CN108935517B

CN108935517B - Promoter for promoting germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN108935517B
Application number: CN201810758844.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯世鑫; 闫志刚
Original assignee: Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants
Current assignee: Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants
Priority date: 2018-07-11
Filing date: 2018-07-11
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-11
Also published as: CN108935517A

Abstract

The invention provides an accelerant for promoting germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.07-0.09 part of matrine and nano TiO₂0.55-0.65 part, 0.45-0.55 part of fulvic acid, 0.75-0.85 part of amino acid zinc, 0.6-1.2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.2-0.4 part of polyethylene glycol and 900-1000 parts of water. The method has the characteristics of shortening the seedling emergence time of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds, improving the seedling emergence rate, improving the germination vigor and the like.

Description

Promoter for promoting germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. More specifically, the invention relates to an accelerant for promoting the germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Guangxi sweet tea (Rubus Suavissimus S.Lee) is a special sweet plant in Guangxi, is frequently drunk as tea in folk, and is called 'Shencha' in folk. The Guangxi sweet tea also contains abundant proteins, amino acids, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin E, iron, zinc, calcium and other mineral substances, wherein the most valuable components in the Guangxi sweet tea are rubusoside (also called rubusoside), flavone and tea polyphenol respectively. Guangxi sweet tea is an important medicine for Guangxi minority nationality Zhuang nationality and Yao nationality, and has the effects of clearing heat and lowering fire, moistening lung, eliminating phlegm and relieving cough. Pharmacological research shows that: the Guangxi sweet tea has obvious functions of reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat, resisting bacteria, resisting allergy, resisting tumor, regulating human body immunity, resisting aging and the like. In addition, the relative sweetness of rubusoside in Guangxi sweet tea is 150 times that of cane sugar, the taste is excellent, and the sweet tea is expected to become a novel food sweetener in the food industry.

At present, China begins to plant Guangxi sweet tea on a large scale, and mainly focuses on Jinxiu, Lipu, Pinle, Yongfu, Xiangzhou, Pinnan, Cenxi, Shoiping, Mongolian and other counties. There are more than 10 production enterprises. The products have been exported to countries such as japan, the united states and the eastern union.

In the aspect of planting, the propagation of Guangxi sweet tea mostly uses plant division propagation and root cutting propagation, the propagation depends on the bud tillered out by the root stump of the old root and digs a part of larger lateral roots as propagation materials, the propagation coefficient is small, and the expanded planting of Guangxi sweet tea is hindered. Long-term, single asexual reproduction also causes germplasm degradation. The sexual propagation has large propagation coefficient and good stress resistance, can accelerate the enlargement of a planting base and the seedling propagation, and is the most effective and low-cost important way for fine seed breeding. However, the Guangxi sweet tea seeds have the characteristics of thick and hard seed coats, difficult water absorption, dormancy, short seed life and the like, and are particularly characterized by low germination rate, slow germination, irregular germination and the like, so that the seed seedling culture cannot be applied to planting production. The process of expanding the Guangxi sweet tea base, breeding improved varieties, updating the varieties and rapidly propagating is seriously hindered, and the bottleneck problem of the development of the Guangxi sweet tea is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an accelerating agent for accelerating germination of sweet tea seeds in Guangxi province, which can accelerate the emergence rate of sweet tea seeds in Guangxi province and shorten the emergence time.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided an accelerating agent for accelerating germination of seeds of sweet tea of Guangxi province, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.07-0.09 part of matrine and nano TiO₂0.55 to 0.65 portion of fulvic acid, 0.45 to 0.55 portion of fulvic acid, 0.75 to 0.85 portion of amino acid zinc, 0.6 to 1.2 portions of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.2 to 0.4 portion of polyethylene glycol and deionized water900-1000 parts of sub-water.

Preferably, the composition further comprises 0.8-0.10 part by weight of gibberellic acid. In order to realize the purposes of the invention, the invention also provides a preparation method of the promoter for promoting the germination of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds, which adopts the raw materials and components and comprises the following preparation steps:

1) adding 35-45 parts by weight of deionized water into the matrine, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution B;

2) to nano TiO₂Adding 25-35 parts by weight of deionized water, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution C;

3) adding the rest deionized water into the amino acid zinc, the fulvic acid, the compound sodium nitrophenolate and the polyethylene glycol, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution D;

4) and mixing the solution B, the solution C and the solution D, and uniformly stirring to obtain the accelerator.

