CN108849875A - A kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent, preparation method and applications preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop - Google Patents
A kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent, preparation method and applications preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849875A CN108849875A CN201810867595.9A CN201810867595A CN108849875A CN 108849875 A CN108849875 A CN 108849875A CN 201810867595 A CN201810867595 A CN 201810867595A CN 108849875 A CN108849875 A CN 108849875A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/12—Powders or granules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N49/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/24—Lauraceae [Laurel family], e.g. laurel, avocado, sassafras, cinnamon or camphor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent, preparation method and applications for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop, the controlled release agent is directly to adsorb bactericidal natural source plants essential oil by molding biology base porous carbon materials and its ingredient is constituted.Preparation of the present invention has fine control efficiency to the silborne fungal diseases of the various crops such as wheat, rape, cotton, soybean, vegetables, tea tree, fruit tree, Chinese medicine, bacteriosis and root knot nematode disease, fine controlled capability is especially shown as, lasting effect was up to 40 days or more.The method of administration that this preparation is used to prevent and treat soil-borne disease of crop is simple, earthing after directly spreading fertilizer over the fields in soil.It is preparation processing simple process of the present invention, solvent-free and emulsifier, safe and environment-friendly；And without recycling after applying, the biology base porous carbon materials being stranded in soil also have passivation heavy metal-polluted soil, increase the multiple functions such as the soil organism, enhancing water retention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant pest management technical field more particularly to a kind of biology bases for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop
Porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent, preparation method and applications.
Background technique
In numerous plant diseases, the harm of soil-borne disease of crop worldwide aggravates year by year, seriously restricts the world
Sustainable development of agricultural production.The generation tool concealment of soil-borne disease of crop has very strong infectiousness, fulminant and destructiveness,
Therefore, soil-borne disease is administered very difficult.The higher cost of existing related physical smoked kill Prevention Technique, low value-added crop are not easy
In popularization；The Techniques For Chemical Control of such as seed coat agent, chemical pesticide pouring root and chemical pesticide fumigation can lead to soil chemistry
Pesticide residual contamination destroys the problems such as atmosphere and generation toxic gas.
In view of environment and health risk, reduces chemical pesticide usage amount and have become world's common recognition；China also proposed chemical agriculture
Medicine, which subtracts, applies synergy strategy.Reducing one of approach that chemical pesticide uses can be realized by improving chemical pesticide bioavilability,
Most effective one measure first is that setting about realizing its control release from the formulations of pesticide；Reduction chemical pesticide uses another effective
Approach is to seek the new chemical agriculture of the novel complete substitution of bioactive substance face exploitation from native compound existing for nature
The natural source pesticide of medicine.The series of problems that difficulty and current control method in view of soil-borne disease prevention and treatment generate, it is high to find environmental protection
The substitution soil fumigant of effect has become the hot spot of research.Seek new bioactivity from volatile compound existing for plant
Substance simultaneously realizes that its control release is to develop the effective way of novel environment friendly soil-borne disease control agent.
Various plants essential oil and its ingredient have bactericidal activity to corresponding plants pathogen, if kamuning essential oil is to anthrax class disease
Bacterium has good inhibiting effect, and eucalyptus robusta, Pogostemon cablin, oil of Cymbopogon winterianus have the various plants disease fungus such as beading reaping hook germ
Obvious inhibiting effect, thyme, lavender, rosemary, fennel and laurin oil have inhibiting effect to various plants pathogen.
The ingredients such as citral, geraniol, citronellol, cinnamic acid, perillaldehyde in plants essential oil have the bacteriostatic activity of wide spectrum, Duo Zhongzhi
Monoterpene phenols in object essential oil, as eugenol, carvacrol, carvacrol, eugenol, wild marjoram perfume (or spice) phenol, Thymol have compared with
Strong antibacterial activity.Plants essential oil and its monomer component are good to related plant disease indoor biometrics activity, but field often occur
Between preventive effect difference problem, main cause is plants essential oil and its ingredient tool volatility, and traditional spray method is applied to plant surface
Afterwards, related activity ingredient comparatively fast volatilizees.
