CN108739253A - Slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739253A CN108739253A CN201810846039.3A CN201810846039A CN108739253A CN 108739253 A CN108739253 A CN 108739253A CN 201810846039 A CN201810846039 A CN 201810846039A CN 108739253 A CN108739253 A CN 108739253A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation method and application, which is mainly prepared by the raw material of following mass parts：40~45 parts of peat, ferment 10~15 parts of reed straw, 15~20 parts of vermiculite, 10~15 parts of perlite, 10~15 parts of carbonization rice husk, 1~2 part of wetting agent, 0.5~0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2~0.3 part of potassium nitrate, and 5~10 parts of Selenium-rich nutrient of sustained release.Preparation method is stocked up including (1), the premixing processing of (2) potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate and peat, the dissolving of (3) wetting agent, and matrix is made in (4) mixture.The slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of the present invention can reduce fertilizer leaching, improves utilization rate of fertilizer and meet family's selenium-enriched plant plantation needs, can be widely used in home gardening.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the growing vegetables technical field in agricultural planting, it is related to a kind of horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation side
Method and application, and in particular to a kind of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Currently, the paces of domestic Urbanization Construction are getting faster, a large amount of rural peoples are changed into people from cities and towns, and allegro city
City's life also expedites the emergence of out many balcony planting demands, on the one hand meets people's spirit and on the other hand material enjoyment meets family
Green and healthy food demand.And Urban Balcony plantation generally existing fetches earth that difficulty, soil-borne disease, planting technology are unqualified etc. to ask
Topic.
Selenium is divided into two kinds of vegetable active selenium and inorganic selenium, and inorganic selenium has larger toxicity, and is not easy to be absorbed, and is not suitable for people
It is used with animal.Vegetable active selenium is combined by bioconversion and amino acid, is existed generally in the form of selenomethionine, is planted
Object activity selenium is the selenium source that human and animal allows to use, and supplements appropriate Organic Selenium, for improving the immunity of the human body, prevents Keshan
Disease, cancer and hepatopathy have remarkable efficacy.
Chinese Soclety of Nutrition did an investigation to provinces and cities of 13, China and shows to be grown up per day selenium intake as 26-32
Microgram, it is far apart from 50 microgram of bottom line that Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is recommended.General vegetable food selenium content is relatively low, because
This, exploiting economy, conveniently is suitble to the selenium-enriched food of long-term consumption imperative.
Currently, selenium-rich product relates generally to drug containing selenium, health products and selenium-rich agricultural and sideline product on the market, and similar drug containing selenium
And the selenium effective content of health products is mostly inorganic selenium class, needs to follow doctor's advice use, and vegetable active selenium is relatively safe, but
The agricultural and sideline products such as current selenium-rich rice hold at high price on the market, are not suitable for house type Long-term Selenium Supplementation mode.Applicant passes through
It studies for a long period of time, it is intended to by inventing a kind of slow release selenium-rich function matrix that home gardening is applicable, in conjunction with balcony potted plant growth side
Formula realizes the self-produced reversal vegetables production rich in vegetable active selenium, meets family's selenium-supply needs.
In recent years, substrate soiless cultivation gradually rises for home gardening, easy to operate with using, miscellaneous without worm's ovum
Bacterium and grass-seed, the advantages that meeting growing environment excellent needed for plant growth.And functionalized substrate be on original substrate bases,
Functional mass and matrix are organically combined by technological means, to make matrix that there is the purpose of certain specific functions, be such as retained,
Fertilizer conservation, disease-resistant, promoting root growth, selenium-rich etc..Application No. is 201611214797.0 Chinese patent literatures to disclose a kind of vegetables selenium-rich
Organic seedling raising matrix uses simple mixture sodium selenate, during nursery use, exists and is easy by rain leaching, fertilizer profit
The problems such as poor with rate.Therefore, the applicable slow release selenium-rich function matrix of home gardening is obtained, needs to carry out largely to research and develop work
Make.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide one kind can reduce fertilizer leaching,
It improves utilization rate of fertilizer and slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix and its preparation side that family's selenium-enriched plant plantation needs can be met
Method and application.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
A kind of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, is mainly prepared by the raw material of following mass parts：Peat 40~45
Part, ferment 10~15 parts of reed straw, 15~20 parts of vermiculite, 10~15 parts of perlite, 10~15 parts of carbonization rice husk, wetting agent 1
~2 parts, 0.5~0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2~0.3 part of potassium nitrate, and 5~10 parts of Selenium-rich nutrient of sustained release.
