.Therefore, be movable relative to each other by floor board block and can make fully that plate is moved, and the external dimensions on floor can be constant.In longitudinal direction D2A, two short side connectors can only compensate moving of every meter 0.2mm.For example being in the long room of the wide and 40m of 10m, opposite with the installation principle of present recommendation, can be parallel to the width in room by the long side that makes floor board block and install suitably perpendicular to the length direction in room.According to this preferred embodiment, therefore, can use the big continuous floating floor surface that narrow floor board block forms does not have big visible joint clearance, this floor board block has the locking system in band space and is bonded into parallel row perpendicular to the length direction of floor surface.Therefore adjustable root section so that the floor surface of 1 * 1m can and be pressed together about 1mm or bigger along at least one direction expansion, and can not damaged locking system or floor board block according to locking system of the present invention, floor board block and installation pattern.Be installed in mechanical locking system in the floating floor of home environment and should withstand floor length tensile load and the compression of 200kg at least corresponding to every 1m.More specifically, preferably, when above-mentioned floor surface is subjected to compression or the tensile load of 200kg along any direction, and floor board block is in the following time of condition of about 45% general relative humidity, should realize not having the above-mentioned alteration of form of visible joint clearance.
The intensity of mechanical locking system is extremely important in big continuous floating floor surface.This big continuous surface is defined as the floor surface that length and/or width surpass 12m.Very large continuous surface is defined as the floor surface that length and/or width surpass 20m.If mechanical locking system is enough not firm in big floating floor, then exist unacceptable joint clearance of appearance or floor board block with the risk that slips off.When applying the tensile load of 200kg/m, illustrate above the floor board block of the dimensionally stable in the average splice gap of 0.2mm for example laminate flooring be not suitable for big high-quality floating floor usually.The present invention can be used for the continuous floating floor that installation length and/or width surpass 20m and even 40m.There is not restriction in principle.But installation surface is amassed and is 10.000m according to the present invention 2Or bigger continuous floating floor.
Wherein occur between the floor board block and the floating floor that occurs in this newtype in the mechanical locking system is called as the semifloating floor hereinafter along the unsteady major part of moving of at least one direction.
Fig. 5 d illustrate be used to guarantee floor board block engagement state can fully move and locking system firm as to be enough to be used in the suitable method of testing on big continuous floating floor surface, wherein the floor is the semifloating floor.In this example, 9 samples that have 10 joints and length L and be 100mm (1 meter 10%) engage along their long sides separately, so that corresponding to about 1 meter floor length TL.The quantity of joint is called as Nj, is 10 joints in this example.Use is compressed floor board block and tensile load corresponding to the power F of 10% the 20kg (200N) of 200kg.Measure the change in length of floor length TL, this change in length is called as Δ TL hereinafter.The average space that is called as the floor movements of AP or each joint hereinafter is defined as AP=Δ TL/Nj.If Δ TL=1.5mm for example, then average space AP=1.5/10=0.15mm.This method of testing also can be measured the change in size of floor board block.This change in size is compared much smaller with the space in most of floor board block.As mentioned before because top of compression edge and finally make floor board block itself that very little change in size take place, so the average splice gap will be always less than average space AP.This means, in order to ensure moving enough (Δ TL) and average splice gap 21 is no more than regulation at utmost in the floor, then since Δ TL/Nj always more than or equal to average splice gap 21, so only need measure and control Δ TL.But, when applying tensile force F, can for example utilize one group of thickness meter or microscope directly to measure the size of actual average joint clearance 21 in the floor, and can calculate actual average splice gap=AAJG.Difference between AP and the AAJG is defined as floor board block flexibility=FF (FF=AP-AAJG).In laminate flooring, Δ TL should preferably surpass 1mm.Can use lower or higher power design to can be used as floor board block, installation pattern and the locking system on semifloating floor.For example under the home environment with normal humidity condition, the power F of every meter 100kg (1000N) may be just enough in some applications.In very large floating floor, can use 250-300kg or bigger power F.Mechanical locking system can be designed to have 1000kg or bigger locking.Even apply the power F of 400-500kg, the joint clearance in this locking system also can be limited to 0.2mm.Can measure by locking piece 8 by increasing and reduce power F with for example 100kg step-length, lock face 15,14, and lock the effect that pushes back that support plate 6 causes.If when F when 0kg is increased to 100kg (=Δ TL1) with when the Δ TL of F when 0kg is increased to 200kg and is reduced to 100kg (=Δ TL2) then identical, it is big then to push back effect.In the semifloating floor, the mechanical locking system with the big effect that pushes back is favourable.Preferably, Δ TL1 should be at least 75% of Δ TL2.In some applications, even 50% just much of that.