In order to realize the purposes of the invention, the invention also provides a preparation method of the promoter for promoting the germination of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds, which adopts the raw materials and components and comprises the following preparation steps:

3) adding the rest deionized water into the amino acid zinc, the gibberellic acid, the fulvic acid, the compound sodium nitrophenolate and the polyethylene glycol, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution D;

In order to achieve the objects of the present invention, there is also provided a method for promoting germination of seeds of sweet tea of Guangxi province, which uses the promoter prepared by the above method, comprising the steps of:

a) collecting mature fruit of Guangxi sweet tea, piling until the peel is rotten, washing the pulp with water, selecting seeds which are deposited at the bottom of water, spreading and drying until the seeds are not adhered, putting the seeds into a grinding machine for grinding, taking out, wrapping with gauze, embedding into fine river sand, and refrigerating for more than 3 days;

b) soaking the seeds treated in the step a) in a potassium permanganate solution, then washing the seeds with distilled water, and spreading and drying the seeds to obtain sterilized seeds;

c) and (3) soaking the disinfected seeds in the accelerant, and taking out to obtain seeds to be sowed.

d) Wetting the planting matrix on the seedbed by using water, and mixing the seeds to be sowed and the fine river sand according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-20, dibbling the mixture on a planting matrix, covering a layer of plant ash, controlling illumination, the moisture of the planting matrix and the relative air humidity, and continuously culturing to obtain Guangxi sweet tea seedlings.

Preferably, the planting substrate is prepared from humus soil, charcoal soil, coconut residues and vermiculite according to a mass ratio of 2-3: 1-2: 0.5-1: 0.5-1, and screening by a screen of 20-30 meshes to obtain undersize, namely the planting matrix.

Preferably, in the step d), the illumination intensity is 20% -25% of the sunlight intensity, the water content in the planting substrate is 23% -25%, and the relative air humidity is 85% -90%.

Preferably, in the step a), the fruits are stacked for 3-5 days until the peels are rotten, the rotation speed of a seed grinder is 2700-2900 r/min, the seed grinding time is 15-20 s, the water content of the fine river sand is 23-25%, the temperature for cold storage is 4-6 ℃, and the storage time is 4-6 days.

Preferably, in the step b), potassium permanganate with the mass fraction of 0.15-0.25% is used for soaking for 30-40 min, and the mixture is washed for 3-5 times by using distilled water.

Preferably, in the step c), the time for soaking in the aqueous solution of the accelerator is 4-5 hours.

Matrine is a plant source preparation, and has the effects of killing insects and promoting seed germination.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) is a macromolecule osmotic adjusting agent, and has the effects of improving seed activity, initiating seeds and increasing seed germination rate.

Nano TiO 2₂Is a photocatalyst and has strong ultraviolet light absorption propertyUnder the irradiation of visible light, especially ultraviolet light, the biological organic fertilizer has strong oxidizability and reducibility, has the functions of decomposing organic matters, sterilizing and the like, has the functions of low absorption and releasing far infrared rays, can enable large molecular groups to generate resonance and decompose into small molecules, enables common water to become active water and the like, and has a promoting effect on the germination of the seeds of the Guangxi sweet tea.

Gibberellic acid is an economic and efficient auxin, can break seed dormancy and promote cell elongation, has different concentrations and expression effects for different crops and fertilization environments, is formed by complexing zinc and organic matters, has the characteristics of high dissolution, high absorption, safety and the like, and is easy to be absorbed by plants.

The amino acid zinc can promote protein synthesis, increase ribonucleic acid content in vivo, facilitate formation of auxin such as indoleacetic acid, and promote seed germination and growth.

Fulvic acid is a water-soluble grey black powdery substance, is a plant growth regulator, can promote plant growth, has an important effect on drought resistance, and can improve the stress resistance of plants.