Therefore, following three need to be solved using the medicament of plants essential oil and its ingredient exploitation prevention and treatment plant soil-borne diseases to ask
Topic：(1) how control release is carried out to guarantee its preventive effect to the good plants essential oil of activity and its monomer component；(2) it is processed
Preparation have maximum safety to people, animal and environment；(3) method of administration is simple, laggard particularly without being diluted with water
Row spraying operation.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in the existing control method of plant soil-borne diseases and plants essential oil pesticidal preparations there are aiming at the problem that, mention
For a kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop, controlled release agent processing technology letter of the invention
It is single, bactericidal plants essential oil is directly adsorbed by shaped granular biology base porous carbon materials and its ingredient is constituted, and is suitable for big
The industrialization production of scale.Preparation of the present invention is to wheat, rape, cotton, soybean, vegetables, tea tree, fruit tree, Chinese medicine etc.
Silborne fungal diseases, bacteriosis and the root knot nematode disease of various crop have fine control efficiency, especially show as fine controlled release
Property, lasting effect was up to 40 days or more, the particularly suitable application in plant soil-borne diseases prevention and control field.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop, the controlled release agent are given birth to by molding
Object base porous carbon materials directly adsorb bactericidal natural source plants essential oil and its ingredient is constituted.
The biology base porous carbon materials are completed state as a preferred technical solution, include cube particle, cylindrical body
Particle and spherical granules；Wherein the biology base includes corresponding plants abandoned biomass, includes trees stem branches and leaves, sawdust, grain
Oily crop tangerine bar and its industrial wood waste, pruning fruit tree branches and leaves, Fruit Peel and kernel, tea bush trimmer branches and leaves, tea stalk, oil plant work
Object slag or cake, bagasse, Chinese medicine slag, discarded edible mushroom slag, extra large sample plant waste.
The long * wide * high of the cube particle=1-5cm*0.5-1.5cm*0.5-1.5cm as a preferred technical solution,；Institute
Stating cylindrical body particle round bottom diameter is 0.3-3cm, and a height of 0.5-5cm, spherical granules diameter are 0.4-2cm；The trees stem
Branches and leaves are arbor, shrub, woody climber and bamboo class；The grain and oil crop tangerine bar industrial wood waste is peanut shell, beanpod, corn
Core, rice husk.
The essential oil is one of excellent natural source plants essential oil of bactericidal activity or two as a preferred technical solution,
The mixture of kind any of the above ratio includes fruit of cubeb litsea tree oil, citronella oil, cinnamon essential oil, clove oil, Basil Essential, deodar essence
Oil, fennel oil, Geranium Essential, eucalyptus oil, Blumea oil, asarum essential oil, fruit of summer cypress essential oil, Lavender, garlic oil, Fructus Forsythiae
Oil, incised notopterygium oil, selinum oil, nutgrass galingale oil, croton oil, cajaput oils, Rhizoma Chuanxiong essential oil, Rhizoma Et Radix Notopterygii essential oil, Rosemary Oil, catnip oil,
Pogostemon cablin essential, peppermint oil, oreodaphene, Herba Origani Vulgaris quintessence oil, kamuning essential oil, thyme essential oil；The derived essential oil is that sterilization is lived
Property the arbitrary proportion mixing of one or more of excellent natural source plant-derived essential oil or its be dissolved in the plant essence
The composition of oil；Include citral, geraniol, citronellol, cinnamic acid, perillaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, carvacrol, Ding Zi
Fragrant phenol, wild marjoram perfume (or spice) phenol, Thymol, allicin, Osthole.
The present invention also provides a kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled releases for preparing the prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop
The method of agent, the method include self-forming and rear molding.