Fig. 2 d illustrates the floor board block according to Fig. 2 c that is mounted to argyle design.This mounting method makes along every meter of the both direction D2A on floor and D2B 7 joints.Then, the space of 0.14mm can be eliminated 0.1% expansion and contraction fully, this be because 7 joints to make total mobility be 7 * 0.14=1.0mm.
Fig. 2 e illustrates and comprises that long side is mounted to the m of the above-mentioned floor board block of herringbone pattern by short side 2Floor surface, and illustrate when for example position of floor board block when summer, floor board block expand into their maximum size.Fig. 2 f illustrates the position of floor board block when for example floor board block is shunk in the winter time.Locking system with inherent space can form joint clearance 21 between all trip edges of floor board block.Because floor board block is mounted to herringbone pattern, so the size that the space of long side will help to reduce the floor along all directions changes.Fig. 2 f also illustrates diagonal D2C and the D2D that crucial direction is the floor, wherein must regulate 7 joint clearances so that bear contraction on the distance of 1.4m.This can be used for determining laying direction optimum in the big floor.In this example, the joint clearance of 0.2mm can be eliminated floor moving along all directions fully.This allows for example to be connected on the subfloor by bonding exterior section with floating floor, and this can prevent that the floor from moving to the baseboard outside when shrinking.The present invention also allows partition wall is connected on the mounted floating floor, and this can reduce the set-up time.
Actual tests shows, have the surface of making and have floor by the core of making based on the high-quality HDF-of dimensionally stable of the panel of fiberboard-for example that can to manufacture dimensionally stable highly stable, and the maximum size in home environment is changed to every meter about 0.5-1.0mm by veneer or laminate.This semifloating floor can be installed in the not limited space of size, and is preferably at the width of floor board block that maximum interspace also is limited to about 0.1mm under the situation of about 120mm.Certainly, the littler floor board block for example floor board block of 0.4 * 0.06m is more favourable, and also can form big surface when they are made by the more unsettled material of shape.According to first embodiment, the present invention proposes a kind of novel semifloating floor, and wherein individually plate can move, and the external dimensions on floor does not need to change.This can realize with the mobility of the locking system of size, the little space of use and the little joint clearance of floor board block and the installation pattern of floor board block by optimal.According to the present invention, can use space, joint clearance, floor board block size, the suitable combination of laying direction of pattern and floor board block is installed so that eliminate moving in the floating floor wholly or in part.The continuous floating floor more much bigger than present attainable floor can be installed, and the maximum on floor moves and can be reduced to about 10mm that current technology is used, perhaps eliminated fully.All these can use in fact sightless and there is no different joint clearances with the wide floating ground plate of traditional 0.2m aspect moisture and dust infiltration and realize, this traditional floating ground plate is bonded into parallel row by prestretched, perhaps is bonded into to have the very little displacement space that can not provide enough mobilities.As nonrestrictive example, the space 20 and the joint clearance 21 that can propose in the floor of dimensionally stable are preferably about 0.1-0.2mm.
Especially preferred embodiment according to the present invention is the semifloating floor with following characteristic: surface course is laminate or veneer, the core of floor board block is for example MDF or HDF of wood-based panel, the change Delta T L of floor length is at least 1.0mm when using the power F of 100kg/m, the change Delta T L of floor length is at least 1.5mm when using the power F of 200kg/m, the average splice gap is no more than 0.15mm when power F is 100kg/m, and the average splice gap is no more than 0.20mm when power F is 200kg/m.
