CN108522559A - One vegetative insecticide and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
One vegetative insecticide and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108522559A CN108522559A CN201810639978.0A CN201810639978A CN108522559A CN 108522559 A CN108522559 A CN 108522559A CN 201810639978 A CN201810639978 A CN 201810639978A CN 108522559 A CN108522559 A CN 108522559A
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- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000002568 Capsicum frutescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 240000000233 Melia azedarach Species 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000179886 Moringa oleifera Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011347 Moringa oleifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000255985 Trichoplusia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxo-n-phenylbutanamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(C(=O)C)N=NC1=CC=C(C)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000170059 Myrciaria cauliflora Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006992 Myrciaria cauliflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001506304 Kadsura japonica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000167230 Lonicera japonica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017617 Lonicera japonica Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract 7
- 241001367013 Ctenoplusia agnata Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 208000030852 Parasitic disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000255972 Pieris <butterfly> Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
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- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 8
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- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical group COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 241001570521 Lonicera periclymenum Species 0.000 description 4
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000246044 Sophora flavescens Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
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- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 2
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- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000245240 Lonicera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005151 Schinus molle Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013880 Schinus terebinthifolius var. raddianus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000255993 Trichoplusia ni Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007059 acute toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000403 acute toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/16—Ericaceae [Heath or Blueberry family], e.g. rhododendron, arbutus, pieris, cranberry or bilberry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/26—Meliaceae [Chinaberry or Mahogany family], e.g. mahogany, langsat or neem
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to vegetative insecticides and its preparation method and application.The component of the wherein described vegetable insecticide includes pieris, azedarach, kuh-seng, capsicum, washing powder；The preparation method of the vegetable insecticide includes：Heat carries：Pieris, azedarach, kuh-seng, capsicum are shredded into mixing, adds water heating extracting, filters, obtain filtrate, mix and convert：Washing powder is added into filtrate, vegetable insecticide is made；The present invention also provides purposes of the vegetable insecticide in terms of preventing three-spotted plusia parasitosis, are particularly suitable for the three-spotted plusia parasitosis of prevention purple perilla and honeysuckle.The vegetable insecticide that vegetable insecticide provided by the invention and preparation method provided by the invention obtain has good disinsection effect, efficient, the advantages of insecticide toxicity is low, degradable, low-residual, the preparation method safe operation of vegetable insecticide provided by the invention, the advantages of being readily produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides for plants such as crops, fruits and vegetables, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the like, and particularly relates to a botanical pesticide as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Pests are known to be harmful to crops, especially those eating leaves and fruits of crops. Since ancient greek and roman times, attempts have been made to combat pests with botanical insecticides. Pesticides refer to agents that kill pests. The use of the insecticide goes through several stages in sequence: natural pesticides and inorganic compounds were first discovered, but they were single acting, large in dose, and short in duration; organic synthetic plant insecticides, such as organochlorines, organophosphates and carbamates, are characterized by high efficacy and low residue, with many species having high acute toxicity to mammals.
The requirement of modern people on the safety of the pesticide is increasingly improved, and a series of new requirements are faced while the global pesticide industry is continuously developed. The pesticide used for years in the past causes pollution of different degrees to the environment, human beings and livestock, so that the requirements of the international society on pesticide such as high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue, no pollution and the like are higher and higher, and the pesticide is particularly obvious in the pesticide industry. With the further improvement of the awareness of food safety and environmental protection, the varieties and the range of high-toxicity and high-residue insecticides are further limited, and the insecticides which are efficient, low-toxicity, environment-friendly and not easy to generate drug resistance are more and more widely applied.
The botanical insecticide is prepared by extracting effective components from plants with special insecticidal effect, and adding auxiliary agents to dissolve the effective components. Compared with chemical insecticides, plant insecticides are essentially different in the source of active ingredients, industrial production approaches, insecticidal and disease-preventing mechanisms and action modes of products and the like.
Therefore, the research on the high-efficiency, low-toxicity, easily-degradable and low-residue botanical insecticide is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency, low-toxicity, easily-degradable and low-residue botanical insecticide, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention provides a botanical insecticide, which comprises the following components: kadsura root, chinaberry bark, lightyellow sophora root, hot pepper and washing powder. Although the proportion and the amount of each component are not indicated in the botanical insecticide according to one embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand that any proportion containing these components can achieve the purpose of the present invention and solve the technical problem to be solved by the present invention.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the washing powder is commercially available phosphorus-free washing powder, wherein cheap phosphorus-free washing powder is preferable. As an alternative to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the washing powder may be replaced by a laundry detergent.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the plant pesticide comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of drumstick tree, 1-5 parts of cortex meliae, 1-5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 0.2-2 parts of hot pepper and 0.1-2 parts of washing powder.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the botanical insecticide component comprises cattail pollen powder. Preferably, the pollen Typhae powder is 0.1-2 weight parts.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the botanical insecticide comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of drumstick tree, 1 part of chinaberry bark, 1 part of radix sophorae flavescentis, 0.5 part of hot pepper, 0.2 part of washing powder and 0.2 part of pollen typhae powder.