1) self-forming porous carbon materials preparation step is as follows as a preferred technical solution,：
Dry biological material is crushed, screening, weighs a certain amount of tea tree branches and leaves or tea stalk crushes and screens object and other
One or more kinds of biological materials crush and screen object mixing, are compressed into certain specification and shape with powder compressing machine, will be at
Type object is put into calcinating container, is protection gas with nitrogen, is obtained after heating roasting certain time and natural cooling in tube type resistance furnace
To molding char-forming material, molding char-forming material is dipped in activator after a certain period of time, is protection gas with nitrogen, in tubular electric resistance
Heating roasts certain time in furnace, is washed with deionized water after natural cooling to neutrality, is dried to obtain molding porous active carbon materials
Material；
2) molding porous carbon materials preparation step is as follows afterwards：
Dry biological material is crushed, screening, weighs a certain amount of biological material and crush and screen object and be put into calcinating container
It is interior, it is protection gas with nitrogen, heating roasts certain time in tube type resistance furnace, obtains biomass carbonization material after natural cooling
Material mixes biomass carbonization material, activator and solvent, with nitrogen to protect gas after preliminarily dried, in tube type resistance furnace
Heating roasts certain time, is cleaned, is then washed with deionized water to neutrality, through being dried to obtain powder with related solution after natural cooling
The binder and water of certain content are added in powdery porous carbon materials, stirs evenly at room temperature, utilizes pressure for shape porous carbon materials
Certain specification and shape is made in piece machine and pelletizer, be then placed into 105 DEG C of drying in oven to get molding porous carbon materials,
It is finally placed in 220 DEG C of electrothermal furnace and is heat-treated certain time, form porous carbon materials after being pyrolyzed after cooling.
Preparation method 1 as a preferred technical solution) the tea tree branches and leaves or tea stalk crush and screen object and it is other a kind of or
The mass ratio that two or more biological materials crush and screen object is 10:90-100:0；
Preparation method 1) and 2) certain specification and shape are mainly：The long * wide * high of cube particle=1-5cm*0.5-
1.5cm*0.5-1.5cm, cylindrical body particle round bottom diameter are 0.3-3cm, and a height of 0.5-5cm and spherical granules diameter are 0.4-
2cm；
Preparation method 1) and 2) in maturing temperature be 500-1000 DEG C；Calcining time is 1-2.5 hours；
Preparation method 1) described in activator be phosphoric acid solution or potassium ferrate aqueous solution；Handling the time is 12-48 hours；
Preparation method 2) described in activator be phosphoric acid, potassium hydroxide, zinc chloride or potassium ferrate, activator and carbonization material
The mass ratio of material is 10:90-90:10；
Preparation method 2) described in binder be one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, natural plant or attapulgite and
Two or more mixtures, porous carbon materials and binder mass ratio are 95:5-70:25.
Molding porous carbon materials are added to 24- in excessive plants essential oil or its ingredient as a preferred technical solution,
72h takes out moulding material after overanxious, and the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent packed up to prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop produces
Product.
The biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of the prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop is used as controlled release by the present invention
Type natural bactericidal agent.The soil of the various crops such as main prevention and treatment wheat, rape, cotton, soybean, vegetables, tea tree, fruit tree, Chinese medicine
Borne fungus diseases, bacteriosis and root knot nematode disease.
The biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop of the present invention is for preventing and treating correlation
The method of administration of soil-borne disease of crop directly spreads fertilizer over the fields the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop
The earthing in soil, when correlation when administration time can be 7-30 days before crop-planting, crop-planting or after crop-planting
In operated, amount of application mainly according to prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent specification with
Depending on shape and crop.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages and beneficial effect：
(1) present invention especially emphasizes that carbon material and derived essential oil used derive from corresponding plants, and raw material is renewable
Resource or agriculture and forestry organic waste material, abundance；Wherein phyteral porous carbon materials, which impose on after soil, not only will not cause dirt to soil
Dye, but also have passivation heavy metal-polluted soil, increase the soil organism and improve the multiple functions such as soil, enhancing water retention；
The features such as plants essential oil and its ingredient tool source are wide, smell is pleasant, less toxic, environmental-friendly, volatility is good, to people, animal and environment
Safety, does not generate residual.
(2) present invention using molding biology base porous carbon materials directly adsorb bactericidal plants essential oil and its at
Point, it effectively realizes the control release of plants essential oil and its ingredient and improves its bioavilability and the control efficiency to disease.
(3) compared with existing related pesticide slow-releasing agent, preparation processing simple process of the present invention, particularly without addition
Solvent and emulsifier, more safety and environmental protection.
