CN1088172A - 一种对包装材料内层消毒杀菌的方法 - Google Patents

一种对包装材料内层消毒杀菌的方法 Download PDF

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CN1088172A
CN1088172A CN93114431A CN93114431A CN1088172A CN 1088172 A CN1088172 A CN 1088172A CN 93114431 A CN93114431 A CN 93114431A CN 93114431 A CN93114431 A CN 93114431A CN 1088172 A CN1088172 A CN 1088172A
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O·施塔克
H·默勒
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B55/00Preserving, protecting or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging
    • B65B55/02Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种对包装材料的内层进行杀菌消 毒的方法。该包装材料是按叠层方式制备的,其具有 敷在反光材料层(4)上的,由透明的热塑性材料构成 的内层(3)。杀菌能量由从一个或多个闪照装置(6) 发射的高能闪照光提供的,为了杀灭存在于表面(10) 上的细菌和微生物,使该闪照光作用在包装材料的内 层(10)上。由于从闪照装置(6)发射的闪照光为反光 层(4)所反射,层(3)的表面层(10)将受到来自闪照装 置(6)的直射和反射光能两者的作用,杀菌效力因此 得以改进。

Description

本发明涉及一种对包装已消毒或杀菌的食物的包装材料内层进行消毒杀菌的方法,该杀菌处理是利用由一个辐射源提供的光能,以简单的高能闪照的方式而实施的。
这类方法是已知的,例如从美国专利US-4464336即可获知。然而,已经表明对于那些高度细菌覆盖或污染的包装材料来说,使用闪照光线进行杀菌并不是完全有效的,或许这是因为某些包含细菌或微生物菌落的表面层为盖在上面的细菌菌落“遮盖”所致。由于这种遮盖效应所致,在处理过程中,并不是在包装材料上的所有细菌或微生物都被照射到。按照在所提权利要求中所公开的方式,通过提供一种具有一个透明的塑料内层以及相邻的反光复盖层的包装材料,能够使所发射的光的大部分再反射,然后从与直射作用光相比为“相反的方向”照射到包装材料表面上,并且借此对那些即使非常接近表面层的,未被暴露未能受到来自闪照灯管直接作用的细菌起作用。当然,这种二次光的作用不像直射光作用那样强,这是因为该光线首先必须通过一个较长的距离,其次是要通过透明塑料表面层两次,第三点是为反光层所反射。然而,通过采用尽可能透明的塑料层以及使反射层具有尽可能好的光反射性能,就有可能在所采用的光能水准上,实现所反射的光波具有的光能高达初始入射能量的90%。
下面将通过参照附图更详细地介绍本发明,其中:
图1是贯穿与本发明一起使用的包装材料的断面图;
图2表示闪照光线在包装材料中是如何被反射的;
图3表示一个带有设置在其内的闪照装置的包装管壳。
图1所示包装材料可以薄片形式制造,它包括例如用纸或硬纸板作的芯层1,不过芯层1还可以例如由泡沫塑料(膨化聚苯乙烯或聚丙烯)构成。假如该芯层是由纤维状的材料构成,芯层1至少还应具有一个由热塑性的例如聚乙烯外复盖层2,由轻微吸收光线即具有高透明度的热塑性材料例如由聚乙烯或聚丙烯构成的重叠内层3,其并且具有表面非常光滑的表面10。在内层3和芯层1之间具有一个反光层4,其可以借助于粘接剂或粘接层5叠合到芯层1上。对于本发明而言,内层3和反光层4尤为重要,因此将分别加以讨论。
如上所述,内层3具有高透明度,以便不吸收通过该层的光线,此外该层必须具有极好的表面光滑度,部分原因是为了减少细菌的复盖,部分原因是使光线能贯穿通过而没有产生散射或很高的表面吸收。一种具有高表面光滑度的材料可以通过扩展已压制的塑料薄膜例如聚丙烯薄膜而得到,在这个过程中,塑料薄膜3是分离制造的,而后利用薄的透明粘接剂例如熔融的聚乙烯叠合到反光层4上。
反光层4可以由金属箔例如铝箔制成,为了从层4得到高的反光度,它的辗压的光面面向内层3,代替金属箔例如铝箔,可以使用金属镀膜,例如在聚酯薄膜层上或者直接在内层3上通过真空沉积铝材料,使聚酯薄膜完成金属敷镀。经金属敷镀的聚酯薄膜可以通过挤压粘接剂例如聚乙烯用常规的方式叠合到芯层1和内层3上。假如内层3是预制的并且为获得光滑表面10而经扩展,也可以直接在薄膜上以真空沉积铝层的方式实现金属敷镀,并且,在这个过程中该真空沉积层将构成在图1中标注为4的那层。在制备要构成为包装材料的叠层时,必须保证塑料材料的内层3具有尽可能轻微的光吸收性能,以及反光层4具有尽可能好的反射性能。当然,此外内层3必须是可热封的,以便使得具有机械强度方面耐久的接缝或连接的密封包装件可以由这种材料制造。