The preparation method of the botanical insecticide provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
hot extraction: cutting and mixing cortex Meliae, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, and Capsici fructus, adding extraction solvent, heating for extraction, filtering to obtain filtrate, wherein the extraction solvent is water,
mixing: adding washing powder into the filtrate to obtain the plant pesticide,
as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method of the botanical insecticide further comprises:
soaking: wrapping pollen Typhae powder in a gauze bag, soaking in 50-90% ethanol solution for 0.5-5 hr, and taking out the gauze bag to obtain soaking solution; and hot extracting the soaking solution as an extraction solvent. The method comprises the following steps of soaking pollen typhae powder in water, soaking the pollen typhae powder in water, wherein 70% ethanol is used in the soaking step as a preferred technical scheme of the method, the soaking time is 1 hour, and the ethanol solution used in the soaking step is used in an amount capable of immersing the pollen typhae powder.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the preparation method of the botanical insecticide, the adding amount of the extraction solvent in the hot extraction step is that each component which is cut and uniformly mixed can be immersed.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the preparation method of the botanical insecticide, the heating temperature in the hot extraction step is 40-90 ℃, and the heating temperature is maintained for 0.5-3 h. Wherein, as the preferable technical proposal of the invention, the heating temperature in the hot extracting step is 85-90 ℃ and is maintained for 1 h.
In the preparation method of the botanical insecticide, the washing powder is added, and then the water is added to the pesticide until the weight of the pesticide is 16 times of the average weight of the jaboticaba, the cortex meliae and the radix sophorae flavescentis.
The invention also provides the application of the botanical insecticide in the aspect of preventing and treating the trichoplusia agnata disease.
As the preferable technical scheme, the application of the botanical insecticide provided by the invention is particularly suitable for preventing and treating the cabbage looper disease of purple perilla and honeysuckle.
The plant insecticide containing the components provided by the invention has the advantages that the components are matched with each other, the synergistic effect is remarkable, the insecticidal effect is good, long-term research and use of the inventor show that the plant insecticide can effectively kill diseases and insects within 48 hours, and the insecticidal efficiency is high. In addition, the botanical insecticide provided by the invention uses Chinese medicinal materials or foods such as Piper methysticum, cortex meliae, radix sophorae flavescentis, capsicum and the like, so that the botanical insecticide has the characteristics of low toxicity and easy degradation; the botanical insecticide provided by the invention only uses washing powder as an auxiliary component, so that the botanical insecticide has the characteristics of low residue and environmental friendliness. Therefore, the botanical insecticide prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has the characteristics of good insecticidal effect, high efficiency, low toxicity, easy degradation and low residue. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the botanical insecticide provided by the invention has the characteristics of safe operation and easy production.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the objects, technical solutions and technical points of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given so that the present invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the examples set forth herein and defined by the appended claims.
The specific proportions, experimental procedures or conditions which are not indicated in the following examples can be completed by the ordinary experimental procedures or conditions described in the common general knowledge and technical literature of the field by those skilled in the art, and the purpose of the present invention can be achieved, and the technical problems to be solved by the present invention can be solved. The reagents used are not indicated by manufacturers, and can be obtained by conventional reagent products on the market.
If not specially marked, the components of the botanical insecticide are in weight ratio, the ethanol is in volume concentration, and the washing powder is a common washing powder sold in the market. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the washing powder is commercially available phosphorus-free washing powder, wherein cheap phosphorus-free washing powder is preferable, because the national standard can meet the requirements of the invention on the content of the surfactant in the washing powder, and simultaneously, the cheap insecticide contains relatively few washing assistant components, synergistic components, essence and other additional components, thereby being more environment-friendly. As an alternative technical scheme of the invention, the washing powder can be replaced by a laundry detergent.
The plant pesticide provided by one technical scheme of the invention does not need to indicate the proportion and the dosage of each component, and a person skilled in the art can understand that any proportion containing the components can achieve the aim of the invention and solve the technical problem to be solved by the invention.
