CN108782083B - Rehmannia planting method capable of overcoming continuous cropping obstacle - Google Patents
Rehmannia planting method capable of overcoming continuous cropping obstacle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108782083B CN108782083B CN201810654073.0A CN201810654073A CN108782083B CN 108782083 B CN108782083 B CN 108782083B CN 201810654073 A CN201810654073 A CN 201810654073A CN 108782083 B CN108782083 B CN 108782083B
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- rehmannia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Abstract
The invention provides a rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles, and improves the property and quality of rehmannia. A rehmannia glutinosa libosch planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle comprises the following steps of reserving the rhizome of rehmannia glutinosa libosch which has been harvested in the previous year in an original hole for planting in the next year. The method can realize continuous cropping of the rehmannia, can realize continuous cropping of the rehmannia for at least 3 years, greatly improve the annual average yield, reduce the planting cost and the planting difficulty, and realize the per mu yield of at least 3500 kilograms per year. Moreover, the quality and the drug property of the rehmannia root planted by the continuous cropping method are improved, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside and rehmannia root polysaccharide respectively reach more than 3.5%, 0.12% and 6.9%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rehmannia planting method, in particular to a rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles.
Background
Continuous cropping obstacles exist in rehmannia planting, continuous cropping cannot be realized usually, and a method for overcoming the continuous cropping obstacles usually adopts the method of performing reverse crop rotation at intervals of 3 or more years, so that the rehmannia planting in a genuine medicinal material production area is greatly limited.
In addition, many attempts have been made to overcome the continuous cropping obstacles by spraying anti-replant pesticides into the soil or fumigating the soil, but the effect is not so high and the environment is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles, and the property and the quality of rehmannia are improved.
The object of the invention is achieved in the following way:
a rehmannia glutinosa libosch planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle comprises the following steps of reserving the rhizome of rehmannia glutinosa libosch which has been harvested in the previous year in an original hole for planting in the next year.
In the soil range within the circumference range of 10cm in radius with the rootstock as the center, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be not damaged as much as possible.
When the rhizome used as the seed for the next year is fertilized, the horizontal distance between the fertilization position and the seed for the next year is at least 10 cm.
The fertilizer is 0.001-2% KH2PO40.001% -5% of KNO3The composite solution of (1). The application amount of the medicine is 0.01Kg to 1Kg per point.
Applying EM engineering bacteria around the roots used as seeds in the next year, wherein the distance between the position where the EM engineering bacteria are applied and the horizontal distance of the seeds is at least 10 cm.
The application amount of the EM engineering bacteria is 0.01Kg to 10Kg per hole or 0.1Kg to 75000Kg per hectare.
The EM engineering bacteria comprise actinomycetes: photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: acetic acid bacteria: fermenting lactobacillus at ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain fermentation liquid with pH of 6.5-7.5.
Compared with the prior art, the method can realize continuous cropping of the rehmannia, can realize continuous cropping of the rehmannia for at least 3 years, greatly improves the annual average yield, and reduces the planting cost and the planting difficulty, and the acre yield of at least 3500 kilograms per year. Moreover, the quality and the drug property of the rehmannia root planted by the continuous cropping method are improved, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside and rehmannia root polysaccharide respectively reach more than 3.5%, 0.12% and 6.9%. By applying the compound solution fertilizer, the yield, the drug property and the quality of the rehmannia can be further improved. The yield, the drug property and the quality of the rehmannia root can be further improved by applying the EM engineering bacterium provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
A rehmannia glutinosa libosch planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle comprises the following steps of reserving the rhizome of rehmannia glutinosa libosch which has been harvested in the previous year in an original hole for planting in the next year. The production of the rhizome used as a propagation material is commonly called 'planting'.
In the soil range within the circumference range of 10cm in radius with the rootstock as the center, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be not damaged as much as possible.
When the rhizome used as the seed for the next year is fertilized, the horizontal distance between the fertilization position and the seed for the next year is at least 10 cm.
The fertilization time is two times at the beginning of 4 months and 6 months or three times at the beginning of 4 months, 6 months and 7 months.
The fertilizer is 0.001-2% KH2PO40.001% -5% of KNO3The composite solution of (1). The application amount of the medicine is 0.01Kg to 1Kg per point.
Applying EM engineering bacteria around the roots used as seeds in the next year, wherein the distance between the position where the EM engineering bacteria are applied and the horizontal distance of the seeds is at least 10 cm.