In above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, it is preferred that the sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient is mainly by with lower section
Method is prepared：First sodium selenite is dissolved in the water, the aqueous solution of sodium selenite is uniformly then sprayed on humic acid fertilizer
On, wherein the mass ratio of sodium selenite and humic acid fertilizer be 1: 1000~1200, after being uniformly mixed, stand for 24 hours with
On, the group of the powerful chelating function contained using humic acid fertilizer itself fully reacts chelating with sodium selenite, is had
The sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient of slow release.
In above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, it is preferred that in the potassium nitrate：Based on mass fraction, effectively
Nitrogen content >=13%, effective potassium content >=44%；And/or in the calcium superphosphate：With P2O5Meter, the mass fraction of available phosphorus >=
12%；And/or the wetting agent purchases the FXP liquid wetting agents produced from De Fu companies of Britain.
In above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, it is preferred that the fermentation reed straw is mainly by reed through powder
It is prepared by fully decomposed fermentation after broken processing, mass fraction >=45% of organic matter contained by the fermentation reed straw,
The μ s/cm of conductivity≤1000, pH value is in 6.5~7.5 ranges.
In above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, it is preferred that the perlite uses gardening perlite, color
It is pure white, granule content >=80% of 3mm~5mm diameters；And/or the vermiculite：Color is in golden yellow, 1mm~3mm diameters
Granule content >=80%；And/or in the carbonization rice husk impurity mass fraction≤5%, the matter of powder in the carbonization rice husk
Measure score≤15%.
The technical concept total as one, the present invention also provides a kind of systems of above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix
Preparation Method includes the following steps：
(1) it stocks up：Raw material peat, fermentation reed straw, vermiculite, perlite, carbonization rice are weighed respectively by the mass parts
Shell, wetting agent, calcium superphosphate, potassium nitrate and sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient, it is spare；
(2) premixing is handled：Potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate and peat are first carried out to be pre-mixed uniformly, stand 24 hours or more,
Chelatropic reaction is carried out using the humic acid being rich in peat and potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate, obtains premix；
(3) wetting agent dissolves：Wetting agent is dissolved in the water, after stirring evenly, obtains the aqueous solution of wetting agent；
(4) mixture：It will fermentation reed straw, vermiculite, perlite, carbonization rice husk, sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient and step (2)
Obtained premix carries out mixed once stirring, high-temperature sterilization processing is then carried out at 80 DEG C~90 DEG C, by high-temperature sterilization
The aqueous solution for the wetting agent that treated mixture is obtained with step (3) carries out secondary mixing again, and wetting agent is made uniformly to wrap
Matrix granule surface is wrapped up in, is sieved after stirring, slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix is obtained.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, it is preferred that in the step (3), the profit
The mass ratio of humectant and water is 1: 10~40, preferable 1: 30~40.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, it is preferred that in the step (3), the mistake
Sieve was the mesh sieve of 10 mesh~30.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, it is preferred that in the step (4), described one
Secondary mixing and secondary mixing are all made of horizontal drum stirring, mixed once stirring and secondary mixing when
Between control in 5min~7min.
The technical concept total as one, the present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix or
Application of the slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix in home gardening made from above-mentioned preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：
1, slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of the invention can reduce fertilizer leaching, improve utilization rate of fertilizer and
Meet family's selenium-enriched plant plantation needs, specific advantage is as follows：
(1) substrate sustained release is strong, is not easy leaching.Sodium selenite is soluble easily in water, is directly used in matrix unprocessed,
It is easy in the later stage in use, rainwater pouring is caused with water leaching, plant utilization rate chelating that is low, and having by using humic acid
After functional group is combined with sodium selenite, slow release effect is apparent, and plant absorbs on demand, and leaching is smaller, can greatly improve selenium element
Utilization rate.
