CN109016713B - 一种隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板 - Google Patents
一种隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109016713B CN109016713B CN201810808088.8A CN201810808088A CN109016713B CN 109016713 B CN109016713 B CN 109016713B CN 201810808088 A CN201810808088 A CN 201810808088A CN 109016713 B CN109016713 B CN 109016713B
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- heat
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- retardant
- sound
- insulating
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Images
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
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- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
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- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,自内而外依次为格栅板、阻燃层和隔热层,所述阻燃层为含磷酸钒的胶合板,所述隔热层为含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板。其整体性好,结构强度好,阻燃、隔热和隔音效果好,虽轻薄却具有足够的支撑力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑技术领域,更具体地说,本发明涉及一种隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板。
背景技术
与作为支撑结构的外墙板不同,内墙板是家庭装修常用的一种装修建筑板,内墙板不需要支持房屋的承重,但内墙板一般需要阻燃、隔热和隔音的效果。
为了内墙板的隔音效果,一般采用以下两种方案:1)采用隔音板,当隔音板厚度不足或材质廉价时,隔音效果差;2)采用空心结构,空心内墙板的整体性差,结构强度差。
再者,一般的内墙板为了多功能性(如隔音、阻燃或隔热)或支持能力,均设计得很厚重,十分占用室内面积,不符合现代家居的建造理念。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要解决上述技术问题,提供一种隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其整体性好,结构强度好,阻燃、隔热和隔音效果好,虽轻薄却具有足够的支撑力。
本发明解决该技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,自内而外依次为格栅板、阻燃层和隔热层,所述阻燃层为含磷酸钒的胶合板,所述隔热层为含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板。
与现有技术相比,具有如下积极效果:1、格栅板一般用于天花吊顶(铝格栅),或者作为停车场平台、检修平台、水沟盖和踏步板(钢格栅)等方面的材料,而本发明首次将格栅板用于内墙体,本发明利用格栅板制造内墙板的空心层,利用空心层增强隔音效果的同时,格栅板连接两面的阻燃层和隔热隔音层,使得空心内墙板整体性好,结构强度够,本发明的带有格栅板的空心内墙板与同等隔音效果的设置隔音板的内墙板相比,厚度更薄,重量更轻,本发明的带有格栅板的空心内墙板与同等隔音效果的设置空心层的内墙板相比,结构强度更好,整体性更优。
2、所述阻燃层为含磷酸钒的胶合板具有高阻燃低烟特性,并且在高温下不分解,阻燃效果好;