Example 1Botanical insecticide 1 formulation
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 1kg of Piper methysticum, 1kg of Chinaberry bark, 1kg of radix sophorae flavescentis, 0.5kg of hot pepper and 0.2kg of washing powder.
Example 2Preparation method of plant insecticide 1
The preparation method of the plant pesticide 1 of the present embodiment includes the steps of:
cutting the drumstick tree, the chinaberry bark, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper with the formula amount in the embodiment 1 into pieces with the longest length or the longest diameter smaller than 1cm, uniformly mixing, adding 10L of water to immerse the cut and uniformly mixed components, extracting, filtering to obtain filtrate, and adding washing powder into the filtrate to obtain the botanical insecticide.
Example 3Plant insecticide 2 formula
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 1kg of Piper methysticum, 5kg of Chinaberry bark, 1kg of radix sophorae flavescentis, 1kg of hot pepper and 0.5kg of washing powder.
Example 4Preparation method of plant insecticide 2
The preparation method of the botanical insecticide 2 of this example includes the following steps:
mixing the drumstick tree, the chinaberry bark, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper according to the formula amount in the embodiment 3, chopping the mixture into the longest length or the longest diameter of the mixture to be less than 1cm, adding 8L of water to immerse the components which are uniformly chopped, heating the components to 85 ℃, soaking and extracting the components for 1 hour, filtering the components to obtain filtrate, and adding washing powder into the filtrate to obtain the botanical insecticide.
Example 5Plant insecticide 3 formula
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 5kg of drumstick tree, 5kg of melia azedarach, 1kg of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2kg of hot pepper and 0.1kg of washing powder.
Example 6Preparation method of botanical insecticide 3
Mixing the drumstick tree, the chinaberry bark, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper in the formula amount in the embodiment 5, chopping into the longest length or the longest diameter of the mixture to be less than 2cm, adding 10L of water to immerse the components which are uniformly chopped, heating to 45 ℃, soaking and extracting for 3 hours, filtering to obtain filtrate, and adding washing powder into the filtrate to obtain the botanical insecticide.
Example 7Botanical insecticide 4 formula
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 1kg of Piper methysticum, 1kg of Chinaberry bark, 5kg of radix sophorae flavescentis, 1.5kg of hot pepper and 0.1kg of washing powder.
Example 8Preparation method of botanical insecticide 4
Mixing the Pistacia chinensis, the Chinaberry bark, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper according to the formula amount in the example 7, chopping the mixture into the longest length or the longest diameter of the mixture to be less than 5cm, adding 10L of water to immerse the components which are uniformly chopped and mixed, heating the components to 90 ℃, soaking and extracting the components for 0.5h, filtering the components to obtain filtrate, and adding washing powder into the filtrate to obtain the botanical insecticide.
Example 9Plant insecticide 5 formula
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 1kg of Piper methysticum, 1kg of Chinaberry bark, 5kg of radix sophorae flavescentis, 0.2kg of hot pepper and 2kg of washing powder.
Example 10Preparation method of botanical insecticide 5
Mixing the Pistacia chinensis, the Chinaberry bark, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper according to the formula amount in the example 9, chopping the mixture into the longest length or the longest diameter of the mixture to be less than 4cm, adding 10L of water to immerse the components which are uniformly chopped into the mixture, heating the mixture to 60 ℃, soaking and extracting the mixture for 1.5h, filtering the mixture to obtain filtrate, and adding washing powder into the filtrate to obtain the botanical insecticide.
Example 11Plant insecticide 6 formula
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 1kg of kadsura longepedunculata, 1kg of melia azedarach, 1kg of sophora flavescens, 0.2kg of capsicum, 0.2kg of pollen typhae powder and 0.2kg of washing powder.
Example 12Preparation method of plant insecticide 6
Pollen typhae powder in the formula amount in example 11 is wrapped in a gauze bag, soaked in 1L of 70% ethanol solution for 1h, and the gauze bag is taken out to obtain a soak solution.
Mixing the Pistacia chinensis, the Chinaberry bark, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper according to the formula amount in the example 11, chopping the mixture into pieces with the longest length or the longest diameter smaller than 2cm, adding a soak solution for soaking the pollen typhae powder, adding water to 10L, immersing the components which are uniformly chopped and mixed, heating the components to 85 ℃, soaking and extracting the components for 1h, filtering the components to obtain a filtrate, adding washing powder into the filtrate, and adding water to 16L to obtain the botanical insecticide.