(2) disease carrying germ and worm's ovum, all materials do not kill the germ that raw material may carry to the matrix by hot high-temperature process
And worm's ovum.
(3) the matrix fertilizer efficiency is lasting, and the raw material selected by matrix of the present invention is with organic original rich in humic acid and organic matter
Stronger for fertilizer adsorptivity based on material, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, while short texture is ventilative, and it is numerous to be conducive to plant rhizosphere microorganism
It grows, gradually decomposing organic matter material, slow release nutrient, fertilizer efficiency is made persistently to discharge and without burn seedlings risk.
(4) matrix is safe, and the absorption of Selenium By The Plants is more micro, and suitable selenium element can promote plant to give birth to
It is long, but be excessively easy to cause damages to plant, there is selenosis, and after being chelated therewith using humic acid, selenium element is released
Slow down it is slow and lasting, have great safety.
2, preparation method of the invention is simple for process, and the raw material screened is easy to get, better economy, is suitble to promote, but former
Specific compatibility mode and utilizing etc. for sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient but make matrix realize unexpected collaboration effect between material
Fruit is highly suitable for home gardening, especially balcony potted plant growth.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not thereby limiting the invention
Protection domain.
Material and instrument employed in following embodiment are commercially available.Wherein, peat is purchased from the high-quality height in northeast producing region
Detritus peat, from District, Xinyang Area, Henan Province, reed straw is Lake Dongting area stalk comprehensive treatment product, through returning for perlite, vermiculite buying
It is made after crushing fermentation maturity after receipts, carbonization rice husk is biomass boiler combustion from product.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of the present invention, is prepared by the raw material of following mass parts：Peat 40
Part, ferment 10 parts of reed straw, 15 parts of vermiculite, 13 parts of perlite, 15 parts of carbonization rice husk, 1 part of wetting agent, 0.8 part of calcium superphosphate,
0.2 part of potassium nitrate, and 5 parts of Selenium-rich nutrient of sustained release.
In the present embodiment, sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient is mainly prepared by following methods：First sodium selenite is completely dissolved
Then the aqueous solution of sodium selenite is uniformly sprayed on humic acid fertilizer (commercially available) by Yu Shui, wherein sodium selenite is planted with rotten
The mass ratio of sour fertilizer is 1: 1000, after being uniformly mixed, by standing for 24 hours, is contained using humic acid fertilizer itself strong
The group of big chelating function fully reacts chelating with sodium selenite, obtains the sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient with slow release.
In the present embodiment, based on mass fraction, effective nitrogen content >=13%, effective potassium content >=44% in potassium nitrate.With
Mass fraction meter, the available phosphorus of calcium superphosphate is (with P2O5Meter) content >=12%.The production of De Fu companies of Britain can be used in wetting agent
FXP liquid wetting agents, but it is not limited to this.Mass fraction >=45% of organic matter contained by fermentation reed straw, conductivity≤
1000 μ s/cm, pH value is in 6.5~7.5 ranges.Perlite uses gardening perlite, and color is pure white, 3mm~5mm diameters
Granule content >=80%.Vermiculite color is in golden yellow, granule content >=80% of 1mm~3mm diameters.Impurity in carbonization rice husk
Mass fraction≤5%, mass fraction≤15% of powder in carbonization rice husk.
A kind of preparation method of the slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of above-mentioned the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
(1) it stocks up：Raw material peat, fermentation reed straw, vermiculite, perlite, carbon are weighed respectively by above-mentioned proportion by weight
Change rice husk, wetting agent, calcium superphosphate, potassium nitrate and sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient, it is spare；
(2) premixing is handled：Spare potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate and peat are first carried out to be pre-mixed uniformly, it is small to stand 24
When more than, carry out chelatropic reaction using the humic acid that is rich in peat and potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate, obtain premix；
(3) wetting agent dissolves：Spare wetting agent is dissolved completely in the clean water of 10 times of its mass parts, is stirred evenly
Afterwards, the aqueous solution of wetting agent is obtained；
(4) mixture：By spare fermentation reed straw, vermiculite, perlite, carbonization rice husk, sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient and
The premix that step (2) obtains be sent into together in horizontal drum blender carries out be mixed 5 minutes, then at 85 DEG C into
The aqueous solution for the wetting agent that high-temperature sterilization treated mixture is obtained with step (3) is carried out two by the processing of row high-temperature sterilization again
It is secondary to be mixed 5 minutes, so that wetting agent is uniformly wrapped up matrix granule surface, 8mm sieves are crossed after stirring, obtain slow-release selenium-rich gardening
Cultivation matrix.
