CN108976628A - 一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的eps抗压板 - Google Patents

一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的eps抗压板 Download PDF

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CN108976628A
CN108976628A CN201810697608.2A CN201810697608A CN108976628A CN 108976628 A CN108976628 A CN 108976628A CN 201810697608 A CN201810697608 A CN 201810697608A CN 108976628 A CN108976628 A CN 108976628A
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彭其周
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Abstract

本发明提供一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,涉及塑料发泡技术领域。所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40‑50份、溴化环氧树脂10‑12份、聚碳酸酯4‑6份、硬脂酸钠1‑2份、氧化锌2‑3份、苯基硅油1‑3份、成核剂2‑3份、抗氧化剂0.8‑1.4份。其制作方法主要包括连续升温发泡、高压蒸汽定型和高温喷涂等步骤。本发明克服了现有技术的不足,提高了传统EPS板材的孔隙密度,增加其抗压和回弹能力,并且加强了材质的韧性,有效提升板材的减压抗震效果,同时使板材具有耐磨、抗老化、阻燃等优点。

Description

一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料发泡技术领域,具体涉及一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板。
背景技术
二氧化碳在温度高于临界温度Tc=31.26℃,压力高于临界压力Pc=72.9atm的状态下,性质会发生变化,其密度近于液体,粘度近于气体,扩散系数为液体的100倍,因而具有惊人的溶解能力。用它可溶解多种物质,然后提取其中的有效成分,具有广泛的应用前景。
超临界二氧化碳发泡技术,是以超临界二氧化碳为发泡剂的一种新型物理发泡技术,它是通过快速泄压或者快速升温的方法使超临界二氧化碳饱和的聚合物体系进入热力学不稳定状态,诱导大量气核在聚合物基体中同时形成微孔结构,并迅速降温得到的高孔隙率的聚合物泡沫材料。这种聚合物泡沫材料具有较小的泡孔尺寸(0.1~10μm)和较高的泡孔密度(108~1012cells/cm3),因此具有较高的强度和稳定性。
EPS板材,由于其经过发泡处理,内部具有连续的闭孔空间,能抵消掉一部分的冲击力,起到抗压的作用,并且EPS板材由于其孔隙密度较高,并且材质较轻,具有一定的回弹能力,起到减压防震的效果,但是此类效果在一众泡沫材料中并不突出,严重限制EPS板材的应用范围。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明提供一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,提高了传统EPS板材的孔隙密度,增加其抗压和回弹能力,并且加强了材质的韧性,有效提升板材的减压抗震效果,同时使板材具有耐磨、抗老化、阻燃等优点。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40-50份、溴化环氧树脂10-12份、聚碳酸酯4-6份、硬脂酸钠1-2份、氧化锌2-3份、苯基硅油1-3份、成核剂2-3份、抗氧化剂0.8-1.4份。
优选的,一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40-50份、溴化环氧树脂10-12份、聚碳酸酯4-6份、硬脂酸钠1-2份、氧化锌2-3份、苯基硅油1-3份、成核剂2-3份、抗氧化剂0.8-1.4份。
优选的,所述成核剂为滑石粉、石墨和云母质量比1∶1∶2的混合物。
所述EPS抗压板的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚苯乙烯树脂和聚碳酸酯混合粉碎后加入反应釜中,升温至180-200℃,混合搅拌均匀,得混合树脂备用;
(2)将上述反应釜内混合树脂进行降温和加压处理,并通入超临界二氧化碳,混合搅拌1-2h,后缓慢升温发泡处理;
(3)将上述步骤(2)反应釜内的温度降低至70-80℃,加入硬脂酸钠、苯基硅油、成核剂和抗氧化剂,保温搅拌均匀;