The size of and floor surface normal when damp condition is in the scope of recommending usually the time, and the function of this semifloating floor board block and bond quality will be similar with traditional floating floor.Under extreme weather conditions or when being mounted to very large continuous floor surface, this semifloating floor board block will be better than traditional floor board block.Other combination that also can make exert oneself F, floor length change Delta T L and joint clearance 21 is so that be designed for the semifloating floor of different application.
Fig. 3 a illustrates second embodiment that can be used for eliminating the problem that is caused by moving of causing of the moisture in the floating floor.In this embodiment, floor board block has surface of being made by the contact laminating plate and the core of being made by HDF.Under laminate surface, there is the layer 33 of the wood fiber that comprises melamine-impregnated.HDF goes up and when melamine infiltrated core, layer 33 formed and makes surface course join the HDF core to when surface course is laminated to.HDF core 30 is softer and compressibility is higher than laminate layers and melamine layer 33.According to the present invention, can remove the surface course 31 made by laminate and when suitable melamine layer under this surface course 33 partly or entirely, thereby decorative groove 133 forms the shape of shallow coupling opening JO 1.This coupling opening is similar to the big joint clearance in the homogeneous wood flooring.Groove 133 can only form on a trip edge, and it can be colored, applies or flood and becomes to make the joint clearance to become more invisible.The width of this decoration tongue-and-groove or coupling opening JO 1 is 0.2-0.5mm for the 1-3mm degree of depth for example.In some were used, the width of JO 1 was preferably littler, is about 0.5-1.0mm.When floor board block 1,1 ' was relatively pushed, upper joint edges 16,17 was extruded.This compression can be 0.1mm in HDF.This compression possibility can replace above-mentioned space, and allows not move under the situation of joint clearance having.Above-mentioned chemical treatment also can change the characteristic of trip edge part, and helps to improve the compression possibility.Certainly, first and second embodiment are capable of being combined.In the space is that 0.1mm and compression possibility are under the situation of 0.1mm, and the visible joint clearance of 0.1mm can provide the total of 0.2mm to move.Also can between the effect lock face 15,14 in locking piece 8 and the locking tongue-and-groove 12, use compression.Under the normal climate condition, when lock face 14,15 is in contact with one another and does not compress substantially, can prevent the floor board block separation.For example when RH is lower than 25%, when being subjected to extra tensile load, lock face will be compressed under extreme weather conditions.If the contact surface CS of lock face 14,15 is little, then help compression.If contact surface is about 1mm or littler in the plate thickness normally of 8-15mm, then be favourable.Use this technology, can make the space with about 0.1mm and the floor board block of joint clearance.Be lower than 25% and surpass under 80% the extreme weather conditions as RH, the compression of upper joint edges and lock face can allow for example moving of 0.3mm.Above-mentioned technology can be applicable to the floor that many dissimilar floors for example have the surface of high-pressure laminating, timber, veneer and plastics and similar material.This technology is particularly useful for wherein and can increases the floor board block of the compression of upper joint edges by removing upper joint edges part 16 and/or 17.