(4) method of administration of the preparation of the present invention for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop is simple, directly spreads fertilizer over the fields in soil
Earthing afterwards, particularly without carrying out spraying operation after being diluted with water.
(5) present invention provides for the industrial application of the plant source essential oil and its ingredient of porous carbon materials and bactericidal activity
A kind of new approaches provide new method, with important application prospects and market for the highly effective and safe prevention and treatment of soil-borne disease of crop
Potentiality.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, a kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop
Agent, preparation method and applications, the controlled release agent are directly to adsorb bactericidal day by molding biology base porous carbon materials
Right source plants essential oil and its ingredient are constituted.Said preparation master directly adsorbs bactericidal plant by molding biology base porous carbon materials
Object essential oil and its ingredient are constituted.Preparation of the present invention is to wheat, rape, cotton, soybean, vegetables, tea tree, fruit tree, Chinese medicine
Etc. the silborne fungal diseases of various crops, bacteriosis and root knot nematode disease have fine control efficiency, especially show as controlling very well
The property released, lasting effect was up to 40 days or more.This preparation be used for prevent and treat soil-borne disease of crop method of administration it is simple, directly spread fertilizer over the fields in
Earthing after in soil.It is preparation processing simple process of the present invention, solvent-free and emulsifier, safe and environment-friendly；And after applying
Without recycling, the biology base porous carbon materials being stranded in soil also have passivation heavy metal-polluted soil, increase the soil organism, enhancing
The multiple functions such as water retention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop, the controlled release agent are given birth to by molding
Object base porous carbon materials directly adsorb bactericidal natural source plants essential oil and its ingredient is constituted.
The biology base porous carbon materials are completed state, include cube particle, cylindrical body particle and spherical granules；Its
Described in biology base include corresponding plants abandoned biomass, it is surplus comprising trees stem branches and leaves, sawdust, grain and oil crop tangerine bar and its processing
Excess, pruning fruit tree branches and leaves, Fruit Peel and kernel, tea bush trimmer branches and leaves, tea stalk, oil crops slag or cake, bagasse, Chinese medicine
Slag, discarded edible mushroom slag, extra large sample plant waste.
The long * wide * high of the cube particle=1-5cm*0.5-1.5cm*0.5-1.5cm；The cylindrical body particle round bottom is straight
Diameter is 0.3-3cm, and a height of 0.5-5cm, spherical granules diameter are 0.4-2cm；The trees stem branches and leaves are arbor, shrub, wood
Matter liana and bamboo class；The grain and oil crop tangerine bar industrial wood waste is peanut shell, beanpod, corncob, rice husk.
The essential oil is the mixed of one or more of the excellent natural source plants essential oil of bactericidal activity arbitrary proportion
Object is closed, fruit of cubeb litsea tree oil, citronella oil, cinnamon essential oil, clove oil, Basil Essential, deodar essential oil, fennel oil, fish pelargonium essence are included
Oil, eucalyptus oil, Blumea oil, asarum essential oil, fruit of summer cypress essential oil, Lavender, garlic oil, Fructus Forsythiae oil, incised notopterygium oil, frutus cnidii
Oil, nutgrass galingale oil, croton oil, cajaput oils, Rhizoma Chuanxiong essential oil, Rhizoma Et Radix Notopterygii essential oil, Rosemary Oil, catnip oil, Pogostemon cablin essential, peppermint
Oil, oreodaphene, Herba Origani Vulgaris quintessence oil, kamuning essential oil, thyme essential oil；The derived essential oil is that the excellent natural source of bactericidal activity is planted
The mixing of one or more of object derived essential oil arbitrary proportion or its composition for being dissolved in the plants essential oil；Include lemon
Lemon aldehyde, geraniol, citronellol, cinnamic acid, perillaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, carvacrol, eugenol, wild marjoram perfume (or spice) phenol, hundred
In fragrant phenol, allicin, Osthole.
The present invention also provides a kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled releases for preparing the prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop
The method of agent, the method include self-forming and rear molding.
