CN108754735A - 一种多功能色纱的纺纱工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多功能色纱的纺纱工艺,包括以下步骤:(1)棉纤维的功能性处理;(2)粘胶纤维的耐碱整理;(3)开清工序;(4)梳棉工序;(5)并条工序;(6)涡流混纺。与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:本发明对棉纤维进行的功能性处理在保持棉纤维原有的性能之外,提高了棉纤维的染色性能以及柔软性;经耐碱处理后的粘胶纤维能够抵御强碱的侵蚀,且兼具透气舒适、柔软轻便、易洗涤等优点;将功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维与天丝纤维混纺后得到的混纺纱同时具备了功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维和天丝纤维的优点,混纺纱染色均匀、上染效率高、手感柔软,并且具有优良的吸湿、放湿性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺纱领域,特别是一种多功能色纱的纺纱工艺。
背景技术
棉纤维染色技术优越性:色纺纱的织物艳丽美观,层次清晰,可生产出绚丽多彩的时装面料。可以根据人为要求染出多种颜色,且色泽鲜艳。可以进行混合纺纱,一根纱线上可以有多种不同的颜色,产生意想不到的效果,克服了传统棉纱、坯布染色较为单一的缺点。传统的“纺纱一织造一染整”的工艺,其染整过程中一次只能得到一种颜色,对于花色多的品种只能重复染色工序,且色光较难控制,生产周期长,加工成本高。染棉对色差要求不高,色棉通过混棉、开清棉、并条来消除色差。漂液、染液、洗涤液、蓬松剂液可以反复使用,省水,降低生产成本。
粘纤织物是用粘胶纤维经纺织而成的织物,粘胶纤维是最早投入工业化生产的化学纤维之一。由于吸湿性好,穿着舒适,可纺性优良,常与棉、毛或各种合成纤维混纺、交织、用于各类服装及装饰用纺织品。粘胶纤维是一种应用较广泛的化学纤维,由天然纤维素经碱化而成碱纤维素,再与二硫化碳作用生成纤维素黄原酸,溶解于稀碱液内得到的粘稠溶液称粘胶,粘胶经湿法纺丝和一系列后处理工序即成粘胶纤维。
天丝是一种纤维素纤维,采用溶剂纺丝技术,干强略低于涤纶,但明显高于一般的粘胶纤维,湿强比粘胶有明显的改善,具有非常高的刚性,良好的水洗尺寸稳定性(缩水率仅为2%),具有较高的吸湿性,纤维横截面为圆形或椭圆形,光泽优美,手感柔软,悬垂性好,飘逸性好,价格便宜,具有棉的柔软性、涤纶的高强力、羊毛的保暖性,但是它在湿热的条件下容易变硬,在冷水的挑绒性也不好。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种多功能色纱的纺纱工艺,以解决现有技术中的不足,它能够集合多种纤维的优点后还具备优异的染色性能。
本发明提供了一种多功能色纱的纺纱工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)棉纤维的功能性处理:对棉纤维的处理包括前处理、染色处理以及柔化处理,所述前处理包括对棉纤维进行沸水煮、碱性果胶酶浸渍处理、水洗,所述沸水煮的时间为25min,所述碱性果胶酶浸渍处理的碱性果胶酶的用量0.5-1.5 g/L,处理温度为51-60℃,处理时间为45-60 min,pH值8.5-9,渗透剂JFC1-2 g/L,浴比15:1,然后水洗10分钟;
所述染色处理,在60℃温度下,将棉纤维浸泡于染料溶液中作用15 min,NaCl溶液浸泡作用20 min ,然后将温度升高到90℃,在90℃ 温度下在Na2CO3溶液中浸泡25 min;
所述柔化处理,将棉纤维浸渍于柔化剂中,有机硅用量11 g/L,温度50℃,处理时间50min,然后烘干到含水率8-10%,即得功能棉纤维;
(2)粘胶纤维的耐碱整理:将耐碱整理剂加水配制成浸渍液,然后将粘胶纤维放入浸渍液中浸轧,轧余率45-70%,最后水洗2-3次,最后脱水烘干即得耐碱粘胶纤维,所述耐碱整理剂包括以下重量份数的组分:11-14份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、8-10份聚六亚甲基双胍、4-7份乙二胺四乙酸二钠、12-14份苯甲酸钠、6-9份甲基环硅氧烷、8-12份醋酸、5-8份硫酸铜、1-6份丙烯酰胺、6-9份甲基壬基酮、9-11份淀粉、3-6份壳聚糖、22-24份丙二醇、3-6份十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、2-6份二甲苯磺酸钠、5-8份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚以及32-35份去离子水;
(3)开清工序:功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维、天丝纤维打手速度分别为500±50r/min、450±50r/min和550±50r/min,定量湿重分别为470g/m、420g/m和360g/m,定长分别为32.7m、35.2m、40.6m,综合打手速度分别为750r/min、800r/min、920r/min;
