CN108967010A - A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108967010A CN108967010A CN201810800075.6A CN201810800075A CN108967010A CN 108967010 A CN108967010 A CN 108967010A CN 201810800075 A CN201810800075 A CN 201810800075A CN 108967010 A CN108967010 A CN 108967010A
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- wind
- forest belt
- orchard
- queensland nut
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural methods, belong to fruit tree wind resistance technical field of cultivation.The method of the present invention includes selection of land orchard establishment, construction windbreak, tree body pruning and wind resistant support cultivation step, with specifically selecting level land or the gentle slope of suitable Queensland nut plantation orchard establishment, select the stronger kind field planting of wind resistance, build windbreak in orchard periphery, short hat shaping and trimming method is done using low, height of tree crown and center of gravity are reduced, coating steel pipe bracket is built on plant periphery, improves its wind loading rating.The method of the present invention is simple and easy, improves wind loading rating, reduces loss caused by windburn.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a planting fruit-trees wind resistance cultural methods, and in particular to a kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method belongs to
Fruit tree wind resistance technical field of cultivation.
Background technique
Queensland nut (MacadamiaSpp. it) is also known as macadamia, originates in Australia, belongs to Proteaceae
(Proteaceae) Queensland nut category (MacadamiaF. Mull), it is the emerging perennial woody oil tree in torrid areas
With high-grade nut fruits crop.In the world among numerous dry fruits, the economic value highest of Queensland nut usually enjoys " nut
King " sing the praises of, be promote hill farmer shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity, drive Rural economy in the mountain area development tree species.
China is about in introducing Queensland nut in 1910, but until 1980 or so just start commercial crop.In recent years
Come, China's Queensland nut industry development is swift and violent.According to statistics, and 2015 about 191.7 ten thousand mu of China's Queensland nut cultivated area, receive
About 12.8 ten thousand mu of area are obtained, 1.02 ten thousand tons of yield (shell fruit), cultivated area occupies the first in the world, because most of orchard is not yet thrown
It produces, the world yield Jin Ju the 7th.According to the planning of each producing region development trend and relevant departments, the year two thousand twenty, China's Queensland nut are arrived
Cultivated area be expected to reach 3,500,000 mu.Main plant region is Yunnan and Guangxi at present, Guangdong, Hainan, Sichuan, Fujian, expensive
Also there are plantation in the provinces such as state.
Queensland nut is tall and big arbor species, and tree crown is tall and big, and main root is undeveloped, and main root system is distributed in soil shallow layer,
Wind loading rating is poor, and fruit tree lodging of growing up can be made by encountering high wind, causes production loss.Therefore, it has been planted in strong wind hot-zone, especially
Frequency is planted in by southeastern coasts hot-zones such as China Hainan of tropical storm and typhoon, Guangdong, Fujian, needs to take in cultivation and arrange
It applies, to improve its wind loading rating.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural methods, and this method is simple and easy, improve anti-
Wind energy power reduces loss.
In order to achieve the purpose that foregoing invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method, including selection of land orchard establishment, construction windbreak, tree body pruning and wind resistant support are planted
Step is trained, as follows:
(1) selection of land orchard establishment: orchard establishment, field require 19 ~ 23 DEG C of year-round average temperature, extreme low temperature not low with selecting level land or gentle slope
In -1.5 DEG C, 1100 mm or more of annual rainfall, 800 m or less of height above sea level, 50 cm or more of soil layer, the yellow earth irrigated convenient for draining
Soil, has dug planting pit before field planting and to use sufficient base manure spare, is colonized the stronger Queensland nut kind of wind resistance in spring；
(2) it builds windbreak: building windbreak on orchard periphery, windbreak Tree Species Selection adapts to local climate edaphic condition, life
Length is fast, be thick with leaves, resistance is strong, the tree species with economic value；
(3) tree body pruning: short hat pruning is done using low, reduces height of tree crown and center of gravity；Before typhoon, to tree crown
Main side branch carries out cutting back, reduces tree crown and keeps out the wind area；
(4) wind resistant support is cultivated: being built coating steel pipe bracket on plant periphery, is improved its wind loading rating.
