CN108901543A - A kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis - Google Patents
A kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN108901543A CN108901543A CN201810691506.XA CN201810691506A CN108901543A CN 108901543 A CN108901543 A CN 108901543A CN 201810691506 A CN201810691506 A CN 201810691506A CN 108901543 A CN108901543 A CN 108901543A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N2033/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis, and the measures such as the management for apple cultivation soil and maintenance at present rely primarily on the plantation experience of manager.Fertilising and farming lack scientific evidence and allow effective guidance of feature to cause Apple yield impacted for mentioning.In consideration of it, the present invention provides a kind of system that instructs of the maintenance soil based on scientific theory, including：Soil information collection module, analysis module, maintenance plan generation module.It is tested and analyzed by the soil regime combining geographic location to apple plants plantation, effective fertilising farming scheme is provided for Cultivate administration person, guarantees the quality and yield of Apple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs application field, in particular to a kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis.
Background technique
Apple tree is perennial woody plant, and root system buries depth, and the service life is long.In entire growth and development process, apple tree
Other than having growth cycle, there are also life cycles, during the growth process, have certain rule to nutrient demand.Therefore to apple tree
When being applied fertilizer, it will be appreciated that its uptake characters and feature are accomplished because setting because of the ground rational application of fertilizer.It is advised according to the need fertilizer of apple tree
Rule, soil nutrient measurement result and the age of tree, determine dose, balance fertilizing.General adult anvil orchard should apply purity nitrogen 20kg per acre,
9~15kg of phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide 20kg.N-p-k ratio is 1:0.5:1, amount of application converts into urea 43kg, peroxophosphoric acid per acre
75~125kg of calcium, potassium chloride 33kg.Young garden should apply purity nitrogen 30kg, phosphorus pentoxide 20kg, potassium oxide 30kg per acre, nitrogen,
Phosphorus potassium ratio is 1:0.7:1.Dose converts into urea 65kg, calcium superphosphate 166kg, potassium chloride 50kg per acre.According to investigations, fruit at present
In the fertilising of garden, nitrogen, Phosphorus fertilizer usage are excessive, and K Amounts are insufficient, should control nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer dosage, increase Potassium Fertilizer.Fertilising
Method be also slightly different, base manure is the most important fertilization mode in orchard, the technical requirements of " early, full, complete, deep, even " should be followed,
It is suitable for bottom application in late September to October to enter, it is the sooner the better in this period.Base manure is based on farmyard manure, mating part quick-actingization
Fertilizer.The high-quality farmyard manure of 1.5~2.0kg should be applied by every production 1kg apple to be calculated, annual every plant of young garden is applied farm manure
50~100kg increases, the orchard of every per mu yield 2000kg or more with the increase of the age of tree and result quantities, applies farmyard manure per acre
Doses will reach the requirement of how many fertilizer of how many fruit.Cooperate urea 30kg, calcium superphosphate 80kg.Treelet uses " annular groove when fertilising
Excute a law ", it is carried out in conjunction with disk is expanded, 20~30cm of furrow width, 20~30cm of ditch depth are extended to the outside year by year." radial canal " is used at age tree
Or " bar ditch " fertilization method, 30~40cm of furrow width, 30~40cm of ditch depth, earthing after fertilising.Top dressing follows the skill of " suitable, shallow, skilful, even "
Art requirement, generally twice every year.First time soil thaw after to before rudiment, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, supplemented by phosphate fertilizer；Second in bud
Differentiation and fruit expanding period supplemented by nitrogenous fertilizer, are used in mixed way based on phosphorus, potash fertilizer.Top dressing can promote fruit tree bud, open before rudiment
Flower improves fruit-setting rate and promotes young sprout growth.Generally based on nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, diammonium can be selected, applied using cave, apply 30kg per acre.
Fruit expanding period top dressing can increase yield and the sugar content of fruit, promote coloring, improve hardness.This time top dressing is selected based on potassium
Cave is applied or " well " word ditch is shallowly applied, and applies potassium chloride 40kg, diammonium 5kg per acre.The general every per mu yield control in apple orchard 2000~
2500kg, whole year answer 18~23kg of nitrogen topdressing, pure 20~25kg of phosphorus, pure 25~30kg of potassium.Foliage-spray, it is raw in fruit tree nutrition
For a long time, based on Spraying nitrogen, concentration answer it is relatively low, as urea be 0.3%~0.5%；In the Growing season later period, to spray phosphorus, potash fertilizer is
Main, concentration can be higher, such as sprays 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sprays 0.5%~0.7% urea.Florescence can spray (0.2%~0.3%)
Nitrogen, boron fertilizer, calcium or photosynthetic micro- fertilizer.
Annual orchard foliage-spray carries out 2~3 times, mainly supplement phosphorus, potassium a great number of elements, calcium, magnesium moderate-element and boron,
The microelements such as iron, violent, zinc.Apple replenish the calcium crucial critical period (five weeks third Zhou Zhi after fallen flowers) even spray 2 calcium treasured 600~
800 times of liquid are spaced 10 days.(fruit bagging inner bag is except after) uses the extraordinarily potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300 of calcium treasured 600~800 30 days before fruit picking
It sprays again 1 time, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, maintain the balance of microelement, prevent the diseases such as apple calcium deficiency pox spots disease and bitter pit
Generation.