The compound sodium nitrophenolate is a strong cell activator, can quickly permeate into a plant body after contacting with the plant, promotes the protoplasm flow of cells, improves the cell activity, and further promotes the germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: after seed coats of Guangxi sweet tea are mechanically ground, the water absorption of the seeds can be effectively improved, and the germination of the seeds is promoted; the germination rate of the seeds is improved by more than 10 percent through low-temperature treatment; the seeds of the Guangxi sweet tea are soaked by the accelerant, so that the activity of the seeds can be excited, the dormancy of the seeds can be broken, the germination rate of the seeds can be effectively improved, and the germination time can be greatly shortened; shallow sowing on loose planting matrix can meet the requirements of seeds for illumination, moisture and oxygen, finally promote seedling emergence of Guangxi sweet tea seeds and improve the rate of emergence. After the gibberellic acid is added, the emergence rate of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds is improved by more than 5%; the method can ensure that the emergence rate of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds reaches 81.3 percent, but the emergence rate in the prior art is only 38.3 percent, and the emergence rate is improved by more than 1 time; the technology of the invention can also lead the seedlings of Guangxi sweet tea seeds to emerge more than 15 days in advance.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.

It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

Example 1

The promoter for promoting the germination of the seeds of the Guangxi sweet tea comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: matrine 0.07g and nano TiO₂0.55g, fulvic acid 0.45g, amino acid zinc 0.75g, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.6g, polyethylene glycol 0.2g and deionized water 900 g.

Example 2

The promoter for promoting the germination of the seeds of the Guangxi sweet tea comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: matrine 0.09g and nano TiO₂0.65g, 0.1g gibberellic acid, 0.55g fulvic acid, 0.85g amino acid zinc, 1.2g sodium nitrophenolate, 0.4g polyethylene glycol and 1000g deionized water.

Compared with the economic promotion method without the addition of the gibberellic acid, the germination rate of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds is improved by more than 5 percent after the gibberellic acid is added.

Example 3

A preparation method of an accelerant for promoting the germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds comprises the following preparation steps:

1) adding 45g of deionized water into 0.09g of matrine, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution B;

2) to 0.65g of nano TiO₂Adding 35g of deionized water, stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution C;

3) adding 917g of residual deionized water into 0.85g of amino acid zinc, 0.55g of fulvic acid, 1.2g of compound sodium nitrophenolate and 0.4g of polyethylene glycol, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution D;

Example 4

3) adding 917g of deionized water into 0.85g of amino acid zinc, 0.55g of fulvic acid, 0.1g of gibberellic acid, 1.2g of compound sodium nitrophenolate and 0.4g of polyethylene glycol, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a solution D;

Example 5

A method for promoting the germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds comprises the following steps:

c) and (3) soaking the disinfected seeds in the accelerant prepared in the example 4, and taking out to obtain seeds to be sowed.

d) Wetting the planting matrix on the seedbed by using water, and mixing the seeds to be sowed and the fine river sand according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, dibbling the mixture on a planting matrix, covering a layer of plant ash, controlling illumination, the moisture of the planting matrix and the relative air humidity, and continuously culturing to obtain Guangxi sweet tea seedlings.

Example 6

d) Wetting the planting matrix on the seedbed by using water, and mixing the seeds to be sowed and the fine river sand according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, dibbling the mixture on a planting substrate, covering a layer of plant ash, controlling illumination, the moisture of the planting substrate and the relative air humidity, and continuously culturing to obtain Guangxi sweet tea seedlings; wherein the planting substrate is prepared from humus soil, charcoal soil, coconut residue and vermiculite according to a mass ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1, and screening by a 20-mesh screen to obtain undersize products, namely the planting matrix.

Example 7

d) Wetting the planting matrix on the seedbed by using water, and mixing the seeds to be sowed and the fine river sand according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, dibbling the mixture on a planting substrate, covering a layer of plant ash, controlling the illumination intensity to be 20% of the sunlight intensity, controlling the water content in the planting substrate to be 23% and controlling the relative air humidity to be 85%, and continuously culturing to obtain Guangxi sweet tea seedlings; wherein the planting substrate is prepared from humus soil, charcoal soil, coconut residue and vermiculite according to a mass ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1, and screening by a 20-mesh screen to obtain undersize products, namely the planting matrix.

Compared with a test group without controlling illumination, the illumination intensity is controlled to be 20% of the illumination intensity, namely the transmittance of the illumination intensity is 20%, and the germination potential of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds is improved by more than 10%.