Preferably, the construction method of step (2) windbreak: building main forest belt and by-forest belt on orchard periphery, main forest belt with
Prevailing wind direction is vertical, and 15 ~ 20 m of width, by-forest belt is located at main forest belt two sides, vertical with main forest belt, 3 ~ 5 m of width, every 150 ~
200 m set a major-minor forest belt, forest belt and 5 ~ 8 m of orchard interval.
Preferably, 4 length and widths, depth step (4) coating steel pipe bracket building method: are dug as 30 cm × 30 on plant periphery
4 coating steel pipes are fixed with cement in the pipe laying cave of the cm of cm × 50, build the eight word trapezoid supports of 1.8 ~ 2.0 m high.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
The macadamia planted using the method for the present invention, wind loading rating are improved, and loss ratio caused by windburn is not done
Any wind resistance processing significantly reduces.
Specific embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention it is more readily appreciated that below by specific embodiment to technology of the present invention
Scheme is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method comprising:
(1) selection of land orchard establishment: orchard establishment, field require 19 ~ 23 DEG C of year-round average temperature, extreme low temperature to be not less than with selecting level land or gentle slope
- 1.5 DEG C, 1100 mm or more of annual rainfall, 800 m or less of height above sea level, 50 cm or more of soil layer, the yellow soil irrigated convenient for draining,
Length and width is dug before field planting, the planting pit that depth is the cm × 50 of 50 cm × 50 cm, 25 kg decomposed manures of backfill are spare, in spring
It is colonized the stronger Queensland nut kind HAES333 of wind resistance；
(2) it builds windbreak: building the windbreak being made of main forest belt and by-forest belt on orchard periphery, main forest belt and prevailing wind direction hang down
Directly, 15 m of width, by-forest belt is located at main forest belt two sides, vertical with main forest belt, 3 m of width, sets a major and minor woods every 150 m
Band, forest belt and 5 m of orchard interval；Windbreak Tree Species Selection adaptation local climate edaphic condition, growth is fast, is thick with leaves, is degeneration-resistant
Property strong, the tree species with economic value, such as horse-tail；
(3) tree body pruning: short hat pruning is done using low, reduces height of tree crown and center of gravity；Before typhoon, to tree crown
Main side branch carries out cutting back, reduces tree crown and keeps out the wind area；
(4) wind resistant support is cultivated: in the pipe laying cave that 4 length and widths are dug on plant periphery, depth is the cm × 50 of 30 cm × 30 cm, using water
Silt stone fixes 4 coating steel pipes, builds the eight word trapezoid supports of 1.8 m high, improves its wind loading rating.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method comprising:
(1) selection of land orchard establishment: orchard establishment, field require 19 ~ 23 DEG C of year-round average temperature, extreme low temperature not low with selecting level land or gentle slope
In -1.5 DEG C, 1100 mm or more of annual rainfall, 800 m or less of height above sea level, 50 cm or more of soil layer, the yellow earth irrigated convenient for draining
Soil digs length and width, the planting pit that depth is the cm × 50 of 50 cm × 50 cm before being colonized, 20 kg decomposed manures of backfill are spare, Yu Chun
The stronger Queensland nut kind Own Choice of Ji Dingzhi wind resistance；
(2) it builds windbreak: building the windbreak being made of main forest belt and by-forest belt on orchard periphery, main forest belt and prevailing wind direction hang down
Directly, 20 m of width, by-forest belt is located at main forest belt two sides, vertical with main forest belt, 5 m of width, sets a major and minor woods every 200 m
Band, forest belt and 8 m of orchard interval；Windbreak Tree Species Selection adaptation local climate edaphic condition, growth is fast, is thick with leaves, is degeneration-resistant
Property strong, the tree species with economic value, such as acacia confusa；
(3) tree body pruning: short hat pruning is done using low, reduces height of tree crown and center of gravity；Before typhoon, to tree crown
Main side branch carries out cutting back, reduces tree crown and keeps out the wind area；
(4) wind resistant support is cultivated: in the pipe laying cave that 4 length and widths are dug on plant periphery, depth is the cm × 50 of 30 cm × 30 cm, using water
Silt stone fixes 4 coating steel pipes, builds the eight word trapezoid supports of 2.0 m high, improves its wind loading rating.