Above-mentioned slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix manufactured in the present embodiment can be applied in home gardening, especially use
In balcony potted plant growth mode, realizes the self-produced reversal vegetables production rich in vegetable active selenium, meet family's selenium-supply needs.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of the present invention, is prepared by the raw material of following mass parts：Peat 40
Part, ferment 10 parts of reed straw, 15 parts of vermiculite, perlite 10,13 parts of carbonization rice husk, 1 part of wetting agent, 0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, nitre
0.2 part of sour potassium, and 10 parts of Selenium-rich nutrient of sustained release.
The preparation method of the slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of above-mentioned the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference
It is only that material quality part difference.
Embodiment 3
A kind of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of the present invention, is prepared by the raw material of following mass parts：Peat 40
Part, ferment 10 parts of reed straw, 15 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, 15 parts of carbonization rice husk, 2 parts of wetting agent, 0.8 part of calcium superphosphate,
0.2 part of potassium nitrate, and 7 parts of Selenium-rich nutrient of sustained release.
The preparation method of the slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of above-mentioned the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference
It is only that material quality part difference.
Comparative example 1
A kind of horticultural gardening matrix, it is essentially identical compared with Example 1, it differs only in：Not using sustained release selenium-rich nutritive
Agent, and directly use sodium selenite replacement.It finds after tested, the romaine lettuce Se content produced using this comparative formulation is obviously low
In the present invention, it is unable to meet production the purpose of rich selenium vegetables, reason may be that selenium element be handled without slow release, with repeatedly pouring
Water is leached, caused by major part is not absorbed by plants.
Performance test and comparison：
Cultivation check experiment is carried out to the slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of the present invention below：
1, experiment is carried out in 2018-03-25 in Hu'nan Xianghui Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd.'s experiment greenhouse.
2, test raw material of the invention is peat, fermentation reed straw, vermiculite, perlite, carbonization rice husk, wetting agent, mistake
Calcium phosphate, potassium nitrate, sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient, experimental cultivar are 15 days seedling age cream romaine lettuce that the Hu-nan's agriculture academy of sciences provides
Seedling.
3, test method：
Experiment sets 3 processing altogether, is repeated 4 times, and it is embodiment 2 that formula design, which is shown in Table one, T1, and T2 is embodiment 3, and T3 is real
Example 1 is applied, T4 is comparative example 1, by compounding method with postponing, uses capacity for 10 liters, size is the bottom belt of 40 × 20 × 15cm
The container of osculum is tested, and the slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix of 3 kinds of formulas is taken to be loaded by 10 liters/basin, is loaded
It is elastic suitable, field planting cultivation is carried out by 8 × 8cm of distance between rows and hills, the cream life of 8 plants of delicate and pretty 15 days disease-free seedling age phases is colonized per basin
Dish seedling sprinkles profoundly water after field planting, and routine observation seedling grows up, and watering in one day is primary, and plant Biological indicators are measured after 25 days.
Sampling respectively takes 10 plants to be measured by each repetition, is averaged as final result, 25 days sampling and measuring after field planting：
Overground part dry weight and fresh weight, white root, maximum width of blade, leaf age, plant height.
4, effectiveness indicator compares：
It is found by the way that comparison is measured by sampling：Either overground part fresh weight and dry weight, radical, the number of blade and Se content are all T1
The highest of processing, this explanation under same management condition, T1 matrix formulations for romaine lettuce growth and development advantageously, T2 and T3
Also relatively advantageous, and the romaine lettuce Se content of T4 processing is handled far below other, is unable to meet production the purpose of rich selenium vegetables, reason
It may be that selenium element is handled without slow release, be leached with multiple watering, caused by major part is not absorbed by plants.