Fig. 3 b illustrates the 3rd embodiment.Fig. 3 c and 3d are the zoomed-in views of the trip edge in Fig. 3 b.In by the zone in the top part of joint tongue 10 and tongue-and-groove 9 and the trip edge that floor surface limits, floor board block 1 ' has upper joint edges part 18 and lower bond marginal portion 17, and floor board block 1 has upper joint edges part 19 and lower bond marginal portion 16 in the zone of correspondence.When floor board block 1,1 ' presses together, lower bond marginal portion 16,17 will be in contact with one another.This illustrates in Fig. 3 d.Upper joint edges part 18,19 is spaced from each other, and a upper joint edges part 18 of a floor board block 1 ' overlaps on the lower bond marginal portion 16 of another floor board block 1.In this position that presses together, locking system has the space 20 of about 0.2mm between lock face 14,15.If the overlapping in this position that presses together is 0.2mm, then floor board block can be separated 0.2mm mutually when being drawn back, and can not arrive visible joint clearance to the eye.This embodiment will not have the joint clearance of opening, and this is because the joint clearance will be covered by the trip edge part 18 that overlaps.This illustrates in Fig. 3 c.If locking piece 8 and locking tongue-and-groove 12 make that possible separation is that the space is slightly smaller than overlapping, then are favourable.Preferably, even drawn back and when joint applies tensile force f when floor board block, still existing in the joint for example is the little overlapping of 0.05mm.This overlapping can prevent that moisture from infiltrating joint.Because lower edge part 16 will support top edge part 18, so joint edges will be more firm.Decorative groove 133 can be made into very shallow, and can remove all dusts of collecting in the groove with vacuum cleaner in normal cleaning.Dust or moisture can not infiltrate locking system and arrive joint tongue 12 downwards.This technology that comprises overlapping trip edge part can make up on the same edge or on long side and short side with two other embodiment certainly.For example, long side can have the locking system according to first embodiment, and short side has the locking system according to second embodiment.For example, visible and opening joint clearance can be 0.1mm, boil down to 0.1mm and overlap and be 0.1mm.The motion possibility on floor will be 0.3mm altogether, and this big moving can and can not cause the limited horizontal extent of the overlapping trip edge part 18 of trip edge weakening to realize by little visible opening joint clearance.This is due to the fact that, the trip edge part that promptly overlaps 18 is very little and form in the most firm part of the floor board block that comprises laminate layers and melamine-impregnated wood fiber.This locking system that very big mobile possibility can be provided and not have a visible joint clearance can be used in all above-mentioned application.In addition, described locking system is particularly suited for being mounted to the short side that is used for wide floor board block when parallel row waits when wide floor board block, promptly is used for the requirement locking system and has all application with the change in size on counteracting floor of very big mobility.It also can be used for constituting around the short side according to the floor board block of the framework FR on the floor that is mounted to herringbone pattern of Fig. 5 c or wall edge.In this embodiment shown in Fig. 3 b-3d, the vertical range of overlapping trip edge part is that the degree of depth GD of coupling opening is less than 0.1 times of floor thickness T.Especially preferred embodiment according to the present invention is the semifloating floor with following characteristic: surface course is laminate or veneer, the core of floor board block is for example MDF or HDF of wood-based panel, the floor thickness T is 6-9mm, and when using the power F of 100kg/m overlapping OL less than average space AP.Can be provided with as example, the degree of depth GD of coupling opening can be 0.2-0.5mm (=0.02 * T-0.08 * T).Overlapping OL on the long side can be 0.1-0.3mm (=0.01 * T-0.05 * T).Overlapping on the short side can be equal to or greater than the overlapping on the long side.
Fig. 3 e illustrates wherein coupling opening JO 1 very little or non-existent embodiment when floor board block is pressed together.When floor board block was drawn back, coupling opening JO 1 can appear.This coupling opening will have identical size substantially with average space AP.In some suitable designs, decorative groove for example can be painted to and the floor surface coupling, and the space will can not cause the joint clearance opening.Only (0.01 * T-0.02 * very little overlapping OL T) and slightly little average space AP can provide enough floors to move, and this can combine with the high-quality joint of protection against the tide for 0.1mm.The space also will help locking, release and in the latched position displacement.This overlapping marginal portion can be used for all known mechanical locking systems, so that improve the function of mechanical locking system.
Fig. 4 a and 4b illustrate how to design locking system so that the floor board block that the installation that allows to float is made of easy damp material.In this embodiment, floor board block is made by homogeneous timber.