Example 8

a) collecting mature fruit of Guangxi sweet tea, stacking for 5 days until the peel is rotten, washing with water to remove pulp, selecting seeds which are deposited at the bottom of water, spreading and drying until the seeds are not adhered, putting into a seed grinding machine for grinding seeds at the rotating speed of 2900r/min for 15s, taking out, wrapping with gauze, embedding into fine river sand with the water content of 23%, and refrigerating for 4 days at 6 ℃;

d) Wetting the planting matrix on the seedbed by using water, and mixing the seeds to be sowed and the fine river sand according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, dibbling the mixture on a planting substrate, covering a layer of plant ash, controlling the illumination intensity to be 20% of the sunlight intensity, controlling the water content in the planting substrate to be 23% and controlling the relative air humidity to be 85%, and continuously culturing to obtain Guangxi sweet tea seedlings; wherein the planting substrate is prepared from humus soil, charcoal soil, coconut residue and vermiculite according to a mass ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1, and screening by a 20-mesh screen to obtain undersize products, namely the planting matrix.

The rate of emergence was increased by 12.7% compared to the non-refrigerated test.

Example 9

b) soaking the seeds treated in the step a) in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 0.25% for 30min, then washing the seeds for 3 times by using distilled water, and spreading and drying the seeds to obtain sterilized seeds;

c) and (3) soaking the disinfected seeds in the accelerant prepared in the example 4 for 4 hours, and taking out to obtain seeds to be sowed.

Example 10

Group 1: matrine was not added to the accelerator, the other planting processes were exactly the same as in example 9, and the rate of emergence and time of emergence of the cantonese rubus suavissimus seeds were counted, and the results are shown in table 1.

Group 2: the accelerating agent is not added with fulvic acid, other planting processes are completely the same as the example 9, the emergence rate and the emergence time of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds are counted, and the results are shown in the table 1.

Group 3: no amino acid zinc is added into the accelerant, other planting processes are completely the same as those of the example 9, the emergence rate and the emergence time of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds are counted, and the results are shown in table 1.

Group 4: dissolving matrine in deionized water, soaking Guangxi sweet tea seeds for 4h, and then sowing, wherein the sowing process is completely the same as that of example 9, and the emergence rate and emergence time of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds are counted, and the results are shown in table 1.

Group 5: fulvic acid is dissolved in deionized water, the Guangxi sweet tea seeds are soaked for 4 hours, then sowing is carried out, the sowing process is completely the same as that of example 9, the emergence rate and emergence time of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds are counted, and the results are shown in table 1.

Group 6: and (3) dissolving the zinc amino acid in deionized water, soaking the Guangxi sweet tea seeds for 4 hours, and then sowing, wherein the sowing process is completely the same as that of example 9, and the emergence rate and emergence time of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds are counted, and the results are shown in table 1.

Group 7: the seeds of Guangxi sweet tea were soaked in deionized water for 4 hours and then sown in the same manner as in example 9, and the emergence rate and emergence time of the seeds of Guangxi sweet tea were counted, and the results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 emergence rate and emergence early time of Guangxi sweet tea seeds

	Early time of emergence (d)	Rate of emergence (%)	Germination vigor (%)
				Group 1	3	53.5	43.5
Group 2	4	56.9	40.5
				Group 3	6	50.4	38.9
Group 4	2	42.1	17.9
				Group 5	0	41.6	18.6
Group 6	1	40.1	19.7
				Group 7	0	39.7	16.9
Example 9	15	86.7	68.1

From the results in table 1, it is known that addition of matrine, fulvic acid, and amino acid zinc to the promoter can shorten the germination time of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds and increase the rate of emergence and the germination vigor of the seeds.

Example 11

Selecting the autonomous county four Chong village of the Yao nationality of the Ministry of the great Fa in Pinle county, Guangxi, wherein the geographic position is longitude of 110 degrees and 24 degrees, latitude of 24 degrees and altitude of 384 m. The annual average temperature is 19.9 ℃, the monthly average minimum temperature is 9.4 ℃ (1 month), the monthly average maximum temperature is 28.3 ℃ (7 months), the extreme maximum temperature is 39.4 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is-4.1 ℃, the annual average rainfall is 1355 and 1865 millimeters, the frost-free period is more than 310 days, and the seedling emergence rate test is carried out by taking the local Guangxi sweet tea seeds as test materials in the last ten days of 6 months.