1 matrix formulations of table design
The influence that the matrix of 2 different ratio of table develops Growth of Lettuce
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Though
So the present invention has been disclosed with preferred embodiment as above, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art
Member, in the case where not departing from the Spirit Essence and technical solution of the present invention, all using in the methods and techniques of the disclosure above
Appearance makes many possible changes and modifications to technical solution of the present invention, or is revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore,
Every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention is made to the above embodiment any simple according to the technical essence of the invention
Modification, equivalent replacement, equivalence changes and modification, still fall within technical solution of the present invention protection in the range of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix, which is characterized in that be mainly prepared by the raw material of following mass parts：Mud
40~45 parts of charcoal, ferment 10~15 parts of reed straw, 15~20 parts of vermiculite, 10~15 parts of perlite, 10~15 parts of carbonization rice husk,
1~2 part of wetting agent, 0.5~0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2~0.3 part of potassium nitrate, and 5~10 parts of Selenium-rich nutrient of sustained release.
2. slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient
Mainly it is prepared by following methods：First sodium selenite is dissolved in the water, then uniformly sprays the aqueous solution of sodium selenite
In on humic acid fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of sodium selenite and humic acid fertilizer is 1: 1000~1200, is uniformly mixed
Afterwards, it stands more than for 24 hours, the group of the powerful chelating function contained using humic acid fertilizer itself fully reacts chela with sodium selenite
It closes, obtains the sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient with slow release.
3. slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the potassium nitrate：With
Mass fraction meter, effective nitrogen content >=13%, effective potassium content >=44%；And/or in the calcium superphosphate：With P2O5Meter, has
Imitate mass fraction >=12% of phosphorus；And/or the wetting agent purchases the FXP liquid wetting agents produced from De Fu companies of Britain.
4. slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the fermentation reed straw
Stalk is mainly prepared after pulverization process by fully decomposed fermentation by reed, organic matter contained by the fermentation reed straw
Mass fraction >=45%, the μ s/cm of conductivity≤1000, pH value is in 6.5~7.5 ranges.
5. slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the perlite,
Granule content >=80% of 3mm~5mm diameters；And/or in the vermiculite, granule content >=80% of 1mm~3mm diameters；
And/or in the carbonization rice husk impurity mass fraction≤5%, mass fraction≤15% of powder in the carbonization rice husk.
6. a kind of preparation method of such as slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 5, including with
Lower step：
(1) it stocks up：Raw material peat, fermentation reed straw, vermiculite, perlite, carbonization rice husk, profit are weighed respectively by the mass parts
Humectant, calcium superphosphate, potassium nitrate and sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient, it is spare；
(2) premixing is handled：Potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate and peat are first carried out to be pre-mixed uniformly, stand 24 hours or more, it utilizes
The humic acid being rich in peat carries out chelatropic reaction with potassium nitrate, calcium superphosphate, obtains premix；
(3) wetting agent dissolves：Wetting agent is dissolved in the water, after stirring evenly, obtains the aqueous solution of wetting agent；
(4) mixture：Fermentation reed straw, vermiculite, perlite, carbonization rice husk, sustained release Selenium-rich nutrient and step (2) are obtained
Premix carry out mixed once stirring, then at 80 DEG C~90 DEG C carry out high-temperature sterilization processing, high-temperature sterilization is handled
The aqueous solution for the wetting agent that mixture afterwards is obtained with step (3) carries out secondary mixing again, and wetting agent is made uniformly to wrap up base
Matter particle surface is sieved after stirring, obtains slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix.
7. the preparation method of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step
(3) in, the mass ratio of the wetting agent and water is 1: 10~40.
8. the preparation method of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step
(3) in, the sieving was the mesh sieve of 10 mesh~30.
9. the preparation method of slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step
(4) in, mixed once stirring and secondary mixing are all made of horizontal drum stirring, the mixed once stirring and secondary
The time of mixing controls in 5min~7min.
10. a kind of such as slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or such as claim 6
Application of the slow-release selenium-rich horticultural gardening matrix in home gardening made from preparation method described in any one of~9.
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