Fig. 4 a illustrates the locking system that is in the state that bears tensile load, and Fig. 4 b illustrates the locking system that is in confined state.Attractive for the outward appearance that makes the floor, the relative size of coupling opening should be more or less the same each other.Visible coupling opening is more or less the same when moving on the floor, and minimum coupling opening JO 2 should be greater than half of the coupling opening JO 1 of maximum.In addition, degree of depth GD preferably should be less than 0.5 * TT, and TT is the distance between the top part of floor surface and joint tongue/tongue-and-groove.Under the situation that does not have joint tongue, GD should be less than 0.2 times of floor thickness T.This helps to clean coupling opening.If JO 1 is the about 1-5mm corresponding to general gap in the homogeneous wood flooring, then also is favourable.According to the present invention, overlapping trip edge part is preferably near floor surface.This allows to have shallow coupling opening, and has well when stable when core 30 simultaneously, can use joint tongue 10 and tongue-and-groove 9 in the middle part between front side and rear side that places floor board block substantially to realize verticallies.The optional mode that allows mobile shallow coupling opening that provides is shown in Fig. 4 c.The top part of joint tongue 10 moves up towards floor surface.The defective of this solution is a little less than the upper joint edges part 18 of joint tongue 10 tops will be highly brittle.Trip edge part 18 can be broken or be out of shape easily.
Fig. 5 a and 5b illustrate three floor board block 1,1 ', 1 that width is W " long side engagement.Fig. 5 a illustrates the floor board block when RH is low, and Fig. 5 b illustrates the floor board block when RH is high.In order to be similar to the homogeneous floor, the joint clearance of narrow floor board block preferably should be wider than in the joint clearance of wide floor board block.JO 2 is about at least 1% of floor width W suitably.The minimum coupling opening of the floor board block that 100mm is wide is at least 1mm.The corresponding engagement opening is 2mm at least in the wide piece of for example 200mm.Certainly, especially in the floorboards of wood of the specific demand that forms by dissimilar timber and different weather conditions, also can use other combination.
Fig. 6 a illustrates the wood flooring that comprises a plurality of lumber layers.Floor board block can comprise the top layer of for example being made by high-quality timber such as oak, and this top layer constitutes decorative surface layer 31.Core 30 for example can comprise by the timber of other type or same type but have the laminate that the timber of different quality constitutes.Selectively, core can comprise ply.Top layer has the machine direction different with bottom usually.In this embodiment, overlapping trip edge 18 and 19 forms in top layer.Its advantage is that visible coupling opening JO 1 will comprise timber type and the machine direction identical with surface course 31, and outward appearance will be identical with the outward appearance of homogeneous wood flooring.
Fig. 6 b and 6c illustrate the embodiment that wherein has little gap 22 between overlapping trip edge part 16,18, and this gap helps moving horizontally in the locking system.Fig. 6 c illustrates by rotational motion and engages, and wherein upper joint edges part 18,19 is in contact with one another.Gap 20 between the lock face 15 of locking piece 8 and the locking tongue-and-groove 12 helps to engage by inside rotation very much, especially in always not straight wood flooring.
In above preferred embodiment, overlapping bonding part 18 promptly forms in the trip edge with joint tongue 10 in tongue side.This overlapping bonding part 18 also can promptly have in the tongue-and-groove side in the trip edge of tongue-and-groove 9 and forming.Fig. 6 d and 6e illustrate this embodiment.In Fig. 6 d, floor board block is compressed in their interior location, and in Fig. 6 e, floor board block is opened to their external position.
If Fig. 7 a-7b illustrates that the upper joint edges 18 that overlaps on the lower bond edge 16 is positioned on the tongue side 4a is favourable.According to Fig. 7 b, tongue-and-groove side 4b can join a side 4a who does not have joint tongue by moving both vertically to then.This locking system is particularly useful on the short side.Fig. 7 c illustrates this locking system that is in the state that engages and press together.Fig. 7 d and 7e illustrate and how only use an instrument TO to make the horizontal lock device, this horizontal lock device for example form is support plate 6 and locking piece 8 and bonding part, upper and lower 19,16, and this instrument has the tool spindle HT of levels operation and therefore can form whole trip edge.This instrument for example can be installed on the annular saw, and can utilize guide peg to make high-quality mating system.This instrument can amputate floor board block 1.In preferred embodiment, only cut apart floor board block 1 in exterior section 24 place's parts of support plate 6.Last cutting apart is to realize by disconnecting floor board block.This has reduced instrument TO because of contacting the risk of damaging with the subfloor of for example being made by concrete.This technology is used in and makes framework or ornamental strip FR in the floor that is mounted to the herringbone pattern of Fig. 5 c for example.This instrument also can be used for making the locking system of the traditional type with overlapping trip edge part.