Number of patent application is in the prior art：201711047287.3 patent application in be directed to contemporary standard orchard intelligence
The low problem of management degree can be changed, towards planted in different ecological areas and land occupation condition, using orchards such as apple, citrus as research object, root
According to growth and development of fruit tree, liquid manure demand and pest and disease damage pests occurrence rule, using the multiple sensors across space scale and time scale
Comprehensive multi-level perception is carried out to fruit tree canopy and flowers and fruits information, cooperates modern technology of Internet of things research, by multi-source heterogeneous
The depth integration of data realizes and perceives to the comprehensive fining of fruit tree canopy characteristic and local feature, and using sensor and
Depth camera collects different phase, different types of information establishes fruit tree growth multi-level big data sample database spanning space-time, by
This building runs through root-crown- flower-fruit, quality, pest and disease damage data perception and the acquisition system of the full growth cycle of fruit tree.To fixed
Camera collection terminal adds mobile platform, the track arranged in pairs or groups in orchard, realize quickly, comprehensively, efficiently to all fruit trees individual
Information collection, the perfect function of contemporary standard orchard sensory perceptual system, improves the intelligent level in orchard, has enriched big number
According to sample content.On big data basis abundant, by canopy information, the flowers and fruits information for running through the full growth cycle of fruit tree
With the data mining and Multi-source Information Fusion of the big data cloud platform of pressures on ecology and environment, formed multi-source heterogeneous mass data
The intelligent decision system of the fining management and control measures of the autonomous inference pattern of line, orchard establishing canopy and flowers and fruits, and it is further proposed that
The new model of the orchard production of intelligent management.This has been established by high-end information collection and analysis means in the prior art
Standby Database Systems carry out the guidance of Cultivate administration, but its range being related to is too extensive, are not directed to specific soil environment
The offer of special analysis and instruction is provided, therefore there is the missing for the guidance program made to measure.
In view of the above problems of the prior art, the application uses following technical scheme.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis, pass through
The analysis from multi-angles such as geographical location, climatic environment, usage history, composition detections to soil conditions, in conjunction with current plantation
The stage of apple carries out rational application of fertilizer maintenance and suggests, while being directed to different apple varieties and different lineaments, and drop
Once purposes, the suggestion of the specific fertilising ingredient and time of progress achieve the effect that make to measure for rainfall and soil.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme：
A kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis, it is characterised in that including：Apple cultivation Orchard Soil information
Collection module, analysis module, maintenance plan generation module, further include server database, pass through server count between each module
Data sharing is carried out according to library.
Data between each module are interrelated, and the outcome data of each step is all used as the calculation basis of next step.
Apple cultivation Orchard Soil information collection module data collected include that soil nutrient, soil types, organic matter contain
Amount, location information, wherein location information is for obtaining climate change scenario, while soil information collecting module also links to geography
Information database obtains the relevant information in the geographical location.
The relevant information in geographical location includes history temperature, history illumination, history rainfall, history soil service condition.
The data that analysis module combination apple cultivation Orchard Soil information collection module provides carry out Soil Suitability analysis, knot
Close temperature, illumination, rainfall, history soil purposes factor carry out the soil whether be suitable for apple cultivation deterministic parsing.
Apple cultivation Orchard Soil information collection module includes the chemical examination of soil nutrient, carries out the various nutrients in soil
Chemical examination.
Chemical examination content includes organic matter (Orga), soil acidity or alkalinity (pH), the nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K),
The soil textures such as sand grains (C_Sand), powder (C_Silt), sticking grain (C_Clay), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), copper (Cu),
Microelements and the pesticide residues such as zinc (Zn).
Maintenance plan generation module is believed according to the content of soil analysis, suitability analysis, usage history in combination with geography
The temperature that there is provided in breath database, illumination, rainfall environmental factor generate and are suitble to the maintenance plan of the range, specifically include basis
The apple development stage combines the nutritional ingredient lacked in soil to be supplemented, carries out the benefit of element-specific in conjunction with history service condition
It fills, carry out fertilization time suggestion in conjunction with rainfall distribution time and lineament.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The specific soil regime for understanding planting site is collected by soil information, helps Cultivate administration person scientific maintenance soil.
Detailed description of the invention
System architecture diagram Fig. 1 of the invention
By the analysis from multi-angles such as geographical location, climatic environment, usage history, composition detections to soil conditions,
Rational application of fertilizer maintenance suggestion is carried out in conjunction with the stage of current plantation apple, while being directed to different apple varieties and different landform
Once purposes, the suggestion of the specific fertilising ingredient and time of progress reach the effect made to measure for feature and rainfall and soil
Fruit.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not
It is limited to this：
Embodiment 1：
Certain farmer uses the plantation of the systematic direction apple, is obtained in current soil by effective detection means
The content of various composition specifically includes organic matter (Orga), soil acidity or alkalinity (pH), the nutrition member such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K)
Element, the soil textures such as sand grains (C_Sand), powder (C_Silt), sticking grain (C_Clay), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), copper
(Cu), the information such as microelements and pesticide residue such as zinc (Zn).