1) self-forming porous carbon materials preparation step is as follows：
Dry biological material is crushed, screening, weighs a certain amount of tea tree branches and leaves or tea stalk crushes and screens object and other
One or more kinds of biological materials crush and screen object mixing, are compressed into certain specification and shape with powder compressing machine, will be at
Type object is put into calcinating container, is protection gas with nitrogen, is obtained after heating roasting certain time and natural cooling in tube type resistance furnace
To molding char-forming material, molding char-forming material is dipped in activator after a certain period of time, is protection gas with nitrogen, in tubular electric resistance
Heating roasts certain time in furnace, is washed with deionized water after natural cooling to neutrality, is dried to obtain molding porous active carbon materials
Material；
2) molding porous carbon materials preparation step is as follows afterwards：
Dry biological material is crushed, screening, weighs a certain amount of biological material and crush and screen object and be put into calcinating container
It is interior, it is protection gas with nitrogen, heating roasts certain time in tube type resistance furnace, obtains biomass carbonization material after natural cooling
Material mixes biomass carbonization material, activator and solvent, with nitrogen to protect gas after preliminarily dried, in tube type resistance furnace
Heating roasts certain time, is cleaned, is then washed with deionized water to neutrality, through being dried to obtain powder with related solution after natural cooling
The binder and water of certain content are added in powdery porous carbon materials, stirs evenly at room temperature, utilizes pressure for shape porous carbon materials
Certain specification and shape is made in piece machine and pelletizer, be then placed into 105 DEG C of drying in oven to get molding porous carbon materials,
It is finally placed in 220 DEG C of electrothermal furnace and is heat-treated certain time, form porous carbon materials after being pyrolyzed after cooling.
Preparation method 1) the tea tree branches and leaves or tea stalk crush and screen object and other one or more kinds of biological materials
The mass ratio for crushing and screening object is 10:90-100:0；
Preparation method 1) and 2) certain specification and shape are mainly：The long * wide * high of cube particle=1-5cm*0.5-
1.5cm*0.5-1.5cm, cylindrical body particle round bottom diameter are 0.3-3cm, and a height of 0.5-5cm and spherical granules diameter are 0.4-
2cm；
Preparation method 1) and 2) in maturing temperature be 500-1000 DEG C；Calcining time is 1-2.5 hours；
Preparation method 1) described in activator be phosphoric acid solution or potassium ferrate aqueous solution；Handling the time is 12-48 hours；
Preparation method 2) described in activator be phosphoric acid, potassium hydroxide, zinc chloride or potassium ferrate, activator and carbonization material
The mass ratio of material is 10:90-90:10；
Preparation method 2) described in binder be one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, natural plant or attapulgite and
Two or more mixtures, porous carbon materials and binder mass ratio are 95:5-70:25.
Molding porous carbon materials are added to 24-72h in excessive plants essential oil or its ingredient, take out forming material after overanxious
Material is packed up to the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent product of soil-borne disease of crop is prevented and treated.
The biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of the prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop is used as controlled release by the present invention
Type natural bactericidal agent.The soil of the various crops such as main prevention and treatment wheat, rape, cotton, soybean, vegetables, tea tree, fruit tree, Chinese medicine
Borne fungus diseases, bacteriosis and root knot nematode disease.
The biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop of the present invention is for preventing and treating correlation
The method of administration of soil-borne disease of crop directly spreads fertilizer over the fields the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop
The earthing in soil, when correlation when administration time can be 7-30 days before crop-planting, crop-planting or after crop-planting
In operated, amount of application mainly according to prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent specification with
Depending on shape and crop.
Substantive distinguishing features of the invention can be embodied from the following examples, but these embodiments are only used as explanation,
Rather than limit the invention in the scope of embodiments.
Example 1：
5 kinds of self-forming porous carbon materials preparations
In this embodiment, 5 kinds of self-forming porous carbon materials preparations are described in detail, wherein tea tree branches and leaves used or tea stalk powder
The quality that broken screening object (tea original washing powder) and other one or more kinds of biological materials crush and screen object is as shown in table 1.