3、所述隔热层为纸面石膏板,其轻质,重量仅为同等厚度砖墙的1/15,砌块墙体的1/10,含有硅酸钙,隔热性能良好、加工性强良好(可刨、可钉、可锯)、施工方便、可拆装性能好。
具体地,所述含磷酸钒的胶合板通过以下方法制备,其步骤为:
(a)取重量占比38%的氧化钒、39%三氧化二磷、1%的氧化锑、11的钴和11%钠原材料,加热到900℃-950℃,熔化成熔体;
(b)淬火所述熔体以形成磷酸钒的玻璃;
(c)研磨所述玻璃以形成玻璃颗粒;
(d)所述玻璃颗粒与聚乙烯按照重量比7:3复合成阻燃复合层;
(e)所述阻燃复合层的两面分别敷贴硅胶粘结层,既得含磷酸钒的胶合板。
上述含磷酸钒的胶合板的制备方法,通过将磷酸钒制成玻璃颗粒,与聚乙烯复合形成胶合板的阻燃复合层,实现阻燃和结构性的结合,当磷酸钒与聚烯烃配混,玻璃延缓燃烧,并能降低燃烧到聚烯烃的自熄的点,有效阻燃。
所述含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板通过以下方法制备,其步骤为:
(1)称取重量占比80%的脱硫石膏粉、4%的玻璃纤维、2.5%的硅酸钙粉末、6%的改性淀粉、2.5%的柠檬酸、2.5%的减水剂和2.5%的引气剂;将脱硫石膏粉进行陈化处理;
(2)将陈化后的脱硫石膏粉和其他原料混合,加水搅拌,成为石膏浆;
(3)石膏浆由混合机流至预先铺好的下护面纸上,同时供给上护面纸,通过辊压成型成板材,成型后的板材在凝固皮带机上凝结硬化,硬化后进行切割;
(4)切割后的板材送干燥机中,干燥机按照蒸汽回管隧道式分三个区间加热,分别为第一区、第二区和第三区;所述第一区和所述第二区,为加速板内水分蒸发,所述第三区使升温后干燥好的板材降温,既得含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板。
上述含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板的制备方法,脱硫石膏粉、玻璃纤维、改性淀粉与硅酸钙粉末反应生成了絮凝状硅酸钙固体凝胶和大量纤维状水化产物,起到了增强基体的作用。而且玻璃纤维与硅酸钙构成增韧结构,提高了结构强度。硅酸钙具有保温隔热功能。
具体地,所述第一区的干燥温度为180℃,干燥时间30分钟;第二区的干燥温度为100℃,干燥时间为60分钟;第三区的干燥温度为50℃,干燥时间为100分钟。
进一步,所述格栅板为铝格栅或者钢格栅。铝格栅由铝条交错焊接而成,质轻,结构明快。钢格栅是扁钢和扭钢焊接而成,经久耐用,稳固抗击。
所述硅酸钙粉末购买于广州学宇贸易有限公司,所述硅酸钙含量为98%,粒度为6000目。
所述改性淀粉为购买于济南光辉化工有限公司,含量99%,密度1.350g/cm3。
所述步骤(c)中,所述玻璃研磨为粒径5微米的玻璃颗粒。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
附图说明
图1是本实施例的结构示意图,
其中,1-格栅板,2-阻燃层,3-隔热层。
具体实施方式
实施例
本实施例的隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,包括一格栅板1、两块阻燃层2和两块隔热层3,所述阻燃层2为含磷酸钒的胶合板,所述隔热层3为含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板。
具体地,所述格栅板1为钢格栅,钢格栅是扁钢和扭钢交错焊接而成。扁钢和扭钢的宽度使格栅板1具有一定的厚度。
格栅板1的两面铺贴连接含磷酸钒的胶合板,含磷酸钒的胶合板通过以下方法制备,其步骤为:
(a)取重量占比38%的氧化钒、39%三氧化二磷、1%的氧化锑、11的钴和11%钠原材料,加热到900℃-950℃,熔化成熔体;
(b)淬火所述熔体以形成磷酸钒的玻璃;
(c)研磨所述玻璃以形成粒径为5微米的玻璃颗粒;
(d)所述玻璃颗粒与聚乙烯按照重量比7:3复合成阻燃复合层;
(e)所述阻燃复合层的两面分别敷贴硅胶粘结层,既得含磷酸钒的胶合板。
所述阻燃复合层含重量比5-60%磷酸钒材料,磷酸钒与聚烯烃配混,玻璃延缓燃烧,热释放速率小于300焦耳/GK,并能降低燃烧到聚烯烃的自熄的点,有效阻燃。通过在阻燃复合层的两面分别敷贴硅胶粘结层,实现阻燃和结构性的结合。
所述含磷酸钒的胶合板的一面与格栅板1贴合,所述含磷酸钒的胶合板的另一面与含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板贴合。所述含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板通过以下方法制备,其步骤为:
