CN109006039B - Floating seedling raising method for punching and field planting pepper seedlings - Google Patents

Floating seedling raising method for punching and field planting pepper seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109006039B
CN109006039B CN201810957887.1A CN201810957887A CN109006039B CN 109006039 B CN109006039 B CN 109006039B CN 201810957887 A CN201810957887 A CN 201810957887A CN 109006039 B CN109006039 B CN 109006039B
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seedlings
seedling culture
culture solution
floating
seedling
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CN201810957887.1A
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CN109006039A (en
Inventor
杨红
刘崇政
赖卫
奉泽丽
姜虹
林洪波
梁郸娜
黄冬福
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People's Government Of Xiazi Town Honghuagang District Zunyi City
GUIZHOU SILKWORM RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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People's Government Of Xiazi Town Honghuagang District Zunyi City
GUIZHOU SILKWORM RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Priority to CN201810957887.1A priority Critical patent/CN109006039B/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating seedling method of pepper seedlings for punching field planting, which comprises the following steps: (1) in late ten days of 2 months, putting the floating tray filled with the seedling culture substrate and sowed with seeds into a floating pool filled with the seedling culture solution in a seedling culture greenhouse; (2) after the pepper seedlings come out of the soil and the first true leaves are fully unfolded, draining water in a pool and hardening the seedlings until the true leaves are withered, and adding a seedling culture solution into a floating pool; (3) after 6-8 days, draining water and hardening seedlings, rehydrating the seedlings when the seedlings wither, draining water and hardening the seedlings after the pepper seedlings absorb water and recover tree vigor, and hardening the seedlings repeatedly for 2-3 times until stems of the pepper seedlings become hard and semi-lignified; (4) draining the pond water when the late ten days of 4 months are late spring coldness, and adding seedling culture solution into the floating pond 1 day before planned seedling taking and field planting. Aiming at the climatic characteristics of Guizhou, the invention improves the pepper floating seedling raising technology, and can provide high-quality seedlings suitable for mechanical punching and field planting of clay loam after late spring coldness is over in the early late or middle of 4 months.

Description

Floating seedling raising method for punching and field planting pepper seedlings
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pepper planting, and particularly relates to a floating seedling method for punching and field planting pepper seedlings.
Background
The pepper is a commercial crop with the largest single vegetable planting area in Guizhou, and is also a production area with the largest pepper planting area in China, due to special climate conditions and planting soil of viscous seeds in Guizhou, the planting period of the Guizhou pepper after production and seedling cultivation is about the middle ten days of 5 months, the planting period of the Guizhou pepper is the seasonal heavy rain and continuous sunny high-temperature alternate period, the pepper is easily influenced by continuous sunny high temperature after field planting, the seedling falling and slow seedling growing periods of the pepper after field planting can be caused by the traditional method and the traditional puncher field planting technology, and the field planting survival rate of the pepper can be seriously influenced in some cases. The Guizhou pepper growing area is mostly a karst mountain area. The popularization of micro-sprinkling irrigation and drought resistance and seedling protection of other facilities is not practical at the present stage. The existing Guizhou pepper production development test is popularized, pepper seedlings are planted in time after late spring coldness is finished in the last ten days of 4 months, but pepper seedlings cultured by the existing pepper floating seedling culture technology popularized in Guizhou and the traditional seedling culture technology in the past are fine, tender and tender after late spring coldness is finished, and the problem that how to provide good-quality robust pepper seedlings suitable for mechanical punching and planting after late spring coldness is finished becomes urgent to be solved according to the climate change of the Guizhou pepper in late spring and spring.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: according to the climate characteristics of Guizhou, how to provide high-quality seedlings suitable for mechanically punching clay loam to fix hot pepper in a fixed manner in time after late 4-month or early late spring coldness is finished.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the floating seedling raising method for punching and planting the pepper seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) in late ten days of 2 months, putting the floating tray filled with the seedling culture substrate and sowed with seeds into a floating pool filled with the seedling culture solution in a seedling culture greenhouse;
(2) after the pepper seedlings come out of the soil and the first true leaves are fully unfolded, draining water in a pool and hardening the seedlings until the true leaves are withered, and adding a seedling culture solution into a floating pool;
(3) after 6-8 days, draining water and hardening seedlings, rehydrating the seedlings when the seedlings wither, draining water and hardening the seedlings after the pepper seedlings absorb water and recover tree vigor, and hardening the seedlings repeatedly for 2-3 times until stems of the pepper seedlings become hard and semi-lignified;
(4) draining the pond water when the late ten days of 4 months are late spring coldness, and adding seedling culture solution into the floating pond 1 day before planned seedling taking and field planting.
Further, in the step (1), the liquid depth of the seedling culture liquid is 3-4cm, the mass content of total nutrients of the seedling culture liquid is 0.04%, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrients is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
Further, in the step (2), the liquid depth of the seedling culture liquid is 3-4cm, the mass content of total nutrients of the seedling culture liquid is 0.08%, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrients is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
Further, in the step (4), the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3cm, the mass content of total nutrients of the seedling culture solution is 0.06%, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrients is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
Temperature management: when the temperature in the seedling raising greenhouse is less than or equal to 12 ℃, adding a small arched greenhouse for heat preservation; uncovering the greenhouse film after the temperature in the greenhouse is more than or equal to 20 ℃ in sunny days; the temperature in the shed is more than or equal to 30 ℃, and a ventilation fan is started to ventilate and cool.
Ventilating: and (4) uncovering the film at two ends of the greenhouse for 2-3 hours every day for natural ventilation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the climate characteristics of Guizhou, the floating seedling raising technology of the hot pepper is improved, and the late or early late spring coldness of 4 months is finished. The seedling stem is semi-lignified, the height of the seedling is 10-12cm, and the method is suitable for mechanical punching and field planting of clay loam.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) In late ten days of 2 months, putting the floating tray filled with the seedling culture substrate and sowed with seeds into a floating pool filled with the seedling culture solution in a seedling culture greenhouse; the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3cm, and the seedling culture solution is used for total cultivationThe content of N in total nutrient is 0.04%2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
(2) After the pepper seedlings come out of the soil and the first true leaves are fully unfolded, draining water in a pool and hardening the seedlings until the true leaves are withered, and adding a seedling culture solution into a floating pool; the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3cm, the mass content of the total nutrient of the seedling culture solution is 0.08%, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrient is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
(3) After 6 days, putting dry water into the pepper seedlings for hardening, rehydrating the pepper seedlings after the pepper seedlings wither, putting water into the pepper seedlings for hardening after the pepper seedlings absorb water to recover tree vigor, and repeatedly hardening 3 times until stems of the pepper seedlings become hard and semi-lignified, and stopping hardening the pepper seedlings;
(4) draining the pond water when the late ten days of 4 months are late spring coldness, and adding seedling culture solution into the floating pond 1 day before planned seedling taking and field planting. The liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3cm, the mass content of the total nutrient of the seedling culture solution is 0.06 percent, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrient is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
Temperature management: when the temperature in the seedling raising greenhouse is less than or equal to 12 ℃, adding a small arched greenhouse for heat preservation; uncovering the greenhouse film after the temperature in the greenhouse is more than or equal to 20 ℃ in sunny days; the temperature in the shed is more than or equal to 30 ℃, and a ventilation fan is started to ventilate and cool.
Ventilating: and (4) uncovering the film for 3 hours at two ends of the greenhouse for seedling cultivation at noon every day for natural ventilation.
Example 2
(1) In late ten days of 2 months, putting the floating tray filled with the seedling culture substrate and sowed with seeds into a floating pool filled with the seedling culture solution in a seedling culture greenhouse; the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 4cm, the mass content of the total nutrient of the seedling culture solution is 0.04%, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrient is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
(2) After the pepper seedlings come out of the soil and the first true leaves are fully unfolded, draining water in a pool and hardening the seedlings until the true leaves are withered, and adding a seedling culture solution into a floating pool; the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 4cm, the mass content of the total nutrient of the seedling culture solution is 0.08%, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrient is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
(3) After 8 days, putting dry water into the pepper seedlings for hardening, rehydrating the pepper seedlings after the pepper seedlings wither, putting water into the pepper seedlings for hardening after the pepper seedlings absorb water to recover tree vigor, and repeatedly hardening for 2 times until stems of the pepper seedlings become hard and semi-lignified, and stopping hardening the pepper seedlings;
(4) draining the pond water when the late ten days of 4 months are late spring coldness, and adding seedling culture solution into the floating pond 1 day before planned seedling taking and field planting. The liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3cm, the mass content of the total nutrient of the seedling culture solution is 0.06 percent, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrient is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1.
Temperature management: when the temperature in the seedling raising greenhouse is less than or equal to 12 ℃, adding a small arched greenhouse for heat preservation; uncovering the greenhouse film after the temperature in the greenhouse is more than or equal to 20 ℃ in sunny days; the temperature in the shed is more than or equal to 30 ℃, and a ventilation fan is started to ventilate and cool.
Ventilating: and (4) uncovering the film for 2 hours at two ends of the greenhouse for seedling culture at noon every day for natural ventilation.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (1)