由所公开的包装材料制备的那些包装件最好是这种形式制备的,即开始是一平面状薄片,通过将薄片的边缘彼此连接起来而形成管状,在此之后,包装件所要装的东西提供到管的内部,通过与管的纵向轴线成直角方向重复地对横向密封处施加平整压力,该管被分隔成各包装单件,其与管是隔离的并且折成预期形状的一个包装件。在包装件所要装的东西例如为经杀菌的食物的情况下,包装材料的内层也必须杀菌消毒,这是因为,否则经杀菌的食物在与包装材料内层相接触时将会被重新沾染。
在本文所述的情况下,包装材料的内侧10的杀菌消毒以这样一种方式进行,通过将材料的纵向边缘区域彼此连接以形成一个密实和耐久的接缝而构成管7。这种方式之所以有效,在于在接缝或连接区内部相互作用的塑料层所引起的,在提供热量和压力的情况下,接缝熔化并熔融在一起并且在此之后通过冷却而牢固。通过将平面状材料的薄片由储料卷轴顺序地开卷,这种管7可以连续形成,为了使薄片的边缘区域细密地相互连接并密封,薄片被逐渐地再卷成管形。为了对管7的内层杀菌消毒,如图3所示,管7围绕闪照放电装置6同心配置,装置6沿管7的轴向方向纵向延伸。在本实施例中,闪照放电装置6用一个圆柱形灯管表示,不过它也可以由若干个灯管组成或者闪照灯管彼此并排地配置或者同种类型的相互串联。发光闪照装置6定位固定,与此同时另一方面,管7相对于闪照装置6沿附图上所示的箭头方向移动。闪照装置6连接到一个提供脉冲以便控制闪照装置的闪光发射的电源装置上,脉冲频率为每秒1-10个脉冲,最好每秒2-6个脉冲,脉冲持续时间为20-2000微秒。脉冲长度与脉冲频率相似,可以根据装置的设计和所处理对象而适当变化,上述数值只不过视为常规数值范围。照射到包装材料内层上的光剂量可以利用加到闪照装置灯管6上的电压进行调节,以便获得满意杀菌效果,其数量应在每平方厘米2-10焦尔之间。指定管7相对于闪照装置6以相对较低的速度移动,同一区域受到照射和作用的多少次数取决于发射闪光的频率。此外,管7相对于闪照装置6的相对速度以及发射闪光的频率、闪照装置6的长度和闪照强度也影响最终效果的水平。因此,假如管7相对于闪照装置6移动较快,或者通过增加闪照装置6的长度,增加发射闪光的频率或强度、此外适当增加闪照装置灯管的数目就能够获得足够的杀菌效果。
由图可以明显看出,内层3的表面10受到作用,部分是由于用线8标志的直射闪照光,部分是由于用线9标志的非直射闪照光或所反射的闪照光。这意味着,位于在内塑料层3的表面10上的细菌和微生物菌落将全范围地受到所发射的闪照光作用改进杀菌效果。
由于发射能量作用的结果,管的内层10将被加热到某种程度-但是并没有达到这个热效应单独就能引起任何杀菌作用的程度。关于本发明的应用,上面已经提到的由管7开始制备包装件仅不过试图介绍一个特别适用的场合。因此,根据本发明构思不仅能将该方法应用到已形成的包装半成品或容器,其内部利用插入到半成品中的闪照放电装置6进行杀菌,而且还可应用于平面状薄片包装材料,其借助于不同于转变为管的方式制备成包装件。如在本说明书中所述,反光层4或者可以由光亮的辗压金属薄膜最好是铝箔构成,或者由一种所谓的金属敷镀表面构成,该金属敷镀表面一般是通过在光滑的薄膜上例如在塑料薄膜上真空沉积蒸发的金属例如铝而得到。这种真空沉积的表面是极薄的,因为该表面层只有几个分子厚,不过假如该金属沉积的表面具有足够的表面光滑度,它仍然可以提供极为优异的反光性能。玻璃或像玻璃一样的硅类也可以按相似的方式真空沉积在一种基底上并且这种真空沉积的玻璃层与真空沉积的金属层对比提供一种良好的气体屏障。因此,根据本发明可以制备一种具有良好气体屏障性能,对环境来说是安全可靠的包装材料,这是因为在原则上它不过是由单一材料构成的。这样一种材料的构成可以是:一个由“泡沫化的”或膨胀的聚丙烯构成的芯层,该层与具有由真空沉积金属(铝)构成的反光层的透明聚丙烯薄膜叠合在一起;以及一气密的真空沉积玻璃层。真空沉积层可以是或者一层配置在另外一层的外侧或者作为在一特定叠层薄膜上的复盖而合并到该叠层中。包含在叠层中的薄膜可以按照本身是已知的方式借助于被挤压的聚丙烯而共同层叠在一起。本文中所述叠层(除去提供由闪照光进行的有效的杀菌处理之外)的优点是该材料是好至由百分之百的单一塑料材料构成的,在本案中这种材料是聚丙烯。其主要优点在于该材料被回收以备再用时,它能以十分简便的方式全部熔化。退一步讲,这种材料剂料包含真空沉积的金属层,并且假如该材料是气密的还包含一真空沉积玻璃层,但是如上所述,这些层也是极薄的(仅几个埃),使得可以明确地说当通过熔化进行回收时,它们并不会污染被熔化的塑料材料。已经证明,利用闪照进行消毒杀菌处理是极为有效的,而且在形成的剩余物中没有副作用,而在利用化学消毒杀菌时则经常会出现这种情况。通过采用根据本发明提出的方法,能够对具有高细菌含量的包装材料进行杀菌处理。
本发明不应当被认为局限于上述和附图所示的内容,在不脱离本发明构思和所附权利要求范围的前提下,还可以做出许多改进。
在上述本发明的实施例中,反光层4是金属层或真空沉积层。然而,即使用一层白纸作为反射表面也能获得良好的反射性能。