(1)称取重量占比80%的脱硫石膏粉、4%的玻璃纤维、2.5%的硅酸钙粉末、6%的改性淀粉、2.5%的柠檬酸、2.5%的减水剂和2.5%的引气剂;将脱硫石膏粉进行陈化处理;
(2)将陈化后的脱硫石膏粉和其他原料混合,加水搅拌,成为石膏浆;
(3)石膏浆由混合机流至预先铺好的下护面纸上,同时供给上护面纸,通过辊压成型成板材,成型后的板材在凝固皮带机上凝结硬化,硬化后进行切割;
(4)切割后的板材送干燥机中,干燥机按照蒸汽回管隧道式分三个区间加热,分别为第一区、第二区和第三区,其中,所述第一区的干燥温度为180℃,干燥时间30分钟;第二区的干燥温度为100℃,干燥时间为60分钟;第三区的干燥温度为50℃,干燥时间为100分钟;所述第一区和所述第二区,为加速板内水分蒸发,所述第三区使升温后干燥好的板材降温,既得含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板。
上述含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板的制备方法,脱硫石膏粉、玻璃纤维、改性淀粉与硅酸钙粉末反应生成了絮凝状硅酸钙固体凝胶和大量纤维状水化产物,起到了增强基体的作用。而且玻璃纤维与硅酸钙构成增韧结构,提高了结构强度。硅酸钙具有保温隔热功能。
需要说明的是,所述脱硫石膏粉又称烟气脱硫石膏,是对含硫燃料燃烧后产生的烟气进行脱硫净化处理而得到的副产物。其主要成分为二水硫酸钙,是由脱硫剂与烟气中的二氧化硫发生反应经强制氧化生成。
本发明中所述脱硫石膏粉购买于西安市灞桥热电厂,其主要化学成分为:37.14%氧化钙,49.56%三氧化硫,1.36%氧化镁,0.02%氧化钠,0.02%氧化钾,0.24%氧化铁,0.83%氧化铝,1.74%酸不溶物,6.58%结晶水,3.32%烧失量。
所述玻璃纤维是一种性能优异的无机非金属材料,种类繁多,其优点是绝缘性好,耐热性强,抗腐蚀性好,机械强度高,但其缺点是性脆,耐磨性较差。其主要成分为二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化硼、氧化镁、氧化钠等,根据玻璃中碱含量的多少,可分为无碱玻璃纤维(氧化钠0%~2%,属铝硼硅酸盐玻璃)、中碱玻璃纤维(氧化钠8%~12%,属含硼或不含硼的钠钙硅酸盐玻璃)和高碱玻璃纤维(氧化钠13%以上,属钠钙硅酸盐玻璃)。
玻璃纤维按形态和长度,可分为连续纤维、定长纤维和玻璃棉;按玻璃成分,可分为无碱、耐化学、高碱、中碱、高强度、高弹性模量和耐碱(抗碱)玻璃纤维等。
本发明中,所述玻璃纤维为无碱、长纤玻璃纤维。本发明中,所述无碱、长纤玻璃纤维购买于深圳市迈洛克实业有限公司,产品编号ECS13-06-558。
硅酸钙是白色粉末。无味。无毒。溶于强酸。不溶于水、醇及碱,多为针状结晶。在加热至680~700℃时脱出结晶水,结晶外形无变化。由硅酸和生石灰及水按一定比例混合后进行水热反应生成硅酸钙微晶料浆,经过滤,洗涤,干燥制得。
硅酸钙由碳酸钙和二氧化硅在高温下煅烧熔融而成。由于生成条件的不同,结晶形态不同,用途也不同。主要用作建筑材料、保温材料、耐火材料,涂料的体质颜料及载体,助滤剂,糖果抛光剂,胶母糖撒粉剂,大米涂层剂,悬浮剂,分析试剂。
本发明所述硅酸钙粉末购买于广州学宇贸易有限公司,硅酸钙含量为98%,粒度为6000目。
淀粉是一种天然高分子碳水化合物,是自然中仅次于纤维素的第二大产量的生物材料,主要存在于高峰植物的果实,种子,块根,块茎中。
本发明中,所述改性淀粉为购买于济南光辉化工有限公司,含量99%,密度1.350g/cm3。
本发明中,所述柠檬酸购买自国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
减水剂是一种在维持混凝土坍落度不变的条件下,能减少拌合用水量的混凝土外加剂。
根据减水剂减水及增强能力,分为普通减水剂(又称塑化剂,减水率不小于8%,以木质素磺酸盐类为代表)、高效减水剂(又称超塑化剂,减水率不小于14%,包括萘系、密胺系、氨基磺酸盐系、脂肪族系等)和高性能减水剂(减水率不小于25%,以聚羧酸系减水剂为代表),并又分别分为早强型、标准型和缓凝型。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,所述减水剂为FDN萘系高效减水剂或TC-PCA聚羧酸减水剂。所述FDN萘系高效减水剂购买于上海云哲新材料科技有限公司,型号为FDN-C,其为β萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物。