1. The floating seedling method for punching and planting the pepper seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) in late ten days of 2 months, placing the floating tray filled with the seedling culture substrate and sowed with seeds into a floating pool filled with a seedling culture solution, wherein the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3-4cm, the mass content of the total nutrients of the seedling culture solution is 0.04%, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrients is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1;
(2) after the pepper seedlings come out of the soil and the first true leaves are fully unfolded, draining water in the pool and hardening the seedlings, adding seedling culture solution into the floating pool until the true leaves are withered, wherein the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3-4cm, the mass content of total nutrients of the seedling culture solution is 0.08%, and the mass content of N: P in the total nutrients is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1;
(3) after 6-8 days, draining water and hardening seedlings, rehydrating the seedlings when the seedlings wither, draining water and hardening the seedlings after the pepper seedlings absorb water and recover tree vigor, and hardening the seedlings repeatedly for 2-3 times until stems of the pepper seedlings become hard and semi-lignified;
(4) draining the pond water when late spring coldness is reached at the end of 4 months, adding seedling culture solution into the floating pond 1 day before planned seedling taking and field planting, wherein the liquid depth of the seedling culture solution is 3cm, the mass content of the total nutrients of the seedling culture solution is 0.06 percent, and the ratio of N to P in the total nutrients is2O5︰K2The mass ratio of O is 1: 1;
in the whole process, when the temperature in the seedling raising greenhouse is less than or equal to 12 ℃, a small arched greenhouse is added for heat preservation; uncovering the greenhouse film after the temperature in the greenhouse is more than or equal to 20 ℃ in sunny days; the temperature in the greenhouse is more than or equal to 30 ℃, and a ventilation fan is started to ventilate and cool; and (4) uncovering the film at two ends of the greenhouse for 2-3 hours every day for natural ventilation.
CN201810957887.1A 2018-08-22 2018-08-22 Floating seedling raising method for punching and field planting pepper seedlings Active CN109006039B (en)

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CN111789020B (en) * 2020-07-07 2022-02-08 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 Floating seedling raising method for cruciferous vegetables

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CN105210826A (en) * 2015-09-23 2016-01-06 陈启林 Floating seedlings culturing method
CN107736195A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-02-27 保山市经济作物技术推广工作站 A kind of pepper seedling raising method

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