The test groups are represented by T1, T2 and T3 respectively; wherein, the matrine 70mg and the gibberellic acid 80mg in the T1 group, and other components are unchanged; in group T2, matrine 70mg gibberellic acid 100mg other components are unchanged; in the T3 group, matrine 90mg and gibberellic acid 100mg are not changed, and the culture conditions and management are performed according to the method of the present invention.

After being soaked in clear water, the control group is sown according to a conventional method, and the specific operations are as follows: after the seeds are harvested, namely peel is broken by rubbing, pulp is washed off, the seeds are taken out, the seeds are soaked in clear water for 4 hours and then sowed, the used planting matrix is local sandy loam, and other culture conditions are the same as those of the test group.

Statistics of results

Counting once every 3 days, counting the time and the number of seedlings protruding from the ground, taking an average value, and calculating the rate of emergence and the germination vigor; wherein the emergence rate is the percentage of the number of the emergence to the number of the test seeds; the germination vigor was the percentage of the total number of seedlings counted by the sum of the number of seedlings of the seeds at the first 9 days after the start of emergence, and the results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 statistical results of emergence rate and germination potential

From the results in table 2, the emergence rates of the 3 concentrations of T1, T2 and T3 treatment of the present invention reach 81.3%, 81.5% and 82.3%, respectively; the germination vigor was 54.5%, 57.4% and 66.7% respectively on the first 9 days of the initial emergence. While the control group emerged 15 days later than the test group, the emergence rate was only 38.3%, and the germination potential of the control group from the first 9 days of emergence was only 39.9%. High germination vigor indicates concentrated germination, and germination (short time, on the contrary, scattered germination and long time, and the long germination time is easily influenced by external environments (diseases, insect pests, drought and the like) to result in the survival rate of seedlings.

While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The promoter for promoting the germination of the seeds of the Guangxi sweet tea is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.07-0.09 part of matrine and nano TiO₂0.55-0.65 part of fulvic acid, 0.45-0.55 part of zinc amino acid, 0.75-0.85 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.6-1.2 parts of polyethylene glycol and 900-1000 parts of deionized water;

the method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the Guangxi sweet tea by using the promoter comprises the following steps:

c) soaking the disinfected seeds in the accelerant, and taking out to obtain seeds to be sowed; wherein the soaking time in the accelerant is 4-5 h;

2. The accelerating agent for accelerating germination of sweet tea seeds in Guangxi province as claimed in claim 1, further comprising gibberellic acid, wherein the gibberellic acid is 0.8-0.1 part by weight.

3. The preparation method of the accelerant for promoting the germination of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds is characterized in that the raw materials and the components as described in claim 1 are adopted, and the preparation steps are as follows:

4. The preparation method of the accelerant for promoting the germination of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds is characterized in that the raw materials and the components as claimed in claim 2 are adopted, and the preparation steps are as follows:

5. The accelerating agent for accelerating germination of Guangxi sweet tea seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting matrix is formed by mixing humus soil, charred soil, coconut residue and vermiculite according to a mass ratio of 2-3: 1-2: 0.5-1: 0.5-1, and screening by a screen of 20-30 meshes to obtain undersize, namely the planting matrix.

6. The accelerant for promoting the germination of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step d), the illumination intensity is 20% -25% of the sunlight intensity, the water content in the planting substrate is 23% -25%, and the relative air humidity is 85% -90%.

7. The accelerant for promoting the germination of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step a), the fruits are stacked for 3-5 days until the peels are rotten, the rotation speed of the seed grinding machine is 2700-2900 r/min, the seed grinding time is 15-20 s, the water content of the fine river sand is 23% -25%, the temperature for cold storage is 4-6 ℃, and the storage time is 4-6 days.

8. The accelerant for promoting the germination of the Guangxi sweet tea seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step b), potassium permanganate with the mass fraction of 0.15-0.25% is used for soaking for 30-40 min, and the seeds are washed for 3-5 times by using distilled water.