The macadamia handled by the present embodiment loss reduction in No. 22 violent typhoon " rainbow " in 2015, mostly
Number tree has no lodging, and only branch fractures, and the macadamia without doing any wind resistance processing lodges entirely.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method, it is characterised in that: repaired including selection of land orchard establishment, construction windbreak, tree body shaping
It cuts and cultivates step with wind resistant support, the specific method is as follows:
(1) selection of land orchard establishment: orchard establishment, field require 19 ~ 23 DEG C of year-round average temperature, extreme low temperature not low with selecting level land or gentle slope
In -1.5 DEG C, 1100 mm or more of annual rainfall, 800 m or less of height above sea level, 50 cm or more of soil layer, the yellow earth irrigated convenient for draining
Soil, has dug planting pit before field planting and to use sufficient base manure spare, is colonized the stronger Queensland nut kind of wind resistance in spring；
(2) it builds windbreak: building windbreak on orchard periphery, windbreak Tree Species Selection adapts to local climate edaphic condition, life
Length is fast, be thick with leaves, resistance is strong, the tree species with economic value；
(3) tree body pruning: short hat pruning is done using low, reduces height of tree crown and center of gravity；Before typhoon, to tree crown
Main side branch carries out cutting back, reduces tree crown and keeps out the wind area；
(4) wind resistant support is cultivated: being built coating steel pipe bracket on plant periphery, is improved its wind loading rating.
2. a kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: prevent described in step (2)
The construction method of wind woods: main forest belt and by-forest belt are built on orchard periphery, main forest belt is vertical with prevailing wind direction, 15 ~ 20 m of width, secondary
Forest belt is located at main forest belt two sides, vertical with main forest belt, 3 ~ 5 m of width, sets a major-minor forest belt every 150 ~ 200 m, forest belt with
5 ~ 8 m of orchard interval.
3. a kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (4) is described zinc-plated
The building method of steel pipe support: in the pipe laying cave that 4 length and widths are dug on plant periphery, depth is the cm × 50 of 30 cm × 30 cm, water is used
Silt stone fixes 4 coating steel pipes, builds the eight word trapezoid supports of 1.8 ~ 2.0 m high.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810800075.6A CN108967010A (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2018-07-20 | A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method |
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| CN201810800075.6A CN108967010A (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2018-07-20 | A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method |
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| CN108967010A true CN108967010A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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| CN201810800075.6A Pending CN108967010A (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2018-07-20 | A kind of Queensland nut wind resistance cultural method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111887089A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-06 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method for promoting rapid recovery production of adult lodging macadimia nuts after typhoon disaster |
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| CN103518586A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-22 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation pattern for transplanting Macadamia tree |
| CN103999724A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-27 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Yield-increasing cultivation method for macadimia nuts |
| CN104782440A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-22 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Macadamia integrifolia postharvest pruning method |
| CN105052656A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-18 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Macadamia seedling cultivation method |
| CN105393776A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-16 | 广西合山市润鸿农业技术有限公司 | Macadamia nut cultivation method |
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| CN108093908A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-06-01 | 广西博白县乾福真家庭农场 | The cultural method of Queensland nut |
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2018
- 2018-07-20 CN CN201810800075.6A patent/CN108967010A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| CN103518586A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-22 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation pattern for transplanting Macadamia tree |
| CN103999724A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-27 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Yield-increasing cultivation method for macadimia nuts |
| CN104782440A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-22 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Macadamia integrifolia postharvest pruning method |
| CN105052656A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-18 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Macadamia seedling cultivation method |
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| CN108093908A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-06-01 | 广西博白县乾福真家庭农场 | The cultural method of Queensland nut |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111887089A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-06 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method for promoting rapid recovery production of adult lodging macadimia nuts after typhoon disaster |
| CN111887089B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-04-08 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method for promoting rapid recovery production of adult lodging macadimia nuts after typhoon disaster |
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