After inputting the geographical location of this area in systems, system provides current apple garden automatically and is mainly distributed on distance
Within water source 1Km, the area of annual precipitation 700-850mm；For temperature and illumination condition, fruit phase day and night temperature is greater than 10
DEG C, -4.5 to -6.5 DEG C, year sunshine of dormant period lowest temperature be no less than 2500h；For edaphic condition, apple tree has been concentrated mainly on
The nutriments such as machine matter, N P and K are higher, persticide residue is few subacidity, weakly alkaline slope proluvial brown earth, moisture soil class type ring
In border；For orographic condition, belonging to the gentle slope area below height above sea level 200m is main distributed area.
The condition in conjunction with needed for apple development, temperature like anti-general 7 degree of 30c low temperature of Cold and cool climate natural dormancy energy or less
Smooth it can spend dormant period within 1400 hours, illumination enjoys light year sunshine 2000 hours or less, moisture happiness drying requires annual precipitation
500-800mm, humidity 70 is hereinafter, P in soil H5.5-6.
The natural conditions of this area meet the requirements.
In conjunction with the land use situation of this area, this area is suitable for the expansion for carrying out cultivated area of the apple, and gives conjunction
The topological analysis of reason schemes, while giving the suggestion period of fertilising maintenance according to the growth cycle of apple, and the peasant household is by making
Apple cultivation garden has rationally been expanded with the system and lasting good Apple is obtained by targetedly measures of fertilizer
Yield.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis, it is characterised in that including：Apple cultivation Orchard Soil information is received
Collect module, analysis module, maintenance plan generation module, further includes server database, pass through server data between each module
Library carries out data sharing.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the data between each module are interrelated, the number of each step
The calculation basis of next step is all used as according to achievement.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that apple cultivation Orchard Soil information collection module data collected
Including soil nutrient, soil types, the content of organic matter, location information, wherein location information is for obtaining climate change scenario, together
When soil information collecting module also link to geographic information database, obtain the relevant information in the geographical location.
4. system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the relevant information in geographical location include history temperature, history illumination,
History rainfall, history soil service condition.
5. system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that analysis module combination apple cultivation Orchard Soil information collection module mentions
The data of confession carry out Soil Suitability analysis, and in conjunction with temperature, illumination, rainfall, history soil purposes factor carries out the soil is
The deterministic parsing of no suitable apple cultivation.
6. system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that apple cultivation Orchard Soil information collection module includes soil nutrient
Chemical examination carries out the chemical examination of the various nutrients in soil.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that chemical examination content includes organic matter (Orga), soil acidity or alkalinity (pH),
The nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), the soil textures such as sand grains (C_Sand), powder (C_Silt), sticking grain (C_Clay),
Microelements and the pesticide residues such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn).
8. system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that maintenance plan generation module is analyzed according to the content of soil, is suitable for
Property analysis, usage history in combination with provided in geographic information database temperature, illumination, rainfall environmental factor generate be suitble to
The maintenance plan of the range specifically includes and combines the nutritional ingredient lacked in soil to be supplemented, tied according to the apple development stage
History service condition is closed to carry out the supplement of element-specific, build in conjunction with rainfall distribution time and lineament progress fertilization time
View.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810691506.XA CN108901543A (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | A kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810691506.XA CN108901543A (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | A kind of apple cultivation management system based on soil analysis |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109766380A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 山东丰信农业服务连锁有限公司 | A kind of agricultural planting pesticide evolution method and system based on internet and artificial intelligence |
| CN111722561A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-29 | 湖南杨氏鲜果有限公司 | Intelligent garden management and control system |
| CN113748811A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-07 | 江西叶必绿生化科技有限公司 | Fertilization decision method based on soil hardness and fertilizer utilization rate of red soil orchard |
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| CN102413161A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-04-11 | 西北农林科技大学 | Apple garden accurate management system |
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| CN106248523A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 合肥若涵信智能工程有限公司 | Soil monitoring system based on internet of things |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN101661664A (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-03-03 | 西安迅腾科技有限责任公司 | Orchard planting monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks and monitoring method thereof |
| CN102413161A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-04-11 | 西北农林科技大学 | Apple garden accurate management system |
| CN103955861A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-30 | 广西力源宝科技有限公司 | Intelligent eucalyptus fertilizer applying system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109766380A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 山东丰信农业服务连锁有限公司 | A kind of agricultural planting pesticide evolution method and system based on internet and artificial intelligence |
| CN111722561A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-29 | 湖南杨氏鲜果有限公司 | Intelligent garden management and control system |
| CN113748811A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-07 | 江西叶必绿生化科技有限公司 | Fertilization decision method based on soil hardness and fertilizer utilization rate of red soil orchard |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |
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