(4)将上述步骤(3)反应釜内继续通入超临界二氧化碳,在保温1-2h后,迅速升温至160-200℃,发泡处理5-10min,得发泡物料备用;
(5)将溴化环氧树脂与氧化锌混合置于反应釜中,升温至350-400℃搅拌均匀,保温静置40-50min,得混合浆料备用;
(6)将步骤(4)中的发泡物料置于模具中,高压蒸汽挤压成型,后将上述步骤(5)中的混合浆料均匀喷涂于成型的板材上,冷却定型后得本发明EPS抗压版。
优选的,步骤(1)中混合树脂与反应釜中需保温搅拌20-30min。
优选的,步骤(2)中降温加压后的温度为40-60℃,压强为12-14MPa,缓慢升温的速度为2℃/s,升温至140-160℃后,保温10-15min。
优选的,步骤(6)中高压蒸汽模压成型的温度为180-200℃,压强为0.5-0.7MPa,将成型板材冷却至120-160℃后,再喷涂混合浆料。
本发明提供一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,与现有技术相比优点在于:
(1)本发明采用超临界二氧化碳代替发泡剂,并且采用连续升温法对物料进行发泡,在第一次升温时,控制升温的速度,使材料形成细密的小孔,第二次采用快速升温法,使物料形成的孔隙较大,有利于泡沫在内部存储空气,两次升温后所得到的材料具有细密且连续的闭孔,能有效的缓冲外部的冲击力,达到高效抗压减震的效果。
(2)本法明使用溴化环氧树脂和氧化锌混合后喷涂于发泡材料表面,能有效增强材料的耐磨性能,并且喷涂过后可在板材表面形成一层相对坚硬但不连续的膜,能有效提升泡沫板材的抗压能力。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40份、溴化环氧树脂10份、聚碳酸酯4份、硬脂酸钠1份、氧化锌2份、苯基硅油1份、成核剂2份、抗氧化剂0.8份。
所述成核剂为滑石粉、石墨和云母质量比1∶1∶2的混合物。
所述EPS抗压板的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚苯乙烯树脂和聚碳酸酯混合粉碎后加入反应釜中,升温至180-200℃,混合搅拌均匀,得混合树脂备用;
(2)将上述反应釜内混合树脂进行降温和加压处理,并通入超临界二氧化碳,混合搅拌1-2h,后缓慢升温发泡处理;
(3)将上述步骤(2)反应釜内的温度降低至70-80℃,加入硬脂酸钠、苯基硅油、成核剂和抗氧化剂,保温搅拌均匀;
(4)将上述步骤(3)反应釜内继续通入超临界二氧化碳,在保温1-2h后,迅速升温至160-200℃,发泡处理5-10min,得发泡物料备用;
(5)将溴化环氧树脂与氧化锌混合置于反应釜中,升温至350-400℃搅拌均匀,保温静置40-50min,得混合浆料备用;
(6)将步骤(4)中的发泡物料置于模具中,高压蒸汽挤压成型,后将上述步骤(5)中的混合浆料均匀喷涂于成型的板材上,冷却定型后得本发明EPS抗压版。
步骤(1)中混合树脂与反应釜中需保温搅拌20-30min;步骤(2)中降温加压后的温度为40-60℃,压强为12-14MPa,缓慢升温的速度为2℃/s,升温至140-160℃后,保温10-15min;步骤(6)中高压蒸汽模压成型的温度为180-200℃,压强为0.5-0.7MPa,将成型板材冷却至120-160℃后,再喷涂混合浆料。
实施例2:
一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40-50份、溴化环氧树脂12份、聚碳酸酯6份、硬脂酸钠2份、氧化锌3份、苯基硅油3份、成核剂3份、抗氧化剂1.4份。
所述成核剂为滑石粉、石墨和云母质量比1∶1∶2的混合物。
所述EPS抗压板的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚苯乙烯树脂和聚碳酸酯混合粉碎后加入反应釜中,升温至180-200℃,混合搅拌均匀,得混合树脂备用;
(2)将上述反应釜内混合树脂进行降温和加压处理,并通入超临界二氧化碳,混合搅拌1-2h,后缓慢升温发泡处理;
(3)将上述步骤(2)反应釜内的温度降低至70-80℃,加入硬脂酸钠、苯基硅油、成核剂和抗氧化剂,保温搅拌均匀;
(4)将上述步骤(3)反应釜内继续通入超临界二氧化碳,在保温1-2h后,迅速升温至160-200℃,发泡处理5-10min,得发泡物料备用;
(5)将溴化环氧树脂与氧化锌混合置于反应釜中,升温至350-400℃搅拌均匀,保温静置40-50min,得混合浆料备用;
(6)将步骤(4)中的发泡物料置于模具中,高压蒸汽挤压成型,后将上述步骤(5)中的混合浆料均匀喷涂于成型的板材上,冷却定型后得本发明EPS抗压版。
步骤(1)中混合树脂与反应釜中需保温搅拌20-30min;步骤(2)中降温加压后的温度为40-60℃,压强为12-14MPa,缓慢升温的速度为2℃/s,升温至140-160℃后,保温10-15min;步骤(6)中高压蒸汽模压成型的温度为180-200℃,压强为0.5-0.7MPa,将成型板材冷却至120-160℃后,再喷涂混合浆料。