1 tea original washing powder of table and other biomass powder dosages
The preparation method of above-mentioned controlled release agent 1-5 self-forming porous carbon materials is as described below：
It weighs according to the ratio and respectively crushes and screens object mixing, take a certain number of mixed-powders with powder compressing machine and be compressed into circle
Cylindricality (round bottom diameter is 1.8cm, a height of 1.5cm), molding is put into calcinating container, is protection gas with nitrogen, in tubular type electricity
500 DEG C of 2 small times of roasting are heated in resistance furnace, molding char-forming material is obtained after natural cooling.
Molding char-forming material obtained is dipped in phosphoric acid solution after 24 hours, is protection gas with nitrogen, in tubular electric resistance
It is heated to 900 DEG C in furnace to roast 1.5 hours, is washed with deionized water after natural cooling to neutrality, is dried to obtain cylindrical (round bottom
Diameter is about 1.5cm, and height is about 1.2cm) porous active carbon material controlled release agent 1-5.
Example 2：
Molding porous carbon materials preparation afterwards
In this embodiment, the preparation of porous carbon materials, wherein biomass carbonization material and work are formed after being described in detail 4 kinds
Agent dosage is as shown in table 2, and the dosage of porous carbon materials and binder is as shown in table 3.
The dosage of biomass carbonization material and activator in porous carbon materials preparation is formed after table 2.
The dosage of porous carbon materials and binder in porous carbon materials preparation is formed after table 3.
The preparation method of above-mentioned controlled release agent 6-9 molding porous carbon materials is as described below：
The biological material that 4 kinds are dry described in table 2 is crushed, screening, respectively weighs 100g screening object and be put into calcinating container, with
Nitrogen is protection gas, and 600 DEG C are heated in tube type resistance furnace and is roasted 2 hours, biomass carbonization material is obtained after natural cooling.
Each char-forming material, activator and water (50mL) mixing are weighed by quality described in table 2, with nitrogen is to protect after preliminarily dried
Gas is protected, 850 DEG C are heated in tube type resistance furnace and is roasted 2 hours, is cleaned after natural cooling with related solution, then uses deionization
It is washed to neutrality, is dried to obtain powdery porous carbon materials.
By the binder and water that certain content is added in quality powdery porous carbon materials described in table 3, stir evenly at room temperature,
It is 1cm spherical granules that diameter, which is made, using pelletizer, is then placed into 105 DEG C of drying in oven to get molding porous carbon
Material is finally placed in 220 DEG C of electrothermal furnace and is heat-treated certain time, forms porous carbon materials control after being pyrolyzed after cooling
Release agent 6-9.
Example 3：
The preparation of 9 kinds of controlled release agent formulations
In this embodiment, the preparation of 9 kinds of controlled release agent formulations, molding porous carbon materials controlled release agent 1 to controlled release is described in detail
Agent 9 and the corresponding combination of corresponding plants essential oil and ingredient are as shown in table 4.
The combination of porous carbon materials and plants essential oil and ingredient is respectively formed in 4. controlled release agent formulation of table
The preparation method of above-mentioned controlled release agent 1 to 9 preparation of controlled release agent is as described below：
It is added in plants essential oil or its ingredient by weighing molding porous carbon materials controlled release agent 1-9 described in table 4, adsorbs naturally
36 hours, moulding material is taken out after overanxious, is packed up to formulation products controlled release agent 1-9.
Example 4：Efficiency test of the invention formulation to related soil-borne disease
1：Efficiency test of the present invention to Fusarium solani
(1) reagent agent and its concentration：Controlled release agent 1-4 of the present invention totally 4 preparations.
(2) test method：Using pot-culture method, implement within 20 days before pepper cultivation, every processing sets 4 repetitions, each repetition 5
Basin, by controlled release agent 1-4 totally 4 preparations respectively take 2g be spread on be vaccinated in Fusarium Solani potting soil after blinding, separately set corresponding more
Hole carbon material controlled release agent 1-3 is control.Control group occurs after the 1st plant of morbidity seedling every 10 days 1 time and starts to adjust after Hot Pepper Seedling cultivation
Incidence is looked into, is investigated 3 times altogether.