(4)梳棉工序:功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维、天丝纤维的梳棉定量分别为21.42±0.5g/5m、21.85±0.5g/5m、26.77±0.5g/5m;
(5)并条工序:一并总牵伸8.105倍,并合根数8根,其中功能棉纤维4根,耐碱粘胶纤维2根,天丝纤维2根,二并总牵伸6.091倍,并合根数6根,三并总牵伸6.5倍左右,并合根数6根,熟条湿定量18.0±0.2g/5m;
(6)涡流混纺:纺纱速度350-370r/min,总牵伸倍数185。
优选的是,步骤(2)中所述烘干温度为45-65℃,时间为5分钟。
优选的是,步骤(2)中所述耐碱整理剂包括以下重量份数的组分:12.8份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、9.2份聚六亚甲基双胍、5.3份乙二胺四乙酸二钠、13份苯甲酸钠、7.3份甲基环硅氧烷、10份醋酸、7份硫酸铜、3.4份丙烯酰胺、8份甲基壬基酮、10份淀粉、4.5份壳聚糖、23份丙二醇、4份十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、4份二甲苯磺酸钠、6.9份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚以及33份去离子水。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:本发明对棉纤维进行的功能性处理在保持棉纤维原有的性能之外,提高了棉纤维的染色性能以及柔软性;经耐碱处理后的粘胶纤维能够抵御强碱的侵蚀,且兼具透气舒适、柔软轻便、易洗涤等优点;将功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维与天丝纤维混纺后得到的混纺纱同时具备了功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维和天丝纤维的优点,混纺纱染色均匀、上染效率高、手感柔软,并且具有优良的吸湿、放湿性。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例:一种多功能色纱的纺纱工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)棉纤维的功能性处理:对棉纤维的处理包括前处理、染色处理以及柔化处理,所述前处理包括对棉纤维进行沸水煮、碱性果胶酶浸渍处理、水洗,所述沸水煮的时间为25min,所述碱性果胶酶浸渍处理的碱性果胶酶的用量0.5-1.5 g/L,处理温度为51-60℃,处理时间为45-60 min,pH值8.5-9,渗透剂JFC1-2 g/L,浴比15:1,然后水洗10分钟;
所述染色处理,在60℃温度下,将棉纤维浸泡于染料溶液中作用15 min,NaCl溶液浸泡作用20 min ,然后将温度升高到90℃,在90℃ 温度下在Na2CO3溶液中浸泡25min;
所述柔化处理,将棉纤维浸渍于柔化剂中,有机硅用量11 g/L,温度50℃,处理时间50min,然后烘干到含水率8-10%,即得功能棉纤维;
(2)粘胶纤维的耐碱整理:将耐碱整理剂加水配制成浸渍液,然后将粘胶纤维放入浸渍液中浸轧,轧余率45-70%,最后水洗2-3次,最后脱水烘干即得耐碱粘胶纤维,所述耐碱整理剂包括以下重量份数的组分:11-14份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、8-10份聚六亚甲基双胍、4-7份乙二胺四乙酸二钠、12-14份苯甲酸钠、6-9份甲基环硅氧烷、8-12份醋酸、5-8份硫酸铜、1-6份丙烯酰胺、6-9份甲基壬基酮、9-11份淀粉、3-6份壳聚糖、22-24份丙二醇、3-6份十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、2-6份二甲苯磺酸钠、5-8份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚以及32-35份去离子水;
(3)开清工序:功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维、天丝纤维打手速度分别为500±50r/min、450±50r/min和550±50r/min,定量湿重分别为470g/m、420g/m和360g/m,定长分别为32.7m、35.2m、40.6m,综合打手速度分别为750r/min、800r/min、920r/min;
(4)梳棉工序:功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维、天丝纤维的梳棉定量分别为21.42±0.5g/5m、21.85±0.5g/5m、26.77±0.5g/5m;
(5)并条工序:一并总牵伸8.105倍,并合根数8根,其中功能棉纤维4根,耐碱粘胶纤维2根,天丝纤维2根,二并总牵伸6.091倍,并合根数6根,三并总牵伸6.5倍左右,并合根数6根,熟条湿定量18.0±0.2g/5m;