The application amount of the EM engineering bacteria is 0.1 Kg/hectare to 78000 Kg/hectare, or 0.01Kg to 10Kg per hole. The time for applying the EM engineering bacteria can be conventional 4 months.
The EM engineering bacteria comprise actinomycetes: photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: acetic acid bacteria: fermenting lactobacillus at ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain fermentation liquid with pH of 6.5-7.5.
In the following examples and comparative examples, rehmannia glutinosa was planted in the same planting area, and the soil quality was the same, and other conditions of cultivation, fertilization, watering, etc. were the same or slightly different.
The EM engineering bacteria can be obtained by fermentation by the following method: the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out actinomycetes: photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: acetic acid bacteria: mixing lactic acid bacteria according to the ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, and adding the mixture containing: in a mixed solution of 1.145 g/L of sodium acetate, 0.055 g/L of peptone, 0.6 g/L of sodium bicarbonate and 0.4 g/L of sodium thiosulfate, the fermentation is carried out according to the following flow: producing and preparing each zymogen liquid for independent preservation → preparing mixed zymotic fluid → disinfecting the fermentation tank → disinfecting the zymotic fluid → adding compound bacteria → pH 7.5 for stirring and fermenting for 10 days.
Example 1:
a rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: (1) reserving and planting rehmannia rhizomes which reach the harvest stage in the first year in primary holes on a rehmannia planting land of 5 mu as planting in the second year;
(2) in the soil range within the circumferential range with the original hole as the center and the radius of 10cm, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be undamaged as much as possible;
(3) when harvesting, picking is carried out, and the harvesting amount is 35000 kg. The annual average acre yield is 3500 kg, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, rehmannia polysaccharide and other pharmacopoeia indexes in rehmannia respectively reach 3.5%, 0.12% and 6.9%.
Comparative example 1
A rehmannia planting method comprises the following steps: (1) in a rehmannia glutinosa field of 5 mu, the rehmannia glutinosa from the first year to the harvest stage is harvested, and the harvest amount is 17000 kg. Planting rehmannia on the rehmannia planting land of 5 mu in the second year, and planting by taking the excellent roots and stems suitable for planting of the rehmannia harvested in the first year as seed plants;
(2) in the soil range within the circumference range with the root as the center and the radius of 10cm, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be undamaged as much as possible;
(3) when harvesting, picking is carried out, and the harvesting amount is 1000 kg. 18000 kg of rehmannia root is harvested in two years, the annual average acre yield is 1800 kg, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, rehmannia root polysaccharide and other pharmacopoeia indexes in the rehmannia root in the first year respectively reach 3.5%, 0.12% and 6.9%. In the next year, the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, and rehmanniae radix polysaccharide in rehmanniae radix respectively reach 1.5%, 0.05%, and 2.9%.
Example 2
A rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: (1) reserving and planting rehmannia rhizomes which reach the harvest stage in the first year in primary holes on a rehmannia planting land of 5 mu as planting in the second year;
(2) in the soil range within the circumference range with the root as the center and the radius of 10cm, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be undamaged as much as possible;
(3) when harvesting, the rehmannia rhizome which reaches the harvesting stage in the second year is left to be planted in the primary hole to be used as the planting in the third year;
(4) in the soil range within the circumference range with the root as the center and the radius of 10cm, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be undamaged as much as possible;
(5) when harvesting, picking is carried out, and the harvesting amount is 52500 kg. The annual average acre yield of rehmannia root in three years is 3500 kg, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, rehmannia root polysaccharide and other pharmacopoeia indexes in the third year respectively reach 3.8%, 0.2% and 7.9%.
Example 3
A rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: (1) reserving and planting rehmannia rhizomes which reach the harvest stage in the first year in primary holes on a rehmannia planting land of 5 mu as planting in the second year;
(2) in the soil range within the circumference range of 10cm in radius with the rootstock as the center, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be not damaged as much as possible.
(3) When the rhizome used as the seed in the next year is fertilized, the horizontal distance between the fertilization position and the seed is at least 10 cm. The fertilizing time is 4 months earlier, the fertilizing amount is 0.3 percent of KH per hole2PO4And 0.5% KNO30.5Kg of composite aqueous solution.
(4) When harvesting, picking is carried out, and the harvesting amount is 38000 kg. The annual average acre yield is 3800 kg, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, rehmannia polysaccharide and other pharmacopoeia indexes reach 3.5%, 0.16% and 6.9% respectively.