(3) preventive effect result：5 the results are shown in Table to the preventive effect of Fusarium solani.
As shown in Table 5,4 controlled release agents prepared by the present invention, have good preventive effect, control group capsicum to Fusarium solani
After the onset of, and 4 processing groups are not fallen ill, and survival rate of seedlings is up to 100%.
Preventive effect of the table 5. to Fusarium solani
2：Efficiency test of the invention formulation to banana blight
(1) reagent agent and its concentration：Controlled release agent 5-9 of the present invention totally 5 preparations.
(2) test method：A certain amount of sterilized soil is added in flowerpot, and a certain amount of sickle-like bacteria system is inoculated with into sterilized soil
At the soil that carries disease germs, a certain amount of 5 preparations controlled release agent 5-9 is then applied, then cover a certain amount of sterilized soil, sets the training of moisturizing at room temperature
After supporting 7d, after the root system of banana seedlings is scratched, plant in basin；To form the processing of porous carbon materials controlled release agent 5-9 as blank
Control.Pot experiment 4 repetitions of every processing, 10 plants of seedling of every repetition.When blank control morbidity, primary investigation in every 7 days is everywhere
Diseased plant rate is managed, is investigated 3 times altogether.
(3) preventive effect result：6 the results are shown in Table to the preventive effect of banana blight.
Preventive effect of the table 6. to banana blight
As shown in Table 6,5 controlled release agent formulations prepared by the present invention, have good preventive effect, control group to banana blight
When banana blight disease incidence is up to 95%, and 5 processing group banana blight disease incidence are lower than 10%.
The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop, it is characterised in that：The controlled release agent
It is directly to adsorb bactericidal natural source plants essential oil by molding biology base porous carbon materials and its ingredient is constituted.
2. the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop, feature exist as described in claim 1
In：The biology base porous carbon materials are completed state, include cube particle, cylindrical body particle and spherical granules；Wherein institute
Stating biology base includes corresponding plants abandoned biomass, remaining comprising trees stem branches and leaves, sawdust, grain and oil crop tangerine bar and its processing
Object, pruning fruit tree branches and leaves, Fruit Peel and kernel, tea bush trimmer branches and leaves, tea stalk, oil crops slag or cake, bagasse, Chinese medicine
Slag, discarded edible mushroom slag, extra large sample plant waste.
3. the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop, feature exist as claimed in claim 2
In：The long * wide * high of the cube particle=1-5cm*0.5-1.5cm*0.5-1.5cm；The cylindrical body particle round bottom diameter is
0.3-3cm, a height of 0.5-5cm, spherical granules diameter are 0.4-2cm；The trees stem branches and leaves are arbor, shrub, wooden rattan
Sheet and bamboo class；The grain and oil crop tangerine bar industrial wood waste is peanut shell, beanpod, corncob, rice husk.
4. the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop, feature exist as described in claim 1
In：The essential oil is the mixture of one or more of the excellent natural source plants essential oil of bactericidal activity arbitrary proportion,
Include fruit of cubeb litsea tree oil, citronella oil, cinnamon essential oil, clove oil, Basil Essential, deodar essential oil, fennel oil, Geranium Essential, eucalyptus
Set oil, Blumea oil, asarum essential oil, fruit of summer cypress essential oil, Lavender, garlic oil, Fructus Forsythiae oil, incised notopterygium oil, selinum oil, rhizoma cyperi
Oil, croton oil, cajaput oils, Rhizoma Chuanxiong essential oil, Rhizoma Et Radix Notopterygii essential oil, Rosemary Oil, catnip oil, Pogostemon cablin essential, peppermint oil, laurel
Oil, Herba Origani Vulgaris quintessence oil, kamuning essential oil, thyme essential oil；The derived essential oil is the excellent natural source plants essential oil of bactericidal activity
The mixing of one or more of ingredient arbitrary proportion or its composition for being dissolved in the plants essential oil；Comprising citral,
Geraniol, citronellol, cinnamic acid, perillaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, carvacrol, eugenol, wild marjoram perfume (or spice) phenol, thyme
Phenol, allicin, Osthole.
