CN108950447A - 一种金属工件镀锌工艺 - Google Patents

一种金属工件镀锌工艺 Download PDF

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CN108950447A
CN108950447A CN201810813919.0A CN201810813919A CN108950447A CN 108950447 A CN108950447 A CN 108950447A CN 201810813919 A CN201810813919 A CN 201810813919A CN 108950447 A CN108950447 A CN 108950447A
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workpiece
metal works
zincincation
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瞿友春
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Taicang Rentai Metal Products Co Ltd
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Taicang Rentai Metal Products Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/46Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing oxalates

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种金属工件镀锌工艺,包括如下的过程,工件进行脱脂处理,工件酸洗,工件水洗,工件浸助镀剂,工件烘干预热,工件进行热镀锌,工件整理,工件钝化,工件用水漂洗,进行干燥处理,工件冷却,工件进行检验,本发明一种金属工件镀锌工艺,流程设计合理,能够实现工件加工的简化,提高了工件的使用寿命,同时降低了对周围环境的污染,节约了人力物力。

Description

一种金属工件镀锌工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及金属工件制品加工技术领域,特别是涉及一种金属工件镀锌工艺。
背景技术
金属件大多为铁制,容易生锈,为了防止生锈并提高抗氧化能力,会对金属件进行镀锌的表面处理,让金属件的表面形成一保护层,热镀锌又称为热浸镀锌,在高温下把锌锭融化,在放入一些辅助材料,然后把金属结构件浸入镀锌槽中,使金属构件上附着一层锌层,通过镀锌,对金属表面起到保护功能,但是,镀锌对环境的污染很大,怎样降低镀锌液体对环境的污染,一直是金属加工企业发展的方向,为此,本发明提供了一种金属工件镀锌工艺,工艺流程设计合理,能够提高工件的镀锌效率,同时,有效降低对周围环境的污染。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种金属工件镀锌工艺,工艺流程设计合理,有效降低对周围环境的污染,所述的一种金属工件镀锌工艺,包括如下的过程。
第一步:加工工件进行脱脂处理,采用化学去油或水基金属脱脂清洗剂去油,达到工件完全被水浸润为止;
第二步:工件酸洗,采用15%的H2SO4,在40~60℃进行酸洗,并加入缓蚀剂防止基体过腐蚀以及减少铁基体吸氢量;
第三步:工件水洗,去除表面的酸性液体;
第四步:工件浸助镀剂,浸助镀剂也称结合剂,保持在浸镀前工件具有一定活性,以增强镀层与基体结合,一种优选技术方案,浸助镀剂采用15%~25%的NH4Cl和2.5%~3.5%ZnCl2混合液体,温度保持在55℃~65℃,时间为5~10min,为减少NH4Cl挥发可适当加入甘油;
第五步:工件烘干预热,为了防止工件在浸镀时由于温度急剧升高而变形,并除去残余水分,防止产生爆锌,造成锌液 爆溅,预热一般为120℃~180℃;
第六步:工件进行热镀锌,控制好锌液温度、浸镀时间及工件从锌液中移出的速度;
第七步:工件整理,用震动方法对工件整理,去除表面余锌及锌瘤;
第八步:工件钝化,钝化目的是提高工件表面抗大气腐蚀性能,减少或延长白锈出现时间,保持镀层具有良好的外观,一种优选技术方案,工件钝化液体包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、草酸、柠檬酸和水的混合液体;
第九步:工件用水漂洗;
第十步:镀锌工件经过漂洗后,进行干燥处理,得到镀锌件成品;
第十一步:工件冷却,冷却一般用水冷,但温度不可过低,防止工件开裂;
第十二步:工件进行检验,检验镀层外观光亮、细致、无流挂、皱皮现象,厚度检验可采用涂层测厚仪,也可用重锤敲击检验。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明一种金属工件镀锌工艺,流程设计合理,能够实现工件加工的简化,提高了工件的使用寿命,同时降低了对周围环境的污染,节约了人力物力。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
第一步:加工工件进行脱脂处理,采用化学去油或水基金属脱脂清洗剂去油,达到工件完全被水浸润为止;
第二步:工件酸洗,采用15%的H2SO4,在40~60℃进行酸洗,并加入缓蚀剂防止基体过腐蚀以及减少铁基体吸氢量;
第三步:工件水洗,去除表面的酸性液体;