TC-PCA聚羧酸减水剂购买于西安同成建筑科技有限责任公司,型号为TC-PCA,其主要成分为甲基丙烯酸-甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物。
所述引气剂是为改善混凝土坍落度、流动性和可塑性,在混凝土拌合物的拌和过程中引入空气,形成大量微小、封闭、稳定气泡的外加剂。
引气剂的主要品种包括松香树脂类、烷基和烷基芳烃磺酸类、脂肪醇磺酸盐类、皂苷类以及蛋白质盐、石油磺盐酸等。
本发明中,所述引气剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠为主要成分的复合试剂,购买于甘肃吉发化工有限公司。
本发明并不局限于上述实施方式,如果对本发明的各种改动或变型不脱离本发明的精神和范围,倘若这些改动和变型属于本发明的权利要求和等同技术范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型。
Claims (7)
1.一种隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其特征在于:包括形成空心层的格栅板、阻燃层和隔热层,且所述格栅板的相对两面各连接一层所述阻燃层,每层所述阻燃层远离所述格栅板的一面均设有一层所述隔热层,所述阻燃层为含磷酸钒的胶合板,所述隔热层为含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板;所述含磷酸钒的胶合板通过以下方法制备,其步骤为:(a)取重量占比38%的氧化钒、39%三氧化二磷、1%的氧化锑、11%的钴和11%钠原材料,加热到900℃-950℃,熔化成熔体;(b)淬火所述熔体以形成磷酸钒的玻璃;(c)研磨所述玻璃以形成玻璃颗粒;(d)所述玻璃颗粒与聚乙烯按照重量比7:3复合成阻燃复合层;(e)所述阻燃复合层的两面分别敷贴硅胶粘结层,即得含磷酸钒的胶合板。
2.如权利要求1所述隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其特征在于,所述含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板通过以下方法制备,其步骤为:(1)称取重量占比80%的脱硫石膏粉、4%的玻璃纤维、2.5%的硅酸钙粉末、6%的改性淀粉、2.5%的柠檬酸、2.5%的减水剂和2.5%的引气剂;将脱硫石膏粉进行陈化处理;(2)将陈化后的脱硫石膏粉和其他原料混合,加水搅拌,成为石膏浆;(3)石膏浆由混合机流至预先铺好的下护面纸上,同时供给上护面纸,通过辊压成型成板材,成型后的板材在凝固皮带机上凝结硬化,硬化后进行切割;(4)切割后的板材送干燥机中,干燥机按照蒸汽回管隧道式分三个区间加热,分别为第一区、第二区和第三区;所述第一区和所述第二区,为加速板内水分蒸发,所述第三区使升温后干燥好的板材降温,即得含硅酸钙的纸面石膏板。
3.如权利要求2所述隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其特征在于:所述第一区的干燥温度为180℃,干燥时间30分钟;第二区的干燥温度为100℃,干燥时间为60分钟;第三区的干燥温度为50℃,干燥时间为100分钟。
4.如权利要求1所述隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其特征在于:所述格栅板为铝格栅或者钢格栅。
5.如权利要求2所述隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其特征在于:所述硅酸钙粉末购买于广州学宇贸易有限公司,所述硅酸钙含量为98%,粒度为6000目。
6.如权利要求2所述隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其特征在于:所述改性淀粉为购买于济南光辉化工有限公司,含量99%,密度1.350g/cm3。
7.如权利要求1所述隔音、隔热和阻燃的空心格栅内墙板,其特征在于:所述步骤(c)中,所述玻璃研磨为粒径5微米的玻璃颗粒。
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