Example 13Botanical insecticide 7 formula
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 1kg of kadsura longepedunculata, 1kg of melia azedarach, 1kg of sophora flavescens, 0.2kg of capsicum, 0.1kg of pollen typhae powder and 0.2kg of washing powder.
Example 14Preparation method of plant insecticide 7
Pollen typhae powder of the formula amount in example 13 was wrapped in a gauze bag, soaked in 1L of 50% ethanol solution for 5h, and the gauze bag was removed to obtain a soak solution.
Mixing the Chinese Piper methysticum, cortex Meliae, radix Sophorae Flavescentis and Capsici fructus of formula 13, chopping into pieces with longest length or longest diameter less than 3cm, adding soaking solution for soaking pollen Typhae powder, adding water to 10L, soaking the components, heating to 85 deg.C, soaking and extracting for 1h, filtering to obtain filtrate, adding washing powder into the filtrate, and adding water to 16L to obtain the final product.
Example 15Botanical insecticide 8 formula
The components of the botanical insecticide of this example included: 1kg of kadsura longepedunculata, 1kg of melia azedarach, 1kg of sophora flavescens, 0.2kg of capsicum, 2kg of pollen typhae powder and 0.2kg of washing powder.
Example 16Preparation method of botanical insecticide 8
The cattail pollen powder with the formula amount in the example 15 is wrapped in a gauze bag and soaked in 10L of 90% ethanol solution for 0.5h, and the gauze bag is taken out to obtain a soaking solution.
Mixing the Pistacia chinensis, the Chinaberry bark, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper according to the formula amount in the embodiment 15, chopping the mixture into pieces with the longest length or the longest diameter smaller than 2cm, adding a soak solution for soaking the pollen typhae powder, adding water until the chopped and uniformly mixed components are fully immersed, heating the mixture to 85 ℃, soaking and extracting the mixture for 1 hour, filtering the mixture to obtain a filtrate, adding washing powder into the filtrate, and adding water to 16L to obtain the botanical insecticide.
The plant insecticide finally prepared in the embodiment of the invention before use is 16L, is matched with a commonly used pesticide spraying device, and is simple and convenient to operate.
Example 17Application Effect test 1 of plant insecticide
The botanical insecticide is prepared by adding washing powder and mixing according to the preparation method of the embodiment 2 before use by using the botanical insecticide formula of the embodiment 1. The botanical pesticide is sprayed on perilla plants for preventing and treating the trichoplusia agnata disease in the planting process of the perilla plants.
Wherein the blank control group is water; the washing powder group is the pesticide which is prepared by processing the commercial carving washing powder with the formula amount in the example 1 according to the preparation method of the corresponding components in the example 1 and only contains a single component; the group consisting of cortex meliae, drumstick tree, capsicum and radix sophorae flavescentis only contains a single component in the amount of the formula in the example 1, and the pesticide only contains the single component is prepared by the preparation method of the corresponding component in the example 1; the dichlorvos group is an insecticide prepared according to the specification standard of the dichlorvos pesticide.
After the disease and insect are found, the pesticide is applied, and the test result after 48 hours is as follows:
as can be seen from the number of cadavers, the insecticidal effect of each insecticide is ranked from strong to weak: DDT (DDT exceeding standard), self-prepared traditional Chinese medicine insecticide, cortex meliae, radix sophorae flavescentis, diesel oil, a control group (blank), washing powder, pepper and drumstick tree.
The experimental result of the embodiment shows that the botanical insecticide provided by the invention is obviously superior to the insecticidal effect of a single component, and has obvious control effect on the trichoplusia agnata disease in the planting process of the perilla frutescens and small residual quantity.
Example 18Application Effect test 2 of plant insecticide
The botanical insecticide was prepared by using the botanical insecticide formulation of example 11 of the present invention and mixing with washing powder according to the preparation method of example 12 of the present invention just before use. The botanical pesticide is sprayed on the plants of the lonicera ceratospora and is used for preventing and treating the trichoplusia virginiana in the honeysuckle planting process.
Wherein the blank control group is water; the washing powder group is the pesticide which is prepared by processing the commercial carving washing powder with the formula amount in the example 1 according to the preparation method of the corresponding components in the example 1 and only contains a single component; the group consisting of cortex meliae, drumstick tree, capsicum and radix sophorae flavescentis only contains a single component in the amount of the formula in the example 1, and the pesticide only contains the single component is prepared by the preparation method of the corresponding component in the example 1; the dichlorvos group is an insecticide prepared according to the specification standard of the dichlorvos pesticide.