Fig. 8 a-8f illustrates different embodiment.Fig. 8 a-8c illustrates the present invention and how to be used for the locking system that horizontal lock wherein comprises the joint tongue 10 with locking piece 8, this locking piece cooperates with the locking tongue-and-groove 12 that forms in the tongue-and-groove 9 that is limited by upper lip 23, and this locking tongue-and-groove 12 is positioned in the upper lip 23.This tongue-and-groove also has portion of lower lip 14, and this portion of lower lip can be removed with permission and engage by moving both vertically.Fig. 8 d illustrates the locking system of the support plate 6 with separation, and this support plate is for example made by aluminium sheet.Fig. 8 e illustrates that have can be by the locking system of the support plate 6 of the separation of making based on the material of fiberboard or by plastics, metal or similar material.
Fig. 8 f illustrates can be by the locking system of horizontal interlocking joint.Joint tongue 10 has groove 9 ', and when trip edge 4a and 4b moved horizontally in the face of ground mutually, what can make joint tongue 10 had locking piece 8,8 ' upper and lower part mutually in the face of the ground bending.In this embodiment, the upper and lower antelabium 23,24 in the tongue-and-groove 9 needs not to be flexible.Certainly, the present invention also can be used for wherein antelabium 23,24 rubber-likes tradition snap-system.
Fig. 9 a-9d illustrates optional embodiment of the present invention.When floor board block is drawn back, can prevent the lock face 14 that cooperates and opened in 15 minutes.When floor board block is pressed together, can use some interior optional parts of locking system to limit interior location.In Fig. 9 a, determine the exterior section of locking piece 8 and the interior location of locking tongue-and-groove 9.According to Fig. 9 b, the exterior section of joint tongue 10 cooperates with tongue-and-groove 9.According to Fig. 9 c, the front side of joint tongue 10 and bottom part cooperate with tongue-and-groove 9.According to Fig. 9 d, the locking piece 10 ' on the bottom part of joint tongue 10 cooperates with locking piece 9 ' on the support plate 6.Clearly, can use some other parts of locking system according to these principles, so that limit the interior location of floor board block.
Figure 10 a illustrates according to production equipment of the present invention and production method.The chain 40 that the floor board block of making 1 that has end tenonen ET moves along direction of feed FD with respect to set of tools and be with 41, this set of tools have 5 instruments 51,52,53,54 and 55 and pressure footwear 42 in this embodiment.The end tenonen also can have two chains and two support plates.Figure 10 b is the zoomed-in view of the first tool processes platform.First instrument 51 in this set of tools forms guide surface 12, and this guide surface is tongue-and-groove in this embodiment, and mainly forms the locking tongue-and-groove 12 of locking system.Certainly, preferably also can in the part that will form mechanical locking system of floor board block, form other tongue-and-groove.Pressure footwear 42 ' have guiding device 43 ', and this guiding device cooperates with tongue-and-groove 12, and prevent to depart from being parallel to the plane of horizontal plane direction of feed FD.Figure 10 c illustrates the end tenonen of observing from direction of feed when floor board block is passed through first instrument 51.In this embodiment, locking tongue-and-groove 12 is as the guide surface that is attached to the guiding device 43 on the pressure footwear 42.Figure 10 d illustrates same tongue-and-groove 12 can be used as guide surface in all tool processes platforms.Figure 10 d illustrates how tool using 54 forms joint tongue.When the specific part of floor board block 1 is directed device 43 guiding, this part of machine simultaneously.Figure 11 a illustrates wherein, and guiding device is attached to another interior embodiment of pressure footwear.Shortcoming be floor board block in the back with fluted.One or two external margin that Figure 11 b illustrates floor board block wherein is as another embodiment of guiding device 43,43 ' guide surface.In this embodiment, the parts 44,44 ' that tenonen supporting in end cooperates with pressure footwear 42,42 '.Guiding device selectively can be attached on this support unit 44,44 '.How Figure 11 c and 11d illustrate grown place plate in two steps.In step 1, form tongue side 10.(Figure 11 d) uses identical guiding tongue-and-groove 12 when forming tongue-and-groove side 9 in step 2.This end tenonen is very flexible.Advantage be can produce have less than or greater than the floor board block of the different in width of the width of chain.