实施例3:
一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40-50份、溴化环氧树脂10-12份、聚碳酸酯4-6份、硬脂酸钠1-2份、氧化锌2-3份、苯基硅油1-3份、成核剂2-3份、抗氧化剂0.8-1.4份。
所述成核剂为滑石粉、石墨和云母质量比1∶1∶2的混合物。
所述EPS抗压板的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚苯乙烯树脂和聚碳酸酯混合粉碎后加入反应釜中,升温至180-200℃,混合搅拌均匀,得混合树脂备用;
(2)将上述反应釜内混合树脂进行降温和加压处理,并通入超临界二氧化碳,混合搅拌1-2h,后缓慢升温发泡处理;
(3)将上述步骤(2)反应釜内的温度降低至70-80℃,加入硬脂酸钠、苯基硅油、成核剂和抗氧化剂,保温搅拌均匀;
(4)将上述步骤(3)反应釜内继续通入超临界二氧化碳,在保温1-2h后,迅速升温至160-200℃,发泡处理5-10min,得发泡物料备用;
(5)将溴化环氧树脂与氧化锌混合置于反应釜中,升温至350-400℃搅拌均匀,保温静置40-50min,得混合浆料备用;
(6)将步骤(4)中的发泡物料置于模具中,高压蒸汽挤压成型,后将上述步骤(5)中的混合浆料均匀喷涂于成型的板材上,冷却定型后得本发明EPS抗压版。
步骤(1)中混合树脂与反应釜中需保温搅拌20-30min;步骤(2)中降温加压后的温度为40-60℃,压强为12-14MPa,缓慢升温的速度为2℃/s,升温至140-160℃后,保温10-15min;步骤(6)中高压蒸汽模压成型的温度为180-200℃,压强为0.5-0.7MPa,将成型板材冷却至120-160℃后,再喷涂混合浆料。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,其特征在于,所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40-50份、溴化环氧树脂10-12份、聚碳酸酯4-6份、硬脂酸钠1-2份、氧化锌2-3份、苯基硅油1-3份、成核剂2-3份、抗氧化剂0.8-1.4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,其特征在于,所述EPS抗压板由以下重量份的原料制成:聚苯乙烯树脂40-50份、溴化环氧树脂10-12份、聚碳酸酯4-6份、硬脂酸钠1-2份、氧化锌2-3份、苯基硅油1-3份、成核剂2-3份、抗氧化剂0.8-1.4份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,其特征在于:所述成核剂为滑石粉、石墨和云母质量比1∶1∶2的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,其特征在于,所述EPS抗压板的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚苯乙烯树脂和聚碳酸酯混合粉碎后加入反应釜中,升温至180-200℃,混合搅拌均匀,得混合树脂备用;
(2)将上述反应釜内混合树脂进行降温和加压处理,并通入超临界二氧化碳,混合搅拌1-2h,后缓慢升温发泡处理;
(3)将上述步骤(2)反应釜内的温度降低至70-80℃,加入硬脂酸钠、苯基硅油、成核剂和抗氧化剂,保温搅拌均匀;
(4)将上述步骤(3)反应釜内继续通入超临界二氧化碳,在保温1-2h后,迅速升温至160-200℃,发泡处理5-10min,得发泡物料备用;
(5)将溴化环氧树脂与氧化锌混合置于反应釜中,升温至350-400℃搅拌均匀,保温静置40-50min,得混合浆料备用;
(6)将步骤(4)中的发泡物料置于模具中,高压蒸汽挤压成型,后将上述步骤(5)中的混合浆料均匀喷涂于成型的板材上,冷却定型后得本发明EPS抗压版。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,其特征在于:步骤(1)中混合树脂与反应釜中需保温搅拌20-30min。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,其特征在于:步骤(2)中降温加压后的温度为40-60℃,压强为12-14MPa,缓慢升温的速度为2℃/s,升温至140-160℃后,保温10-15min。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种采用超临界二氧化碳工艺生产的EPS抗压板,其特征在于:步骤(6)中高压蒸汽模压成型的温度为180-200℃,压强为0.5-0.7MPa,将成型板材冷却至120-160℃后,再喷涂混合浆料。
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