After the disease and insect are found, the pesticide is applied, and the test result after 48 hours is as follows:
as can be seen from the number of cadavers, the insecticidal effect of each insecticide is ranked from strong to weak: DDT (excessive DDT) > self-prepared traditional Chinese medicine insecticide > washing powder > diesel oil > radix sophorae flavescentis > cortex meliae > pepper > jaboticam > control group (blank).
The experimental result of the embodiment shows that the botanical insecticide provided by the invention is obviously superior to the insecticidal effect of a single component, and has an obvious effect on the control of the trichoplusia agnata disease in the honeysuckle planting process and small residual quantity.
From the application effect test results of the botanical insecticides in the embodiment 17 and the embodiment 18, it can be seen that the botanical insecticide provided by the embodiment of the present invention is only inferior to the insecticidal effect of dichlorvos, and it can be seen that the components are matched with each other, the synergistic effect is significant, and the disease and insect can be effectively killed within 48h, and the insecticidal efficiency is high. Because the botanical insecticide provided by the invention uses the drupelia kadsura, the cortex meliae, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the hot pepper, and the pollen typhae powder is added into a part of the preferable botanical insecticide formula, and the components are all traditional Chinese medicinal materials or food, the botanical insecticide has the advantages of low toxicity and easy degradation. As the botanical insecticide provided by the invention only uses washing powder as an auxiliary component, the botanical insecticide has the advantages of low residue and environmental friendliness as can be seen from the application effect test results of the botanical insecticides in examples 17 and 18. As can be seen from examples 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16, the preparation method of the botanical insecticide provided by the invention does not use high-risk reagents, has low equipment requirement, and the botanical insecticide finally prepared before use can be prepared into 16L, which is matched with a commonly used pesticide spraying device and simplifies the pesticide application operation process; meanwhile, the auxiliary component washing powder can be directly added into the pesticide spraying device before use, so that the process of dispensing and applying the pesticide is more convenient and efficient. Therefore, the botanical insecticide provided by the invention and the botanical insecticide obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention have the advantages of good insecticidal effect, high efficiency, low toxicity of the insecticide, easy degradation and low residue. Meanwhile, the botanical insecticide provided by the invention has a good effect of preventing and treating the plant trichoplusia agnata disease, and particularly has an obvious effect of preventing and treating the trichoplusia agnata disease of purple perilla and honeysuckle traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. The present invention is neither necessary nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A botanical insecticide, wherein the components for preparing said botanical insecticide comprise: kadsura root, chinaberry bark, lightyellow sophora root, hot pepper and washing powder.
2. The botanical insecticide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of each component is: 1-5 parts of drumstick tree, 1-5 parts of cortex meliae, 1-5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 0.2-2 parts of hot pepper and 0.1-2 parts of washing powder.
3. The botanical insecticide as claimed in claim 1, comprising pollen typhae powder.
4. The botanical insecticide as claimed in claim 3, wherein said pollen Typhae powder is present in an amount of 0.1 to 2 parts by weight.
5. The botanical insecticide as claimed in claim 4, wherein the botanical insecticide comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of drumstick tree, 1 part of chinaberry bark, 1 part of radix sophorae flavescentis, 0.5 part of hot pepper, 0.2 part of washing powder and 0.2 part of pollen typhae powder.
6. A preparation method of a plant insecticide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
hot extraction: cutting and mixing cortex Meliae, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, and Capsici fructus, adding extraction solvent, heating for extraction, filtering to obtain filtrate,
mixing: adding washing powder into the filtrate to obtain the plant pesticide,
the extraction solvent is water.
7. The method of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
soaking: wrapping pollen Typhae powder in a gauze bag, soaking in 1-70% ethanol solution for 0.5-5 hr, and taking out the gauze bag to obtain soaking solution; the extraction solvent is soak solution.
8. The production method according to claim 6,
the adding amount of the extraction solvent in the thermal extraction step is that all the components which are cut and uniformly mixed can be immersed; or,
the heating temperature is 40-90 ℃ and is maintained for 0.5-3 h; or,
in the mixing step, washing powder is added, and then water is added until the weight of the washing powder is 16 times that of the average weight of the jaboticaba, the cortex meliae and the radix sophorae flavescentis.
9. Use of the plant pesticide of claim 1 for controlling trichoplusia agnata disease.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the botanical insecticide is used to control Argyrolosis of Perilla frutescens and Lonicera japonica.
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Application publication date: 20180914 |