(6)涡流混纺:纺纱速度350-370r/min,总牵伸倍数185。
步骤(2)中所述烘干温度为45-65℃,时间为5分钟。
步骤(2)中所述耐碱整理剂包括以下重量份数的组分:12.8份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、9.2份聚六亚甲基双胍、5.3份乙二胺四乙酸二钠、13份苯甲酸钠、7.3份甲基环硅氧烷、10份醋酸、7份硫酸铜、3.4份丙烯酰胺、8份甲基壬基酮、10份淀粉、4.5份壳聚糖、23份丙二醇、4份十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、4份二甲苯磺酸钠、6.9份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚以及33份去离子水。
Claims (3)
1.一种多功能色纱的纺纱工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)棉纤维的功能性处理:对棉纤维的处理包括前处理、染色处理以及柔化处理,所述前处理包括对棉纤维进行沸水煮、碱性果胶酶浸渍处理、水洗,所述沸水煮的时间为25min,所述碱性果胶酶浸渍处理的碱性果胶酶的用量0.5-1.5 g/L,处理温度为51-60℃,处理时间为45-60 min,pH值8.5-9,渗透剂JFC1-2 g/L,浴比15:1,然后水洗10分钟;
所述染色处理,在60℃温度下,将棉纤维浸泡于染料溶液中作用15 min,NaCl溶液浸泡作用20 min ,然后将温度升高到90℃,在90℃ 温度下在Na2CO3溶液中浸泡25min;
所述柔化处理,将棉纤维浸渍于柔化剂中,有机硅用量11 g/L,温度50℃,处理时间50min,然后烘干到含水率8-10%,即得功能棉纤维;
(2)粘胶纤维的耐碱整理:将耐碱整理剂加水配制成浸渍液,然后将粘胶纤维放入浸渍液中浸轧,轧余率45-70%,最后水洗2-3次,最后脱水烘干即得耐碱粘胶纤维,所述耐碱整理剂包括以下重量份数的组分:11-14份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、8-10份聚六亚甲基双胍、4-7份乙二胺四乙酸二钠、12-14份苯甲酸钠、6-9份甲基环硅氧烷、8-12份醋酸、5-8份硫酸铜、1-6份丙烯酰胺、6-9份甲基壬基酮、9-11份淀粉、3-6份壳聚糖、22-24份丙二醇、3-6份十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、2-6份二甲苯磺酸钠、5-8份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚以及32-35份去离子水;
(3)开清工序:功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维、天丝纤维打手速度分别为500±50r/min、450±50r/min和550±50r/min,定量湿重分别为470g/m、420g/m和360g/m,定长分别为32.7m、35.2m、40.6m,综合打手速度分别为750r/min、800r/min、920r/min;
(4)梳棉工序:功能棉纤维、耐碱粘胶纤维、天丝纤维的梳棉定量分别为21.42±0.5g/5m、21.85±0.5g/5m、26.77±0.5g/5m;
(5)并条工序:一并总牵伸8.105倍,并合根数8根,其中功能棉纤维4根,耐碱粘胶纤维2根,天丝纤维2根,二并总牵伸6.091倍,并合根数6根,三并总牵伸6.5倍左右,并合根数6根,熟条湿定量18.0±0.2g/5m;
(6)涡流混纺:纺纱速度350-370r/min,总牵伸倍数185。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多功能色纱的纺纱工艺,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述烘干温度为45-65℃,时间为5分钟。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多功能色纱的纺纱工艺,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述耐碱整理剂包括以下重量份数的组分:12.8份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、9.2份聚六亚甲基双胍、5.3份乙二胺四乙酸二钠、13份苯甲酸钠、7.3份甲基环硅氧烷、10份醋酸、7份硫酸铜、3.4份丙烯酰胺、8份甲基壬基酮、10份淀粉、4.5份壳聚糖、23份丙二醇、4份十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、4份二甲苯磺酸钠、6.9份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚以及33份去离子水。
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