第四步:工件浸助镀剂,浸助镀剂也称结合剂,保持在浸镀前工件具有一定活性,以增强镀层与基体结合,一种优选技术方案,浸助镀剂采用15%~25%的NH4Cl和2.5%~3.5%ZnCl2混合液体,温度保持在55℃~65℃,时间为5~10min,为减少NH4Cl挥发可适当加入甘油;
第五步:工件烘干预热,为了防止工件在浸镀时由于温度急剧升高而变形,并除去残余水分,防止产生爆锌,造成锌液 爆溅,预热一般为120℃~180℃;
第六步:工件进行热镀锌,控制好锌液温度、浸镀时间及工件从锌液中移出的速度;
第七步:工件整理,用震动方法对工件整理,去除表面余锌及锌瘤;
第八步:工件钝化,钝化目的是提高工件表面抗大气腐蚀性能,减少或延长白锈出现时间,保持镀层具有良好的外观,一种优选技术方案,工件钝化液体包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、草酸、柠檬酸和水的混合液体;
第九步:工件用水漂洗;
第十步:镀锌工件经过漂洗后,进行干燥处理,得到镀锌件成品;
第十一步:工件冷却,冷却一般用水冷,但温度不可过低,防止工件开裂;
第十二步:工件进行检验,检验镀层外观光亮、细致、无流挂、皱皮现象,厚度检验可采用涂层测厚仪,也可用重锤敲击检验。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种金属工件镀锌工艺,其特征在于,包括如下的过程:
第一步:加工工件进行脱脂处理,采用化学去油或水基金属脱脂清洗剂去油,达到工件完全被水浸润为止;
第二步:工件酸洗,采用15%的H2SO4,在40~60℃进行酸洗,并加入缓蚀剂防止基体过腐蚀以及减少铁基体吸氢量;
第三步:工件水洗,去除表面的酸性液体;
第四步:工件浸助镀剂,浸助镀剂也称结合剂,保持在浸镀前工件具有一定活性,以增强镀层与基体结合;
第五步:工件烘干预热,为了防止工件在浸镀时由于温度急剧升高而变形,预热为120℃~180℃;
第六步:工件进行热镀锌,控制好锌液温度、浸镀时间及工件从锌液中移出的速度;
第七步:工件整理,用震动方法对工件整理,去除表面余锌及锌瘤;
第八步:工件钝化,减少或延长白锈出现时间;
第九步:工件用水漂洗;
第十步:镀锌工件经过漂洗后,进行干燥处理,得到镀锌件成品;
第十一步:工件冷却,冷却用水冷;
第十二步:工件进行检验,检验镀层外观光亮、细致、无流挂、皱皮现象。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属工件镀锌工艺,其特征在于,所述的第四步,浸助镀剂采用15%~25%的NH4Cl和2.5%~3.5%ZnCl2混合液体,温度保持在55℃~65℃,时间为5~10min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属工件镀锌工艺,其特征在于,所述的第八步,工件钝化液体包括脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、草酸、柠檬酸和水的混合液体。
CN201810813919.0A 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 一种金属工件镀锌工艺 Pending CN108950447A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109440040A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-08 宜兴大平杆塔制造有限公司 钢结构镀锌后连接面抗摩擦处理工艺
CN109852914A (zh) * 2019-03-01 2019-06-07 安徽省庐峰镀锌有限公司 一种高强度合金化钢板热镀锌工艺
CN112760586A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-07 湖南利钢金属制品有限公司 一种热度锌酸洗用精确涂油工艺
CN114657493A (zh) * 2022-05-05 2022-06-24 河北华熙管业有限公司 一种耐腐蚀镀锌钢管及其生产方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109440040A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-08 宜兴大平杆塔制造有限公司 钢结构镀锌后连接面抗摩擦处理工艺
CN109440040B (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-08-30 宜兴大平杆塔制造有限公司 钢结构镀锌后连接面抗摩擦处理工艺
CN109852914A (zh) * 2019-03-01 2019-06-07 安徽省庐峰镀锌有限公司 一种高强度合金化钢板热镀锌工艺
CN112760586A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-07 湖南利钢金属制品有限公司 一种热度锌酸洗用精确涂油工艺
CN114657493A (zh) * 2022-05-05 2022-06-24 河北华熙管业有限公司 一种耐腐蚀镀锌钢管及其生产方法
CN114657493B (zh) * 2022-05-05 2024-02-13 河北华熙管业有限公司 一种耐腐蚀镀锌钢管及其生产方法

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