Example 4
A rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: (1) reserving and planting rehmannia rhizomes which reach the harvest stage in the first year in primary holes on a rehmannia planting land of 5 mu as planting in the second year;
(2) in the soil range within the circumference range of 10cm in radius with the rootstock as the center, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be not damaged as much as possible.
(3) When the rhizome used as the seed for the next year is fertilized, the horizontal distance between the fertilization position and the seed for the next year is 8 cm. The fertilizing time is 4 months earlier, the fertilizing amount is 0.3 percent of KH per hole2PO4And 0.5% KNO30.5Kg of composite aqueous solution.
(4) When harvesting, picking is carried out, and the harvesting amount is 18000 kg. The annual average acre yield is 1800 kilograms, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, rehmannia polysaccharide and other pharmacopoeia indexes respectively reach 3.5 percent, 0.16 percent and 6.9 percent.
Example 5
A rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: (1) reserving and planting rehmannia rhizomes which reach the harvest stage in the first year in primary holes on a rehmannia planting land of 5 mu as planting in the second year;
(2) in the soil range within the circumference range of 10cm in radius with the rootstock as the center, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be not damaged as much as possible.
(3) When the rhizome used as the seed in the next year is fertilized, the horizontal distance between the fertilization position and the seed is at least 10 cm. The fertilizing time is 4 months earlier, the fertilizing amount is 0.3 percent of KH per hole2PO4And 0.5% KNO30.5Kg of composite aqueous solution.
(4) Applying EM engineering bacteria around the rhizomes used as seeds in the next year, wherein the distance between the position where the EM engineering bacteria are applied and the horizontal distance of the seeds is at least 10 cm. The application time of EM engineering bacteria is 5 months earlier, and the application amount of each hole is 0.5 Kg.
(5) When harvesting, picking is carried out, and the harvesting amount is 35000 kg. The annual average acre yield is 4000 kg, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, rehmannia polysaccharide and other pharmacopoeia indexes respectively reach 3.6%, 0.21% and 7.9%.
Example 6
A rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: (1) reserving and planting rehmannia rhizomes which reach the harvest stage in the first year in primary holes on a rehmannia planting land of 5 mu as planting in the second year;
(2) in the soil range within the circumference range of 10cm in radius with the rootstock as the center, soil loosening, watering and fertilizing are not carried out, and the soil state within the range is kept to be not damaged as much as possible.
(3) When the rhizome used as the seed for the next year is fertilized, the horizontal distance between the fertilization position and the seed for the next year is 10 cm. The fertilizing time is 4 months earlier, the fertilizing amount is 0.3 percent of KH per hole2PO4And 0.5% KNO30.5Kg of composite aqueous solution.
(4) EM engineering bacteria are applied around the rhizomes used as seeds in the next year, and the horizontal distance between the position where the EM engineering bacteria are applied and the seeds is 8 cm. The application time of EM engineering bacteria is 5 months earlier, and the application amount of each hole is 0.5 Kg.
(5) When harvesting, picking is carried out, and the harvesting amount is 18000 kg. The annual average acre yield is 1800 kilograms, and the contents of catalpol, verbascoside, rehmannia polysaccharide and other pharmacopoeia indexes respectively reach 3.6 percent, 0.18 percent and 6.9 percent.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A rehmannia planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps that the rhizome of rehmannia which has been harvested in the previous year is reserved and planted in an original hole to be used as the seed planting of the next year; in the soil range within the circumference range with the root as the center and the radius of 10cm, loosening the soil, watering and fertilizing are not carried out; when the rhizome used as the seed for the next year is fertilized, the horizontal distance between the fertilization position and the seed for the next year is at least 10 cm.
2. A rehmannia glutinosa libosch planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fertilizer is 0.001-2% KH2PO40.001% -5% of KNO3The composite solution of (1); the application amount of the medicine is 0.01Kg to 10Kg per point.
3. A rehmannia glutinosa libosch planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: applying EM engineering bacteria around the roots used as seeds in the next year, wherein the distance between the position where the EM engineering bacteria are applied and the horizontal distance of the seeds is at least 10 cm.
4. A rehmannia glutinosa libosch as claimed in claim 3, wherein the planting method comprises the steps of: the application amount of the EM engineering bacteria is 0.01Kg-10Kg per hole.
5. A rehmannia glutinosa libosch as claimed in claim 3, wherein the planting method comprises the steps of: the EM engineering bacteria are obtained from fermentation liquor with the pH value of 6.5-7.5, which is prepared by mixing and fermenting saccharomycetes, bacillus, acetobacter and actinomycetes according to the ratio of 1:1:1: 1.
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