Claims (7)

1、一种对包装材料内层杀菌的方法,该包装材料用于包装经消毒杀菌的食物,该杀菌处理的实施借助于从一个幅射源以简单的、高能闪照的方式提供的光能,其特征在于,需要杀菌的材料具有一个由一组透明的热塑材料中选出的内层(3);由一个或多个“闪照放电管”构成的幅射源(6)被启动,以便发射具有杀菌效力的闪照光,该闪照光作用在透明内层(3)的表面(10)上,以便杀死在所述内层上存在的细菌和微生物,并且该闪照光通过透明表面层(3),在此之后为所述反光层(4)所反射并再次作用在内层(3)的表面(10)上而产生杀菌效力。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,包装材料是利用若干相互粘接的叠层的叠合而制备的,所述的由透明热塑性材料构成的内层(3)叠合到由反光材料例如极其光滑的金属箔或金属敷镀的塑料薄膜构成的层(4)上。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,反光层(4)通过真空金属敷镀直接形成在所述透明热塑材料层的一侧上。
4、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,反光层(4)由一玻璃薄膜例如真空沉积的玻璃薄膜构成,该薄膜已具有一反光的真空敷镀金属例如铝层。
5、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,包装材料由用纸、硬纸板或膨化的塑料材料构成的芯层(1)、沿其一面再置的反光层和配置在所述反光层外侧的透明热塑性的层(3)构成。
6、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,包装材料围绕由一个或多个“闪照放电管”构成的光幅射源(6)而同心配置构成一个管(7)。
7、一种用于包装经消毒杀菌的食物的包装叠层制品,该杀菌处理的实施借助于从一个幅射源以简单的高能闪照的方式提供的光能,其特征在于,该包装制品由用膨化的塑料材料构成的芯层、由透明的塑料材料构成的内层以及配置在所述芯层和所述内层之间的反光材料层构成。
CN93114431A 1992-10-07 1993-10-07 一种对包装材料内层消毒杀菌的方法及用于包装经消毒杀菌的食物的包装叠层制品 Expired - Fee Related CN1038831C (zh)

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SE9202933A SE9202933D0 (sv) 1992-10-07 1992-10-07 Saett vid sterilisering av insidesskiktet hos ett foerpackningsmaterial

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CA2107655A1 (en) 1994-04-08
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AU4880393A (en) 1994-04-21
DE69322474D1 (de) 1999-01-21
JPH06197745A (ja) 1994-07-19
DK0591917T3 (da) 1999-08-16
CN1038831C (zh) 1998-06-24
RU2110454C1 (ru) 1998-05-10
CA2107655C (en) 2003-07-15
NO933516D0 (no) 1993-10-01
EP0591917B1 (en) 1998-12-09
EP0591917A1 (en) 1994-04-13
MX9306228A (es) 1994-05-31
KR940008607A (ko) 1994-05-16
JP3170117B2 (ja) 2001-05-28
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DE69322474T2 (de) 1999-04-29
NO933516L (no) 1994-04-08
FI934408A (fi) 1994-04-08
NO303870B1 (no) 1998-09-14
FI103495B1 (fi) 1999-07-15
US5451367A (en) 1995-09-19
BR9304155A (pt) 1994-04-12
ATE174282T1 (de) 1998-12-15
KR970007147B1 (ko) 1997-05-03

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