Figure 12 a-12c illustrates and can guarantee that the semifloating floor will be installed in entopic preferred embodiment, and this normal position preferably actual engagement gap is about 50% position of maximum joint clearance.If for example all floor board block all are mounted to edge 16,17 and contact, then can the generation problem near wall when floor board block expand into their maximum size.According to the present invention, locking piece and locking tongue-and-groove can form and make that floor board block is directed to optimal location automatically during installation.The locking piece 8 that Figure 12 c illustrates in this embodiment has lock face, and this lock face has with respect to the horizontal plane near the 90 high lock angle LA that spend.This lock angle LA is greater than the angle of the tangent line TL of the round C of center on upper joint edges.Figure 12 b illustrates the geometry of this joint will be during turning to be promoted floor board block 4a and make floor board block 4a be in above-mentioned optimum position towards floor board block 4b, wherein has the space between locking piece 8 and locking tongue-and-groove 12 and have the joint clearance between top 16,17.

Claims (5)

1. semifloating floor, this floor comprises the rectangular area plate (1 that engages by mechanical locking system, 1 '), the floor board block that engages in this locking system has the horizontal plane (HP) that is parallel to floor surface, with vertical plane (VP) perpendicular to this horizontal plane, described locking system has the mechanical co-operating latch means that level that the vertical engagement and being used to that is used to be parallel to vertical plane that is arranged in first trip edge (4a) and second trip edge (4b) is parallel to horizontal plane engages, and in this locking system, the vertically device comprises the joint tongue (10) that cooperates with tongue-and-groove (9) with joint tongue, the horizontal lock device comprises the locking piece (8) with the lock face (15) that cooperates with locking tongue-and-groove (12), it is characterized in that:
The form of floor board block, pattern and locking system are installed are designed such that when floor board block and are compressed in horizontal plane (HP) or during tensile load, 1 meter * 1 meter floor surface is 1mm at least along the change in length (Δ TL) of at least one direction;
This change in length (Δ TL) can take place and not have visible joint clearance (21); And
Surface course is laminate or veneer, the core of floor board block is a wood-based panel, the variation (Δ TL) of floor length is at least 1.0mm when the trip edge being applied the power (F) of 100kg/m, the variation (Δ TL) of floor length is at least 1.5mm when the trip edge being applied the power (F) of 200kg/m, the average splice gap is no more than 0.15mm when the trip edge being applied the power (F) of 100kg/m, and the average splice gap is no more than 0.20mm when the trip edge being applied the power (F) of 200kg/m.
2. semifloating according to claim 1 floor is characterized in that, the form of floor board block, pattern and locking system design is installed and is combined into and make it possible to installation length or width surpasses the big semifloating continuous surface of 12m and do not have expansion pipe.
3. semifloating according to claim 2 floor is characterized in that, floor surface is the continuous floor surface that length or width surpass 20m.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described semifloating floors, it is characterized in that the width of floor board block is no more than 100mm.
5. semifloating according to claim 1 floor is characterized in that, the core of floor board block is MDF or HDF.
CNB2005800022974A 2004-01-13 2005-01-13 Half-floating floor Active CN100529297C (en)

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SE04000683 2004-01-13
SE0400068A SE526596C2 (en) 2004-01-13 2004-01-13 Floating floor with mechanical locking system that allows movement between the floorboards

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