5. a kind of biology base porous carbon of the prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop prepared as described in Claims 1-4 any claim
The method of plants essential oil controlled release agent, it is characterised in that：The method includes self-forming and rear molding.
6. preparation as claimed in claim 5, the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of the prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop
Method, it is characterised in that：
1) self-forming porous carbon materials preparation step is as follows：
Dry biological material is crushed, screening weighs a certain amount of tea tree branches and leaves or tea stalk crushes and screens object and other one kind
Or two or more biological materials crush and screen object mixing, certain specification and shape are compressed into powder compressing machine, by molding
It is put into calcinating container, is protection gas with nitrogen, is obtained into after heating roasting certain time and natural cooling in tube type resistance furnace
Molding char-forming material is dipped in activator after a certain period of time, is protection gas with nitrogen, in tube type resistance furnace by type char-forming material
Heating roasts certain time, is washed with deionized water after natural cooling to neutrality, is dried to obtain molding porous active carbon material；
2) molding porous carbon materials preparation step is as follows afterwards：
Dry biological material is crushed, screening, weighs a certain amount of biological material and crush and screen object and be put into calcinating container, with
Nitrogen is protection gas, and heating roasts certain time in tube type resistance furnace, obtains biomass carbonization material after natural cooling, will give birth to
Substance char-forming material, activator and solvent mix, and with nitrogen to protect gas after preliminarily dried, roasting is heated in tube type resistance furnace
Certain time is cleaned after natural cooling with related solution, is then washed with deionized water to neutrality, is dried to obtain powdery porous carbon
The binder and water of certain content are added in powdery porous carbon materials, stirs evenly at room temperature for material, using tablet press machine and make
Certain specification and shape is made in grain machine, is then placed into 105 DEG C of drying in oven to get molding porous carbon materials, finally places
In being heat-treated certain time in 220 DEG C of electrothermal furnace, porous carbon materials are formed after being pyrolyzed after cooling.
7. the side of the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of preparation prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop as claimed in claim 6
Method, it is characterised in that：Preparation method 1) the tea tree branches and leaves or tea stalk crush and screen object and other one or more kinds of biologies
The mass ratio that material crushes and screens object is 10:90-100:0；
Preparation method 1) and 2) certain specification and shape are mainly：The long * wide * high of cube particle=1-5cm*0.5-1.5cm*
0.5-1.5cm, cylindrical body particle round bottom diameter are 0.3-3cm, and a height of 0.5-5cm and spherical granules diameter are 0.4-2cm；
Preparation method 1) and 2) in maturing temperature be 500-1000 DEG C；Calcining time is 1-2.5 hours；
Preparation method 1) described in activator be phosphoric acid solution or potassium ferrate aqueous solution；Handling the time is 12-48 hours；
Preparation method 2) described in activator be phosphoric acid, potassium hydroxide, zinc chloride or potassium ferrate, activator and char-forming material
Mass ratio is 10:90-90:10；
Preparation method 2) described in binder be one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, natural plant or attapulgite and two kinds
Above mixture, porous carbon materials and binder mass ratio are 95:5-70:25.
8. the side of the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of preparation prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop as claimed in claim 6
Method, it is characterised in that：Molding porous carbon materials are added to 24-72h in excessive plants essential oil or its ingredient, are taken out after overanxious
Moulding material is packed up to the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent product of soil-borne disease of crop is prevented and treated.
9. the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent of soil-borne disease of crop will be prevented and treated described in claim 1-8 any one
It is used as control release type natural bactericidal agent.
10. preventing and treating the biology base porous carbon plants essential oil control of soil-borne disease of crop described in any one described in claim 1-8
Agent is released for preventing and treating the method for administration of respective crop soil-borne disease, it is characterised in that：The biology base of soil-borne disease of crop will be prevented and treated
Porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent directly spreads fertilizer over the fields the earthing in soil, and administration time can be 7-30 days before crop-planting, work
It is operated in correlation time when species are planted or after crop-planting, amount of application is mainly according to the biology of prevention and treatment soil-borne disease of crop
Depending on base porous carbon plants essential oil controlled release agent specification and shape and crop.
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